CN111629308A

CN111629308A - Loudspeaker and earphone

Info

Publication number: CN111629308A
Application number: CN201910144839.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢刚; 吴海全; 贡维勇; 勒费伍赫·米凯尔·伯纳德·安德烈; 师瑞文
Original assignee: Shenzhen Grandsun Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Grandsun Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-02-27
Filing date: 2019-02-27
Publication date: 2020-09-04

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of electroacoustic transducer elements, and provides a loudspeaker and an earphone. The loudspeaker comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system, wherein the vibration system comprises a sound film, a voice coil framework, an upper coil, a lower coil and a connecting terminal, the upper coil and the lower coil are wound on the voice coil framework and are arranged in a position relation of decibels up and down, the winding directions of the upper coil and the lower coil are opposite, and the connecting terminal is used for outputting audio signals to the upper coil and the lower coil simultaneously; the magnetic circuit system is used for generating a magnetic loop, the upper coil and the lower coil are both positioned in the magnetic loop, and magnetic lines of force of the magnetic loop at the upper coil and the magnetic line of force of the magnetic loop at the lower coil are both arranged in a radial direction. The invention adopts the coils with opposite winding directions, can reduce eddy current loss and improve tone quality, in particular to improve high-frequency tone quality.

Description

Loudspeaker and earphone

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of electroacoustic transducer elements, and particularly relates to a loudspeaker and an earphone.

Background

In the field of modern acoustoelectric technology, a speaker is also called a horn, which is an important transducer device commonly used in electronic devices such as various communication devices and audio/video devices. A magnetic field is formed inside the speaker, and a coil made of a conductive material is suspended in the magnetic field of the speaker. Due to the action of Loran magnetic force, when a signal carrying sound characteristics in the voice coil is changed, the coil can vibrate, so that the voice diaphragm is driven to make sound, and the electric signal is converted into sound.

Because the coil has resistance, when the coil moves in a fixed magnetic field, an induced current is generated in the coil according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and the current flows in the coil to generate joule heat, so that the conductor is heated, and loss is caused, which is called eddy current loss.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a loudspeaker and an earphone, which aim to reduce the eddy current loss of the loudspeaker and prolong the service life of a coil.

The present invention provides a speaker, including:

the vibration system is used for generating sound through vibration and comprises a sound film, a voice coil framework, an upper coil, a lower coil and connecting terminals, wherein the sound film is in a conical shape, the voice coil framework is in a cylindrical shape extending from top to bottom, the upper end of the voice coil framework is connected with the sound film, the upper coil and the lower coil are wound on the voice coil framework and are arranged at intervals, the winding directions of the upper coil and the lower coil are opposite, the connecting terminals are used for outputting audio signals to the upper coil and the lower coil simultaneously, the upper ends of the upper coil and the lower coil are electrically connected with the connecting terminals, or the lower ends of the upper coil and the lower coil are electrically connected with the connecting terminals;

and the magnetic circuit system is used for generating a magnetic loop, wherein the upper coil and the lower coil are both positioned in the magnetic loop, and magnetic lines of force of the magnetic loop at the upper coil and the lower coil are both arranged in a radial direction.

Furthermore, the magnetic circuit system comprises a first magnetic circuit component for generating a first magnetic circuit and a second magnetic circuit component for generating a second magnetic circuit, the upper coil is located in the first magnetic circuit, the first magnetic circuit is radially arranged on the magnetic line of force at the upper coil, the lower coil is located in the second magnetic circuit, and the second magnetic circuit is radially arranged on the magnetic line of force at the lower coil.

Further, the first magnetic circuit component comprises an upper washer, an upper magnet and an upper iron ring, the upper washer and the upper magnet are fixedly arranged up and down, the upper iron ring is sleeved on the peripheries of the upper washer and the upper magnet, an upper magnetic gap is reserved between the upper washer and the upper magnet, and the upper coil is positioned in the upper magnetic gap;

the second magnetic circuit assembly comprises a lower washer, a lower magnet and a lower iron ring, the lower magnet and the lower washer are fixedly arranged from top to bottom, the lower iron ring is sleeved on the periphery of the lower washer and the lower magnet and leaves a lower magnetic gap with the lower washer and the lower magnet, and the lower coil is located in the lower magnetic gap.

Further, the upper magnet and the lower magnet are integrally arranged.

Further, the upper iron ring and the lower iron ring are integrally arranged.

Further, the wire diameter and the number of turns of the upper coil are the same as those of the lower coil.

Furthermore, the loudspeaker also comprises a supporting system, the supporting system comprises a basin frame and a fixed frame, the basin frame is fixed above the fixed frame, the basin frame is of a plate-shaped structure and encloses to form a cavity, and an inner cavity communicated with the cavity and used for accommodating the magnetic circuit system is downwards formed in the upper surface of the fixed frame;

the vibration system comprises a basin frame, a voice coil framework, a vibration system, a diaphragm, a voice coil, a vibration system and a vibration system, wherein the upper end of the diaphragm is fixedly connected with the basin frame, the lower end of the diaphragm is fixedly connected with the voice coil framework, the vibration system further comprises an elastic wave, one end of the elastic wave is connected with the voice coil framework, the other end of the elastic wave is fixedly connected with the basin frame, and the elastic wave.

Furthermore, the fixed frame is provided with an avoiding hole downwards at the bottom of the inner cavity for avoiding the voice coil framework.

The invention also provides an earphone which comprises the loudspeaker.

Research shows that the movement of the coil in the fixed magnetic field generates eddy current loss, which not only generates heat of the coil to reduce the service life and bearing power of the coil, but also causes the sensitivity of the electroacoustic transducer to be reduced if the eddy current demagnetization is strong, thereby affecting the sound quality, especially the high-frequency sound quality. The invention adopts the coils with opposite winding directions, can reduce eddy current loss and improve tone quality, in particular to improve high-frequency tone quality.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

reference numerals	Name (R)	Reference numerals	Name (R)
				100	Vibration system	210	First magnetic circuit assembly
110	Sound film	211	Shanhuasi sauce
				120	Voice coil framework	212	Upper magnet
130	Upper coil	213	Upper iron ring
				140	Lower coil	214	Upper magnetic gap
150	Connecting terminal	220	Second magnetic circuit assembly
				160	Elastic wave	221	Lower washer
300	Support system	222	Lower magnet
				310	Basin rack	223	Lower iron ring
320	Fixing frame	224	Lower magnetic gap
				321	Avoiding hole	400	Dust-proof cap

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It should be further noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the XYZ rectangular coordinate system established in fig. 1 is defined as follows: one side in the positive direction of the X axis is defined as the front, and one side in the negative direction of the X axis is defined as the back; one side in the positive Y-axis direction is defined as the left side, and one side in the negative Y-axis direction is defined as the right side; the side in the positive direction of the Z axis is defined as the upper side, and the side in the negative direction of the Z axis is defined as the lower side.

It should be noted that the terms of orientation such as left, right, up and down in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative to each other or are referred to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a speaker, which includes a vibration system 100, a magnetic circuit system, a support system 300, and a dust cap 400.

The company discovers that the coil moves in a fixed magnetic field to generate eddy current loss in the process of researching and developing how to improve the tone quality of the audio frequency, and the eddy current loss not only generates heat of the coil so as to reduce the service life and bearing power of the coil, but also can cause the sensitivity of an electroacoustic transducer to be reduced if the eddy current demagnetization effect is strong, so that the tone quality, especially the tone quality of high frequency, is influenced. Therefore, the sound quality effect can be improved by reducing the eddy current loss. And then through the optimal design of the vibration system 100 and the magnetic circuit system, the sound quality of the loudspeaker is improved while the eddy current loss is reduced.

The vibration system 100 is used for generating sound by vibration, the vibration system 100 includes a voice diaphragm 110, a voice coil bobbin 120, an upper coil 130, a lower coil 140 and a connection terminal 150, the voice diaphragm 110 is conical, the voice coil bobbin 120 is cylindrical and extends up and down, the upper end of the voice coil bobbin 120 is connected with the voice diaphragm 110, the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are wound on the voice coil bobbin 120 and are arranged at intervals up and down, the winding directions of the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are opposite, the connection terminal 150 is used for simultaneously outputting audio signals to the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140, wherein the upper end of the upper coil 130 and the upper end of the lower coil 140 are respectively electrically connected with the connection terminal 150 or the lower ends of the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are respectively electrically. By arranging the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 in opposite winding directions, the audio signals pass through the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 simultaneously to generate opposite polarity results, so that the eddy current loss is reduced, and the high-frequency tone quality is improved.

The magnetic circuit system is used for generating a magnetic circuit, wherein the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are both located in the magnetic circuit, and the magnetic lines of force of the magnetic circuit at the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are both radially arranged. The provision of a radial magnetic field ensures that the upper and

lower coils

130, 140 move more linearly in the magnetic circuit at large strokes, thereby producing better sound.

In the present embodiment, the upper coil 130 has the same wire diameter and the same number of turns as the lower coil 140. This design provides for the audio signal to be in opposite phase after passing through the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140, further reducing eddy current losses. The upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are wound by enamel wire having a diameter of 0.05-0.06. The enameled wire can be selected from common copper wire, OFC copper wire, aluminum wire, copper-clad aluminum wire and the like.

In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit system includes a first magnetic circuit component 210 for generating a first magnetic circuit and a second magnetic circuit component 220 for generating a second magnetic circuit, the upper coil 130 is located in the first magnetic circuit, the first magnetic circuit is radially disposed on the magnetic line of force at the upper coil 130, the lower coil 140 is located in the second magnetic circuit, and the second magnetic circuit is radially disposed on the magnetic line of force at the lower coil 140. The upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are respectively located in independent magnetic circuits, so that the characteristic parameters of each magnetic circuit are effectively and independently controlled, and the distribution condition of magnetic induction intensity is improved.

Referring to fig. 2, the first magnetic circuit assembly 210 includes an upper washer 211, an upper magnet 212 and an upper iron ring 213, the upper washer 211 and the upper magnet 212 are fixed to each other in an up-down direction, the upper iron ring 213 is sleeved on the peripheries of the upper washer 211 and the upper magnet 212, an upper magnetic gap 214 is formed between the upper washer 211 and the upper magnet 212, and the upper coil 130 is located in the upper magnetic gap 214. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper washer 211 is cylindrical, the upper magnet 212 is cylindrical, the upper washer 211 is fixed above the upper magnet 212, and the upper iron ring 213 is annular and is sleeved outside the upper washer 211 and the upper magnet 212, and forms an upper magnetic gap 214 with the upper magnet 212 and the upper washer 211 to accommodate the up-and-down movement (axial movement) of the upper coil 130.

The second magnetic circuit assembly 220 comprises a lower washer 221, a lower magnet 222 and a lower iron ring 223, the lower magnet 222 and the lower washer 221 are vertically and fixedly arranged, the lower iron ring 223 is sleeved on the peripheries of the lower washer 221 and the lower magnet 222, a lower magnetic gap 224 is reserved between the lower washer 221 and the lower magnet 222, and the lower coil 140 is located in the lower magnetic gap 224. In the illustrated embodiment, the lower washer 221 is cylindrical, the lower magnet 222 is fixed above the lower washer 221, and the lower iron ring 223 is annular and is sleeved outside the lower washer 221 and the lower magnet 222, and forms a lower magnetic gap 224 with the lower magnet 222 and the lower washer 221 for accommodating the up-and-down movement (axial movement) of the upper coil 130.

Further, the upper magnet 212 and the lower magnet 222 are integrally provided. The integrated structure saves the manufacturing cost.

Further, the upper iron ring 213 and the lower iron ring 223 are integrally provided. The integrated structure saves the manufacturing cost.

The material of the sound film 110 can be plastic film, metal film, wood film, biological film or paper film, and the plastic film can be selected from PET, PEN, PEI, PI, LCP, PEEK, PC, PPS or PAR; the material of the metal film can be selected from aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or beryllium alloy. In addition, the sound film 110 made of different materials has different elastic modulus, internal damping, poisson's ratio, thickness, density, etc., and these differences directly affect the Q value of the quality factor of the speaker, resulting in different qualities of the speaker. The high-rigidity and high-elasticity membrane has better qualities such as: transients, sensitivity, frequency response, etc. Thus, different types of sound films 110 can be selected according to actual needs.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the speaker further includes a frame 310 and a fixing frame 320, the frame 310 is fixed above the fixing frame 320, the frame 310 is a plate-shaped structure and encloses to form a cavity, and the fixing frame 320 has an inner cavity downward opened on the upper surface thereof, the inner cavity being communicated with the cavity and used for accommodating the magnetic circuit system;

the upper end of the diaphragm 110 is fixedly connected to the frame 310, the lower end of the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the voice coil bobbin 120, the vibration system 100 further includes an elastic wave 160, one end of the elastic wave 160 is connected to the voice coil bobbin 120, the other end of the elastic wave 160 is fixedly connected to the frame 310, and the elastic wave 160 is located above the upper coil 130.

The frame 310 provides a fixed pivot for the sound film 110, and the frame 310 and the fixed frame 320 enclose to form a housing for protecting internal devices and isolate the influence of external noise on the vibration system 100 from the sound film 110.

The damper 160 is provided to provide a pivot point for fixing the voice coil bobbin 120 to ensure the correct positions of the upper coil 130 in the upper magnetic gap 214 and the lower coil 140 in the lower magnetic gap 224 and to ensure that the vibration system 100 reciprocates up and down (axially) when the upper coil 130 and the lower coil 140 are stressed, and the damper 160, the upper coil 130, the lower coil 140 and the sound diaphragm 110 together determine the resonance efficiency of the speaker. Further, the provision of the damper 160 prevents dust from entering the upper magnetic gap 214 and the lower magnetic gap 224.

Referring to fig. 2, the fixing frame 320 is provided with an avoiding hole 321 downwards at the bottom of the inner cavity to avoid the voice coil bobbin 120. The avoiding hole 321 is an annular groove, and the depth and width of the avoiding hole 321 are designed to ensure that a distance is still left between the voice coil bobbin 120 and the bottom of the avoiding hole 321 when the voice coil bobbin 120 moves downwards to the lowest point, so as to avoid the influence of noise generated by the contact of the voice coil bobbin 120 and the avoiding hole 321 on the sound quality of the loudspeaker.

Referring to fig. 2, the dust cap 400 is made of a flexible material, has a circular horizontal projection, and is fixedly connected to the sound film 110 at its periphery to prevent dust from falling into the speaker.

Example two

The invention also provides an earphone which comprises the loudspeaker of the first embodiment, and the specific structure of the loudspeaker refers to the first embodiment. Since the earphone adopts all the technical solutions of the first embodiment, all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the first embodiment are also achieved, and are not described in detail herein.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, comprising:

2. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit system comprises a first magnetic circuit assembly for generating a first magnetic circuit and a second magnetic circuit assembly for generating a second magnetic circuit, the upper coil being located in the first magnetic circuit and the first magnetic circuit being radially disposed with respect to the magnetic lines of force at the upper coil, the lower coil being located in the second magnetic circuit and the second magnetic circuit being radially disposed with respect to the magnetic lines of force at the lower coil.

3. The loudspeaker of claim 2, wherein the first magnetic circuit assembly comprises an upper washer, an upper magnet and an upper iron ring, the upper washer and the upper magnet are vertically and fixedly arranged, the upper iron ring is sleeved on the peripheries of the upper washer and the upper magnet and is provided with an upper magnetic gap with the upper washer and the upper magnet, and the upper coil is positioned in the upper magnetic gap;

4. A loudspeaker according to claim 3, wherein the upper magnet and the lower magnet are integrally provided.

5. The loudspeaker of claim 3, wherein said upper and lower iron rings are integrally formed.

6. A loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper coil has the same wire diameter and number of turns as the lower coil.

7. The loudspeaker of claim 6, further comprising a support system, wherein the support system comprises a frame and a fixing frame, the frame is fixed above the fixing frame, the frame is of a plate-shaped structure and encloses to form a cavity, and an inner cavity communicated with the cavity and used for accommodating the magnetic circuit system is formed in the upper surface of the fixing frame downwards;

8. The loudspeaker of claim 7, wherein the fixing frame is provided with an avoiding hole downwards at the bottom of the inner cavity to avoid the voice coil framework.

9. An earphone, characterized in that it comprises a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 8.