CN111624080B - Method for extracting micro-plastic from livestock and poultry manure and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for extracting micro-plastic from livestock and poultry manure and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting micro-plastic from livestock and poultry manure and application thereof, which comprises the following steps: digestion of excrement; extracting the micro plastic; and observation of the results. The invention is specially designed for the characteristics of the livestock and poultry manure (such as pig manure, chicken manure and the like), has simple operation steps and can greatly improve the extraction efficiency of the micro-plastics in the livestock and poultry manure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant detection, and relates to a method for extracting micro-plastics from livestock and poultry manure and application thereof.
Background
It is known that plastics, while bringing convenience to us, also cause a series of environmental pollution problems due to abuse and runaway. Although the degradable plastic can alleviate the problem of partial pollution, it can generate a new environmental pollutant, namely, Micro Plastic (MP), during the use and degradation process. The micro plastic is plastic fragments and particles with a diameter less than 5mm, and the micro plastic is various in types, mainly comprises Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Polycarbonate (PC), and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the like, and has a complicated shape, including particles, fibers, fragments, films, and the like. The micro-plastic is found in marine water bodies and sediments for the first time, and is called PM2.5 in the sea because the micro-plastic is difficult to distinguish by naked eyes. Research has shown that the chemical property of the micro plastic is stable in the environment and has strong durability, and meanwhile, the micro plastic can be used as a carrier of other toxic pollutants, can produce a toxicological effect on organisms in the environment and cause serious ecological risks, and can even be transmitted through a food chain to threaten the survival and health of human beings.
At present, the reported research on the micro-plastics mainly focuses on the aspects of the ocean and the soil environment, reports are rarely made on the livestock and poultry breeding environment, but livestock and poultry products are an important link in the human food chain and are closely related to the human health, so that the situation of clearly detecting the micro-plastics in the livestock and poultry breeding environment is urgent. The extraction method of the micro-plastic at the present stage mainly adopts a density suspension centrifugation method to extract samples with low oil content such as water, soil, silt and the like.
The patent application No. 201910531601.8 entitled "method for extracting microplastic from human and animal feces" discloses a method for extracting microplastic from human and animal feces. However, since the daily dietary intake ratio is different, compared with human feces, the livestock feces (such as pig manure and chicken manure) contains a large amount of grease, and the extraction according to the above conventional method can cause the grease in the livestock feces (such as pig manure and chicken manure) to form a mixture with the micro-plastics, so that the mixture cannot be suspended, and the extraction effect of the micro-plastics in the livestock feces is seriously affected.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for improving the efficiency of extracting the micro-plastics from the feces of livestock and poultry (such as pig manure and chicken manure) so as to meet the experimental requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for extracting micro-plastics from livestock and poultry manure and application thereof, which are specially designed for the characteristics of the livestock and poultry manure (such as pig manure, chicken manure and the like), have simple operation steps and can greatly improve the extraction efficiency of the micro-plastics in the livestock and poultry manure.
In view of the above, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, a method for extracting micro-plastics from livestock and poultry manure is provided, which comprises the following steps:
digestion of feces: putting the livestock and poultry feces into a container, and adding 30% by mass of H2O2Solution and 10% by mass of FeSO4A solution, wherein the livestock manure is mixed with 30 mass percent of H2O2The solution and FeSO with the mass fraction of 10 percent are added at this time4The weight-to-volume ratio (g: mL: mL, i.e. the weight of the livestock manure is g, and the mass fraction is 30% of H2O2Solution, solution,The FeSO with the mass fraction of 10 percent is added at this time4Solution in mL) is (2-3): (10-15): 1;
then water bath is carried out for 1.5 to 2.5 hours at the temperature of between 45 and 55 ℃, and then FeSO with the mass fraction of 10 percent is added4Standing the solution and 0.5M NaOH solution at 20-25 ℃ for 24h to obtain a sample solution, wherein the FeSO with the mass fraction of 10% is added at this time4The volume ratio of the solution to the 0.5M NaOH solution was 1: (25-35) (both in mL volumes);
extraction of the micro-plastic:
putting part of sample solution in the container into an extraction container, and adding 1.5g/cm of mass fraction 1-2 times of the volume of the part of sample solution3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution, and then carrying out primary centrifugation to obtain a first supernatant and a first precipitate; carrying out first vacuum filtration on the first supernatant;
putting the rest sample solution in the container into the same extraction container containing the first precipitate, and adding 1.5g/cm of the rest sample solution with a mass fraction of 1-2 times of the volume3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution, and then carrying out secondary centrifugation to obtain a second supernatant and a second precipitate; carrying out secondary vacuum filtration on the second supernatant by using the same filter membrane;
adding the container with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm to the container of 20-50%3Washing the NaI solution, putting the washing solution into the same extraction container containing the second precipitate after the washing is finished, and then centrifuging for the third time to obtain a third supernatant and a third precipitate; carrying out vacuum filtration on the third supernatant by using the same filter membrane for the third time;
and (4) observing results:
the filter membrane subjected to the third vacuum filtration was observed under a microscope to obtain an extraction result.
Preferably, the container is rinsed 1-2 times with ultra-pure water before the fecal digestion is performed, and the reagent solution is used after filtration.
Preferably, the sample solution is subjected to an ultrasonic pulverization treatment before the extraction of the micro plastic.
Preferably, the ultrasonic pulverization treatment time is 0.5-1.5h, and the ultrasonic power is 400-600W.
Preferably, the first centrifugation and the second centrifugation are both carried out at 8000XG and 4 ℃, and the centrifugation time is 8-12 min.
Preferably, the volume of the partial sample solution in the holding container is 40-50% of the total volume of the sample solution.
Preferably, the filter membrane for the first vacuum filtration, the second vacuum filtration and the third vacuum filtration is a polycarbonate cellulose filter membrane.
Preferably, the livestock manure comprises one or more of pig manure and chicken manure.
Preferably, the micro plastic comprises one or more of fiber type micro plastic and particle type micro plastic.
In addition, the application of the method in detecting the micro-plastic contained in the livestock manure is also provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for quickly and efficiently extracting the micro-plastics in the livestock and poultry manure is designed on the basis of the conventional micro-plastic extraction method, can completely separate the grease from the micro-plastics under the condition that the pig manure and the chicken manure are completely digested, has the characteristics of high recovery rate, strong specificity and good repeatability, can accurately and efficiently extract the fiber micro-plastics in the pig manure, and is favorable for popularization and application in clinical practice.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for extracting micro-plastics from livestock and poultry manure according to the invention;
FIG. 2a is a diagram showing the morphology of the retentate on the filter membrane in the case of extraction of the microplastic in the comparative example;
FIG. 2b is a diagram showing the morphology of the retentate from the filter membrane after drying, during the extraction of the microplastics of the comparative example;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane after 10 polypropylene particles have been added and extracted according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane after 30 polypropylene particles have been added and extracted according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane after the addition of 50 polypropylene particles and extraction using the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a microscope image of the filter membrane after extraction using the present invention after addition of 70 polypropylene particles.
FIG. 7 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane extracted by the present invention after 10 polypropylene fibers are added;
FIG. 8 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane extracted by the present invention after 30 polypropylene fibers are added;
FIG. 9 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane after addition of 50 polypropylene fibers and extraction using the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a microscopic image of the filter membrane extracted by the present invention after 70 polypropylene fibers were added;
in FIGS. 3 to 10, the left images are all the morphological display images of the selected micro-plastic under 4-fold microscope and on the filter membrane, the middle images are all the morphological display images of the selected micro-plastic under visual observation, and the right images are all the morphological display images of the selected micro-plastic under 4-fold microscope.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions of the methods, procedures, and conditions of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the experimental procedures used in the examples are all conventional procedures and techniques well known to those skilled in the art, and reagents or materials are all commercially available.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for extracting micro-plastic from livestock and poultry manure provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:
quality control and pollution removal: before extraction, the container is rinsed 1-2 times with ultrapure water, and the reagent solution is filtered and reused, in particular, by using a Millipore 0.22 μm filter membrane in a mass fraction of30% of H2O2The mass fraction of the solution is 10 percent of FeSO4Filtering the solution with 0.5M NaOH solution, and filtering with 0.22 μ M water membrane on a Jinteng vacuum filter by using a circulating water type vacuum pump to obtain a filtrate with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3Filtering the NaI solution;
meanwhile, to avoid experimental errors, three replicate controls were set for each sample in this example. And in order to avoid the interference of the environment and the micro-plastic pollution carried in the test apparatus on the test, non-plastic consumables are used for replacing plastic consumables as much as possible in the extraction process.
Digestion of feces:
weighing 2-3g of livestock and fowl feces (such as pig feces, chicken feces, etc.) sample, placing in 250mL beaker, adding 10mL of 30% H2O2Adding 1mL of 10% FeSO into the solution4A solution;
then adding 1mL of FeSO with the mass fraction of 10% after water bath for 1.5h at the temperature of 45 DEG C4Standing the solution and 25mL of 0.5M NaOH solution at 20-25 ℃ for 24h to obtain a sample solution; and after standing, carrying out ultrasonic crushing treatment on the sample solution, wherein the treatment time is 0.5h, and the ultrasonic power is 400W.
Extraction of the micro-plastic:
stirring the sample solution after the ultrasonic crushing treatment by using a glass rod uniformly;
15mL of the sample solution in the beaker was transferred to a 50mL centrifuge tube, and 15mL of a 1.5g/cm mass fraction were added3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution in a vortex mode, then carrying out first centrifugation at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 8min to obtain a first supernatant and a first precipitate; carrying out first vacuum filtration on the first supernatant by using a filter membrane;
the remaining sample solution in the beaker was transferred to the same 50mL centrifuge tube containing the first precipitate and 2 times the volume of the remaining sample solution was added with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3The NaI solution is re-suspended and uniformly mixed, and then is centrifuged for the second time at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 12min to obtain a second supernatant and a second precipitate; then the same filter membrane (i.e. the filter used for completing the first vacuum filtration) is adoptedMembrane) performing a second vacuum filtration on the second supernatant;
to a 250mL beaker containing the sample solution (at which time the sample solution was completely removed) was added 50mL of a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3Washing the NaI solution, after the washing is finished, putting the washing solution into the same 50mL centrifugal tube (namely the same centrifugal tube for the first centrifugation and the second centrifugation) containing the second precipitate, and then carrying out the third centrifugation to obtain a third supernatant and a third precipitate; carrying out vacuum filtration on the third supernatant by using the same filter membrane (namely the filter membrane for completing the second vacuum filtration); in the step, the filter membranes used for respectively carrying out the first vacuum filtration, the second vacuum filtration and the third vacuum filtration on different supernatants are the same, the filter membranes can be polycarbonate cellulose filter membranes (the diameter is 47mm, the aperture is 10 mu m) of whatman, meanwhile, the circulation water type vacuum pump is used for carrying out the filtration on a Jinteng vacuum filter, and during the filtration, absolute ethyl alcohol is used for washing a separating funnel and a glassware subjected to the vacuum filtration so as to prevent MP from being stuck on the wall to cause loss.
Therefore, the effect of fully extracting the micro-plastic contained in the centrifugal precipitate can be achieved by repeatedly digesting and extracting the centrifugal precipitate.
And (4) observing results:
the filter membrane subjected to the third vacuum filtration was observed under a microscope to obtain an extraction result.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that when the feces are digested, 2-3g of livestock feces (such as pig manure, chicken manure and the like) sample is weighed and placed in a 250mL beaker, and 15mL of H with the mass fraction of 30% is added firstly2O2Adding 1mL of 10% FeSO into the solution4A solution;
then adding 1mL of FeSO with the mass fraction of 10% after water bath for 2.0h at the temperature of 50 DEG C4Standing the solution and 35mL of 0.5M NaOH solution at 20-25 ℃ for 24h to obtain a sample solution; and after standing, carrying out ultrasonic crushing treatment on the sample solution, wherein the treatment time is 1.5h, and the ultrasonic power is 500W.
For making micro-plasticsDuring extraction, 25mL of sample solution is transferred to a 50mL centrifuge tube, and 25mL of sample solution with the mass fraction of 1.5g/cm is added3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution in a vortex mode, then carrying out first centrifugation at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 10min to obtain a first supernatant and a first precipitate; carrying out first vacuum filtration on the first supernatant;
the remaining sample solution in the beaker was transferred to the same 50mL centrifuge tube containing the first precipitate and 1 time the volume of the remaining sample solution was added with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3The NaI solution is re-suspended and uniformly mixed, and then is centrifuged for the second time at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 10min to obtain a second supernatant and a second precipitate; carrying out secondary vacuum filtration on the second supernatant by using the same filter membrane;
to a 250mL beaker containing the sample solution (at which time the sample solution was completely removed) was added 125mL of a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3Washing the NaI solution, after the washing is finished, putting the washing solution into the same 50mL centrifugal tube (namely the same centrifugal tube for the first centrifugation and the second centrifugation) containing the second precipitate, and then carrying out the third centrifugation to obtain a third supernatant and a third precipitate; and carrying out vacuum filtration on the third supernatant by using the same filter membrane for the third time.
The other steps are the same as in example 1, and are not described here.
Example 3:
the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that when the feces are digested, 2-3g of livestock feces (such as pig manure, chicken manure and the like) sample is weighed and placed in a 250mL beaker, 12mL of H with the mass fraction of 30% is added firstly2O2Adding 1mL of 10% FeSO into the solution4A solution;
then adding 1mL of FeSO with the mass fraction of 10% after water bath for 2.5h at the temperature of 55 DEG C4Standing the solution and 30mL of 0.5M NaOH solution at 20-25 ℃ for 24h to obtain a sample solution; and after standing, carrying out ultrasonic crushing treatment on the sample solution, wherein the treatment time is 2.5h, and the ultrasonic power is 600W.
For extraction of the microplastic, 12mL of the sample solution was transferred to a 50mL centrifuge18mL of a 1.5g/cm mass fraction3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution in a vortex mode, then carrying out first centrifugation at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 12min to obtain a first supernatant and a first precipitate; carrying out first vacuum filtration on the first supernatant;
the remaining sample solution in the beaker was transferred to the same 50mL centrifuge tube containing the first precipitate and 1.5 times the volume of the remaining sample solution was added with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3The NaI solution is re-suspended and uniformly mixed, and then is centrifuged for the second time at 8000XG and 4 ℃ for 8min to obtain a second supernatant and a second precipitate; carrying out secondary vacuum filtration on the second supernatant by using the same filter membrane;
to a 250mL beaker containing the sample solution (at which time the sample solution was completely removed) was added 100mL of a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm3Washing the NaI solution, after the washing is finished, putting the washing solution into the same 50mL centrifugal tube (namely the same centrifugal tube for the first centrifugation and the second centrifugation) containing the second precipitate, and then carrying out the third centrifugation to obtain a third supernatant and a third precipitate; and carrying out vacuum filtration on the third supernatant by using the same filter membrane for the third time.
The other steps are the same as in example 1, and are not described here.
Example 4:
this example also provides the use of the method described in examples 1-3 for the detection of micro-plastics contained in animal faeces.
The verification test of the addition recovery rate of the polypropylene fiber and the polypropylene particles in the pig manure comprises the following steps:
3g of pig manure was weighed and placed in a 250mL beaker, 3 to 5mm diameter polypropylene fibers and 50 to 250 μm polypropylene particles were added in number gradients of 0, 10, 30, 50 and 70, respectively, and 6 replicates were set for each gradient, and extraction of the microplastic was performed according to the above-described examples 1 to 3 of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as "examples", and the data in this "example" is the average of the data obtained after the respective examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were carried out) and 201910531601.8, the name of the invention "a method for extracting microplastic from human and animal feces" (hereinafter, referred to as "comparative example"), and the two methods were compared, and the recovery rate calculation and the reproducibility test were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 recovery analysis of Polypropylene fiber and Polypropylene particle in pig manure
Similarly, 3g of chicken manure is weighed and referred to the above pig manure treatment process to obtain the micro-plastic recovery rate calculation and repeatability test under the two methods. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 recovery analysis of Polypropylene fiber and Polypropylene particle in Chicken manure
As can be seen from both tables 1 and 2, in terms of recovery rate, the extraction method of the invention can lead the recovery rate of the livestock and poultry manure to be close to 100 percent, while the recovery rate of the comparative example is only about 50 percent, which shows that the method of the invention can better extract fiber type and particle type micro-plastics in the pig and livestock manure; in terms of the coefficient of variation, the coefficient of variation in the group of the method of the invention is less than 5.0%, while the coefficient of variation of the comparative example is larger, which indicates that the method can not effectively extract fiber type and particle type polypropylene micro-plastics in pig manure.
Microscopic observation of filter membrane micro-plastic:
two pig manure samples (each 3g in weight) were weighed, 10 polypropylene particles with a diameter of 50-250 μm were added, and the extraction of the microplastic was performed according to the extraction method described in example 1 and 201910531601.8 of the present invention entitled "method for extracting microplastic from human and animal feces" (prior art), respectively, and then the microplastics obtained on the filter membranes were observed with a microscope.
As shown in fig. 2a, when the prior art is used for extraction, grease in excrement cannot be separated from the micro-plastic, so that the final trapped substance blocks the filtration pores of the PTFE hydrophilic filtration membrane, further the grease and other impurities cannot be removed through suction filtration, the grease and other impurities and the micro-plastic P can only be mixed together, and the micro-plastic P cannot be effectively distinguished. Further, as shown in fig. 2b, after the retentate on the PTFE hydrophilic filter membrane is dried, the grease F still adheres to the micro plastic P, and cannot be significantly distinguished, and the micro plastic P cannot be picked out for the next statistical analysis.
As shown in the left image of fig. 3, after the extraction by the method of the present invention is performed under a 4-fold microscope, the shape of the micro-plastic on the filter membrane (i.e., the particles in the circle in the left image of fig. 3) is clearly visible, and the micro-plastic can be conveniently picked out (i.e., the particles in the square frame of the middle image of fig. 3), and it can be seen from the shape display of the picked micro-plastic under the 4-fold microscope (i.e., the right image of fig. 3) that the micro-plastic is complete in shape and clear in appearance, and the surface is hardly adhered with impurities such as grease, which indicates that the micro-plastic is sufficiently separated from the impurities such as grease.
On the basis, a plurality of pig manure samples (each pig manure sample weighs 3g) are continuously weighed, polypropylene fibers with the diameter of 3-5mm and polypropylene particles with the diameter of 50-250 mu m are respectively added according to the number gradient of 10, 30, 50 and 70, the extraction method of the invention in the embodiment 1 is used for carrying out micro-plastic extraction, and then the micro-plastic extraction is respectively placed under a microscope for observation, and the obtained results are shown in figures 4-10. The results of fig. 4-10 are similar to fig. 3, and regardless of polypropylene fiber or polypropylene particles, under different number gradients, the micro plastic can be separated from impurities such as grease in excrement, and the shape contour is clear and visible, so that the micro plastic can be directly picked out for further research. In FIGS. 4-10, the circles on the left and the squares on the middle are indicated by the microplastic particles, and the right is the morphological display of the picked microplastic under 4-fold microscope.
The reason for this is that NaOH and NaI solutions are used in the process of the invention. Firstly, on the basis of fully digesting the excrement to release the micro-plastic, adding NaOH solution, then fully converting the grease in the excrement into fatty acid sodium salt and glycerin by saponification reaction, then adding high-density NaI solution, further promoting the high-density NaI solution to produce salting-out effect, separating out and coagulating the grease into floccule, and simultaneously, because the density of the micro-plastic is less than that of the NaI solution, the micro-plastic can be suspended on the surface, and the floccule can be precipitated and completely separated from the suspended micro-plastic by centrifugation, so that the interference of the grease and fat in the excrement can be almost completely eliminated, and the micro-plastic can be obtained by further only carrying out vacuum filtration on the supernatant.
In conclusion, the invention can completely separate the grease and the micro-plastic under the condition of completely digesting the pig manure and the chicken manure, has the characteristics of high recovery rate, strong specificity and good repeatability, can accurately and efficiently extract the fiber micro-plastic from the pig manure, and is favorable for popularization and application in clinical practice to meet the research requirements.
It should be noted that the technical features of the above embodiments 1 to 3 can be arbitrarily combined, and the technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features belong to the scope of the present application. While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method for extracting micro-plastic from livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
digestion of feces: putting the livestock and poultry feces into a container, and adding 30% by mass of H2O2Solution and 10% by mass of FeSO4A solution, wherein the livestock manure is mixed with 30 mass percent of H2O2The solution and FeSO with the mass fraction of 10 percent are added at this time4The weight to volume ratio (g: mL: mL) of the solution was (2-3)：(10-15)：1；
Then water bath is carried out for 1.5 to 2.5 hours at the temperature of between 45 and 50 ℃, and then FeSO with the mass fraction of 10 percent is added4Standing the solution and 0.5M NaOH solution at 20-25 ℃ for 24h to obtain a sample solution, wherein the FeSO with the mass fraction of 10% is added at this time4The volume ratio of the solution to the 0.5M NaOH solution was 1: (25-30);
extraction of the micro-plastic:
carrying out ultrasonic crushing treatment on the sample solution;
putting part of sample solution in the container into an extraction container, and adding 1.5g/cm of mass fraction 1-2 times of the volume of the part of sample solution3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution, and then carrying out primary centrifugation to obtain a first supernatant and a first precipitate; carrying out first vacuum filtration on the first supernatant;
putting the rest sample solution in the container into the same extraction container containing the first precipitate, and adding 1.5g/cm of the rest sample solution with a mass fraction of 1-2 times of the volume3Uniformly mixing the NaI solution, and then carrying out secondary centrifugation to obtain a second supernatant and a second precipitate; carrying out secondary vacuum filtration on the second supernatant by using the same filter membrane;
adding the container with a mass fraction of 1.5g/cm to the container of 20-50%3Washing the NaI solution, putting the washing solution into the same extraction container containing the second precipitate after the washing is finished, and then centrifuging for the third time to obtain a third supernatant and a third precipitate; carrying out vacuum filtration on the third supernatant by using the same filter membrane for the third time;
and (4) observing results:
the filter membrane subjected to the third vacuum filtration was observed under a microscope to obtain an extraction result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the container is rinsed 1-2 times with ultra-pure water before fecal digestion is performed, and the reagent solution is filtered and then used.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic pulverization treatment time is 0.5-1.5h, and the ultrasonic power is 400-600W.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first centrifugation and the second centrifugation are performed at 8000XG at 4 ℃ for 8-12 min.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the portion of the volume of the sample solution in the holding container is 40-50% of the total volume of the sample solution.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the filter membrane used in the first vacuum filtration, the second vacuum filtration, and the third vacuum filtration is a polycarbonate cellulose filter membrane.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the livestock manure comprises one or more of pig manure, chicken manure.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the micro-plastic comprises one or more of a fiber type micro-plastic, a particle type micro-plastic.
9. Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the detection of micro-plastics contained in animal faeces.
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| CN115337684A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Micro-plastic extraction equipment and micro-plastic identification system in livestock and poultry excrement |
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