CN111623677A - Pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and blast hole positioning device - Google Patents
Pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and blast hole positioning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623677A CN111623677A CN202010464024.8A CN202010464024A CN111623677A CN 111623677 A CN111623677 A CN 111623677A CN 202010464024 A CN202010464024 A CN 202010464024A CN 111623677 A CN111623677 A CN 111623677A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method, which comprises the following steps of firstly, calculating the size, the number, the hole depth and the spacing of required blasting holes according to the size of a blasting surface and forming a design drawing; determining a central point on the blasting surface according to the design drawing, positioning the position of the blasting hole through a positioning device according to the design drawing, and drilling; filling explosives in the drilled blast hole, and evacuating personnel; and fourthly, detonating, cleaning the blasting surface after the detonation, designing the next blasting according to the detonation condition, calculating the size, the position and the number of the blasting holes according to the size of the blasting surface, positioning the positions of the blasting holes through a positioning device and drilling the holes, facilitating the accurate positioning of the positions of the blasting holes by an operator, improving the accuracy of the blasting surface and reducing the influence of inaccurate positions of the blasting holes caused by the visual selection of the blasting holes by the operator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and a blast hole positioning device.
Background
Tunnel smooth blasting is one of the important technologies supporting the new olympic principle. The controlled blasting technology is characterized in that blasting parameters are correctly selected and a reasonable construction method is adopted, and sectional differential blasting is carried out in a subarea mode, so that the contour line after blasting meets the design requirement, and the blank surface is leveled.
When carrying out the smooth blasting, the construction of blast hole is extremely important, at first needs the engineer to calculate the position of blast hole, quantity, size and interval, then constructs according to the drawing through the constructor, and in the current work progress, the constructor measures the position in blast hole through the tape measure, and this kind of mode exists because there is the deviation in the position that operator's measuring error leads to blast hole, leads to the effect of blasting not good.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method, which has the effects of facilitating an operator to accurately position the position of a blast hole, improving the blasting accuracy of a blast surface and reducing the influence of inaccurate position of the blast hole caused by visual selection of the blast hole by the operator.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method comprises the following steps,
step one, calculating the size, the number, the hole depth and the spacing of the required blast holes according to the size of a blasting surface and forming a design drawing;
determining a central point on the blasting surface according to the design drawing, positioning the position of the blasting hole through a positioning device according to the design drawing, and drilling;
filling explosives in the drilled blast hole, and evacuating personnel;
and fourthly, detonating, cleaning the blasting surface after detonating, and designing next blasting according to the detonation condition.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, calculate the size of blast hole according to the size of blasting face, position and quantity, fix a position the position of blast hole and carry out drilling through positioner, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the position of the accurate location blast hole of operator, has improved the accuracy of the blasting to the blasting face, has reduced because the operator selects the blast hole visually and causes the unsafe influence in blast hole position.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a positioning device of a blast hole, which comprises a reference rod fixedly connected to a blast surface through an expansion bolt, an installation rod with one end rotatably connected to one end of the reference rod through a hinge, a graduated scale fixedly connected to the outer wall of the installation rod, a positioning ring installed on the outer wall of the installation rod, an adjusting mechanism arranged between the positioning ring and the installation rod and used for adjusting the position of the positioning ring on the installation rod, and an adjusting piece arranged between the installation rod and the reference rod and used for adjusting the angle between the installation rod and the reference rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, according to the design drawing, pass through expansion bolts with the benchmark pole and fix on the blasting face, rotate the installation pole, slide to the position in blast hole on the design drawing through adjustment mechanism adjusting positioning ring, adjust the angle of installation pole and benchmark pole through the regulating part, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the position in operator location blast hole.
The invention is further provided with: adjustment mechanism is including offering waist type groove on the installation pole lateral wall, fixed connection the regulating block on the holding ring outer wall, offering the adjustment tank on the installation pole lateral wall, offering spout on the adjustment tank both sides inner wall, sliding connection slider and the adjusting bolt of threaded connection in the spout on the slider, waist type groove runs through the both sides lateral wall of installation pole, adjustment tank and waist type groove intercommunication, regulating block sliding connection is in waist type groove, adjusting bolt's one end is supported tightly on the regulating block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, regulating block sliding connection rotates adjusting bolt in waist type groove, and adjusting bolt's one end is supported tightly on the regulating block, and adjusting bolt drives the slider and supports tightly on the spout inner wall, supports the regulating block tightly in waist type groove under slider and adjusting bolt's effect, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the operator to adjust the position of regulating block in waist type groove.
The invention is further provided with: the sliding block is fixedly connected with a limiting rack on one side close to the adjusting bolt, and the limiting rack is meshed with the positioning rack.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through fixedly connected with location rack on the spout inner wall, the spacing rack of fixedly connected with on the slider, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has improved the slider and has supported the stability tightly on the spout inner wall.
The invention is further provided with: the adjusting device comprises an adjusting block, a slider and a first pipe, wherein the adjusting block is arranged on the slider, the slider is arranged on the adjusting block, the first pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting block, the second pipe is fixedly connected to one side, close to the adjusting block, of the slider, a resisting spring is sleeved on the first pipe and the second pipe, two ends of the resisting spring are fixedly connected to the first pipe and the second pipe respectively, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the first pipe, the second pipe and the resisting spring.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the first pipe of fixedly connected with on the regulating block, fixedly connected with second pipe on the slider, the cover is equipped with and supports tight spring on first pipe and the second pipe, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the spacing rack of control to support tightly on the location rack all the time.
The invention is further provided with: the adjusting part comprises an adjusting rod, a sliding groove and a positioning part, wherein one end of the adjusting rod is connected to the outer wall of the installing rod in a rotating mode, the sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the reference rod, the sliding rod is connected to one end of the adjusting rod in a rotating mode, the positioning part is arranged between the reference rod and the sliding rod and used for positioning the position of the sliding rod in the sliding groove, and one end of the sliding rod is connected to the sliding groove in a sliding.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, slide bar sliding connection is in the sliding tray, through the position of setting element location slide bar in the sliding tray, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the operator to adjust the angle between installation pole and the benchmark pole.
The invention is further provided with: the locating piece comprises a locating groove formed in the upper surface of the reference rod, long grooves formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the locating groove, a long plate connected in the long grooves in a sliding mode, a first rack fixedly connected to the lower surface of the inner wall of the sliding groove, a second rack fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding rod and a locating bolt connected to the long plate in a threaded mode, the locating groove is communicated with the sliding groove, the first rack and the second rack are meshed with each other, and one end of the locating bolt abuts against the upper surface of the sliding rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, long slab sliding connection is in the elongated slot, and positioning bolt one end supports tightly on the slide bar, and positioning bolt supports the slide bar tightly on the second rack, through such setting, simple structure, convenient operation has made things convenient for the operator to fix a position of slide bar in the sliding tray.
The invention is further provided with: the upper surface of the long plate is fixedly connected with a third rack, the upper surface of the inner wall of the long groove is fixedly connected with a fourth rack, the third rack and the fourth rack are arranged along the length direction of the long groove, and the third rack and the fourth rack are meshed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the third rack is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the long plate, the fourth rack is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the long groove, and the third rack and the fourth rack are meshed with each other.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: the position of the blast hole can be conveniently and accurately positioned by an operator, the accuracy of blasting the blasting surface is improved, and the influence of inaccurate position of the blast hole caused by visual selection of the blast hole by the operator is reduced; the position of the blast hole is convenient for an operator to position; the stability of the long plate abutting against the inner wall of the long groove is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the second embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an adjusting mechanism according to a second embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the adjusting member in the second embodiment.
In the figure, 1, a reference rod; 2. mounting a rod; 3. a graduated scale; 4. a positioning ring; 5. an adjustment mechanism; 6. an adjustment member; 7. a waist-shaped groove; 8. an adjusting block; 9. an adjustment groove; 10. a chute; 11. a slider; 12. adjusting the bolt; 13. positioning the rack; 14. a limit rack; 15. a first tube; 16. a second tube; 17. the spring is tightly propped; 18. adjusting a rod; 19. a sliding groove; 20. a slide bar; 21. a positioning member; 22. positioning a groove; 23. a long groove; 24. a long plate; 25. a first rack; 26. a second rack; 27. positioning the bolt; 28. a third rack; 29. and a fourth rack.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment of the invention discloses a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the size, the number, the hole depth and the spacing of the required blast holes according to the size of a blasting surface and forming a design drawing;
determining a central point on the blasting surface according to the design drawing, positioning the position of the blasting hole through a positioning device according to the design drawing, and drilling;
filling explosives in the drilled blast hole, and evacuating personnel;
and fourthly, detonating, cleaning the blasting surface after detonating, and designing next blasting according to the detonation condition.
Embodiment two, as shown in fig. 1, a positioner in blast hole, including benchmark pole 1, installation pole 2, holding ring 4, scale 3, adjustment mechanism 5 and regulating part 6, benchmark pole 1 passes through expansion bolts fixed connection on the blasting face, benchmark pole 1 is the level setting, the one end of installation pole 2 is passed through the hinge and is rotated the connection on benchmark pole 1 one end, holding ring 4 is installed on 2 outer walls of installation pole, scale 3 fixed connection is on 2 outer walls of installation pole, scale 3 sets up along 2 length direction in the installation pole, adjustment mechanism 5 sets up between holding ring 4 and installation pole 2, adjustment mechanism 5 is used for adjusting the position of holding ring 4 on installation pole 2, regulating part 6 sets up between installation pole 2 and benchmark pole 1, regulating part 6 is used for adjusting the angle between installation pole 2 and benchmark pole 1.
As shown in fig. 2, adjustment mechanism 5 includes waist type groove 7, regulating block 8, adjustment tank 9, spout 10, slider 11, adjusting bolt 12, waist type groove 7 is seted up on the lateral wall of one side of installation pole 2, waist type groove 7 runs through the both sides lateral wall of installation pole 2, adjustment tank 9 is seted up on the opposite side lateral wall of installation pole 2, adjustment tank 9 just is perpendicular setting with waist type groove 7 intercommunication, regulating block 8 fixed connection is on the 4 outer walls of holding ring, 8 sliding connection of regulating block are in waist type groove 7, spout 10 is seted up on the both sides inner wall of adjustment tank 9, spout 10 sets up along adjusting tank 9 length direction, slider 11 sliding connection is in spout 10, adjusting bolt 12 threaded connection is on slider 11, adjusting bolt 12's one end is supported tightly on regulating block 8.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to improve the stability of the sliding block 11 abutting against the inner wall of the sliding groove 10, a positioning rack 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 10 near the adjusting bolt 12, the positioning rack 13 is arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove 10, a limiting rack 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding block 11 near the adjusting bolt 12, and the limiting rack 14 is meshed with the positioning rack 13.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate an operator to move the slider 11, a first tube 15 is fixedly connected to a side wall of one side of the adjusting block 8, a second tube 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 11 close to the adjusting block 8, a resisting spring 17 is sleeved on the first tube 15 and the second tube 16, two ends of the resisting spring 17 are respectively and fixedly connected to the first tube 15 and the second tube 16, and the adjusting bolt 12 is inserted into the first tube 15, the second tube 16 and the resisting spring 17.
As shown in fig. 3, the adjusting member 6 includes an adjusting lever 18, a sliding slot 19, a sliding rod 20 and a positioning member 21, wherein one end of the adjusting lever 18 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting lever 2, the sliding slot 19 is opened on the side wall of the reference lever 1, one end of the sliding rod 20 is rotatably connected to one end of the adjusting lever 18, the sliding rod 20 is slidably connected in the sliding slot 19, the positioning member 21 is disposed between the sliding rod 20 and the reference lever 1, and the positioning member 21 is used for positioning the position of the sliding rod 20 in the sliding slot 19.
As shown in fig. 3, the positioning member 21 includes a positioning groove 22, a long groove 23, a long plate 24, a first rack 25, a second rack 26, and a positioning bolt 27, the positioning groove 22 is disposed on the upper surface of the reference rod 1, the positioning groove 22 is communicated with the sliding groove 19, the long groove 23 is disposed on the inner walls of both sides of the positioning groove 22, the long plate 24 is slidably connected in the long groove 23, the first rack 25 is fixedly connected on the lower surface of the inner wall of the sliding groove 19, the second rack 26 is fixedly connected on the lower surface of the sliding rod 20, the first rack 25 is engaged with the second rack 26, the positioning bolt 27 is threadedly connected on the long plate 24, and one end of the positioning bolt 27 abuts against the upper surface of the sliding rod 20.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to improve the stability of the long plate 24 abutting against the inner wall of the long groove 23, a third rack 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the long plate 24, a fourth rack 29 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the long groove 23, the fourth rack 29 is arranged along the length direction of the long groove 23, and the third rack 28 and the fourth rack 29 are engaged with each other.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: according to the design drawing, the angle between the installation rod 2 and the reference rod 1 is adjusted, the sliding rod 20 is slid, after the angle of the installation rod 2 is adjusted, the positioning bolt 27 is rotated, one end of the positioning bolt 27 is abutted against the sliding rod 20, the first rack 25 is meshed with the second rack 26, and the third rack 28 is meshed with the fourth rack 29;
adjusting the position of the positioning ring 4 on the mounting rod 2, sliding the adjusting block 8, after the position is adjusted, screwing the adjusting bolt 12, abutting the adjusting bolt 12 on the adjusting block 8, and meshing the positioning rack 13 with the limiting rack 14.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A pilot hole smooth blasting construction method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step one, calculating the size, the number, the hole depth and the spacing of the required blast holes according to the size of a blasting surface and forming a design drawing;
determining a central point on the blasting surface according to the design drawing, positioning the position of the blasting hole through a positioning device according to the design drawing, and drilling;
filling explosives in the drilled blast hole, and evacuating personnel;
and fourthly, detonating, cleaning the blasting surface after detonating, and designing next blasting according to the detonation condition.
2. A positioning device for a blasthole used in a pilot hole smooth blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device comprises a reference rod (1) fixedly connected to a blasting surface through an expansion bolt, an installation rod (2) with one end connected to one end of the reference rod (1) in a rotating mode through a hinge, a graduated scale (3) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the installation rod (2), a positioning ring (4) installed on the outer wall of the installation rod (2), an adjusting mechanism (5) arranged between the positioning ring (4) and the installation rod (2) and used for adjusting the position of the positioning ring (4) on the installation rod (2), and an adjusting piece (6) arranged between the installation rod (2) and the reference rod (1) and used for adjusting the angle between the installation rod (2) and the reference rod (1).
3. A blast hole locating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: adjustment mechanism (5) including offer waist type groove (7), the adjusting block (8) of fixed connection on holding ring (4) outer wall on installation pole (2) lateral wall, offer adjusting groove (9) on installation pole (2) lateral wall, offer spout (10) on adjusting groove (9) both sides inner wall, slider (11) and threaded connection adjusting bolt (12) on slider (11) of sliding connection in spout (10), waist type groove (7) run through the both sides lateral wall of installation pole (2), adjusting groove (9) and waist type groove (7) intercommunication, adjusting block (8) sliding connection is in waist type groove (7), the one end of adjusting bolt (12) supports tightly on adjusting block (8).
4. A blast hole locating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: fixedly connected with location rack (13) on the spout (10) is close to one side inner wall of adjusting bolt (12), location rack (13) set up along spout (10) length direction slider (11) are close to spacing rack (14) of fixedly connected with on one side of adjusting bolt (12), mesh between spacing rack (14) and the location rack (13).
5. A blast hole locating device according to claim 4, wherein: the adjusting device is characterized in that a first pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting block (8), a second pipe (16) is fixedly connected to one side, close to the adjusting block (8), of the sliding block (11), a abutting spring (17) is sleeved on the first pipe (15) and the second pipe (16), two ends of the abutting spring (17) are fixedly connected to the first pipe (15) and the second pipe (16) respectively, and the adjusting bolt (12) penetrates through the first pipe (15), the second pipe (16) and the abutting spring (17).
6. A blast hole locating device according to claim 5, wherein: adjusting part (6) include that one end rotates regulation pole (18) of connecting on installation pole (2) outer wall, set up sliding tray (19) on benchmark pole (1) lateral wall, rotate slide bar (20) of connecting in regulation pole (18) one end and set up locating piece (21) that is arranged in location slide bar (20) position in sliding tray (19) between benchmark pole (1) and slide bar (20), slide bar (20) one end sliding connection is in sliding tray (19).
7. A blast hole locating device according to claim 6, wherein: the locating piece (21) comprises a locating groove (22) formed in the upper surface of the reference rod (1), a long groove (23) formed in the inner walls of two sides of the locating groove (22), a long plate (24) connected in the long groove (23) in a sliding mode, a first rack (25) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the inner wall of the sliding groove (19), a second rack (26) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding rod (20) and a locating bolt (27) connected to the long plate (24) in a threaded mode, the locating groove (22) is communicated with the sliding groove (19), the first rack (25) and the second rack (26) are meshed with each other, and one end of the locating bolt (27) abuts against the upper surface of the sliding rod (20).
8. A blast hole locating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: a third rack (28) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the long plate (24), a fourth rack (29) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the long groove (23), the third rack (28) and the fourth rack (29) are arranged along the length direction of the long groove (23), and the third rack (28) is meshed with the fourth rack (29).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010464024.8A CN111623677B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and blast hole positioning device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010464024.8A CN111623677B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and blast hole positioning device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111623677A true CN111623677A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
| CN111623677B CN111623677B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114485298A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-13 | 广东华晟安全职业评价有限公司 | Directional control smooth blasting device and blasting method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111623677B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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