CN111623402A - Machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system - Google Patents

Machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111623402A
CN111623402A CN202010616638.3A CN202010616638A CN111623402A CN 111623402 A CN111623402 A CN 111623402A CN 202010616638 A CN202010616638 A CN 202010616638A CN 111623402 A CN111623402 A CN 111623402A
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heat
water
low
heat supply
supply network
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CN111623402B (en
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李雪梅
张力
高维
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Sp Longyuan Power Technology & Engineering Co ltd
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Sp Longyuan Power Technology & Engineering Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/005—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant by means of a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/126—Absorption type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system, which comprises a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a steam turbine power generation system, a condensate water heat recovery system and a heating system; the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system comprises a flue gas-water heat exchanger; the steam turbine power generation system comprises an intermediate pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder which are communicated with each other, and the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are also respectively communicated with the heating system; the condensate water regenerative system is used for reheating condensate water obtained after heat release of steam serving as a circulating water heat source of the heat supply network and/or condensate water obtained after condensation of the condensing device; and the heating system is used for providing heat for the user side. The system fully utilizes the waste heat of the boiler and the low-grade energy generated by the steam turbine for heating, reduces the waste of low-grade and high-grade heat energy, is provided with the heat storage tank, can store the heat energy in the high load period of power generation, and achieves the effect of thermoelectric decoupling; the boiler exhaust gas temperature is reduced, the water consumption for flue gas desulfurization is reduced, and the system is energy-saving, environment-friendly and good in economic benefit.

Description

Machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and particularly relates to a machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system.
Background
Coal resources in China are rich, coal-fired power stations occupy important positions in power systems, a large amount of fossil energy is consumed to bring little pressure to the environment, and boilers serve as main equipment of thermal power generating units, are thermal energy power equipment and are also main sources of high energy consumption and high pollution.
The exhaust smoke loss of the boiler is the largest one of various heat losses of the boiler, and accounts for about 70-80% of the heat loss of the boiler. Boiler flue gas emissions include solid and gaseous pollutants, as well as thermal pollution from excessive flue gas temperatures. In coal-fired power stations, typical exhaust gas emission temperatures are 120-130 ℃, high-sulfur-fuel fired boilers can reach exhaust gas temperatures of 150 ℃, while in other types of power stations, such as circulating fluidized bed power stations, the exhaust gas emission temperatures can even be greater than 150 ℃. Moreover, the pollution degree of the heating surface is increased along with the operation time of the boiler, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is 20-30 ℃ higher than the general design temperature. Too high a temperature of the exhaust fumes leads to more energy consumption, which is undoubtedly a huge loss.
The cold source loss of steam turbine is the great item of another calorific loss in the thermal power factory, even if to the most advanced 1000MW ultra supercritical unit in the world at present, the cold junction loss also accounts for more than 50% of whole soda circulation heat. It can be seen that the energy losses in the power plant itself are very severe, and there is a large amount of energy that is not fully utilized.
The energy utilization modes adopted at present mainly comprise: the circulation efficiency is improved by means of improving steam parameters, adopting secondary reheating and the like, and the cold end loss in the system operation process is reduced. But the improvement of the cycle efficiency is limited due to the technical level itself and the limitation of materials, investment and environmental temperature. If the lost heat can be effectively recycled, great contribution is made to energy conservation and emission reduction of the whole society.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system, which at least solves the problems that the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler of the existing coal-fired power plant is too high, the waste heat of a tail flue cannot be fully utilized, and high-grade heat energy in a steam turbine needs to be led out in the heat supply process to heat the circulating water for heat supply, so that high-grade energy is wasted, the cold source loss of the steam turbine is serious, and the energy waste is large.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system comprises a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a steam turbine power generation system, a condensate water heat recovery system and a heating system;
the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system comprises a flue gas-water heat exchanger and a waste heat recycling device, wherein the flue gas-water heat exchanger is arranged in a boiler flue;
the steam turbine power generation system comprises an intermediate pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder which are communicated with each other, the low pressure cylinder is communicated with the condensed water heat recovery system through a first pipeline, a condensing device is arranged on the first pipeline, and steam in the low pressure cylinder enters the condensed water heat recovery system after being condensed through the condensing device during non-heating; the middle pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are also respectively communicated with a heating system, and steam in the low pressure cylinder enters the heating system to be used as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network during heating; the steam in the intermediate pressure cylinder also enters the heating system to be used as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network during power generation and high-load heating;
the condensate water regenerative system is used for reheating condensate water obtained after heat release of steam serving as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network and/or condensate water obtained after condensation of the condensing device, increasing the water supply temperature of the boiler and returning the boiler water supply temperature to the boiler economizer;
the heating system is used for providing heat for a user side, and when power generation and high-load heating are carried out, the steam outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the smoke-water heat exchanger are both communicated with the heating system and used for providing a high-temperature driving heat source for heating circulating water of a heat supply network in the heating system; and during heating, the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the heating system and is used for providing a low-temperature heat source for heating circulating water of a heat supply network to the heating system.
In the above machine-furnace-coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder and the hot water from the smoke-water heat exchanger are firstly converged and mixed and then are conveyed to the heating system to be used as a high-temperature heat source of the circulating water of the heating network in the heating system.
In the machine-furnace coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the number of the flue gas-water heat exchangers is two, the boiler flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises an air preheater, a first flue gas-water heat exchanger, a dust remover and a second flue gas-water heat exchanger which are arranged in a boiler flue and are sequentially communicated, and flue gas from a boiler sequentially passes through the air preheater, the first flue gas-water heat exchanger, the dust remover and the second flue gas-water heat exchanger and then enters a desulfurization device to treat tail gas of the boiler flue gas;
preferably, the intermediate pressure cylinder and the first smoke and water heat exchanger are both communicated with the heating system, and steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder and hot water from the first smoke and water heat exchanger are gathered and mixed firstly and then are conveyed to the heating system to be used as a high-temperature heat source of circulating water of a heating network in the heating system;
preferably, the condensed water regenerative system comprises a plurality of low-pressure regenerative heaters, deaerators, water feeding pumps and high-pressure regenerative heaters which are sequentially communicated and arranged on a regenerative main pipeline, an output end of the first pipeline is communicated with a condensed water input end of the low-pressure regenerative heaters, a condensed water output end of the high-pressure regenerative heaters is communicated with an economizer, and part of the low-pressure regenerative heaters are connected with the second flue-water heat exchanger in parallel and used for conveying part of condensed water into the second flue-water heat exchanger for heating and then conveying the heated condensed water onto the regenerative main pipeline; and part of the low-pressure regenerative heater is connected with the first smoke-water heat exchanger in parallel and is used for conveying part of condensed water to the first smoke-water heat exchanger for heating, and then conveying the heated condensed water to the main regenerative pipeline.
In the above machine-furnace-coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the heating system includes a heat storage tank, and heated heat supply network circulating water is supplied to a user side or the heat storage tank;
preferably, the heating system further comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger, a heat supply network heater and an absorption heat pump, wherein steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder is mixed with circulating water of the first smoke and water heat exchanger to form a first communication point, a mixed heat source input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is communicated with the first communication point, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is communicated with a mixed heat source input end of the absorption heat pump, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the absorption heat pump is respectively communicated with a mixed water input end of the first smoke and water heat exchanger and a heat supply network circulating water pipeline, and the high-temperature heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between a high-temperature steam-water mixture and heat supply network circulating water;
the heat source input end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the low-pressure cylinder through a first branch pipe, steam in the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a first pipeline at the outlet of the condensing device at the heat source output end of the heat supply network heater and used for conveying the steam heat source after heat release in the heat supply network heater to a condensed water regenerative system, the heat supply network circulating water input end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the output end of the heat supply network circulating water pipeline, and the heat supply network heater is used for heating heat supply network circulating water;
the heat supply network circulating water output end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the heat supply network circulating water input end of the absorption heat pump, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the absorption heat pump is communicated with the heat supply network circulating water input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is respectively connected into the heat storage tank and the user side through a heat supply main pipe, and the 8 th valve and the 7 th valve respectively control the heat supply network circulating water entering the heat storage tank and the user side;
preferably, a 5 th valve is arranged on a pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder and the first communication point, a 6 th valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first smoke-water heat exchanger and the first communication point, and the 5 th valve and the 6 th valve are opened in a power generation high-load period.
In the above machine-furnace coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam heat source input end of the absorption heat pump through a second branch pipe, and the cooling steam heat source output end of the absorption heat pump is connected with the first pipeline at the outlet of the condensing device, and is used for conveying the steam heat source which releases heat in the absorption heat pump to the condensed water heat recovery system; the steam in the low-pressure cylinder is used as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump; a 4 th valve is arranged on the second branch pipe, and the 4 th valve is opened in the power generation high-load heating period;
preferably, the condensed water is mixed with the water in the first branch pipe and then enters the first pipeline;
preferably, the condensing device is an air condenser;
preferably, a condensate pump is further arranged on the first pipeline, and the condensate pump is used for conveying the cooled steam of the steam turbine to a condensate heat recovery system.
Preferably, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the heat supply main pipe through a heat supply branch pipe, and a 9 th valve is arranged on the heat supply branch pipe; the heat storage tank is communicated with a user side, the 10 th valve controls the input quantity of the heat storage tank to the user side, and the 9 th valve and the 10 th valve are opened in the power generation low-load period and the heat supply period.
In the machine-furnace coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the heat storage tank and the heat supply network circulating water output end of the user side are both connected into a heat supply network circulating water pipeline;
in the power generation high-load heat supply period, the heat supply network circulating water is heated by the heat supply network heater, the absorption heat pump and the high-temperature heat exchanger in sequence and then enters the heat storage tank or the user side; in the heat supply high load period, heated water enters a user end, in the heat supply low load period, one part of the heated water enters the user end for use, and the other part of the heated water enters the heat storage tank for storage;
in the power generation low-load heat supply period, the heat supply network circulating water passes through the heat supply network heater and then enters the heat storage tank through the heat supply branch pipe and the heat supply main pipe, and is supplied to a user side in the heat storage tank for use.
In the above-mentioned machine-furnace coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, the low-pressure regenerative heaters include four low-pressure regenerative heaters, which are respectively a # 8 low-pressure regenerative heater, a # 7 low-pressure regenerative heater, a # 6 low-pressure regenerative heater, and a # 5 low-pressure regenerative heater along the water flow direction in the main regenerative pipe, a second pipeline is arranged at the condensed water input end of the 8# low-pressure regenerative heater on the main regenerative pipeline, a third pipeline is arranged at the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater on the main regenerative pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are converged to form a second communication point, the condensed water input end of the second smoke and water heat exchanger is connected with a second communication point, and the condensed water output end of the second smoke and water heat exchanger is connected to the main regenerative pipe in front of the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater and used for absorbing the waste heat of the boiler flue gas;
preferably, the temperature of the condensate after mixing of the second and third conduits is higher than 70 ℃.
In the machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, a fourth pipeline is arranged between the condensed water output end of the No. 6 low-pressure regenerative heater on the regenerative main pipeline and the first smoke-water heat exchanger, the condensed water input end of the first smoke-water heat exchanger is communicated with the output end of the fourth pipeline, and the condensed water output end of the first smoke-water heat exchanger is connected to the regenerative main pipeline in front of the condensed water output end of the No. 5 low-pressure regenerative heater and used for absorbing the waste heat of the boiler flue gas.
In the above-mentioned boiler-coupled heating waste heat utilization system, preferably, a 2 nd valve is disposed on a first pipeline between the low pressure cylinder and the air condenser, and the 2 nd valve is opened in a non-heating period.
In the above engine-boiler coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system, preferably, a 1 st valve is arranged on a pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder, and the 1 st valve controls the steam quantity of the intermediate pressure cylinder entering the low pressure cylinder.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
the machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system solves the problems that the utilization of electricity by heat and the utilization of electricity by heat have influence on the coal saving amount and the economic benefit of a power plant, cause energy waste and are not beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection, and has the following excellent effects:
the absorption heat pump fully utilizes the heat energy of the low-grade steam as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, so that the waste of the low-grade heat energy is reduced.
The heat storage tank is used for storing the excess heat energy in the high load period of power generation, the problem of contradiction between electricity determination by heat and heat determination by electricity is solved, and the effect of thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
Install first cigarette water heat exchanger additional, utilize circulating water in the first cigarette water heat exchanger and intermediate pressure jar to bleed and mix and heat the heating network circulating water, crowd partial intermediate pressure jar of row and bleed, saved high-grade heat energy and done work. The smoke-water heat exchanger (first smoke-water heat exchanger and second smoke-water heat exchanger), the backheat heater (low pressure backheat heater and high pressure backheat heater), the nimble connected mode between the heat supply high temperature heat exchanger, make boiler afterbody flue gas waste heat can both be in the best recycle state under the load of difference, simultaneously, the high-grade heat energy in the steam turbine intermediate pressure jar is by abundant utilization, entire system boiler reaches the best coupling state with the steam turbine.
First cigarette water heat exchanger all adopts countercurrent flow heat exchange to arrange with second cigarette water heat exchanger, and inside flue gas channel face installs wear prevention device additional, avoids the many wearing and tearing that cause of dust content in the flue gas, influences the life of heat exchanger, and wherein microthermal second cigarette water heat exchanger adopts corrosion-resistant material, avoids the corruption of acid material.
The condensate water with the temperature higher than 70 ℃ after the inlet of the 8# low-pressure heater and the outlet of the 7# low-pressure heater are mixed enters the second smoke-water heat exchanger, the temperature requirement of the condensate water at the inlet of the second smoke-water heat exchanger is met, and the service life of the heat exchanger is guaranteed.
By additionally arranging the smoke-water heat exchanger, the smoke exhaust heat loss of the boiler is reduced, and the water supplement amount of the desulfurization system is correspondingly reduced due to the fact that the temperature of the smoke at the inlet of the absorption tower of the desulfurization system is reduced. The annual water saving of a single unit is about 40 ten thousand tons, and according to the preliminary estimation, the boiler saves the coal consumption of power generation by about 1.28 g/kwh. In addition, the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the absorption tower is reduced from 123.9 ℃ to 85 ℃, the process water consumption of the flue gas desulfurization device is reduced from 150t/h to 110t/h (each furnace), and the method has profound significance in water-deficient areas.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a boiler-coupled heating waste heat utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a boiler; 2. an intermediate pressure cylinder; 3. a low pressure cylinder; 4. a generator; 5. an air-cooled condenser; 6. a condensate pump; 7. an absorption heat pump; 8. a high temperature heat exchanger; 9. a heat supply network heater; 10. a user side; 11. a heat storage tank; 12. a first flue gas-water heat exchanger; 13. a dust remover; 14. a second flue gas-water heat exchanger; 15. 8# low-pressure regenerative heater; 16. 7# low-pressure regenerative heater; 17. 6# low-pressure regenerative heater; 18. 5# low-pressure regenerative heater; 19. a deaerator; 20. a feed pump; 21. a high pressure regenerative heater; 22. an air preheater; 23. a first conduit; 24. a second conduit; 25. a third pipeline; 26. a fourth conduit; 27. a heat supply branch pipe; 28. a heat supply main pipe; 29. a main heat return pipeline; 30. a first branch pipe; 31. a second branch pipe; 32. a heat supply network circulating water pipeline;
1.1, the 1 st valve; 1.2, the 2 nd valve; 1.3, 3 rd valve; 1.4, 4 th valve; 1.5, 5 th valve; 1.6, 6 th valve; 1.7, 7 th valve; 1.8, 8 th valve; 1.9, 9 th valve; 1.10, 10 th valve; 1.11, 11 th valve; 1.12, 12 th valve; 1.13, 13 th valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a machine-furnace coupled heat supply waste heat utilization system is provided, which utilizes steam of a steam turbine and flue gas of a boiler to couple and supply heat, so as to achieve full utilization of waste heat, and solve the problems that the exhaust gas temperature of a coal-fired power plant boiler is too high, the waste heat of a tail flue cannot be fully utilized, and meanwhile, high-grade heat energy of a pressure cylinder in the steam turbine needs to be led out to heat circulating water of a heat supply network in the heat supply process, so as to cause waste of high-; the cold source loss of the steam turbine is reduced, and the problems that the electricity is fixed by heat and the electricity is fixed by heat, so that the coal saving amount and the economic benefit of a power plant are influenced, the energy is wasted, and the energy is not beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection are solved. The system of the invention can adopt different coupling heating paths during different power generation loads and heating loads, so that the heat source is fully utilized, and the boiler and the steam turbine reach the optimal coupling state.
The system comprises a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a steam turbine power generation system, a condensate water heat recovery system and a heating system;
the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system is arranged in a boiler flue and mainly fully utilizes waste heat of boiler exhaust flue gas, the flue gas waste heat recycling system comprises a flue gas-water heat exchanger, the boiler exhaust flue gas can directly enter the flue gas-water heat exchanger or enter the flue gas-water heat exchanger through other heat exchange equipment (such as an air preheater 22), and the flue gas exchanges heat with water in the flue gas-water heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system includes an air preheater 22, a first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12, a dust remover 13, and a second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14, which are sequentially communicated, and flue gas from the boiler 1 sequentially passes through the air preheater 22, the first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12, the dust remover 13, and the second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14 and then enters a desulfurization device to perform flue gas tail gas treatment on the boiler 1.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12 and the second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14 are both arranged in a countercurrent heat exchange manner, and an anti-wear device (a device for preventing particles from being damaged by friction due to dust particles at a portion where the interior of the heat exchanger contacts flue gas) is additionally installed inside the heat exchangers, wherein the low-temperature second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14 is made of a corrosion-resistant material, so as to prevent corrosion of equipment caused by sulfuric acid easily generated by reaction between water and sulfide generated from flue gas in a low-temperature state.
The steam turbine power generation system mainly comprises structural units which can provide hot steam in the steam turbine, such as a high-pressure cylinder, an intermediate-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, but in order to avoid waste of high-quality heat sources in the steam turbine, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam turbine power generation system comprises the intermediate-pressure cylinder 2 and the low-pressure cylinder 3 which are communicated with each other, and steam exhausted or extracted from the intermediate-pressure rod 2 and/or the low-pressure cylinder 3 is waste heat from the steam turbine utilized in the system.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam turbine power generation system includes an intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and a low pressure cylinder 3 communicating with each other, and the low pressure cylinder 3 is connected to a generator 4 for causing the generator to generate power. The low-pressure cylinder 3 is communicated with a condensed water regenerative system through a first pipeline 23, a condensing device is arranged on the first pipeline 23, and steam (or called dead steam) in the low-pressure cylinder 3 enters the condensed water regenerative system after being condensed by the condensing device during non-heating; the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the low pressure cylinder 3 are also respectively communicated with a heating system, and steam in the low pressure cylinder 3 enters the heating system during heating; the steam in the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 also enters the heating system during power generation and high load heating.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, a 1 st valve 1.1 is arranged on a steam transmission pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the low pressure cylinder 3, and the 1 st valve 1.1 controls the steam quantity of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 entering the low pressure cylinder 3.
The condensed water regenerative system mainly heats the condensed steam turbine steam (hereinafter referred to as condensed water or boiler feed water) again to make the steam turbine steam meet the boiler water demand and return the steam turbine steam to the boiler economizer, the condensed water regenerative system comprises a low-pressure regenerative heater, a deaerator 19, a water feed pump 20 and a high-pressure regenerative heater 21 which are sequentially communicated and arranged on a regenerative main pipeline 29, the output end of a first pipeline 23 is communicated with the input end of the low-pressure regenerative heater, and the output end of the high-pressure regenerative heater 21 is communicated with the economizer;
in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the condensed water from the first pipeline 23 is primarily reheated by the smoke water heat exchanger of the smoke waste heat recycling system in addition to the low-pressure regenerative heater, so as to save the heat source in the low-pressure regenerative heater and improve the smoke waste heat utilization; the heat source for # 6 low pressure regenerator 17, # 7 low pressure regenerator 16, and # 8 low pressure regenerator 15 is typically the extraction from low pressure cylinder 3, and the heat source for # 5 low pressure regenerator 18 is typically the extraction from intermediate pressure cylinder 2. Specifically, a first circulation pipeline is arranged between the low-pressure regenerative heater and the second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14, and a second circulation pipeline is further arranged between the low-pressure regenerative heater and the first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12, and is used for flue gas-water heat exchange to improve flue gas waste heat utilization.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure regenerative heaters 21 include three, which are respectively a # 1 high-pressure regenerative heater, a # 2 high-pressure regenerative heater, and a # 3 high-pressure regenerative heater (only one high-pressure regenerative heater 21 is shown in fig. 1); the low-pressure regenerative heaters comprise four low-pressure regenerative heaters, namely an 8# low-pressure regenerative heater 15, a 7# low-pressure regenerative heater 16, a 6# low-pressure regenerative heater 17 and a 5# low-pressure regenerative heater 18 in sequence along the flow direction of condensed water in a main regenerative pipe 29, a second pipeline 24 is arranged at the condensed water input end of the 8# low-pressure regenerative heater 15, a third pipeline 25 is arranged at the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater 16, the second pipeline 24 and the third pipeline 25 are converged to form a second communication point, the condensed water input end of the second smoke-water heat exchanger 14 is connected with the second communication point, the condensed water output end of the second smoke-water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the main regenerative pipe 29 in front of the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater 16 (also referred to as the position close to the condensed water input end of the 6# low-pressure regenerative heater 17), part of the condensed water from the first pipeline 23, part of condensed water output from the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater 16 is introduced into the third pipeline 25, collected at a second communication point and then jointly conveyed to the second flue gas heat exchanger 14, heated by flue gas and returned to the main regenerative pipeline 29 close to the condensed water input end of the 6# low-pressure regenerative heater 17, and flows forward together with circulating water (condensed water) on the main regenerative pipeline 29, and a first circulating pipeline is formed among the 8# low-pressure regenerative heater 15, the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater 16 and the second flue gas heat exchanger 14 and is used for absorbing the waste heat of the flue gas of the boiler 1. Preferably, the temperature of the condensate water mixed by the second pipeline 24 and the third pipeline 25 is higher than 70 ℃, and the mixed condensate water enters the second smoke and water heat exchanger 14, so that the requirement of the temperature of the condensate water at the inlet of the second smoke and water heat exchanger 14 is met, and the service life of the heat exchanger is ensured.
A fourth pipeline 26 is arranged between the condensed water output end of the 6# low-pressure regenerative heater 17 and the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12, the condensed water input end of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the output end of the fourth pipeline 26, the condensed water output end of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 is connected to a regenerative main pipeline 29 in front of the condensed water output end of the 5# low-pressure regenerative heater 18, and a second circulating pipeline is formed between the 5# low-pressure regenerative heater 18 and the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 and used for absorbing the waste heat of the smoke of the boiler 1. Part of water output from the condensed water output end of the No. 6 low-pressure regenerative heater 17 is introduced into the fourth pipeline 26, heated by the flue gas of the first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12 and then returned to the main regenerative pipeline 29 in front of the condensed water output end of the No. 5 low-pressure regenerative heater 18, mixed with the water output from the condensed water output end of the No. 5 low-pressure regenerative heater 18 in the main regenerative pipeline 29 and conveyed to the deaerator 19.
The heating system is communicated with the steam turbine heat source providing system, and the steam turbine heat source is utilized to heat the circulating water of the heat supply network, so that the heating of a user is realized. In the high load period and the heat supply period of power generation, the heating system is also communicated with a smoke-water heat exchanger of a boiler smoke waste heat recycling system, and water heated by smoke output from the smoke-water heat exchanger is used for heating circulating water of a heat supply network, so that the heating and/or heat supply of a user can be reserved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12 are both in communication with a heating system for providing a high temperature driving heat source (i.e. steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder and water heated by flue gas from the first flue gas-water heat exchanger), the low pressure cylinder 3 is in communication with the heating system for providing a low temperature heat source, and the high temperature driving heat source drives the absorption heat pump 7 to recover heat of the low temperature heat source for heating the heat supply network circulating water (the dotted line in fig. 1 shows the path through which the heat supply network circulating water passes), and supply the heat supply to the user terminal 10 or the heat storage tank 11 of the heating system. When the system is in a power generation high-load heat supply low-load period, one part of heat energy is supplied to a user, the other part of redundant heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank 11, when the system is in the power generation low-load period for heat supply, the heat supply network circulating water firstly enters the heat storage tank 11 for heating and then is supplied to the user side 10, the heat supply use of the user side 10 is ensured, meanwhile, high-grade heat source heat supply heating circulating water in the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 is reduced to the maximum degree, and the energy waste is reduced. Circulating water of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 is mixed with the exhaust air of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 to heat circulating water of the heat supply network, and part of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 is exhausted to exhaust steam, so that high-grade heat energy is saved to do work.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the heating system comprises a heat storage tank 11, a high-temperature heat exchanger 8, a heat supply network heater 9 and an absorption heat pump 7, steam of an intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and circulating water of a first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 are mixed to form a first communication point, a mixed heat source input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 is communicated with the first communication point, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a mixed heat source input end of the absorption heat pump 7, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the absorption heat pump 7 is respectively communicated with a mixed water input end (used for inputting mixed water after heat release in the high-temperature heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump) of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 and a heat supply network circulating water pipeline 32, and the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 is used for heat exchange of a high-temperature steam-. The high-temperature steam and water mixed by the steam in the first smoke and water heat exchanger 12 and the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 form circulation through the high-temperature heat exchanger 8, the absorption heat pump 7 and the first smoke and water heat exchanger 12, wherein the water amount entering the first smoke and water heat exchanger 12 is determined according to the service condition of the heat exchangers, and the rest part enters the heat supply network circulating water pipeline 32.
Preferably, a 5 th valve 1.5 is arranged on a pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the first communication point, a 6 th valve 1.6 is arranged on a pipeline between the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 and the first communication point, the 5 th valve 1.5 and the 6 th valve 1.6 control the steam exhaust of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the hot water quantity of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12, and the 5 th valve 1.5 and the 6 th valve 1.6 are opened in a power generation high-load period, namely, a high-temperature driving heat source is opened only in a power generation high-load heat supply period and is closed in a power generation low-load period. During heating, circulating water in the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 is extracted, and exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 is extruded, so that more high-grade heat energy continues to work to generate power.
The heat source input end of the heat supply network heater 9 is communicated with the low-pressure cylinder 3 through a first branch pipe 30, steam in the low-pressure cylinder 3 is used as a heat source for circulating water of the heat supply network in the heat supply network heater 9, the temperature-reducing heat source output end of the heat supply network heater 9 is connected with a first pipeline 23 at the outlet of the condensing device, the steam which is released in the heat supply network heater 9 and comes from the low-pressure cylinder 3 is conveyed to the first pipeline 23 and conveyed to the condensed water heat recovery system through the first pipeline 23, the heat supply network circulating water input end of the heat supply network heater 9 is also communicated with the output port of a heat supply network circulating water pipeline 32, the heat supply network heater 9 heats circulating water of the heat supply network by using the steam in the low-pressure cylinder 3, the heated circulating water of the heat supply network sequentially enters the heat storage tank 11 through the heat supply branch pipe 27 and the heat supply main pipe 28 in the power generation low-load, and further sent to the high temperature heat exchanger 8 for heating, and then sent out of the high temperature heat exchanger 8 to the heat supply main 28 for supplying to the user or sent to the heat storage tank 11. The circulating cold water output by the user or the heat storage tank 11 is converged into the heat supply network circulating water pipe 32, and flows into the heat supply network heater 9 to be heated.
A heat supply network circulating water output end of the heat supply network heater 9 is communicated with a heat supply network circulating water input end of the absorption heat pump 7, a heat supply network circulating water output end of the absorption heat pump 7 is communicated with a heat supply network circulating water input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 8, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 is respectively connected to the heat storage tank 11 and the user side 10 through a heat supply main pipe 28, and the heat supply network circulating water entering the heat storage tank 11 and the user side 10 is respectively controlled by an 8 th valve 1.8 and a 7 th valve 1.7; the absorption heat pump 7 heats the circulating water of the heat supply network.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the low-pressure cylinder 3 is communicated with the steam heat source input end of the absorption heat pump 7 through the second branch pipe 31, the cooling steam heat source output end of the absorption heat pump 7 is connected with the first pipeline 23 positioned at the outlet part of the condensing device, steam in the low-pressure cylinder 3 is used as the low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump 7, condensed water discharged from the cooling steam heat source output end of the absorption heat pump 7 is mixed with water in the first branch pipe 30 (namely, water discharged from the cooling heat source output end of the heat network heater 9) and then enters the first pipeline 23 and then flows into the back-heating main pipeline 29; the second branch pipe 31 is provided with a 4 th valve 1.4, and the 4 th valve 1.4 is opened in the power generation high-load heating period; namely, the low-temperature heat source is opened only in the high-load heating period of power generation, and is closed in the low-load power generation, namely, the 4 th valve 1.4, the 5 th valve 1.5 and the 6 th valve 1.6 are opened or closed simultaneously.
Preferably, the condensing means is an air condenser 5; still preferably, a condensate pump 6 is further disposed on the first pipeline 23, the condensate pump 6 is disposed behind a mixing point of the output water in the first branch pipe 30 and the second branch pipe 31, and the condensate pump 6 is configured to deliver the condensate or the cooling water to the regenerative system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the 2 nd valve 1.2 is arranged on the first pipeline 23 between the low-pressure cylinder 3 and the air condenser 5, and the 2 nd valve 1.2 is opened in the non-heating period.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the heat supply network circulating water is communicated with a heat supply main pipe 28 at the heat supply network circulating water output end of a heat supply network heater 9 through a heat supply branch pipe 27, and a 9 th valve 1.9 is arranged on the heat supply branch pipe 27; the heat storage tank 11 is communicated with the user terminal 10, the 10 th valve 1.10 controls the input quantity of the heat storage tank 11 to the user terminal 10, and the 9 th valve 1.9 and the 10 th valve 1.10 are opened in the power generation low load period and the heat supply period.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage tank 11 and the heat supply network circulating water output end of the user terminal 10 are both connected to the heat supply network circulating water pipeline 32.
In the power generation high-load heat supply period, the heat supply network circulating water is heated by the heat supply network heater 9, the absorption heat pump 7 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 in sequence and then enters the heat storage tank 11 or the user side 10; in the high-load heating period, the heated water enters the user terminal 10, in the low-load heating period, one part of the heated water enters the user terminal 10 for use, and the other part of the heated water enters the heat storage tank 11 for storage.
In the power generation low-load heating period, the heat supply network circulating water passes through the heat supply network heater 9, then enters the heat storage tank 11 through the heat supply branch pipe 27 and the heat supply main pipe 28, and is supplied to the user terminal 10 from the heat storage tank 11 for use.
The specific use process of the machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system is as follows:
the exhaust steam of the low pressure cylinder 3 of the steam turbine is divided into three paths, one path of the exhaust steam enters a condensate pump 6 after being cooled by an air condenser 5 and is controlled by a 2 nd valve 1.2, and the valve is opened when the heat is not supplied. One path of the heat enters the absorption heat pump 7 to be used as a low-temperature heat source, passes through the absorption heat pump 7, releases heat, returns to the outlet of the air-cooled condenser, is controlled by a fourth valve, and is opened when power generation and high load heat supply are carried out. One path of the water enters a heating network heater 9 and then returns to the outlet of the air cooling condenser; the 3 rd valve 1.3 is used for controlling and opening during heat supply, and the three paths of condensed water are all conveyed to a condensed water regenerative system through a condensed water pump 6.
The high-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump 7 consists of two parts, wherein one part is steam extraction of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 2, the other part is circulating water in the first smoke and water heat exchanger 12, the mixed high-temperature steam and water enters the absorption heat pump 7 as a driving heat source after being heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 8, after heat release of the absorption heat pump 7, one part returns to the first smoke and water heat exchanger 12, and the other part returns to heat supply network backwater, namely the heat supply network circulating water pipeline 32. The 5 th valve 1.5 and the 6 th valve 1.6 control the steam exhaust of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 and the hot water quantity of the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12, so that the circulating water of the heat supply network meets the supply requirement. The 5 th valve 1.5 and the 6 th valve 1.6 are opened in the heating period when the power generation is in a high load state, and are closed in a low load state. During heating, circulating water in the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 is extracted, and exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder 2 is extruded, so that more high-grade heat energy continues to work to generate power.
When the system is in a power generation high-load heat supply high-load state, the return water of the heat supply network enters the absorption heat pump 7 for continuous heating after being heated by the heat supply network heater 9, the return water of the heat supply network enters the high-temperature heater after coming out of the absorption heat pump 7, the return water of the heat supply network is heated to the required temperature for use by a heat supply user, the 7 th valve 1.7 is opened, the 8 th valve 1.8 and the 10 th valve 1.10 are closed, and the return water of the heat supply network returns to the heat supply network heater 9 for continuous heating after coming out.
When the system is in high load power generation and heat supply low load, the return water of the heat supply network enters the absorption heat pump 7 for continuous heating after being heated by the heat supply network heater 9, the return water of the heat supply network enters the high-temperature heater after exiting from the absorption heat pump 7 to heat the water of the heat supply network to the required temperature for use by a heat supply user, the 7 th valve 1.7 is opened, the 8 th valve 1.8 is opened, the 10 th valve 1.10 is closed, and the return water of the heat supply network returns to the heat supply network heater 9 for continuous heating after exiting from the heat supply user.
When the system is in power generation and low-load heat supply, the 3 rd valve 1.3, the 8 th valve 1.8, the 9 th valve 1.9 and the 10 th valve 1.10 are opened, the 2 nd valve 1.2, the 5 th valve 1.5, the 6 th valve 1.6 and the 7 th valve 1.7 of the valves are all closed, the heat supply network circulating water directly enters the heat storage tank 11 for heating through the heat supply network heater 9 without passing through the absorption heat pump 7 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 8, and the heat supply network circulating water is discharged from the heat storage tank 11 and supplied to a heat user, and returns to the heat supply network heater 9 for circular heating after the heat user releases heat.
When the system is in power generation low-load non-heating, only the 2 nd valve 1.2 is opened, and other valves of the heating system are closed.
The condensed water enters the low-pressure regenerative heater No. 8, No. 7, No. 6, No. 5 through the condensed water pump 6, the condensed water at the inlet of the No. 8 low-pressure regenerative heater 15 and the condensed water at the outlet of the No. 7 low-pressure regenerative heater 16 are extracted, the 11 th valve 1.11 and the 12 th valve 1.12 are used for jointly controlling the condensed water and the condensed water, so that the condensed water is ensured to be higher than 70 ℃ after being mixed and then enters the second smoke and water heat exchanger 14, the requirement of the condensed water at the inlet of the second smoke and water heat exchanger 14 is met, and the service life of the heat exchanger is ensured. And the condensed water enters the second smoke-water heat exchanger 14 for heating, and the heated condensed water enters the inlet of the No. 6 low-pressure regenerative heater 17.
Condensed water at the inlet of the 5# low-pressure regenerative heater 18 is extracted to enter the first smoke-water heat exchanger 12 (the extracted content is determined according to the load of the boiler 1, the boiler 1 is more highly loaded and is extracted a little), the 13 th valve 1.13 is opened, the condensed water returns to the outlet of the 5# low-pressure regenerative heater 18 after being heated, is mixed with main condensed water to enter a deaerator 19 and a water feeding pump 20, and then enters the high-pressure regenerative heater 21 to return to the economizer.
A rotary air preheater 22, a first flue gas-water heat exchanger 12, a dust remover 13 and a second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14 are sequentially arranged in a flue of the boiler 1, and flue gas enters a desulfurization device after passing through the second flue gas-water heat exchanger 14 to recycle waste heat of the flue gas of the boiler 1. The boiler 1 flue gas waste heat recycling system, the condensate water heat returning system and the steam turbine power generation system are always in operation.
In summary, the machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system of the present invention has the following excellent effects:
the absorption heat pump fully utilizes the heat energy of the low-grade steam as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, so that the waste of the low-grade heat energy is reduced.
The heat storage tank is used for storing the excess heat energy in the high load period of power generation, the problem of contradiction between electricity determination by heat and heat determination by electricity is solved, and the effect of thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
Circulating water in the first smoke-water heat exchanger and intermediate pressure cylinder air exhaust are mixed to heat supply network circulating water, and part of the intermediate pressure cylinder is exhausted, so that high-grade heat energy is saved to do work. The smoke-water heat exchanger (first smoke-water heat exchanger and second smoke-water heat exchanger), the backheat heater (low pressure backheat heater and high pressure backheat heater), the nimble connected mode between the heat supply high temperature heat exchanger, make boiler afterbody flue gas waste heat can both be in the best recycle state under the load of difference, simultaneously, the high-grade heat energy in the steam turbine intermediate pressure jar is by abundant utilization, entire system boiler reaches the best coupling state with the steam turbine.
First cigarette water heat exchanger all adopts countercurrent flow heat exchange to arrange with second cigarette water heat exchanger, and inside flue gas channel face installs wear prevention device additional, avoids the many wearing and tearing that cause of dust content in the flue gas, influences the life of heat exchanger, and wherein microthermal second cigarette water heat exchanger adopts corrosion-resistant material, avoids the corruption of acid material.
The condensate water with the temperature higher than 70 ℃ after the inlet of the 8# low-pressure heater and the outlet of the 7# low-pressure heater are mixed enters the second smoke-water heat exchanger, the requirement of the inlet condensate water temperature of the second smoke-water heat exchanger is met, and the service life of the heat exchanger is guaranteed.
By additionally arranging the smoke-water heat exchanger, the smoke exhaust heat loss of the boiler is reduced, and the water supplement amount of the desulfurization system is correspondingly reduced due to the fact that the temperature of the smoke at the inlet of the absorption tower of the desulfurization system is reduced. The annual water saving of a single unit is about 40 ten thousand tons, and according to the preliminary estimation, the boiler saves the coal consumption of power generation by about 1.28 g/kwh. In addition, the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the absorption tower is reduced from 123.9 ℃ to 85 ℃, the process water consumption of the flue gas desulfurization device is reduced from 150t/h to 110t/h (each furnace), and the method has profound significance in water-deficient areas.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system is characterized by comprising a boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system, a steam turbine power generation system, a condensate water heat recovery system and a heating system;
the boiler flue gas waste heat recycling system comprises a flue gas-water heat exchanger and a waste heat recycling device, wherein the flue gas-water heat exchanger is arranged in a boiler flue;
the steam turbine power generation system comprises an intermediate pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder which are communicated with each other, the low pressure cylinder is communicated with the condensed water heat recovery system through a first pipeline, a condensing device is arranged on the first pipeline, and steam in the low pressure cylinder enters the condensed water heat recovery system after being condensed through the condensing device during non-heating; the middle pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder are also respectively communicated with a heating system, and steam in the low pressure cylinder enters the heating system to be used as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network during heating; the steam in the intermediate pressure cylinder also enters the heating system to be used as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network during power generation and high-load heating;
the condensate water regenerative system is used for reheating condensate water obtained after heat release of steam serving as a circulating water heat source of a heat supply network and/or condensate water obtained after condensation of the condensing device, raising the water supply temperature of the boiler and returning the boiler to the boiler economizer;
the heating system is used for providing heat for a user side, and when power generation and high-load heating are carried out, the steam outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the smoke-water heat exchanger are both communicated with the heating system and used for providing a high-temperature driving heat source for heating circulating water of a heat supply network in the heating system; and during heating, the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the heating system and is used for providing a low-temperature heat source for heating circulating water of a heat supply network to the heating system.
2. The machine-furnace coupled heating waste heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein the steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder and the hot water from the flue-water heat exchanger are gathered and mixed before being delivered to the heating system to be used as a high-temperature heat source of the circulating water of the heating network in the heating system.
3. The machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system of claim 2, wherein the number of the flue gas-water heat exchangers is two, the boiler flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises an air preheater, a first flue gas-water heat exchanger, a dust remover and a second flue gas-water heat exchanger which are arranged in a boiler flue and are sequentially communicated, and flue gas from a boiler sequentially passes through the air preheater, the first flue gas-water heat exchanger, the dust remover and the second flue gas-water heat exchanger and then enters a desulfurization device to treat tail gas of the boiler flue gas;
preferably, the intermediate pressure cylinder and the first smoke and water heat exchanger are both communicated with the heating system, and steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder and hot water from the first smoke and water heat exchanger are gathered and mixed firstly and then are conveyed to the heating system to be used as a high-temperature heat source of circulating water of a heating network in the heating system;
preferably, the condensed water regenerative system comprises a plurality of low-pressure regenerative heaters, deaerators, water feeding pumps and high-pressure regenerative heaters which are sequentially communicated and arranged on a regenerative main pipeline, an output end of the first pipeline is communicated with a condensed water input end of the low-pressure regenerative heaters, a condensed water output end of the high-pressure regenerative heaters is communicated with an economizer, and part of the low-pressure regenerative heaters are connected with the second flue-water heat exchanger in parallel and used for conveying part of condensed water into the second flue-water heat exchanger for heating and then conveying the heated condensed water onto the regenerative main pipeline; and part of the low-pressure regenerative heater is connected with the first smoke-water heat exchanger in parallel and is used for conveying part of condensed water to the first smoke-water heat exchanger for heating, and then conveying the heated condensed water to the main regenerative pipeline.
4. The machine-furnace coupled heating waste heat utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating system comprises a heat storage tank, and heated circulating water of a heat supply network is supplied to a user side or the heat storage tank;
preferably, the heating system further comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger, a heat supply network heater and an absorption heat pump, wherein steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder is mixed with circulating water of the first smoke and water heat exchanger to form a first communication point, a mixed heat source input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is communicated with the first communication point, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is communicated with a mixed heat source input end of the absorption heat pump, a cooling mixed heat source output end of the absorption heat pump is respectively communicated with a mixed water input end of the first smoke and water heat exchanger and a heat supply network circulating water pipeline, and the high-temperature heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between a high-temperature steam-water mixture and heat supply network circulating water;
the heat source input end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the low-pressure cylinder through a first branch pipe, steam in the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a first pipeline at the outlet of the condensing device at the heat source output end of the heat supply network heater and used for conveying the steam heat source after heat release in the heat supply network heater to a condensed water regenerative system, the heat supply network circulating water input end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the output end of the heat supply network circulating water pipeline, and the heat supply network heater is used for heating heat supply network circulating water;
the heat supply network circulating water output end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the heat supply network circulating water input end of the absorption heat pump, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the absorption heat pump is communicated with the heat supply network circulating water input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is respectively connected into the heat storage tank and the user side through a heat supply main pipe, and the 8 th valve and the 7 th valve respectively control the heat supply network circulating water entering the heat storage tank and the user side;
preferably, a 5 th valve is arranged on a pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder and the first communication point, a 6 th valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first smoke-water heat exchanger and the first communication point, and the 5 th valve and the 6 th valve are opened in a power generation high-load period.
5. The machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system according to claim 4, wherein the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with a steam heat source input end of the absorption heat pump through a second branch pipe, and a cooling steam heat source output end of the absorption heat pump is connected with a first pipeline at an outlet of the condensing device and used for conveying a steam heat source which releases heat in the absorption heat pump to a condensed water heat recovery system; the steam in the low-pressure cylinder is used as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump; a 4 th valve is arranged on the second branch pipe, and the 4 th valve is opened in the power generation high-load heating period;
preferably, the condensed water is mixed with the water in the first branch pipe and then enters the first pipeline;
preferably, the condensing device is an air condenser;
preferably, a condensate pump is further arranged on the first pipeline, and the condensate pump is used for conveying the cooled steam of the steam turbine to a condensate heat recovery system;
preferably, the heat supply network circulating water output end of the heat supply network heater is communicated with the heat supply main pipe through a heat supply branch pipe, and a 9 th valve is arranged on the heat supply branch pipe; the heat storage tank is communicated with a user side, the 10 th valve controls the input quantity of the heat storage tank to the user side, and the 9 th valve and the 10 th valve are opened in the power generation low-load period and the heat supply period.
6. The machine-furnace coupled heating waste heat utilization system of claim 5, wherein the heat storage tank and the heat supply network circulating water output end of the user side are both connected into a heat supply network circulating water pipeline;
in the power generation high-load heat supply period, the heat supply network circulating water is heated by the heat supply network heater, the absorption heat pump and the high-temperature heat exchanger in sequence and then enters the heat storage tank or the user side; in the heat supply high load period, heated water enters a user end, in the heat supply low load period, one part of the heated water enters the user end for use, and the other part of the heated water enters the heat storage tank for storage;
in the power generation low-load heat supply period, the heat supply network circulating water passes through the heat supply network heater and then enters the heat storage tank through the heat supply branch pipe and the heat supply main pipe, and is supplied to a user side in the heat storage tank for use.
7. The machine furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the low-pressure regenerative heaters include four low-pressure regenerative heaters, which are sequentially an 8# low-pressure regenerative heater, a 7# low-pressure regenerative heater, a 6# low-pressure regenerative heater and a 5# low-pressure regenerative heater along the water flow direction in the main regenerative pipeline, a second pipeline is arranged at the condensed water input end of the 8# low-pressure regenerative heater on the main regenerative pipeline, a third pipeline is arranged at the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater on the main regenerative pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are converged to form a second communication point, the condensed water input end of the second smoke and water heat exchanger is connected with a second communication point, and the condensed water output end of the second smoke and water heat exchanger is connected to the main regenerative pipe in front of the condensed water output end of the 7# low-pressure regenerative heater and used for absorbing the waste heat of the boiler flue gas;
preferably, the temperature of the condensate after mixing of the second and third conduits is higher than 70 ℃.
8. The machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system according to claim 7, wherein a fourth pipeline is arranged between a condensed water output end of the No. 6 low-pressure regenerative heater on the main regenerative pipeline and the first flue-water heat exchanger, a condensed water input end of the first flue-water heat exchanger is communicated with an output end of the fourth pipeline, and a condensed water output end of the first flue-water heat exchanger is connected to the main regenerative pipeline in front of the condensed water output end of the No. 5 low-pressure regenerative heater for absorbing waste heat of boiler flue gas.
9. The machine-furnace-coupled heating waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a 2 nd valve is provided on a first pipe between the low pressure cylinder and the air condenser, the 2 nd valve being opened during a non-heating period.
10. The machine furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a 1 st valve is arranged on a pipeline between the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder, and the 1 st valve controls the steam quantity of the intermediate pressure cylinder entering the low pressure cylinder.
CN202010616638.3A 2020-06-30 Machine-furnace coupling heat supply waste heat utilization system Active CN111623402B (en)

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