CN111622214B - Novel house building pile foundation structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Novel house building pile foundation structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111622214B CN111622214B CN202010502819.3A CN202010502819A CN111622214B CN 111622214 B CN111622214 B CN 111622214B CN 202010502819 A CN202010502819 A CN 202010502819A CN 111622214 B CN111622214 B CN 111622214B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/66—Mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/665—Mould-pipes or other moulds for making piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0007—Production methods using a mold
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel building pile foundation structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the novel building pile foundation structure comprises the following steps: the steel casing protecting wall is arranged in the pile hole, and the reinforcing mechanism is arranged at the bottom expanding of the pile hole; the steel casing protecting wall is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of steel casings, the upper edge and the lower edge of each steel casing are respectively provided with a limiting groove and a limiting block, and two adjacent sections of steel casings are aligned and spliced through the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves on the opposite edges of the adjacent sections of steel casings and are connected through seam welding; the steel casing protecting wall extends from the pile hole opening to the top of the expanded bottom part in the pile hole; the reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing support piece and a supporting steel pipe, wherein the reinforcing support piece is fixed on the side wall which inclines outwards in the expanded bottom through a reinforcing rivet, one end of the supporting steel pipe is connected with the reinforcing support piece, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected with a steel bar head preset on the pile hole bottom to form a truss structure. The pile foundation structure can effectively improve the safety of the pile hole bottom expanding part in the construction process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, in particular to a novel building pile foundation structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
At present, the pile foundation of most building constructions is carried out by adopting a mode of manually digging a hole pile; the manual hole digging pile is a pile foundation which is formed by adopting a manual digging method to form a hole, then a steel reinforcement cage is arranged in the pile hole, concrete is poured and vibrated to form, the manhole hole digging pile is generally thicker in diameter, the thinnest is more than 800 mm, the manhole hole digging pile can bear a structural main body with fewer floors and higher pressure, and the manhole hole digging pile is widely applied to civil buildings.
In the prior art, when a manual hole digging pile is constructed, a circle of concrete retaining wall needs to be built in a pile hole every meter of digging, the pile is continuously dug downwards, however, each layer of retaining wall needs to be stopped for more than 12 hours after the completion of pouring, concrete hardening and forming are waited, in order to shorten the construction period, the construction is carried out by adopting a mode of prefabricating a retaining wall template, but the retaining wall template cannot effectively protect the bottom expanding part of the pile hole, and therefore potential safety hazards exist in bottom expanding construction of operating personnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a novel building pile foundation structure and a construction method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a novel building pile foundation structure is provided, including: the steel casing protecting wall is arranged in the pile hole, and the reinforcing mechanism is arranged at the bottom expanding of the pile hole;
the steel casing protecting wall is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of steel casings, the upper edge and the lower edge of each steel casing are respectively provided with a limiting groove and a limiting block, and two adjacent sections of steel casings are aligned and spliced through the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves on the opposite edges of the adjacent sections of steel casings and are connected through seam welding; the steel casing protecting wall extends from the pile hole opening to the top of the expanded bottom part in the pile hole;
the reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing support piece and a supporting steel pipe, wherein the reinforcing support piece is fixed on the side wall which inclines outwards in the expanded bottom through a reinforcing rivet, one end of the supporting steel pipe is connected with the reinforcing support piece, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected with a steel bar head preset on the pile hole bottom to form a truss structure.
Preferably, two adjacent steel casings are also connected through reinforcing steel bars.
Preferably, the steel casing is provided with reinforcing ribs.
Preferably, the reinforcing support is a wood rib or profiled steel sheet.
Preferably, the support steel pipes are also connected with the reinforcement cage.
In a second aspect, a construction method of a novel building pile foundation structure is provided, which includes:
s1, construction preparation, finishing the surface cleaning work of the construction site and leveling the site;
s2, determining the center of the pile hole, and setting a positioning line and a reference point;
s3, pouring a concrete fore shaft ring beam on the pile top;
s4 pile hole excavation, after the first pile hole excavation is finished, a crane is used for hoisting the first section of steel casing into the pile hole, and after the steel casing sinks to the designated height, a fixing steel pipe prepared in advance penetrates through a through hole reserved at the position, close to the edge, of the steel casing at the pile hole to temporarily fix the steel casing; the next section of steel casing is lifted to the upper part of the previous section of steel casing for splicing, after the splicing is stable, the welding connection of seams is carried out, after the welding is finished, the pile hole excavation of the next section is continued, in the excavation process, a crane controls the spliced steel casing to sink, after the spliced steel casing sinks to a specified height, the temporary fixing of the steel casing, the steel casing lengthening and the pile hole excavation of the next section are carried out again until the pile hole is excavated to a specified elevation of the upper part of the enlarged bottom, wherein the pile hole needs to be repeatedly checked in the operation process, and the plane position of the pile hole, the depth of the pile hole and the verticality of the pile hole meet the requirements;
s5, continuously excavating downwards to a designated elevation of the pile bottom within the diameter range of the original steel casing, paving a layer of plain concrete at the hole bottom to fill and level the hole bottom as a working surface, and inserting a short steel bar head into the concrete bottom for later use while pouring the concrete; excavating a bottom expanding part to the side surface, and fixing a reinforcing support piece on the soil body inclined plane along the soil body inclined plane through a reinforcing rivet when the soil body inclined plane is excavated in sequence; one end of the supporting steel pipe is connected to the reinforcing support piece, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe and the short steel bar head at the bottom of the hole are welded and fixed to form a truss structure; and alternately carrying out the excavation of the soil body inclined plane and the arrangement of the reinforcing supporting piece and the supporting steel pipe until the excavation of the soil body inclined plane is finished and finishing the excavation of the bottom expanding pot bottom.
S6, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the pile hole;
and S7, alternately carrying out pile body concrete pouring and steel pile casing lifting until the concrete pile body pouring is finished.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
s61, at least one pair of sounding pipes is fixedly arranged on the reinforcement cage, wherein one sounding pipe of the pair of sounding pipes is provided with a sound wave transmitting sensor, and the other sounding pipe is provided with a sound wave receiving sensor;
and S71, after the pile body is poured and when the pile body concrete meets the test requirements, the sound wave transmission method is used for comprehensively checking the quality of the pile body concrete, making quality evaluation and recording the quality evaluation in a quality inspection report.
Preferably, in step S71, the sound wave transmission method is used to perform a comprehensive inspection on the quality of the concrete of the pile body, wherein the method specifically includes:
the acoustic wave display processing equipment is connected with the acoustic wave receiving sensor,
detecting the quality of the pile body through sound wave signals collected by a sound wave receiving sensor through sound wave display processing equipment, wherein the sound wave signals comprise a sound wave sequence which represents the sound amplitudes at different depths;
the method for detecting the pile body quality by the acoustic wave display processing equipment comprises the following steps:
s81 receiving the sound wave signal S (x) sent by the sound wave receiving sensor;
s82, filtering the received sound wave signal and outputting the sound wave signal after filtering;
s83, according to the sound wave signals after filtering, performing feature extraction and defect identification processing on the sound wave signals after filtering by adopting a feature extraction and identification algorithm based on a convolutional neural network model to obtain pile body defect analysis results corresponding to the sound wave signals;
and S84 displaying the sound wave signal after filtering processing and the pile body defect analysis result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) aiming at the bottom expanding construction with the bottom expanding height smaller than 1.5 m, a pile hole bottom expanding reinforcing structure and a construction method are provided, a reinforcing support piece and a supporting steel pipe are arranged on an inclined surface of a soil body of a bottom expanding part and are connected with a reserved steel bar at the bottom of a hole, so that the supporting force of the side wall of the bottom expanding is enhanced, and the safety of the bottom expanding construction is improved.
2) Meanwhile, the bottom expanding reinforcing method can meet the requirements of different types of bottom expanding construction and has strong adaptability.
3) Meanwhile, the reserved steel bars, the reinforcing support pieces and the supporting steel pipes are connected with the pile body into a whole after the pile body is poured, and the structural stability of the pile end part is improved.
4) The steel casing dado that adopts the concatenation formula compares with the concrete dado, has shortened the latency of waiting for the concrete shaping, has improved the efficiency of pile foundation construction.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel building construction pile foundation according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of a reinforcing mechanism in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a connecting structure diagram of a steel casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a frame structure diagram of an acoustic wave display processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-pile hole, 12-pile hole expanded bottom, 2-steel casing wall, 21-steel casing, 22-limiting block, 23-limiting groove, 3-reinforcing mechanism, 31-reinforcing support piece, 32-supporting steel pipe, 33-reinforcing bar head, 34-reinforcing rivet, 5-sound wave display processing equipment, 51-receiving module, 52-filtering module, 53-analyzing module, 54-displaying module, 61-sound wave transmitting sensor and 62-sound wave receiving sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following application scenarios.
Referring to fig. 1, there is shown a novel building pile structure, comprising: the steel casing protecting wall 2 is arranged in the pile hole 1, and the reinforcing mechanism 3 is arranged at the pile hole expanded bottom 12;
the steel casing retaining wall 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of steel casings 21, and two adjacent sections of steel casings 21 are aligned and spliced and are connected by welding seams; the steel casing retaining wall 2 extends from the opening of the pile hole 1 to the top of the expanded bottom part in the pile hole 1;
referring to fig. 2, the reinforcing mechanism 3 includes a reinforcing support member 31 and a supporting steel pipe 32, wherein the reinforcing support member 31 is fixed to the side wall of the enlarged base inclined outward by a reinforcing rivet 34, one end of the supporting steel pipe 32 is connected to the reinforcing support member 31, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe 32 is fixedly connected to a predetermined steel bar head 33 at the bottom of the pile hole 1 to form a truss structure.
Preferably, two adjacent steel casings 21 are also connected by reinforcing steel bars.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the upper and lower edges of the steel casing 21 are respectively provided with a limiting groove 23 and a limiting block 22, and two adjacent steel casings 21 are aligned and spliced through the limiting block 22 and the limiting groove 23 on the opposite edges thereof. Through setting up stopper 22 and spacing groove 23, can improve the anti axial shear force ability of steel casing 21 when assembling or hoist, effectively improve the quality of steel casing dado 2.
Preferably, the steel casing 21 is provided with reinforcing ribs.
Preferably, the reinforcing support 31 is a wood rib or a profiled steel sheet.
Preferably, the support steel tubes 32 are also connected to the reinforcement cage.
Preferably, the steel casing 21 is formed by rolling and tailor-welding Q235A steel plates with the thickness of 8 mm.
Preferably, the pile foundation structure further comprises a pile body.
Preferably, the length of each section of steel casing is 80-120 cm.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the pile foundation structure further comprises a reinforcement cage, and an acoustic pipe is fixedly arranged on the reinforcement cage, wherein the acoustic pipe is used as a passage for the sound wave transmitting sensor 61 and the sound wave receiving sensor 62. The acoustic pipe joint and the bottom are sealed well, the top is sealed by a wooden plug, mortar and sundries are prevented from blocking a pipeline, and the joint position is processed to meet the corresponding sealing and pressure-resistant requirements of pouring concrete.
Wherein, the sound wave transmitting sensor 61 is connected with the sound wave generator, and the sound wave receiving sensor 62 is connected with the sound wave display processing device 5; the acoustic wave display processing device 5 is for displaying an acoustic wave signal corresponding to a portion between the acoustic wave transmitting sensor 61 and the acoustic wave receiving sensor 62,
the sound wave display processing equipment 5 also judges the integrity and quality defect conditions of the pile body according to the acquired sound waves.
The acoustic wave display processing apparatus 5 includes:
the receiving module 51: for receiving the acoustic wave signal sent by the acoustic wave receiving sensor 62;
the filtering module 52: filtering the received sound wave signal, and outputting the sound wave signal after filtering;
the analysis module 53: according to the sound wave signals after filtering processing, feature extraction and defect identification processing are carried out on the sound wave signals after filtering processing by adopting a feature extraction and identification algorithm based on a convolutional neural network model, and pile body defect analysis results corresponding to the sound wave signals are obtained;
the display module 54: and the post defect analysis module is used for displaying the sound wave signals after filtering and the post defect analysis result.
Among the above-mentioned pile foundation structure, carry out quality testing to the concrete pile body after pouring through pre-buried sounding pipe and sound wave display processing equipment 5, can in time discover the pile body defect that the concrete pile body probably exists to technical output quality testing result forms the quality testing report, the convenient timely detection to pile foundation construction quality.
Meanwhile, the construction method of the novel house building pile foundation structure comprises the following steps:
s1, construction preparation, finishing the surface cleaning work of the construction site and leveling the site;
s2, determining the center of the pile hole 1, and setting a positioning line and a reference point;
s3, pouring a concrete fore shaft ring beam on the pile top;
s4, excavating a pile hole 1, after the first pile hole 1 is excavated, hoisting a first section of steel pile casing 21 into the pile hole 1 by using a crane, and after the steel pile casing 21 sinks to a specified height, penetrating a prepared fixing steel pipe into a through hole reserved at the position, close to the edge, of the steel pile casing 21 at the position of the pile hole 1 to temporarily fix the steel pile casing 21; the next section of steel casing 21 is lifted to the upper part of the previous section of steel casing 21 for splicing, after the splicing is stable, the welding connection of seams is carried out, after the welding is finished, the excavation of the pile hole 1 of the next section is continued, in the excavation process, a crane controls the spliced steel casing 21 to sink, after the steel casing 21 sinks to a specified height, the temporary fixing of the steel casing 21, the extension of the steel casing and the excavation of the next section of pile hole 1 are carried out again until the pile hole 1 is excavated to the specified elevation of the upper part of the expanded bottom, wherein the pile hole 1 needs to be repeatedly checked in the operation process, and the plane position of the pile hole 1, the depth of the pile hole 1 and the verticality of the pile hole 1 meet the requirements; wherein the designated elevation of the upper part of the expanded base is the boundary position between the cylindrical pile hole and the expanded base according to the design standard;
s5, continuously excavating downwards to a designated elevation of the pile bottom within the diameter range of the original steel pile casing, paving a layer of plain concrete at the hole bottom to fill and level the hole bottom as a working surface, and inserting the short steel bar heads 33 into the concrete bottom for later use while pouring the concrete; excavating a bottom expanding part to the side surface, and fixing a reinforcing support piece 31 on the soil body inclined surface along the soil body inclined surface through a reinforcing rivet when excavating the soil body inclined surface in sequence; one end of the supporting steel pipe 32 is connected to the reinforcing support 31, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe 32 is welded and fixed with the short steel bar head 33 at the bottom of the hole to form a truss structure; and alternately carrying out the excavation of the soil body inclined plane, the arrangement of the reinforcing support piece 31 and the support steel pipe 32 until the excavation of the soil body inclined plane is finished, and finishing the excavation of the bottom expanding pot bottom.
S6, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the pile hole 1;
and S7, alternately carrying out pile body concrete pouring and lifting of the steel pile casing 21 until the concrete pile body pouring is finished.
The invention aims at a strengthening and supporting method of pile hole bottom expanding, and is specially carried out for a bottom expanding structure with the bottom expanding height less than or equal to 1.5 meters, a truss structure is formed by directly presetting the connection of a steel bar head and a strengthening and supporting piece at the pile bottom to strengthen and support the side wall of the bottom expanding, the firmness of the side wall is effectively improved, the safety of constructors in pile hole bottom expanding construction is improved, and meanwhile, the method has a simple structure and is convenient to implement.
Preferably, after the bottom-expanded soil inclined plane with a certain width is excavated, a group of reinforcing mechanisms are arranged to reinforce the soil inclined plane.
Preferably, in step S4, when the next steel casing 21 is lifted to the upper side of the previous steel casing 21 for splicing, the limiting block 22 at the lower end of the next steel casing 21 and the limiting groove 23 at the upper edge of the previous steel casing 21 are spliced correspondingly, and the connecting gap is welded after splicing.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
s61, at least one pair of sounding pipes is fixedly arranged on the reinforcement cage, wherein one sounding pipe of the pair of sounding pipes is provided with a sound wave transmitting sensor 61, and the other sounding pipe is provided with a sound wave receiving sensor 62;
and S71, after the pile body is poured and when the pile body concrete meets the test requirements, the sound wave transmission method is used for comprehensively checking the quality of the pile body concrete, making quality evaluation and recording the quality evaluation in a quality inspection report.
The method comprises the following steps of detecting whether a pile body has defects, defect types, specific positions of the defects and the like, wherein the defect types comprise pile breaking, separation, mud clamping, diameter shrinkage, cracks and the like.
Preferably, in step S71, the sound wave transmission method is used to perform a comprehensive inspection on the quality of the concrete of the pile body, wherein the method specifically includes:
the acoustic wave display processing device 5 is connected to the acoustic wave receiving sensor 62,
detecting the quality of the pile body through a sound wave signal acquired by a sound wave receiving sensor 62 through the sound wave display processing equipment 5, wherein the sound wave signal comprises a sound wave sequence which represents the sound amplitude at different depths;
the method for detecting the pile body quality by the acoustic wave display processing equipment 5 comprises the following steps:
s81 receiving the sound wave signal sent by the sound wave receiving sensor 62;
s82, filtering the received sound wave signal and outputting the sound wave signal after filtering;
s83, according to the sound wave signals after filtering, performing feature extraction and defect identification processing on the sound wave signals after filtering by adopting a feature extraction and identification algorithm based on a convolutional neural network model to obtain pile body defect analysis results corresponding to the sound wave signals;
and S84 displaying the sound wave signal after filtering processing and the pile body defect analysis result.
The acoustic emission sensor 61 and the acoustic reception sensor 62 are first brought to the same level and then traversed along the length of the pile. The acoustic wave signal is sent out by the acoustic wave transmitting sensor, and then the acoustic wave signal is received by the corresponding acoustic wave receiving sensor 62 and sent to the acoustic wave display processing device 5 for processing. Wherein the sound wave signal comprises depth information and sound amplitude information.
The sound wave display processing device 5 firstly carries out filtering processing on the received sound wave signals, and can effectively eliminate the influence of environmental noise received by the sound wave signals in the acquisition process, reflected sound waves possibly existing in the pile hole 1 and the like. And then, further performing feature extraction and defect identification according to the sound wave signals after filtering treatment, wherein parameters such as waveform and sound amplitude of the sound wave signals are used as input factors, and automatic feature extraction is performed through a pre-trained convolutional neural network, so that defect feature classification reflected in the sound wave signals is automatically identified according to the feature parameters.
Preferably, the filtering process is performed on the received sound wave signal, and includes:
1) performing wavelet transform decomposition on the received sound wave signals by adopting a set wavelet basis to obtain high-frequency wavelet coefficients and low-frequency wavelet coefficients of the sound wave signals;
2) respectively carrying out threshold processing on the obtained high-frequency wavelet coefficient and low-frequency wavelet coefficient to obtain a low-frequency wavelet coefficient estimation value and a high-frequency wavelet coefficient estimation value;
the threshold processing function adopted for performing threshold processing on the high-frequency wavelet coefficient is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
an nth high frequency wavelet coefficient estimate representing a level c wavelet decomposition,
an nth high-frequency wavelet coefficient representing the level c wavelet decomposition of the acoustic signal, wherein Y represents a set threshold value, and c represents the current decomposition level;
representing a symbolic function;
the threshold processing function adopted for performing threshold processing on the low-frequency wavelet coefficient is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
an nth low frequency wavelet coefficient estimate representing a level c wavelet decomposition,
the nth low-frequency wavelet coefficient represents the level c wavelet decomposition of the acoustic signal, Y represents a set threshold value, and c represents the current decomposition level;
the function of the symbol is represented by,
、
respectively represent set adjustment factors, wherein
，
；
3) And performing inverse wavelet transform according to the obtained low-frequency wavelet coefficient estimated value and the high-frequency wavelet coefficient estimated value, and reconstructing the acoustic wave signal after filtering processing.
The method aims at the problem that the sound wave projection detection method is inaccurate in information reflection of the concrete pile body due to the fact that sound wave signals are easily affected by environment noise of a detection site. In the above embodiment, a filtering processing method specially for acoustic signals is particularly provided, in which the acoustic signals are decomposed through wavelet transform, and then different threshold functions are respectively used for the high-frequency wavelet coefficients and the low-frequency wavelet coefficients to perform threshold processing. Meanwhile, the high-frequency information is doped with noise signals, reflected wave noise and the like, so that the threshold function is set according to the characteristics of the high-frequency noise, and the influence of the high-frequency noise can be removed to the greatest extent; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of considering the noise influence removal and avoiding the distortion problem, improving the filtering processing effect of the sound wave signals and indirectly improving the accuracy of pile foundation quality detection.
Preferably, the threshold in the thresholding function is obtained using the following function:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
a threshold value is indicated which is indicative of,
which represents an estimate of the standard deviation of the noise,
，
represents the median of the high frequency coefficients decomposed by the layer c wavelet transform,
represents the number of decomposition levels of the current wavelet decomposition transform,
representing the length of the acoustic signal.
The threshold value is set in a self-adaptive mode according to the high-frequency information, and accuracy is high. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be analyzed by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a novel building pile foundation structure, its characterized in that, this novel building pile foundation structure includes: the steel casing protecting wall is arranged in the pile hole, and the reinforcing mechanism is arranged at the bottom expanding of the pile hole;
the steel casing protecting wall is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of steel casings, the upper edge and the lower edge of each steel casing are respectively provided with a limiting groove and a limiting block, and two adjacent sections of steel casings are aligned and spliced through the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves on the opposite edges of the adjacent sections of steel casings and are connected through seam welding; the steel casing retaining wall extends from the pile hole opening to the top of the expanded bottom part in the pile hole; the reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing support piece and a supporting steel pipe, wherein the reinforcing support piece is fixed on the side wall which inclines outwards in the expanded bottom through a reinforcing rivet, one end of the supporting steel pipe is connected with the reinforcing support piece, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected with a steel bar head preset on the pile hole bottom to form a truss structure; the two adjacent sections of steel casing are also connected through reinforcing steel bars; reinforcing ribs are arranged on the steel casing; the reinforcing support piece is a wood rib or a profiled steel sheet; the support steel pipe is also connected with a reinforcement cage.
2. A method of constructing a novel building construction pile structure according to claim 1, comprising:
s1, construction preparation, finishing the surface cleaning work of the construction site and leveling the site;
s2, determining the center of the pile hole, and setting a positioning line and a reference point;
s3, pouring a concrete fore shaft ring beam on the pile top;
s4 pile hole excavation, after the first pile hole excavation is finished, a crane is used for hoisting the first section of steel casing into the pile hole, and after the steel casing sinks to the designated height, a fixing steel pipe prepared in advance penetrates through a through hole reserved at the position, close to the edge, of the steel casing at the pile hole to temporarily fix the steel casing; the next section of steel casing is lifted to the upper part of the previous section of steel casing for splicing, after the splicing is stable, the welding connection of seams is carried out, after the welding is finished, the pile hole excavation of the next section is continued, in the excavation process, a crane controls the spliced steel casing to sink, after the spliced steel casing sinks to a specified height, the temporary fixing of the steel casing, the steel casing lengthening and the pile hole excavation of the next section are carried out again until the pile hole is excavated to a specified elevation of the upper part of the enlarged bottom, wherein the pile hole needs to be repeatedly checked in the operation process, and the plane position of the pile hole, the depth of the pile hole and the verticality of the pile hole meet the requirements;
s5, continuously excavating downwards to a designated elevation of the pile bottom within the diameter range of the original steel casing, paving a layer of plain concrete at the hole bottom to fill and level the hole bottom as a working surface, and inserting a short steel bar head into the concrete bottom for later use while pouring the concrete; excavating a bottom expanding part to the side surface, and fixing a reinforcing support piece on the soil body inclined plane along the soil body inclined plane through a reinforcing rivet when the soil body inclined plane is excavated in sequence; one end of the supporting steel pipe is connected to the reinforcing support piece, and the other end of the supporting steel pipe and the short steel bar head at the bottom of the hole are welded and fixed to form a truss structure; alternately carrying out the excavation of the soil body inclined plane and the arrangement of the reinforcing supporting piece and the supporting steel pipe until the excavation of the soil body inclined plane is finished and finishing the excavation of the bottom expanding pot bottom;
s6, hoisting the reinforcement cage into the pile hole;
s7, alternately carrying out pile body concrete pouring and steel casing lifting until the concrete pile body pouring is finished;
the method further comprises the following steps:
s61, at least one pair of sounding pipes is fixedly arranged on the reinforcement cage, wherein one sounding pipe of the pair of sounding pipes is provided with a sound wave transmitting sensor, and the other sounding pipe is provided with a sound wave receiving sensor;
s71, after the pile body is poured, when the pile body concrete meets the test requirements, the sound wave transmission method is used for comprehensively checking the quality of the pile body concrete, making quality evaluation and recording the quality evaluation in a quality inspection report;
in step S71, the sound wave transmission method is used to perform a comprehensive inspection of the quality of the concrete of the pile body, wherein the concrete method includes:
the acoustic wave display processing equipment is connected with the acoustic wave receiving sensor,
the sound wave display processing equipment detects the quality of the pile body by receiving sound wave signals collected by the sensor through the sound waves, wherein the sound wave signals comprise a sound wave sequence which represents the sound amplitudes at different depths;
the method for detecting the pile body quality by the acoustic wave display processing equipment comprises the following steps:
s81 receiving the sound wave signal sent by the sound wave receiving sensor
；
S82, filtering the received sound wave signal and outputting the sound wave signal after filtering;
s83, according to the sound wave signals after filtering, performing feature extraction and defect identification processing on the sound wave signals after filtering by adopting a feature extraction and identification algorithm based on a convolutional neural network model to obtain pile body defect analysis results corresponding to the sound wave signals;
s84, displaying the sound wave signal after the filtering processing and the pile body defect analysis result;
in step S82, the filtering process performed on the received sound wave signal includes:
1) performing wavelet transform decomposition on the received sound wave signals by adopting a set wavelet basis to obtain high-frequency wavelet coefficients and low-frequency wavelet coefficients of the sound wave signals;
2) respectively carrying out threshold processing on the obtained high-frequency wavelet coefficient and low-frequency wavelet coefficient to obtain a low-frequency wavelet coefficient estimation value and a high-frequency wavelet coefficient estimation value;
the threshold processing function adopted for performing threshold processing on the high-frequency wavelet coefficient is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
an nth high frequency wavelet coefficient estimate representing a level c wavelet decomposition,
an nth high-frequency wavelet coefficient representing the level c wavelet decomposition of the acoustic signal, wherein Y represents a set threshold value, and c represents the current decomposition level;
representing a symbolic function;
the threshold processing function adopted for performing threshold processing on the low-frequency wavelet coefficient is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
an nth low frequency wavelet coefficient estimate representing a level c wavelet decomposition,
the nth low-frequency wavelet coefficient represents the level c wavelet decomposition of the acoustic signal, Y represents a set threshold value, and c represents the current decomposition level;
the function of the symbol is represented by,
、
respectively represent set adjustment factors, wherein
，
；
3) And performing inverse wavelet transform according to the obtained low-frequency wavelet coefficient estimated value and the high-frequency wavelet coefficient estimated value, and reconstructing the acoustic wave signal after filtering processing.
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| CN1869338A (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-29 | 郑百翔 | Manhole pile enlarged foot and its safety construction method |
| GB2478362A (en) * | 2010-03-06 | 2011-09-07 | Shire Structures Ltd | A pile with a tube extending lengthwise of the pile |
| CN107503344A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-22 | 石家庄市道桥管理处 | The construction method of turnover type merogenesis steel pile casting retaining wall manually digging hole filling pile |
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| CN1869338A (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-29 | 郑百翔 | Manhole pile enlarged foot and its safety construction method |
| GB2478362A (en) * | 2010-03-06 | 2011-09-07 | Shire Structures Ltd | A pile with a tube extending lengthwise of the pile |
| CN107503344A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-22 | 石家庄市道桥管理处 | The construction method of turnover type merogenesis steel pile casting retaining wall manually digging hole filling pile |
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| 改进声波透射法在桥梁桩基缺陷检测的应用研究;胡昊;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库.工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20180715(第07期);第26-45页 * |
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Denomination of invention: A new building pile foundation structure and its construction method Effective date of registration: 20210831 Granted publication date: 20210226 Pledgee: Ningbo Yinzhou Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Panhuo sub branch Pledgor: NINGBO CITY YINZHOU CONSTRUCTION Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021330001302 |