CN111613961A - Infinite chirp pulse amplifying system - Google Patents
Infinite chirp pulse amplifying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111613961A CN111613961A CN202010584809.9A CN202010584809A CN111613961A CN 111613961 A CN111613961 A CN 111613961A CN 202010584809 A CN202010584809 A CN 202010584809A CN 111613961 A CN111613961 A CN 111613961A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast fiber lasers, in particular to an infinite chirp pulse amplification system. The N-time-range stretcher in the system comprises a first optical lens and a stretching module, wherein a nonlinear saturable film is plated on the first optical lens; the N-time compressor comprises a second optical lens and a compression module, wherein a nonlinear unsaturated film is plated on the second optical lens, and the system widens the pulse by repeatedly utilizing a dispersion widening and compression device, so that the single pulse energy of the ultrafast laser can be exponentially increased; the dispersion provided by the optical pulse widening or compressing device can be infinitely utilized as long as the peak power of the optical pulse does not meet the requirement, and the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the pulse widening or compressing device, which is equivalent to 'just ten thousand profit', and conversely, when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse is directly transmitted out of the system to meet the requirement of people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast fiber lasers, in particular to an infinite chirp pulse amplification system.
Background
Ultrashort pulses as defined in laser physics refer to time scales smaller than picosecond (1ps to 10)-12s), flash lamps used in cameras are about one hundredth of a second (0.01s), and now the flash time of ultrashort laser pulses reaches femtosecond (1fs is 10 s)-15s), even attosecond (1as 10)-18s-0.000000000000000001 s). The unit of power is watt W, 1W is 1J/1s, and when the energy of the laser pulse is larger, the time scale of the laser pulse is shorter, and the corresponding peak power is larger (i.e. increasing the numerator and reducing the denominator). The innovation of the ultra-strong and ultra-short laser technology is pushing the development and development of a batch of basic and advanced interdisciplinary subjects of high-energy physics, fusion energy, precise measurement, chemistry, materials, information, biomedicine and the like.
Before the advent of chirped pulse amplification technology, scientists have been able to pulse laser light from milliseconds (1ms to 10 ms) by ultrafast laser techniques such as Q-switching (Q-switching) and Mode-locking (Mode-locking)-3s) up to nanosecond (1 ns-10)-9s), picoseconds (1ps ═ 10)-12s) magnitude. Even if the time scale of the laser pulse is directly compressed to the femtosecond magnitude, the corresponding peak power is also improved to a certain extent by the Kerr-LensMode-Locking (KLM) technology which appears after the chirped pulse amplification technology; however, the bottleneck that the peak power is further increased by directly amplifying the energy of the laser pulse is difficult to overcome is met, because in the direct amplification process, the gain medium and other transmission type optical components in the amplifier are easily damaged by the ultrahigh peak power density (power density is equal to the area of power/focusing light spot) of the laser pulse (the effect of the ultrahigh peak power density is similar to that of focusing sunlight to a small point on newspaper by using a magnifier, the ultrahigh peak power density can be easily ignited and burnt), and secondly, the time scale of the directly amplified laser pulse is too short, so that the ultrahigh peak power is not beneficial to efficiently absorbing and amplifying all energy in the gain medium.
With the advent of chirped pulse amplification technology, the laser focusing power density is increased in a leap-type manner, and as can be seen from the basic principle diagram of CPA (as shown in fig. 1), the whole system is roughly divided into an oscillator, a stretcher, an amplifier and a compressor. Before directly inputting into the amplifier, a stretcher is used to introduce certain dispersion to the ultrashort femtosecond (picosecond) pulse output by the oscillator, and the pulse width is stretched by about million times in the time domain to hundreds of picoseconds or even nanosecond level; thus, not only the peak power is greatly reduced, but also the energy density on the unit area is ensured; then, amplification is carried out in the amplifier, so that the risk of damage of related elements is reduced, a plurality of adverse nonlinear effects such as gain saturation and the like are avoided, and the high-efficiency absorption of the stored energy of the gain medium is facilitated; after obtaining higher energy, the compressor compensates dispersion to reduce the pulse width to femtosecond (picosecond) magnitude.
Even after the pulse is widened due to the influence of the fiber core, the peak power of the pulse exceeds the nonlinear withstand capability of the fiber due to the limit of the dispersion amount, resulting in the distortion of the optical pulse. Therefore, the current theoretical solution is to continuously increase the diameter of the optical fiber core, but the continuous increase of the diameter of the optical fiber core can cause the disappearance of the bending performance of the optical fiber and the deterioration of light spots; if the dispersion broadening and compression amount is continuously increased, the required cost is continuously increased, so that the cost performance of the system cannot face competitive advantages.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing chirp pulse amplification technology, the invention provides an infinite chirp pulse amplification system, which solves the technical problems that the existing chirp pulse amplification technical scheme continuously improves the diameter of an optical fiber core, but causes the disappearance of the bending performance of the optical fiber and the deterioration of light spots, and if the dispersion broadening and compression quantity is continuously improved, the required cost is continuously increased, so that the cost performance of the system cannot face the competitive advantage and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an infinitely chirped pulse amplification system, comprising:
the optical pulse dispersion device comprises an oscillator and an N-time-range stretcher, wherein the N-time-range stretcher is arranged on one side of the oscillator and is used for introducing certain dispersion to optical pulses output by the oscillator;
the amplifier is arranged on one side of the N-time stretcher and is used for amplifying the optical pulse;
the N-time compressor is arranged on one side of the amplifier and is used for compensating dispersion;
the N-fold stretcher comprises a first optical lens and a stretching module, wherein a nonlinear saturable film is plated on the first optical lens, and the first optical lens is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with low pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with high pulse energy;
the N-octave compressor comprises a second optical lens and a compression module, wherein a nonlinear unsaturated film is plated on the second optical lens, and the second optical lens is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with high pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with low pulse energy.
N is a natural number such as 1, 2, 3 and the like.
Further, the nonlinear saturable film is made of single-layer graphene or single-walled carbon nanotubes for transmitting light pulses with peak power below a certain threshold X1, otherwise reflecting.
Further, the nonlinear unsaturated film is made of single-layer graphene or single-walled carbon nanotubes for transmitting light pulses with peak power above a threshold X2, otherwise reflecting.
Further, a gain module is arranged between the first optical lens and the widening module.
Further, the N-fold stretcher further comprises a first polarization splitting prism, and a first λ/4 glass slide is further arranged between the first polarization splitting prism and the first optical lens.
Further, the N-fold compressor further comprises a second polarization beam splitter prism, and a second lambda/4 glass slide is arranged between the second polarization beam splitter prism and the second optical lens.
Further, the first optical lens and the second optical lens are transparent lenses.
The working method of the infinite chirp pulse amplification system comprises the following steps:
the horizontal polarized light pulse sequentially passes through the first polarization splitting prism and the first lambda/4 glass slide, then is changed into circularly polarized light, continuously passes through the first optical lens plated with the nonlinear saturable film, is reflected back and forth between the first optical lens and the broadening module, passes through the broadening module for multiple times, widens the light pulse, when the peak power of the light pulse is lower than a threshold value X1, is transmitted through the first optical lens plated with the nonlinear saturable film, and then is reflected and output through the first lambda/4 glass slide and the first polarization splitting prism in sequence, and a gain module between the first optical lens and the broadening module simultaneously compensates the lost energy;
the horizontal polarized light pulse coming out of the amplifier sequentially passes through a second polarization beam splitter prism and a second lambda/4 glass slide, continues to pass through a second optical lens plated with a nonlinear unsaturated film, is reflected back and forth between the second optical lens and a compression module, passes through the compression module for multiple times, is compressed, and when the peak power of the light pulse is higher than a threshold value X2, is transmitted through the second optical lens plated with the nonlinear unsaturated film, and is reflected and output by the second lambda/4 glass slide and the second polarization beam splitter prism sequentially;
when the peak power of the optical pulse does not meet the requirement, the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the stretcher or the compressor, the dispersion provided by the optical pulse is infinitely utilized, and when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse is directly transmitted out of the system for use.
Further, the threshold values X1 and X2 are adjusted by the molecular structure combing density in the nonlinear saturable film and the nonlinear non-saturable film, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the infinite chirp pulse amplification system provided by the invention has the advantages that the pulse is widened to be larger by repeatedly utilizing the dispersion widening and compressing device, so that the peak power of the pulse light approaches to the average power of the continuous light, the amplification of the pulse light is completed by using a mature continuous light source amplification link, and the method can exponentially improve the single pulse energy of the ultrafast laser; by adopting the infinite chirp pulse amplification system provided by the invention, the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the pulse broadening or compressing device as long as the peak power of the optical pulse can not meet the requirement, the dispersion provided by the optical pulse can be infinitely utilized, which is equivalent to 'one is ten thousand benefits', and conversely, when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse can be directly transmitted out of the system, thereby meeting the requirement of people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a chirped pulse amplification system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an N-fold stretcher configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an N-fold compressor configuration;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of pulse light amplification performed by using the infinite chirp pulse amplification system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
11-first polarization splitting prism, 12-first lambda/4 glass slide, 13-first optical lens, 131-nonlinear saturable film, 14-gain module, 15-broadening module, 21-second polarization splitting prism, 22-second lambda/4 glass slide, 23-second optical lens, 231-nonlinear non-saturable film and 24-compression module.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
To more clearly and specifically describe the infinitely chirped pulse amplification system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides an infinitely chirped pulse amplification system comprising:
the optical pulse dispersion device comprises an oscillator and an N-time-range stretcher, wherein the N-time-range stretcher is arranged on one side of the oscillator and is used for introducing certain dispersion to optical pulses output by the oscillator;
the amplifier is arranged on one side of the N-time stretcher and is used for amplifying the optical pulse;
the N-time compressor is arranged on one side of the amplifier and is used for compensating dispersion;
the N-fold stretcher comprises a first optical lens 13 and a stretching module 15, wherein the first optical lens 13 is plated with a nonlinear saturable film 131, and the first optical lens 13 is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with low pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with high pulse energy;
the N-octave compressor comprises a second optical lens 23 and a compression module 24, the second optical lens 23 is plated with a nonlinear unsaturated film 231, the second optical lens 23 is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with high pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with low pulse energy, and N in the embodiment of the invention refers to natural numbers such as 1, 2, 3 and the like.
In this embodiment, the nonlinear saturable film 131 is made of single-layer graphene or single-walled carbon nanotubes, and is configured to transmit light pulses with peak power lower than a certain threshold X1, and otherwise reflect the light pulses; the first optical lens coated with the nonlinear saturable film in this embodiment can also be made of some doped crystals and semiconductors, so as to selectively transmit the light pulse with low pulse energy and selectively reflect the light pulse with high pulse energy.
In this embodiment, the nonlinear unsaturated film 231 is made of single-layer graphene or single-walled carbon nanotubes, and is configured to transmit light pulses with peak power higher than the threshold X2, and otherwise to reflect the light pulses; the second optical lens coated with the nonlinear unsaturated film in this embodiment may also be made of some doped crystals and semiconductors, selectively transmitting light pulses of high pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses of low pulse energy.
Because the film made of molecular crystal has anisotropy, the film functions can be completely reversed by adjusting the orientation of molecular structures during preparation; while the threshold X1 and the threshold X2 are adjusted by the molecular structure comb density in the nonlinear saturable film 131 and the nonlinear non-saturable film 231, respectively.
In consideration of energy attenuation caused by absorption of signal light of the crystal, a gain module 14 is further disposed between the first optical lens 13 and the broadening module 15 in the present embodiment, and is used for compensating for lost energy.
In this embodiment, the N-fold stretcher further includes a first polarization splitting prism 11, and a first λ/4 glass sheet 12 is further disposed between the first polarization splitting prism 11 and the first optical lens 13.
In this embodiment, the N-fold compressor further includes a second polarization beam splitter prism 21, and a second λ/4 glass sheet 22 is further disposed between the second polarization beam splitter prism 21 and the second optical lens 23.
In this embodiment, the first optical lens 13 and the second optical lens 23 are transparent lenses.
The working method of the infinite chirp pulse amplification system in the embodiment comprises the following processes:
the horizontally polarized light pulse sequentially passes through the first polarization splitting prism 11 and the first lambda/4 glass 12, then is changed into circularly polarized light, continues to pass through the first optical lens 13 plated with the nonlinear saturable film 131, is reflected back and forth between the first optical lens 13 and the broadening module 15, passes through the broadening module 15 for multiple times, broadens the light pulse, transmits through the first optical lens 13 plated with the nonlinear saturable film 131 when the peak power of the light pulse is lower than a threshold value X1, and then is reflected and output through the first lambda/4 glass 12 and the first polarization splitting prism 11 sequentially, and the gain module 14 between the first optical lens 13 and the broadening module 15 compensates for the lost energy at the same time;
the horizontal polarized light pulse coming out of the amplifier sequentially passes through the second polarization beam splitter prism 21 and the second lambda/4 glass slide 22, continues to pass through the second optical lens 23 plated with the nonlinear unsaturated film 231, is reflected back and forth between the second optical lens 23 and the compression module 24, passes through the compression module 24 for multiple times, is compressed, and when the peak power of the light pulse is higher than a threshold value X2, is transmitted through the second optical lens 23 plated with the nonlinear unsaturated film 231, and then sequentially passes through the second lambda/4 glass slide 22 and the second polarization beam splitter prism 21 to be reflected and output;
when the peak power of the optical pulse does not meet the requirement, the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the stretcher or the compressor, the dispersion provided by the optical pulse is infinitely utilized, which is equivalent to 'yinwali', and when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse can be directly transmitted out of the system for use, namely, the optical pulse can be infinitely stretched and compressed as long as the values of X1 and X2 are reasonably set, so that the peak power of the optical pulse is lower than the bearable capacity of the optical fiber.
In this embodiment, the threshold X1 and the threshold X2 are adjusted by combing the molecular structures in the nonlinear saturable film 131 and the nonlinear non-saturable film 231, respectively, the threshold X1 is set according to the highest peak power that the next-stage amplification system can bear, when the next-stage amplification system needs to adjust different average power outputs and changes the length, thickness and amplification factor of the optical fiber, then the highest peak power that the amplification system can bear changes, we will modify the value of X1 to adapt to the bearing limit of the amplification system, usually the threshold X1 needs to be reduced when the average power is increased, the threshold X2 is set according to the peak power that the user needs, and the user generally needs a larger peak power at the same cost, but provided that the subsequent optical element is not damaged by such a light pulse with a high peak power.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of pulse light amplification by using the infinite chirp pulse amplification system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, where the peak power of 500-fold broadening is 1/455 of 1-fold, and thus, under the same amplification link condition, the single pulse energy that can be borne is increased by 455 times, and the infinite chirp pulse amplification system provided by the embodiment of the present invention widens the pulse by repeatedly using a dispersion broadening and compressing device, so that the peak power of the pulse light approaches to the average power of continuous light, and thus, the amplification of the pulse light is completed by using a mature continuous light source amplification link, and the method can exponentially increase the single pulse energy of an ultrafast laser; the dispersion provided by the optical pulse widening or compressing device can be infinitely utilized as long as the peak power of the optical pulse can not meet the requirement, and the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the pulse widening or compressing device, which is equivalent to 'just ten thousand benefits', and conversely, when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse is directly transmitted out of the system to meet the requirement of people.
Claims (9)
1. An infinitely chirped pulse amplification system, characterized by: the infinitely chirped pulse amplification system comprises:
the optical pulse dispersion device comprises an oscillator and an N-time-range stretcher, wherein the N-time-range stretcher is arranged on one side of the oscillator and is used for introducing certain dispersion to optical pulses output by the oscillator;
the amplifier is arranged on one side of the N-time stretcher and is used for amplifying the optical pulse;
the N-time compressor is arranged on one side of the amplifier and is used for compensating dispersion;
the N-fold stretcher comprises a first optical lens (13) and a stretching module (15), wherein the first optical lens (13) is plated with a nonlinear saturable film (131), and the first optical lens (13) is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with low pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with high pulse energy;
the N-fold compressor comprises a second optical lens (23) and a compression module (24), wherein the second optical lens (23) is plated with a nonlinear unsaturated film (231), and the second optical lens (23) is used for selectively transmitting light pulses with high pulse energy and selectively reflecting light pulses with low pulse energy.
2. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: the nonlinear saturable film (131) is made of single layer graphene or single wall carbon nanotubes for transmitting light pulses with peak power below a certain threshold X1, otherwise reflecting.
3. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: the nonlinear unsaturated film (231) is made of single-layer graphene or single-walled carbon nanotubes for transmitting light pulses having a peak power above a threshold X2, and otherwise reflecting.
4. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: and a gain module (14) is also arranged between the first optical lens (13) and the widening module (15).
5. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: the N-fold range stretcher further comprises a first polarization splitting prism (11), and a first lambda/4 glass slide (12) is arranged between the first polarization splitting prism (11) and the first optical lens (13).
6. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: the N multiple-range compressor further comprises a second polarization beam splitter prism (21), and a second lambda/4 glass slide (22) is arranged between the second polarization beam splitter prism (21) and the second optical lens (23).
7. The infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 1, wherein: the first optical lens (13) and the second optical lens (23) are transparent lenses.
8. A method of operating an infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the process is as follows:
the horizontal polarized light pulse sequentially passes through a first polarization splitting prism (11) and a first lambda/4 glass slide (12), then is changed into circularly polarized light, continuously passes through a first optical lens (13) plated with a nonlinear saturable film (131), is reflected back and forth between the first optical lens (13) and a broadening module (15), passes through the broadening module (15) for multiple times, widens the light pulse, when the peak power of the light pulse is lower than a threshold value X1, is transmitted through the first optical lens (13) plated with the nonlinear saturable film (131), and is sequentially reflected and output through the first lambda/4 glass slide (12) and the first polarization splitting prism (11), and a gain module (14) between the first optical lens (13) and the broadening module (15) simultaneously compensates for lost energy;
the horizontal polarized light pulse coming out of the amplifier sequentially passes through a second polarization beam splitter prism (21) and a second lambda/4 glass slide (22), continuously passes through a second optical lens (23) plated with a nonlinear unsaturated film (231), is reflected back and forth between the second optical lens (23) and a compression module (24), passes through the compression module (24) for multiple times, is compressed, and when the peak power of the light pulse is higher than a threshold value X2, is transmitted through the second optical lens (23) plated with the nonlinear unsaturated film (231), and then sequentially passes through the second lambda/4 glass slide (22) and the second polarization beam splitter prism (21) to be reflected and output;
when the peak power of the optical pulse does not meet the requirement, the optical pulse is continuously reflected back to the stretcher or the compressor, the dispersion provided by the optical pulse is infinitely utilized, and when the peak power of the optical pulse meets the requirement, the optical pulse is directly transmitted out of the system for use.
9. The method of operating an infinitely chirped pulse amplification system according to claim 8, wherein: the threshold values X1 and X2 are adjusted by the molecular structure comb density in the nonlinear saturable film (131) and the nonlinear non-saturable film (231), respectively.
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| CN112247346A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 北京卓镭激光技术有限公司 | Laser light path alignment device and laser light path alignment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112247346A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 北京卓镭激光技术有限公司 | Laser light path alignment device and laser light path alignment method |
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