CN111610559A - Depth migration imaging method and device before target lamination - Google Patents

Depth migration imaging method and device before target lamination Download PDF

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CN111610559A
CN111610559A CN201910135263.6A CN201910135263A CN111610559A CN 111610559 A CN111610559 A CN 111610559A CN 201910135263 A CN201910135263 A CN 201910135263A CN 111610559 A CN111610559 A CN 111610559A
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depth
target
operator
layer
imaging
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CN111610559B (en
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叶月明
范国章
李立胜
石文武
王兆旗
吴吉忠
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/50Corrections or adjustments related to wave propagation
    • G01V2210/51Migration
    • G01V2210/512Pre-stack

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Abstract

The application discloses a method and a device for imaging depth migration before target lamination, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the inclination angle of a target layer at the target depth according to the acquired stratum data; synthesizing a first operator for controlling the incidence direction of a wave field when the wave field reaches a target layer at a target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer; extending the first operator to the earth surface in a forward direction to obtain a second operator, wherein the depth of the earth surface is 0; and determining prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator. The method and the device can improve the imaging quality of the depth migration imaging before the target lamination.

Description

Depth migration imaging method and device before target lamination
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a method and a device for depth migration imaging before target stacking.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
Prestack depth migration is a seismic imaging method generally used at present, and is mainly divided into two types, namely a ray-based prestack depth migration method and a wave-based prestack depth migration method. The ray prestack depth migration method is mainly based on a Kirchhoff integral method and a high-frequency approximate theory, firstly, the travel time of seismic waves propagating underground is calculated, then, according to the travel time, amplitude information received by the earth surface is placed at the position of an underground reflection point for superposition, and the final superposition result is seismic imaging of the position. Ray-like methods are computationally efficient, but they cannot accommodate strong lateral variations in the velocity field. Compared with the ray method, the prestack depth migration method based on the fluctuation overcomes the defect that the transverse change of the velocity field intensity cannot be adapted, and higher-quality imaging can be obtained even in a salt dome area. The prestack depth migration method based on the wave classes is classified into a prestack depth migration method based on a full wave equation and a prestack depth migration method based on a one-way wave. According to the difference of operator approximation, the one-way wave prestack depth migration method can be divided into prestack depth migration methods such as fractional Fourier, Fourier finite difference, frequency-space domain finite difference and generalized screen operator.
However, the ray-based prestack depth migration method or the wave-based prestack depth migration method recurs the wave field according to the propagation direction from the surface to the underground, and when the wave field reaches the target layer and is incident, the wave field has multiple incidence directions, and only when the wave field is incident perpendicularly on the target layer, the target area can achieve optimal imaging, and the multiple incidence directions can cause that the target layer cannot achieve better imaging. Therefore, how to improve the imaging effect of the target layer becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a target prestack depth migration imaging method which is used for improving the imaging quality of target prestack depth migration imaging. The method comprises the following steps:
determining the inclination angle of a target layer at the target depth according to the acquired stratum data; synthesizing a first operator for controlling the incidence direction of a wave field when the wave field reaches a target layer at a target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer; extending the first operator to the earth surface in a forward direction to obtain a second operator, wherein the depth of the earth surface is 0; and determining prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a target prestack depth migration imaging device for improving the imaging quality of target prestack depth migration imaging, the device includes:
the determining module is used for determining the inclination angle of the target layer at the target depth according to the acquired stratum data; the synthesis module is used for synthesizing a first operator of an incidence direction when the control wave field reaches the target layer at the target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer determined by the determination module; the synthesis module is further configured to forward extend the first operator to the earth surface to obtain a second operator, where the depth of the earth surface is 0; the determining module is further configured to determine pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator obtained by the synthesizing module.
In the embodiment of the application, a first operator of an incidence direction when a control wave field at the target depth reaches the target layer is determined through the dip angle of the target layer at the target depth, then the first operator is extended to the earth surface in a forward direction to determine a second operator, and then pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth is determined according to the second operator. That is to say, the method determines the first operator for controlling the incidence direction of the wave field underground, and then determines the propagation direction recursion wave field from the earth surface to the underground according to the first operator.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for pre-stack depth migration imaging of interest according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for pre-stack depth migration imaging of interest provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a velocity field in acquired formation data provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single shot record provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first operator provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a pre-stack depth migration imaging object obtained by a conventional pre-stack migration imaging method provided by the prior art according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a pre-stack depth migration image of interest at partial magnification of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a pre-stack depth migration imaging of a target layer using the target pre-stack depth migration imaging method provided herein;
FIG. 9 is a partial enlargement of FIG. 8 showing a pre-stack depth shift image of interest;
fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a target prestack depth migration imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are provided herein to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.
The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description and drawings of the present application are used for distinguishing different objects or for distinguishing different processes for the same object, and are not used for describing a specific order of the objects.
Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, as referred to in the description of the present application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
The application provides a prestack depth migration imaging method, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps 101 to 104:
step 101, determining the inclination angle of the target layer at the target depth according to the acquired formation data.
It should be noted that the target depth can be set artificially according to the depth of the target layer to be imaged.
Illustratively, referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a velocity field in acquired formation data, where the dashed line is near the destination, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the dip of the destination is 0 degrees, and further, the black arrows indicate the direction of incidence of the controlled wavefield.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 4, for a shot record derived from existing formation data, the offset of the shot record is between-2.5 kilometers and 2.5 kilometers.
And 102, synthesizing a first operator of the incident direction when the control wave field reaches the target layer at the target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer.
Optionally, the first operator is used to control the incidence direction of the wavefield to the destination layer at the target depth to be normal incidence. Therefore, the second operator obtained by forward continuation of the first operator can control the incident direction of the wave field reaching the target layer to be vertical incidence, and therefore better prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer is obtained. Illustratively, the resulting first operator is shown in FIG. 5.
Alternatively, it can be according to a formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000041
Calculating a first operator Tβ(zm) Wherein β is the inclination angle of the target layer at the target depth, zmIs the target depth, w is the seismic frequency, i is the imaginary number, v (z)m) Is the average velocity, x, of the formation at the target depthkThe lateral position of the surface seismic source k is k, k is 1,2, …, and n is the number of surface seismic sources.
Since the earth surface seismic sources are excited at multiple locations on the earth's surface at different times, there are multiple lateral locations of the earth surface seismic sources.
It should be noted that the first operator is used to control the incident direction of the wave field when reaching the target layer at the target depth, but is used to actually control the incident direction of the wave field when reaching the target layer, that is, the first operator needs to be recurred to the earth surface to be applied to the actual data, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the incident direction of the wave field incident on the target layer underground.
And 103, forward extending the first operator to the earth surface to obtain a second operator.
Wherein the depth of the earth surface is 0.
Optionally, the obtained second operator may be denoted as Tβ(zm→z0) Wherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0001975904370000042
and controlling the operator coefficient for the corresponding destination layer wave field at the surface seismic source k.
It should be noted that the algorithms for forward continuation and reverse continuation are disclosed in the prior art, and are not described herein.
And step 104, determining prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator.
After the second operator is calculated, the prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth may be determined using the prestack depth migration imaging method provided in the prior art.
Alternatively, to further improve the effect of the prestack depth migration imaging of the destination layer, referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, step 104 may also be performed as following steps 1041 to 1044:
and 1041, rotating the second operator according to at least two specified angles to obtain at least two third operators.
The designated angle is selected in the range of-90 degrees to 90 degrees. Illustratively, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, or-10 degrees, etc. may be selected as the designated angle.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the formula may be based on
Figure BDA0001975904370000051
Calculating at least two third calculi
Figure BDA0001975904370000052
Wherein, thetaiTo a selected specified angle, z0Is the depth of the earth's surface,
Figure BDA0001975904370000053
operator coefficients are controlled for the corresponding destination layer wavefield at surface source k,
Figure BDA0001975904370000054
from Tβ(zm) Forward continuation to the surface to obtain v (z)0) Is the average velocity of the formation at the surface.
And 1042, respectively synthesizing a surface shot seismic source and surface shot records by taking each third operator as a synthesis operator.
Alternatively, it can be according to a formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000055
Calculating surfaceGun seismic source Sareal(z0) (ii) a According to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000056
Calculating face shot record Pareal(z0) (ii) a Wherein, S (z)0) As a seismic source at the surface, P (z)0) A recorded wavefield at the surface.
And 1043, determining the prestack depth migration imaging of the at least two target layers with the specified angles according to the surface shot source and the surface shot record.
Alternatively, pre-stack depth migration imaging for at least two specified angles may be determined using the following method: starting from the earth surface to a forward extension surface gun seismic source of the target depth, and recording a reverse extension surface gun to obtain an extension result; and according to the continuation result, applying cross-correlation condition imaging to each depth layer until the maximum depth of the velocity field to obtain prestack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles.
Wherein the depth layer is obtained by dividing the destination layer according to different depths, for example, if the depth range of the destination layer is 30 meters to 50 meters, and the depth layer is divided according to 5 meters, the destination layer can be divided into 4 depth layers, i.e., 30 meters to 35 meters, 35 meters to 40 meters, 40 meters to 45 meters, and 45 meters to 50 meters.
Wherein, the speed field covers the destination layer, and the destination layer is in the coverage range of the speed field.
Optionally, according to the continuation result, applying the cross-correlation condition imaging to each depth layer until the maximum depth of the target layer to obtain pre-stack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles, including: according to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000057
Determining thetaiDepth layer z of anglelCross correlation imaging results of
Figure BDA0001975904370000058
Superposing the cross-correlation imaging result of each depth layer to obtain pre-stack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles; wherein, Pareal(zl) Is flourBackward continuation of cannon record to depth layer zlWave field of S* areal(zl) For forward extension of surface gun seismic source to depth layer zlIs conjugated to the wavelength of (a).
And step 1044, superposing the prestack depth migration imaging of at least two specified angles to obtain the prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth.
Alternatively, a formula may be utilized
Figure BDA0001975904370000061
Stacking at least two pre-stack depth migration images with specified angles to obtain a pre-stack depth migration image I of a target layer at a target depthall(x,zl)。
In the embodiment of the application, the second operator obtained by extending the first operator at the specified angle is selected to obtain a plurality of third operators, and then the plurality of third operators are used for determining the prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer, which means that the prestack depth migration imaging is further corrected on the basis of obtaining better prestack depth migration imaging by using the second operator, so that the obtained prestack depth migration imaging has better quality.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 6, a target prestack depth migration imaging is obtained by using a conventional prestack migration imaging method provided by the prior art on the basis of the single shot record shown in fig. 4, and fig. 7 is a target prestack depth migration imaging obtained by partially enlarging fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a pre-stack depth migration image of the same target layer as that in fig. 6 obtained after the subsequent steps are performed using the specified angles determined for every 5 degrees between angles-30 degrees and 30 degrees as specified angles, that is, when-30 degrees, -25 degrees, … degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, and 30 degrees are used as specified angles based on the single shot record shown in fig. 4, and fig. 9 is a target pre-stack depth migration image obtained by partially enlarging fig. 8.
Comparing the imaging contained by the ellipses in fig. 6 and 8 with the imaging at the locations indicated by the arrows, and the imaging at the locations indicated by the arrows in fig. 7 and 9, it can be seen that the imaging energy and the continuity of the on-axis near the target layer in fig. 8 and 9 are both significantly improved.
In the embodiment of the application, a first operator of an incidence direction when a control wave field at the target depth reaches the target layer is determined through the dip angle of the target layer at the target depth, then the first operator is extended to the earth surface in a forward direction to determine a second operator, and then pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth is determined according to the second operator. That is to say, the method determines the first operator for controlling the incidence direction of the wave field underground, and then determines the propagation direction recursion wave field from the earth surface to the underground according to the first operator.
The embodiment of the present application provides a target prestack depth migration imaging apparatus, as shown in fig. 10, the apparatus 1000 includes a determining module 1001 and a synthesizing module 1002.
The determining module 1001 is configured to determine, according to the acquired formation data, an inclination angle of the destination layer at the target depth.
A synthesis module 1002, configured to synthesize a first operator controlling an incidence direction of the wave field when reaching the destination layer at the target depth according to the dip of the destination layer determined by the determination module 1001.
The synthesis module 1002 is further configured to forward extend the first operator to the earth's surface to obtain a second operator, where the depth of the earth's surface is 0.
The determining module 1001 is further configured to determine pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator obtained by the synthesizing module 1002.
Optionally, the first operator is used to control the incidence direction of the wavefield to the destination layer at the target depth to be normal incidence.
Optionally, the determining module 1001 is configured to:
rotating the second operator according to at least two specified angles to obtain at least two third operators;
taking each third operator as a synthesis operator to respectively synthesize a surface shot seismic source and surface shot records;
determining pre-stack depth migration imaging of at least two specified angle target layers according to the surface shot seismic source and the surface shot record;
and superposing at least two pre-stack depth migration images of specified angles to obtain the pre-stack depth migration image of the target layer at the target depth.
Optionally, the synthesizing module 1002 is configured to:
according to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000071
Calculating a first operator Tβ(zm);
Wherein β is the angle of inclination of the destination layer at the target depth, zmIs the target depth, w is the seismic frequency, i is the imaginary number, v (z)m) Is the average velocity, x, of the formation at the target depthkThe lateral position of the surface seismic source k is k, k is 1,2, …, and n is the number of surface seismic sources.
Optionally, the determining module 1001 is configured to:
according to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000072
Calculating at least two third calculi
Figure BDA0001975904370000073
Wherein, thetaiTo a selected specified angle, z0Is the depth of the earth's surface,
Figure BDA0001975904370000074
operator coefficients are controlled for the corresponding destination layer wavefield at surface source k,
Figure BDA0001975904370000075
from Tβ(zm) Forward continuation to the surface to obtain v (z)0) Is the average velocity of the formation at the surface.
Optionally, the determining module 1001 is configured to:
according to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000076
Computer surface gun seismic source Sareal(z0);
According to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000077
Calculating face shot record Pareal(z0);
Wherein, S (z)0) As a seismic source at the surface, P (z)0) A recorded wavefield at the surface.
Optionally, the determining module 1001 is configured to:
starting from the earth surface to a forward extension surface gun seismic source of the target depth, and recording a reverse extension surface gun to obtain an extension result;
and according to the continuation result, applying cross-correlation condition imaging on each depth layer until the maximum depth of the velocity field to obtain prestack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles, wherein the depth layers are obtained by dividing the target layer according to different depths, and the velocity field covers the target layer.
Optionally, the determining module 1001 is configured to:
according to the formula
Figure BDA0001975904370000081
Determining thetaiDepth layer z of anglelCross correlation imaging results of
Figure BDA0001975904370000082
Superposing the cross-correlation imaging result of each depth layer to obtain pre-stack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles;
wherein, Pareal(zl) Recording backward continuation to depth layer z for surface shotlWave field of S* areal(zl) For forward extension of surface gun seismic source to depth layer zlIs conjugated to the wavelength of (a).
In the embodiment of the application, a first operator of an incidence direction when a control wave field at the target depth reaches the target layer is determined through the dip angle of the target layer at the target depth, then the first operator is extended to the earth surface in a forward direction to determine a second operator, and then pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth is determined according to the second operator. That is to say, the method determines the first operator for controlling the incidence direction of the wave field underground, and then determines the propagation direction recursion wave field from the earth surface to the underground according to the first operator.
The embodiment of the application provides a computer device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the target prestack depth migration imaging method.
An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing a target pre-stack depth offset imaging method.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A method of pre-stack depth migration imaging of interest, the method comprising:
determining the inclination angle of a target layer at the target depth according to the acquired stratum data;
synthesizing a first operator for controlling the incidence direction of a wave field when the wave field reaches a target layer at a target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer;
extending the first operator to the earth surface in a forward direction to obtain a second operator, wherein the depth of the earth surface is 0;
and determining prestack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first operator is arranged to control the direction of incidence of the wavefield to the destination layer at the target depth to be normal incidence.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein determining pre-stack depth migration imaging at a target depth according to a second operator comprises:
rotating the second operator according to at least two specified angles to obtain at least two third operators;
taking each third operator as a synthesis operator to respectively synthesize a surface shot seismic source and surface shot records;
determining pre-stack depth migration imaging of at least two specified angle target layers according to the surface shot seismic source and the surface shot record;
and superposing at least two pre-stack depth migration images of specified angles to obtain the pre-stack depth migration image of the target layer at the target depth.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein synthesizing a first operator at the target depth that controls the direction of incidence of the wavefield upon reaching the destination layer based on the dip of the destination layer comprises:
according to the formula
Figure FDA0001975904360000011
Calculating a first operator Tβ(zm);
Wherein β is the angle of inclination of the destination layer at the target depth, zmIs the target depth, w is the seismic frequency, i is the imaginary number, v (z)m) Is the average velocity, x, of the formation at the target depthkThe lateral position of the surface seismic source k is k, k is 1,2, …, and n is the number of surface seismic sources.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein rotating the second operator by at least two specified angles to obtain at least two third operators comprises:
according to the formula
Figure FDA0001975904360000012
Calculating at least two third calculi
Figure FDA0001975904360000013
Wherein, thetaiTo a selected specified angle, z0Is the depth of the earth's surface,
Figure FDA0001975904360000021
operator coefficients are controlled for the corresponding destination layer wavefield at surface source k,
Figure FDA0001975904360000022
from Tβ(zm) Forward continuation to the surface to obtain v (z)0) Is the average velocity of the formation at the surface.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein synthesizing the surface shot source and surface shot records separately with each third operator as a synthesis operator comprises:
according to the formula
Figure FDA0001975904360000023
Computer surface gun seismic source Sareal(z0);
According to the formula
Figure FDA0001975904360000024
Calculating face shot record Pareal(z0);
Wherein, S (z)0) As a seismic source at the surface, P (z)0) A recorded wavefield at the surface.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein determining pre-stack depth migration imagery for at least two specified angles from a surface shot source and a surface shot record comprises:
starting from the earth surface to a forward extension surface gun seismic source of the target depth, and recording a reverse extension surface gun to obtain an extension result;
and according to the continuation result, applying cross-correlation condition imaging on each depth layer until the maximum depth of the velocity field to obtain prestack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles, wherein the depth layers are obtained by dividing the target layer according to different depths, and the velocity field covers the target layer.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the applying cross-correlation condition imaging at each depth layer according to the continuation result until the maximum depth of the destination layer to obtain pre-stack depth shift imaging under at least two specified angles comprises:
according to the formula
Figure FDA0001975904360000025
Determining thetaiDepth layer z of anglelCross correlation imaging results of
Figure FDA0001975904360000026
Superposing the cross-correlation imaging result of each depth layer to obtain pre-stack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles;
wherein, Pareal(zl) Recording backward continuation to depth layer z for surface shotlWave field of S* areal(zl) For forward extension of surface gun seismic source to depth layer zlIs conjugated to the wavelength of (a).
9. A pre-stack depth migration imaging apparatus of interest, the apparatus comprising:
the determining module is used for determining the inclination angle of the target layer at the target depth according to the acquired stratum data;
the synthesis module is used for synthesizing a first operator of an incidence direction when the control wave field reaches the target layer at the target depth according to the inclination angle of the target layer determined by the determination module;
the synthesis module is further configured to forward extend the first operator to the earth surface to obtain a second operator, where the depth of the earth surface is 0;
the determining module is further configured to determine pre-stack depth migration imaging of the target layer at the target depth according to the second operator obtained by the synthesizing module.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the determining module is configured to:
rotating the second operator according to at least two specified angles to obtain at least two third operators;
taking each third operator as a synthesis operator to respectively synthesize a surface shot seismic source and surface shot records;
determining pre-stack depth migration imaging of at least two specified angle target layers according to the surface shot seismic source and the surface shot record;
and superposing at least two pre-stack depth migration images of specified angles to obtain the pre-stack depth migration image of the target layer at the target depth.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the determining module is configured to:
starting from the earth surface to a forward extension surface gun seismic source of the target depth, and recording a reverse extension surface gun to obtain an extension result;
and according to the continuation result, applying cross-correlation condition imaging on each depth layer until the maximum depth of the velocity field to obtain prestack depth migration imaging under at least two specified angles, wherein the depth layers are obtained by dividing the target layer according to different depths, and the velocity field covers the target layer.
12. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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