CN111609967A - Testing device and method for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment - Google Patents
Testing device and method for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111609967A CN111609967A CN202010209376.9A CN202010209376A CN111609967A CN 111609967 A CN111609967 A CN 111609967A CN 202010209376 A CN202010209376 A CN 202010209376A CN 111609967 A CN111609967 A CN 111609967A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/007—Leak detector calibration, standard leaks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G5/00—Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/38—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using light
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing device and method of distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, and belongs to the field of oil-gas-water well testing instruments. The test device comprises: sleeve pipe, oil pipe, optic fibre, air supply and liquid source, sheathed tube both ends are airtight end, the sleeve pipe suit is in on the oil pipe, the sleeve pipe with form the annular space between the oil pipe, be equipped with into the drain pipe on the sleeve pipe, advance the drain pipe be used for with the liquid source intercommunication, the both ends of oil pipe are airtight end, be equipped with at least one leak point on the oil pipe, oil pipe passes through the leak point with the annular space communicates with each other, oil pipe be used for with the air supply intercommunication, the optic fibre cartridge is in the oil pipe, optic fibre is including being used for the first end of being connected with distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, the first end and the second end equipartition of optic fibre are in the sleeve pipe with outside the oil pipe. The method can verify the feasibility of monitoring the leakage of the gas storage shaft by the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology and the reliability of the detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of oil-gas-water well testing instruments, in particular to a testing device and method of distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment.
Background
The gas storage is an artificial gas field or a gas reservoir formed by reinjecting commodity natural gas conveyed by a long-distance pipeline into an underground space. When the gas storage is in operation, the problem of leakage of a shaft can exist, the leakage of the shaft can cause the annular pressure, and a safety accident can be caused in the serious case.
For wellbore leaks, related art proposes monitoring by spectral noise logging techniques. The working principle of the frequency spectrum noise logging technology is that natural sound field information is obtained through a modern sound sensing monitoring technology by utilizing a natural sound field generated by fluid flowing in a well, and whether a shaft leaks or not is determined after the natural sound field information is analyzed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a testing device and a testing method for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, which can verify the feasibility of monitoring the leakage of a gas storage shaft by a distributed optical fiber monitoring technology and the reliability of a detection result. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a testing apparatus for a distributed optical fiber monitoring device is provided, where the testing apparatus for a distributed optical fiber monitoring device includes: a sleeve, an oil pipe, an optical fiber, an air source and a liquid source,
the two ends of the sleeve are closed ends, the sleeve is sleeved on the oil pipe, an annular space is formed between the sleeve and the oil pipe, the sleeve is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe which is used for being communicated with the liquid source,
the two ends of the oil pipe are closed ends, the oil pipe is provided with at least one leakage point, the oil pipe is communicated with the annular space through the leakage point, the oil pipe is used for being communicated with the gas source,
the optical fiber is inserted into the oil pipe and comprises a first end used for being connected with distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, and the first end and the second end of the optical fiber are both arranged outside the sleeve and the oil pipe.
Optionally, oil pipe is formed by a plurality of nipple joints of intercommunication in order, and the junction of two adjacent nipple joints is equipped with the coupling, coupling and corresponding nipple joint threaded connection, the leak point is the clearance between coupling and the corresponding nipple joint.
Optionally, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises at least one noise meter,
the noise meter is in one-to-one correspondence with the leakage point, the noise meter is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the noise meter is over against the corresponding leakage point.
Optionally, the testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device further includes a flow meter, and the flow meter is installed on the liquid inlet and outlet pipe.
Optionally, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises a pressure gauge,
the pressure gauge is arranged outside the oil pipe and is used for detecting the pressure of gas in the oil pipe.
Optionally, a length of a portion of the optical fiber at the second end side of the optical fiber disposed outside the ferrule and the oil tube is equal to or greater than 5 m.
On the other hand, a test method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device is provided, which is implemented by adopting the test apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device, and the test method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device comprises the following steps:
connecting a first end of the optical fiber with distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment;
communicating the gas source with the oil pipe, injecting gas into the oil pipe, communicating the liquid source with the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, and injecting liquid into the annulus until the annulus is full of liquid;
placing the sleeve pipe obliquely relative to the working platform so as to discharge the liquid in the annular space through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, wherein the included angle between the sleeve pipe and the working platform is 30-60 degrees;
operating the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, and determining a detection result of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, wherein the detection result comprises detected leakage points and positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe;
and determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not based on the detection result, the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe.
Optionally, the distributed optical fiber monitoring device comprises a distributed acoustic sensor device, the testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device further comprises at least one noise meter, the number of the noise meters is consistent with the number of the leakage points, the noise meter is installed on the outer wall of the casing pipe, the noise meter is over against the corresponding leakage point,
correspondingly, the determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable based on the detection result, the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe includes:
determining whether the number of the detected leakage points of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is consistent with the positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe, the actual number of the leakage points is consistent with the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe or not;
when the quantity of the leakage point that distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment detected out and the leakage point that detects out are in position on the oil pipe, with the actual quantity of leakage point with the leakage point is in when the actual position on the oil pipe is unanimous, based on the acoustic wave characteristic that the leakage point that distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment detected out corresponds and the acoustic wave characteristic that the noise meter measured, confirm whether distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable.
Optionally, the leakage point is a leakage point with adjustable leakage amount, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises a flowmeter, the flowmeter is mounted on the liquid inlet and outlet pipe,
the testing method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises the following steps:
adjusting the leakage amount of the leakage point, recording the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts, and determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not when the leakage amounts are different;
and taking the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts as the instantaneous leakage amount, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage amount of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not in different leakage amounts.
Optionally, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring apparatus further comprises a pressure gauge disposed outside the oil pipe for detecting the pressure of the gas injected from the gas source into the oil pipe,
the testing method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises the following steps:
adjusting the pressure of the gas injected from the gas source into the oil pipe according to the pressure measured by the pressure gauge;
estimating the pressure difference between the annulus and the oil pipe according to the pressure of the gas injected into the oil pipe from the gas source, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage rate of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment under the corresponding pressure difference according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not at different leakage rates.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
the sleeve is sleeved on the oil pipe, an annulus is formed between the sleeve and the oil pipe, liquid can be injected into the annulus through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe arranged on the sleeve, the oil pipe is communicated with an air source, gas is injected into the oil pipe, and the gas in the oil pipe can leak into the annulus through a leakage point, so that the leakage situation of a shaft of a gas storage can be simulated; the optical fiber is arranged in the oil pipe, when gas in the oil pipe leaks, vibration is generated near a leakage point and temperature change is caused, the optical fiber can sense the vibration and the temperature change, the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment monitors the sensing of the optical fiber, and the feasibility of the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology and the reliability of a detection result can be verified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus of a distributed optical fiber monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an oil pipe provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a testing method of a distributed optical fiber monitoring apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the drawings, the reference numbers of the various parts are as follows:
a distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, 1 sleeve, 11 liquid inlet and outlet pipes, 2 oil pipes, 21 annular spaces, 22 short sections, 23 couplings, 3 optical fibers, 4 gas sources, 5 liquid sources, 6 leakage points, 7 noise meters, 8 flow meters, 9 pressure meters, 10 plugs, 31 first multimode optical fibers, 32 second multimode optical fibers, 33 first spare optical fibers and 34 second spare optical fibers.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Distributed fiber monitoring is one of the spectral noise logging techniques. In order to improve the safety of injection and production operation of the gas storage, distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is introduced to monitor whether a shaft of the gas storage leaks or not in real time. The Distributed fibre optic monitoring equipment may comprise DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing) equipment and DTS (Distributed Temperature Sensing) equipment. Both DAS and DTS are fiber optic sensors. The structure of the DAS device and the DTS device is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The measurement principle of DAS devices consists of sending out light pulses along an optical fibre, some of which interfere with the incident light in the form of backscatter within the pulse; when external vibration acts on the optical fiber, linear change of the phase of interference light at the corresponding position is caused; the interference light is reflected back, and meanwhile, the acoustic wave signal is brought back to the optical fiber along the line to obtain the measurement result of the acoustic wave vibration of each meter of optical fiber, and whether the optical fiber vibrates along the line and the vibration position can be analyzed by combining the linear change of the phase of the interference light. The measurement principle of the DTS device comprises that when a laser pulse is coupled into a sensing optical fiber and the pulse propagates forwards along the optical fiber, backward Raman scattering is generated, two spectrums of Stokes (Stokes) and AntiStokes (anti-Stokes) in the spectrums are collected, wherein the intensity of the AntiStokes light is related to the temperature, and the distributed temperature value along the optical fiber is demodulated through a related algorithm. The sensing optical fiber can be arranged in a shaft, when the shaft leaks, the leaking part can vibrate and the ambient temperature can change, and the DAS equipment and the DTS equipment are used as the basis for monitoring the shaft leakage.
At present, the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology is not applied to the field of gas storage, and feasibility of the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology and reliability of detection results need to be verified. Based on this, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a testing device and a testing method for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, which can verify the feasibility of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment in real-time monitoring leakage of a gas storage well shaft and the reliability of a detection result, determine the monitoring precision and range, recognize the frequency spectrum characteristics of the leakage, and provide a basis for leakage monitoring of a well-entering oil casing.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus of a distributed optical fiber monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, the testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device includes: casing 1, oil pipe 2, optic fibre 3, liquid source 5 and gas source 4.
The two ends of the sleeve 1 are closed ends, the sleeve 1 is sleeved on the oil pipe 2, an annular space 21 is formed between the sleeve 1 and the oil pipe 2, the sleeve 1 is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11, and the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11 is communicated with the liquid source 5.
The two ends of the oil pipe 2 are closed ends, at least one leakage point 6 is arranged on the oil pipe 2, the oil pipe 2 is communicated with the annular space 21 through the leakage point 6, and the oil pipe 2 is used for being communicated with the gas source 4.
The optical fiber 3 is inserted in the oil pipe 2, the optical fiber 3 comprises a first end used for being connected with the distributed optical fiber monitoring device A, and both the first end and the second end of the optical fiber 3 are arranged outside the sleeve 1 and the oil pipe 2.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the sleeve 1 is sleeved on the oil pipe 2, an annulus 21 is formed between the sleeve 1 and the oil pipe 2, liquid can be injected into the annulus 21 through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11 arranged on the sleeve 1, the oil pipe 2 is communicated with the gas source 4, gas is injected into the oil pipe 2, and the gas in the oil pipe 2 can leak into the annulus 21 through the leakage point 6, so that the leakage condition of a shaft of a gas storage can be simulated; the optical fiber 3 is arranged in the oil pipe 2, when gas in the oil pipe 2 leaks, vibration is generated near the leakage point 6 and temperature change is caused, the optical fiber 3 can sense the vibration and temperature change, and the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment A monitors the sensing of the optical fiber 3, so that the feasibility of the distributed optical fiber 3 monitoring technology and the reliability of a detection result are verified.
Illustratively, the sleeve 1 may be a 7 "sleeve, and the side wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11.
Illustratively, the oil pipe 2 may be a 4 "oil pipe, with the end of the oil pipe 2 in communication with the gas source 4.
Illustratively, the optical fiber 3 is matched with a distributed fiber monitoring device a.
Illustratively, the gas source 4 is a nitrogen gas source.
Illustratively, the liquid source 5 is a water source or a brine source.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil pipe provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 2, for example, the oil pipe 2 is formed by sequentially communicating a plurality of short joints 22, a coupling 23 is arranged at the joint of two adjacent short joints 22, the coupling 23 is in threaded connection with the corresponding short joint 22, and the leak point 6 is a gap between the coupling 23 and the corresponding short joint 22.
The leakage amount of the leakage point 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness degree of the threaded connection between the coupling 23 and the corresponding nipple 22.
The number of the leakage points 6 can be 1, and when only 1 leakage point 6 exists, the distance between the position of the leakage point 6 and the position of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11 is greater than the set distance, so that the leaked gas is prevented from leaking from the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11 at a high speed, and the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment A cannot monitor the leaked gas.
Optionally, the leak 6 is located in a central position of the oil pipe 2.
Illustratively, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring apparatus a further comprises a flow meter 8, and the flow meter 8 is mounted on the liquid inlet and outlet pipe 11.
In simulating a wellbore leak, the casing 1 will be tilted at an angle (e.g., 30-60) relative to horizontal, and the inlet and outlet pipes 11 will discharge fluid, and the flow meter 8 can measure the flow rate of the discharged fluid, thereby measuring the instantaneous leak. When the leakage amount of the leakage point 6 is adjustable, the reliability of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device a in different leakage amounts can be verified, so that a monitoring blind area of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device a is determined (for example, when the leakage amount is smaller than a certain leakage amount, the distributed optical fiber monitoring device a cannot monitor), and a monitoring range of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device a is determined.
The structure of the flow meter 8 is not limited in this embodiment, and any commercially available flow meter may be used.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, the tubing 2 is illustratively provided with plugs 10 at both ends and the casing 1 is also provided with plugs at both ends so that the space inside the tubing 2 is isolated from the annulus 21.
The tubing 2 may be located completely within the casing 1, or both ends of the tubing 2 may extend outside the casing 1, or both ends of the tubing 2 may be flush with both ends of the casing 1. When the positions of the oil pipe 2 terminal and the sleeve 1 terminal are changed, the structure of the plug 10 is changed correspondingly.
When the oil pipe 2 is completely positioned in the casing 1, referring to fig. 3, the plug 10 of the oil pipe 2 and the plug of the casing 1 are both circular plugs, and the plug 10 of the oil pipe 2 and the plug of the casing 1 are both provided with optical fiber holes.
When both ends of the oil pipe 2 extend out of the casing 1 or both ends of the oil pipe 2 are flush with both ends of the casing 1, the plug 10 of the oil pipe 2 can be a circular plug, the plug 10 of the oil pipe 2 is provided with an optical fiber hole, and the plug of the casing 1 can be an annular plug.
Illustratively, the optical fiber 3 is an armored optical fiber. The armored optical fiber is generally provided with a layer of metal armor inside a sheath, so that a fiber core inside the armored optical fiber is protected, and the armored optical fiber has the functions of resisting strong pressure, stretching and biting insects and the like. Optionally, the portion of the optical fiber 3 inside the tubing 2 and casing 1 is armored, and the portion of the optical fiber 3 outside the tubing 2 and casing 1 need not be armored.
Illustratively, the optical fiber 3 is a multimode optical fiber 3. The number of optical fibers 3 is determined by the distributed fiber monitoring apparatus a. When the distributed optical fiber monitoring apparatus a includes DAS equipment and DTS equipment, referring to fig. 4, the optical fiber 3 includes a first multimode optical fiber 31 and a second multimode optical fiber 32, one end of the first multimode optical fiber 31 is connected to the DAS equipment, and one end of the second multimode optical fiber 32 is connected to the DTS equipment.
Optionally, the optical fiber 3 further comprises a first spare optical fiber 33 and a second spare optical fiber 34, the first spare optical fiber 33 corresponding to DAS equipment and the second spare optical fiber 34 corresponding to DTS equipment. The four optical fibers may be twisted together to form a combined optical fiber. Thus, if the first multimode optical fiber 31 is damaged, the first spare optical fiber 33 can be used to connect with the DAS device, and if the second multimode optical fiber 32 is damaged, the second spare optical fiber 34 can be used to connect with the DTS device.
Exemplarily, the length of the part of the optical fiber at the second end side of the optical fiber 3 arranged outside the casing 1 and the tubing 2 is equal to or larger than 5 m. In this way, the second end side of the optical fiber 3 is exposed to the outside for a sufficient length to prevent a visual error zone from occurring when the distributed optical fiber monitoring apparatus a monitors.
The test rig of the distributed fibre monitoring installation a further comprises, exemplarily, at least one noise meter 7. The noise meters 7 are in one-to-one correspondence with the leakage points 6, the noise meters 7 are installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 1, and the noise meters 7 are over against the corresponding leakage points 6.
Illustratively, a mounting bracket may be provided which cooperates with the noise meter 7, which may be removably connected to the outer wall of the casing 1, on which mounting bracket the noise meter 7 may be mounted. When the noise meter 7 is facing the corresponding leak 6, the line connecting the leak 6 and the center of the noise meter 7 is perpendicular to the oil pipe 2. The noise meter 7 can directly measure the frequency spectrum of the acoustic wave corresponding to the leakage generated at the leakage point 6, and whether the frequency spectrum of the acoustic wave measured by the DAS device is reliable can be determined by using the measurement result of the noise meter 7.
The present embodiment does not limit the structure of the noise meter 7, and any commercially available noise meter may be used.
The testing apparatus of the distributed fiber monitoring device a further includes, illustratively, a pressure gauge 9. A pressure gauge 9 is arranged outside the oil pipe 2, and the pressure gauge 9 is used for detecting the pressure of the gas inside the oil pipe 2.
The present embodiment is not limited to the structure of the pressure gauge 9, and any commercially available pressure gauge may be used.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a testing method of a distributed optical fiber monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 5, the testing method flow of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device includes the following steps.
The testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device may be the testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device shown in fig. 1, and the specific structure thereof is as described above, and is not described herein again.
And 102, connecting the first end of the optical fiber with distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment.
And 103, communicating a gas source with the oil pipe, injecting gas into the oil pipe, communicating a liquid source with the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, and injecting liquid into the annular space until the annular space is full of liquid.
The casing may be placed across the work platform and then gas injected into the tubing via a gas source and liquid injected into the annulus between the casing and the tubing via a liquid source and the fluid inlet and outlet tubes. When liquid is filled in the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe, the annular space is full of liquid.
And 104, obliquely placing the sleeve relative to the working platform to discharge the liquid in the annular space through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, wherein the included angle between the sleeve and the working platform can be 30-60 degrees.
When the sleeve is obliquely arranged relative to the working platform, the liquid inlet and outlet pipe is positioned at the lower end of the sleeve, and the position of a leakage point is higher than that of the liquid inlet and outlet pipe. This is because the nitrogen gas escapes upward in the annular space after leakage, and if the liquid inlet and outlet pipe is arranged at a position higher than the leakage point, the escaped nitrogen gas may also escape from the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, which affects the accuracy of leakage monitoring. The second end of optic fibre is located the higher one end of sleeve pipe, and distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, air supply and liquid source equipartition are put on work platform, and the air supply passes through the lower one end intercommunication of trachea and oil pipe, and the pressure gauge setting is on the trachea.
In practical application, a shaft of the gas storage is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 30-60 degrees, so that when the included angle between the casing and the working platform is 30-60 degrees, the gas storage can be truly simulated.
And 105, operating the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, and determining a detection result of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, wherein the detection result comprises the detected leakage points and the positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe.
The detection result of the DAS equipment is time domain information and frequency domain information of sound waves. The detection result of the DTS equipment is the temperature distribution information of the optical fiber. When the oil pipe has no leakage, DAS equipment and DTS equipment are adopted for measurement, and time domain information and frequency domain information of sound waves and temperature distribution information of optical fibers when no leakage exists are obtained. Comparing the time domain information and the frequency domain information of the sound wave when no leakage exists with the time domain information and the frequency domain information of the sound wave when leakage exists, and comparing the temperature distribution information of the optical fiber with the temperature distribution information of the optical fiber when leakage exists, wherein the difference part can be used as a leakage point.
And step 106, determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not based on the detection result, the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe.
When the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is DAS equipment, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises at least one noise meter, the number of the noise meters is consistent with the number of the leakage points, the noise meters are installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the noise meters are over against the corresponding leakage points. Accordingly, step 106 may include the following steps 106a-106 b.
And 106a, determining whether the number of the detected leakage points of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment and the positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe are consistent with the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe.
And when the number of the detected leakage points and the positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe are consistent with the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe, executing the step 106 b.
And 106b, determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not based on the acoustic wave characteristics corresponding to the leakage points detected by the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment and the acoustic wave characteristics measured by the noise meter.
In particular, the acoustic signature includes a frequency spectrum, and the frequencies corresponding to the leak points are generally distinguished from other points. The frequency corresponding to the leakage point detected by the DAS equipment can be compared with the frequency corresponding to the leakage point detected by the noise meter, and whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not can be determined.
Optionally, the testing apparatus of the distributed optical fiber monitoring device further includes a flow meter, and the flow meter is installed on the liquid inlet and outlet pipe.
Correspondingly, the testing method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises the steps 107-108.
And 107, adjusting the leakage amount of the leakage point, recording the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts, and determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not when different leakage amounts exist.
And step 108, taking the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts as the instantaneous leakage amount, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage amount of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not in different leakage amounts.
Illustratively, the testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises a pressure gauge arranged outside the oil pipe, and the pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure of the gas injected into the oil pipe from the gas source. Accordingly, step 107 further comprises: the pressure of the gas injected from the gas source into the oil pipe is adjusted according to the pressure measured by the pressure gauge.
Step 108 further comprises: and estimating the pressure difference between the annulus and the oil pipe according to the pressure of the gas injected into the oil pipe from the gas source, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage rate of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment under the corresponding pressure difference according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not at different leakage rates.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the sleeve is sleeved on the oil pipe, an annulus is formed between the sleeve and the oil pipe, liquid can be injected into the annulus through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe arranged on the sleeve, the oil pipe is communicated with a gas source, gas is injected into the oil pipe, and the gas in the oil pipe can leak into the annulus through a leakage point, so that the leakage condition of a shaft of a gas storage can be simulated; the optical fiber is arranged in the oil pipe, when gas in the oil pipe leaks, vibration is generated near a leakage point and temperature change is caused, the optical fiber can sense the vibration and the temperature change, and the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment monitors the sensing of the optical fiber, so that the feasibility of the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology and the reliability of a detection result are verified.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the size of the leakage point needs to be adjusted to simulate different leakage amounts after the oil pipe and the casing are combined and disassembled. By comparing the corresponding spectrum characteristics of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment when different leakage amounts are compared, the accuracy and the lower measurement limit of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment can be analyzed, and the reliability of the DAS equipment can be verified by comparing the test results of the noise meter and the DAS equipment.
The above description is intended to be exemplary only and not to limit the present disclosure, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure is to be considered as the same as the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is characterized by comprising: a sleeve (1), an oil pipe (2), an optical fiber (3), an air source (4) and a liquid source (5),
the two ends of the sleeve (1) are closed ends, the sleeve (1) is sleeved on the oil pipe (2), an annular space (21) is formed between the sleeve (1) and the oil pipe (2), the sleeve (1) is provided with a liquid inlet and outlet pipe (11), the liquid inlet and outlet pipe (11) is used for being communicated with the liquid source (5),
the two ends of the oil pipe (2) are closed ends, at least one leakage point (6) is arranged on the oil pipe (2), the oil pipe (2) is communicated with the annular space (21) through the leakage point (6), the oil pipe (2) is used for being communicated with the gas source (4),
the optical fiber (3) is inserted in the oil pipe (2), the optical fiber (3) comprises a first end used for being connected with the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment (A), and the first end and the second end of the optical fiber (3) are both arranged outside the sleeve (1) and the oil pipe (2).
2. The testing device of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to claim 1, wherein the oil pipe (2) is formed by a plurality of short joints (22) which are communicated in sequence, a coupling (23) is arranged at the joint of two adjacent short joints (22), the coupling (23) is in threaded connection with the corresponding short joint (22), and the leakage point (6) is a gap between the coupling (23) and the corresponding short joint (22).
3. Testing device of a distributed fibre optic monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one noise meter (7),
the noise meter (7) corresponds to the leakage points (6) one by one, the noise meter (7) is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve (1), and the noise meter (7) is right opposite to the corresponding leakage points (6).
4. Testing device of a distributed fibre optic monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a flow meter (8), said flow meter (8) being mounted on said liquid inlet and outlet pipes (11).
5. The testing device of distributed fiber optic monitoring equipment according to claim 4, further comprising a pressure gauge (9),
the pressure gauge (9) is arranged outside the oil pipe (2), and the pressure gauge (9) is used for detecting the pressure of gas in the oil pipe (2).
6. A test rig of a distributed fibre optic monitoring apparatus according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the length of the part of the optical fibre at the second end side of the optical fibre (3) arranged outside the casing (1) and the tubing (2) is equal to or larger than 5 m.
7. A testing method for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, which is implemented by using the testing device for distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
connecting a first end of the optical fiber with distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment;
communicating the gas source with the oil pipe, injecting gas into the oil pipe, communicating the liquid source with the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, and injecting liquid into the annulus until the annulus is full of liquid;
placing the sleeve pipe obliquely relative to the working platform so as to discharge the liquid in the annular space through the liquid inlet and outlet pipe, wherein the included angle between the sleeve pipe and the working platform is 30-60 degrees;
operating the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, and determining a detection result of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment, wherein the detection result comprises detected leakage points and positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe;
and determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not based on the detection result, the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the testing apparatus further comprises at least one noise meter, the number of the noise meters is the same as the number of the leakage points, the noise meters are mounted on the outer wall of the casing, the noise meters are opposite to the corresponding leakage points,
correspondingly, the determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable based on the detection result, the actual number of the leakage points and the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe includes:
determining whether the number of the detected leakage points of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is consistent with the positions of the detected leakage points on the oil pipe, the actual number of the leakage points is consistent with the actual positions of the leakage points on the oil pipe or not;
when the quantity of the leakage point that distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment detected out and the leakage point that detects out are in position on the oil pipe, with the actual quantity of leakage point with the leakage point is in when the actual position on the oil pipe is unanimous, based on the acoustic wave characteristic that the leakage point that distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment detected out corresponds and the acoustic wave characteristic that the noise meter measured, confirm whether distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable.
9. The testing method of distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to claim 7, wherein the leakage point is a leakage point with adjustable leakage amount, the testing device of distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises a flowmeter, the flowmeter is installed on the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe,
the testing method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises the following steps:
adjusting the leakage amount of the leakage point, recording the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts, and determining whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not when the leakage amounts are different;
and taking the unit flow of the flowmeter aiming at different leakage amounts as the instantaneous leakage amount, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage amount of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not in different leakage amounts.
10. The method of testing a distributed fiber optic monitoring apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a pressure gauge disposed outside the oil pipe for detecting a pressure of the gas injected into the oil pipe from the gas source,
the testing method of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment further comprises the following steps:
adjusting the pressure of the gas injected from the gas source into the oil pipe according to the pressure measured by the pressure gauge;
estimating the pressure difference between the annulus and the oil pipe according to the pressure of the gas injected into the oil pipe from the gas source, and determining the monitoring range of the instantaneous leakage rate of the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment under the corresponding pressure difference according to the determination result of whether the distributed optical fiber monitoring equipment is reliable or not at different leakage rates.
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