CN111608710A - Full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod - Google Patents
Full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN111608710A CN111608710A CN202010517561.4A CN202010517561A CN111608710A CN 111608710 A CN111608710 A CN 111608710A CN 202010517561 A CN202010517561 A CN 202010517561A CN 111608710 A CN111608710 A CN 111608710A
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- anchor rod
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod which comprises a rod body, wherein a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the outer surface of the rod body, a yielding pipe and a tray are sequentially connected to the upper portion of the rod body from top to bottom, a resistance-increasing structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rod body, the yielding pipe comprises a yielding ring, two sides of the yielding ring are respectively provided with a tightening section, the tightening sections are connected with the rod body, and a gap is reserved between the yielding ring and the rod body. The invention not only enables the supporting body to have certain supporting strength during supporting, improves the integrity of the reinforced surrounding rock, but also ensures that the supporting system has certain yielding performance, and under the premise of achieving high prestress of the anchor rod, the stress of the anchor rod can be increased to maintain the stability of the tunnel; the pressure yielding pipe has a protection effect on the rod body, and the support of the pressure yielding anchor rod can adapt to the problems of large deformation, high ground stress and the like in engineering; the anchor rod support solves the drainage problem in common anchor rod support, combines the drainage function with the anchor rod, and can enhance the drainage effect and increase the drainage efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a yielding anchor rod, in particular to a full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod.
Background
Along with the expansion of engineering construction to areas with complex engineering geological conditions, more and more projects with high ground stress, large deformation, rock burst, dynamic load and other problems, such as underground cavern projects, provide new requirements for the supporting technology of surrounding rocks. In the underground engineering excavation process, the strength of the surrounding rock is lower than the secondary stress, the surrounding rock enters a plastic deformation stage and forms a plastic zone, if the surrounding rock is not supported in time, the surrounding rock on the top of the surrounding rock is easy to collapse, and the collapsed part forms a collapsed arch within a certain depth range of the surrounding rock on the top. The stability of surrounding rocks of the underground cavern is the key of large-scale underground engineering construction, and the anchoring support is an important means for ensuring the stability of the underground cavern. The underground cavern anchoring support mode comprises an anchor rod, an anchor rope, a concrete spraying hanging net and the like. The anchor rod type commonly used in rock underground engineering is a full-length adhesive anchor rod, the deformation of surrounding rocks is limited by utilizing the strength and the rigidity of the anchor rod after excavation of a cavern and by transferring stress through an anchoring interface such as mortar or resin anchoring agent, and the like, so that the aims of reinforcing rock mass and restraining deformation are fulfilled. At present, the nonuniformity of the distribution of the resistance of the full-length adhesive anchor rod on the side of the interface between the anchoring body and the surrounding rock under the action of load is widely acknowledged, but different recognitions exist on the specific distribution form of the full-length adhesive anchor rod, and a plurality of scholars carry out intensive research on the distribution form.
The existing supporting mode still has some problems, for example, an anchor rod used in the supporting process is a normal strong rod body, and the high elongation of the normal strong rod body is not enough to control the deformation of the surrounding rock under the condition of high ground stress; the single anchor rods are adopted for supporting, when tunnel surrounding rock deforms, the tunnel moves inwards to extrude the surrounding rock, so that the surrounding rock between the anchor rods is caused, the surrounding rock between the anchor rods is broken, the tunnel is easy to deform integrally, and the surface supporting efficiency is low; large deformation of the engineering is difficult to adapt; in addition, there are few examples of combining the anchoring means and the drainage means. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing yielding anchor rod and a supporting method thereof, which are adaptive to engineering, convenient to construct and low in cost, and integrate anchoring and drainage functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod integrating anchoring and drainage functions.
The technical scheme is as follows: the resistance-increasing device comprises a rod body, wherein a plurality of drain holes are formed in the outer surface of the rod body, a pressure-yielding pipe and a tray are sequentially connected to the upper portion of the rod body from top to bottom, a resistance-increasing structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rod body, the pressure-yielding pipe comprises a pressure-yielding ring, two sides of the pressure-yielding ring are respectively provided with a tightening section, the tightening sections are connected with the rod body, and a gap is reserved between the pressure-yielding ring and the rod body.
The rod body adopts a hollow rod body, the outer surface of the rod body is provided with threads in a whole length mode, and resistance between the rock-soil body and the rod body can be increased to enhance the anchoring effect.
The surface parcel of the body of rod has the filter cloth, has poured the concrete in the body of rod, can prevent that the relatively poor ground of water permeability from blockking up drainage channel, can strengthen the drainage performance again.
The resistance increasing structure adopts a wedge-shaped resistance increasing structure and is welded at the anchoring end at the bottom of the rod body so as to increase the resistance of the anchoring section.
The resistance-increasing structure is made of hard materials, and the outside of the resistance-increasing structure is provided with a bonding material which can expand when meeting water, so that the bonding force of the wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure is further increased.
Let the intensity and the ductility of pressing the pipe all be higher than the body of rod, let press the pipe and can get into the yield stage before the body of rod, play the guard action to the body of rod.
The compression section of the pressure let pipe is fixed with the rod body through a nut.
The top of the tray is fixed with the rod body through a nut.
The intensity of nut is not less than the body of rod and lets the intensity of pressing the pipe.
Both sides of the tray are in contact with the surrounding rock.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following advantages:
(1) simple structure, low production and manufacturing cost, simple installation steps and convenient construction.
(2) The invention not only enables the supporting body to have certain supporting strength during supporting, improves the integrity of the reinforced surrounding rock, but also ensures that the supporting system has certain yielding performance, and under the premise of achieving high prestress of the anchor rod, the stress of the anchor rod can be increased to maintain the stability of the tunnel; let the pressure pipe have the guard action to the body of rod, let the support of pressure stock can adapt to big deformation and high ground stress scheduling problem in the engineering, have fine application prospect.
(3) The anchor rod support solves the drainage problem in common anchor rod support, avoids the traditional modes of a drainage pipe, a drainage ditch and the like, combines the drainage function with the anchor rod, and can enhance the drainage effect and increase the drainage efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure pipe and the rod body according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the drain hole of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the high-strength hollow pole body of the invention comprises a pole body 1, wherein the pole body 1 is a high-strength hollow pole body, the high-strength hollow pole body is a main stressed member of the invention, the strength of the high-strength hollow pole body is required to meet engineering requirements and requirements of tensile failure resistance and shearing failure resistance, and the length and specification of the required high-strength hollow pole body can be designed according to actual engineering requirements. The upper portion of the rod body 1 is connected with a pressure yielding pipe 3 and a tray 5 from top to bottom in sequence, and the anchoring end at the bottom is welded with a resistance increasing structure 6. The outer surface of the rod body 1 is provided with thick threads throughout, and a plurality of water discharge holes 7 are uniformly arranged at intervals, as shown in fig. 3. The high-strength coarse thread can increase the resistance between the rock-soil body and the rod body 1 so as to enhance the anchoring effect; the rod body 1 is provided with the drain hole 7 throughout, so that water in rock and soil bodies can be drained, the drainage rate is increased, the anchoring purpose is achieved, and the drainage function is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the yielding pipe 3 comprises a yielding ring 32, two ends of the yielding ring 32 are respectively provided with a tightening section 31, the tightening sections 31 are connected with the rod body 1 in a seamless manner and are fixed on the rod body 1 through a first damping nut 2 and a second damping nut 4 respectively, a gap is reserved between the yielding ring 32 and the rod body 1, and the purpose of yielding can be achieved through deformation of the yielding ring 32. The lower part of the second damping nut 4 is fixed with a tray 5, the damping nut must meet the strength requirement of applying prestress, and the strength of the damping nut is not lower than that of the rod body 1 and the yielding pipe 3 so as to be anchored better. Let the intensity and the ductility of pressing pipe 3 all be superior to the cavity body of rod that excels in, its intensity and ductility are the important factor that realizes letting press, let press pipe 3 can release the deformation of the variable property of country rock, active control country rock, adapt to the influence of the big deformation scheduling problem of country rock, let press pipe 3 can get into the yield stage before the body of rod 1, play the guard action to the body of rod 1.
The tray 5 is a high-strength bowl-shaped tray, a hole is formed in the center, the high-strength hollow rod body penetrates through the tray during assembly, and the strength of the tray needs to meet the requirement of anchoring. The top of the high-strength bowl-shaped tray is connected with a second damping nut 4, and two sides of the high-strength bowl-shaped tray are in contact with surrounding rocks. The resistance-increasing structure 6 is wedge-shaped in appearance and can be made of hard materials such as steel, and the resistance of the anchoring section can be increased by the structure. And the bonding material of the water-swellable polyurethane acrylate polymer is arranged outside the wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure, so that the bonding force of the wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure is further increased. The filter cloth with good water permeability can be wrapped on the outer surface of the high-strength hollow rod body embedded into the drilled hole, so that loose rock-soil bodies are prevented from blocking the drain holes. In addition, can pour pervious concrete in the body of rod 1, can prevent that the relatively poor ground body of water permeability from blockking up drainage channel, can strengthen the drainage performance again. The anchoring parts are all coated with epoxy resin protective materials, so that the corrosion of underground water to an anchoring system can be prevented.
The supporting method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the grade of surrounding rock of the tunnel according to engineering investigation and design, and selecting the shape and the size of the section of the tunnel according to the actual condition of the tunnel;
(2) determining deformation and secondary stress distribution of the surrounding rock;
(3) determining a yielding deformation value and a yielding distance of the yielding anchor rod;
(4) determining support parameters such as specification and model of the yielding anchor rod, length and space of the rod body, row spacing and the like;
(5) determining the installation load of the yielding anchor rod and selecting a supporting scheme of tunnel surrounding rock;
(6) support of the yielding anchor rod is carried out:
6-1) pre-punching, preparing pervious concrete, welding a wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure at the end part of the anchoring section of the high-strength hollow rod body, and smearing epoxy resin protective layers on all parts required by supporting;
6-2) placing the high-strength hollow rod body wrapped with the filter cloth into the drill hole, and injecting pervious concrete;
6-3) mounting a high-strength bowl-shaped tray, a damping nut and a pressure relief pipe;
6-4) screwing the damping nut and applying prestress;
(7) and (4) checking and testing the yielding anchor rod before supporting, and putting the yielding anchor rod into use after the yielding anchor rod is inspected and tested to be qualified.
The invention arranges the full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type pressure-increasing anchor rod consisting of the high-strength hollow rod body with the full-length water discharge holes 7, the damping nut, the pressure-increasing pipe 3, the high-strength bowl-shaped tray, the wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure and the like in the surrounding rock, achieves the aim of removing water in the rock-soil body and simultaneously anchors the rock-soil body. In consideration of improving the working performance of the anchor rod and improving the stable supporting capability of the anchor rod, the processing process and the detailed structure of the prestress yielding anchor rod are improved. For example, the thread part of the anchor tail of the prestress yielding anchor rod is subjected to strengthening heat treatment, so that the strength of the thread part is greater than that of the rod body 1, the anchor rod is prevented from being broken or sheared at the anchor tail, the anchor rod has better extensibility, and the extension function of the anchor rod body is fully exerted. In consideration of the fact that the rolling and thread rolling processes during the processing may damage the local strength of the anchor rod, resulting in the unequal strength of the anchor rod, care should be taken or some special processes should be performed during the processing of the anchor rod.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full length cavity drainage resistance-increasing formula lets presses stock, includes the body of rod (1), its characterized in that, body of rod (1) surface be equipped with a plurality of wash ports (7), body of rod (1) upper portion from last to having connected gradually under to let press pipe (3) and tray (5), body of rod (1) bottom has linked firmly resistance-increasing structure (6), let press pipe (3) including letting clamping ring (32), let the both sides of clamping ring (32) all be equipped with one section and reduce section (31), reduce section (31) and be connected with the body of rod (1), let clamping ring (32) and body of rod (1) between leave the clearance.
2. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the rod body (1) is a hollow rod body, and the outer surface of the hollow rod body is provided with threads throughout.
3. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer surface of the rod body (1) is wrapped with filter cloth, and concrete is poured into the rod body (1).
4. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the resistance-increasing structure (6) is a wedge-shaped resistance-increasing structure and is welded at an anchoring end of the bottom of the rod body (1).
5. The full length hollow drainage resistance increasing type yielding bolt according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the resistance increasing structure (6) is made of hard material and is provided with water-swelling adhesive material on the outside.
6. The full length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding bolt according to claim 1, wherein the strength and ductility of the yielding pipe (3) are higher than those of the bolt body (1).
7. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the tightening section (31) of the yielding pipe (3) is fixed with the rod body (1) through a nut.
8. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the top of the tray (5) and the rod body (1) are fixed through a nut.
9. The full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding bolt according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the strength of the nut is not lower than that of the bolt body (1) and the yielding pipe (3).
10. The full length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding bolt according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that both sides of the tray (5) are in contact with surrounding rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010517561.4A CN111608710A (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010517561.4A CN111608710A (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111608710A true CN111608710A (en) | 2020-09-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010517561.4A Pending CN111608710A (en) | 2020-06-09 | 2020-06-09 | Full-length hollow drainage resistance-increasing type yielding anchor rod |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111608710A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112664249A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-16 | 绍兴文理学院 | Let and press multistage big deformation stock that bears of adjustable length |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112664249A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-16 | 绍兴文理学院 | Let and press multistage big deformation stock that bears of adjustable length |
| CN112664249B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-02-01 | 绍兴文理学院 | Let and press multistage big deformation stock that bears of adjustable length |
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Application publication date: 20200901 |