CN111607635A - Blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional body and application kit thereof - Google Patents

Blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional body and application kit thereof Download PDF

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CN111607635A
CN111607635A CN202010585509.2A CN202010585509A CN111607635A CN 111607635 A CN111607635 A CN 111607635A CN 202010585509 A CN202010585509 A CN 202010585509A CN 111607635 A CN111607635 A CN 111607635A
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nucleic acid
blood
acid binding
functional body
shaped functional
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CN111607635B (en
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李佩佩
姜晓滨
李蒙航
袁志杰
范琦
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12QMEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6806Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay

Abstract

The invention discloses a blood genome DNA extraction method based on a 3D printing special-shaped functional body and an application kit thereof, belonging to the field of nucleic acid extraction and separation. The invention uses lysis solution to perform lysis treatment on a sample, and uses a 3D printing special-shaped functional body to perform combination, separation and purification of nucleic acid. The method can be held in a lysis solution, a cleaning solution and an eluent by hands or machines to quickly transfer the 3D printing functional body, does not need time-consuming and tedious steps such as liquid transfer, centrifugation and the like, has low manual labor density, low cost, high flux, high quality of obtained nucleic acid, low requirements on equipment and operation space, and has automatic and high-flux downstream application prospects. Furthermore, the invention also provides an application kit for the nucleic acid extraction process. The invention solves the problems of complex preparation, time consumption, low flux and the like of target nucleic acid in the existing PCR in-vitro amplification technology, and has wide application prospect of rapid detection of blood pathogen.

Description

Blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional body and application kit thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nucleic acid extraction and separation, and particularly relates to a blood genome DNA extraction method based on a 3D printing special-shaped functional body and an application kit thereof.
Background
Diseases transmitted through the blood often cause significant infectious diseases, which raises global public health safety issues. Prevention of such infectious diseases is mainly based on three principles: the method is characterized by controlling the infection source, cutting off the transmission path and protecting susceptible people, wherein the most effective prevention means is to find the infection source as soon as possible by detecting the pathogen and cut off the transmission, and a convenient, quick, high-flux and high-sensitivity pathogen detection method is sought, which is the key problem of improving the detection efficiency and accuracy. Currently, the commonly used pathogen detection methods include: pathogenic detection, immunological detection and molecular biological detection.
The etiology detection is usually carried out by thick and thin blood film staining microscopy, and the method has the advantages of simple operation, low price, capability of identifying pathogenic species and the like, is widely used for etiology diagnosis of diseases, and is one of the most commonly used methods at present. However, the blood membrane staining microscopy method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, has high requirements on microscopy personnel and low sensitivity, and is easy to cause missed detection of pathogens to cause continuous spread of diseases. The immunochromatography technology is another common method for pathogen detection, and has the advantages of simple operation, portability and low equipment requirement. But the method has higher economic cost, obvious difference of detection results due to environment, humidity and sample state detection, high false negative or false positive rate and low detection sensitivity.
The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology is a commonly used technology for molecular biological detection, is amplified based on nucleic acid as a target, has the advantages of high sensitivity, good specificity and rapid detection compared with pathogenic detection and immunological diagnosis, and is widely applied to in vitro PCR diagnosis of disease pathogens at present. However, the problems of complicated process, time consumption, low throughput, etc. in extracting genomic DNA from blood for in vitro PCR diagnosis of disease pathogens have become bottlenecks that limit the application of molecular detection technology in clinical.
Nucleic acid is extracted from complex biological samples, and liquid phase extraction methods such as phenol chloroform extraction and trizol method are gradually eliminated because of heavy pollution and large sample demand. Solid phase separation, especially magnetic separation, can avoid complicated centrifugal operation and a plurality of manual operation errors in the traditional nucleic acid separation process by virtue of the performance that magnetic nanoparticles are combined with nucleic acid and can rapidly move in an external magnetic field, and is considered to have the prospect of downstream high-throughput and automatic application. However, the inherent aggregation and sedimentation effects of the nanoparticles are difficult to avoid, and the efficiency and stability of nucleic acid extraction are severely limited. The difficulty in desorbing nucleic acid by magnetic nanoparticles and the low efficiency of nucleic acid extraction are common problems, and although the problem is reported to be avoided by directly using the compound of the magnetic nanoparticles and the nucleic acid as a PCR template, the magnetic particles have strong inhibition effect on the PCR amplification process, and the elution process is inevitable. For non-magnetic solid phase separation techniques, such as traditional column extraction, etc., the separation of the solid phase carrier bound with nucleic acid from the lysate system still requires tedious operations such as multi-step centrifugation or repeated pipetting, resulting in labor intensity and low flux.
Based on this, it is the key point of research to develop a simple, high-throughput, fast nucleic acid extraction and detection method. The first problem to be solved is how to ensure the extraction quality and improve the flux to achieve the aims of high flux, rapidness, simplicity and convenience by limiting the control step of high flux in the whole process, namely nucleic acid extraction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a blood genome DNA extraction method based on a 3D printing special-shaped functional body, aiming at the problems of complex process, time consumption, low flux and the like of extracting genome DNA from blood at present.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional bodies comprises the following steps:
(1) cracking the blood sample to be detected by using a cracking solution;
(2) extending the nucleic acid binding region of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body into the solution obtained in the step (1) through hand holding or machine holding to carry out nucleic acid binding;
(3) completing the 3D printing special-shaped functional body in the step (2) by hand-held or machine-held movement, and extending the nucleic acid binding region into a cleaning solution to clean the nucleic acid;
(4) taking out the 3D printing special-shaped functional body which is finished in the step (3) by hand holding or machine holding, and drying;
(5) and (3) placing the nucleic acid binding region of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body which is finished in the step (4) into an eluent by hand or machine, and eluting to obtain the eluent, namely the blood genome DNA.
Specifically, in the above technical solution, the blood sample to be tested in step (1) includes whole blood separated from the human or animal body, red blood cells removed from the supernatant, and dried blood spots.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned technical solution, the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is a micro-element having an "umbrella" type structure obtained by 3D printing technology using photosensitive resin or thermoplastic as a raw material, and includes a nucleic acid binding region and a handle region.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned technical solution, the 3D printing special-shaped functional body contains 1 or at least two nucleic acid binding regions, and when the at least two nucleic acid binding regions are present, the handle regions are connected together side by means of the connecting region; the nucleic acid binding region is a cone with dimensions: 2-5mm (diameter of cone bottom) multiplied by 5-20mm (height); the handle area is a cylinder or a cuboid, one end of the handle area is connected with the center of the conical bottom of the nucleic acid binding area to form an umbrella-shaped structure; the surface of the nucleic acid binding region is flat or has uneven microstructures, and the uneven microstructures comprise a screw thread support structure, a groove structure, a porous structure and a protruding structure; the uneven microstructure can be in any shape and distributed at any position on the outer surface of the nucleic acid binding region; the porous structure can be in nanometer and micrometer sizes, and the shape of the porous structure can be a sphere, a cube or an irregular shape; the nucleic acid binding region is loaded or unloaded with a particulate material comprising inorganic salt particles comprising silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, manganese dioxide and a metal particulate material; the nucleic acid binding region may be modified with or without functional groups including hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino groups. The handle area is cylindrical or cuboid, the diameter of the cylinder is 2-5mm, the length of the cuboid is 2-5mm, and the width of the cuboid is 1-5 mm; the connecting area is a cuboid, and the overall height h of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is 2.1cm-10cm (length) multiplied by 2-10mm (width) multiplied by 1-5mm (height).
Furthermore, a special-shaped functional body is accurately prepared on a printer by utilizing a 3D printing technology, and the nucleic acid combining area, the handle area and the connecting area can be integrally prepared or separately prepared; when the parts are prepared separately, the assembly of the nucleic acid binding region and the handle region may be performed by adhesion.
Specifically, in the above technical solution, the lysis solution in step (1) refers to a buffer solution capable of releasing nucleic acid in a sample into a solution, and includes: CTAB lysate, NaHCO3Lysis solution, Chelex lysis solution, proteinase K lysis solution or SDS lysis solution.
Specifically, in the above-described technical solution, the CTAB lysate includes: 1-3% of CTAB, 0.5-5M NaCl, 0.01-0.05M EDTA, 0.05-0.5M Tris-HCl and 0.05-0.5% of mercaptoethanol, wherein the NaHCO is3The lysis solution comprises: 0.05-1.00M NaHCO30.5-10% SDS, the Chelex lysate comprises: 0.5-20% of Chelex-100 and 0.2-5M of DTT, wherein the proteinase K lysate comprises: 20-500 mmol of Tris-HCl, 10-50 mmol of EDTA, 100-1000 mmol of NaCl, 0.1-10% of SDS and 5-30 mu g/mL of proteinase K; the SDS lysate comprises the following components: 1-20% SDS, 0-30 μ g/mL proteinase K.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned technical scheme, RNA digesting enzyme may or may not be added to the lysate. The treatment time of the cracking process is 1min-24h, and the treatment temperature is 0-100 ℃.
In the above technical solution, the step (2) of combining nucleic acids is performed, specifically, a nucleic acid combining region of the 3D printed special-shaped functional body is extended into the lysate obtained in the step (1), an auxiliary combining solvent is added or not added, and the lysate is agitated by shaking the 3D printed special-shaped functional body, wherein the auxiliary combining solvent may be one or a mixed solution of isopropanol and absolute ethyl alcohol, and the volume of the auxiliary combining solvent is 0.6 to 0.8 times of the volume of the lysate; and the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is used for combining nucleic acid, and the combination time is 5s-5 min.
In the above technical solution, the step (3) of cleaning nucleic acid is specifically to manually or mechanically move the handle region end of the 3D printed special functional body combined with the target nucleic acid into a container with a cleaning solution, so that the nucleic acid combining region extends into the cleaning solution to clean nucleic acid, and the 3D printed special functional body is stirred in the cleaning solution. The washing in the step (3) is generally 1 to 5 times; the cleaning time is 2s-1min each time; preferably, the cleaning solution comprises 70-80% alcohol.
In the above technical solution, the drying process in step (4) can be performed at room temperature or under heating, and the drying process time is 1min-2 h;
in the above-mentioned technical solution, the elution in step (5) is performed for 5s-5min, and the elution solution can be water with appropriate concentration or high concentration for convenient storage, PBS, TE buffer solution, downstream PCR reaction solution, etc., preferably, the TE buffer solution is used in the present invention, and the TE buffer solution comprises the following specific components: 10mM Tris-HCl, 1mM EDTA (pH 8.0).
The invention also provides an application kit of the blood genome DNA extraction method based on the 3D printing special-shaped functional body. Specifically, the kit comprises the following components:
(1)3D printing special-shaped functional bodies;
(2) lysis solution
(3) Proteinase K;
(4) RNA digestive enzyme
(5) Cleaning fluid;
(6) eluting the solution;
(7) a fixed mount;
(8) and (5) operating instructions.
The 3D printing special-shaped functional body is a micro-element which is prepared from photosensitive resin or thermoplastic plastics as raw materials by a 3D printing technology, consists of a nucleic acid binding area and a handle area, has an umbrella-shaped structure, and is connected with the micro-element by a connecting areaConnecting a plurality of micro-elements with umbrella-shaped structures side by side; the lysis solution comprises CTAB lysis solution and NaHCO3One of a lysate, a Chelex lysate, a proteinase K lysate, or an SDS lysate; the cleaning solution comprises 70-80% of alcohol; the eluent comprises one of water, PBS, TE buffer solution and downstream PCR reaction solution; the fixing frame is a structure capable of fixing and arranging a plurality of 3D printing special-shaped functional bodies.
The 3D printing special-shaped functional body is in any structure as described above, preferably a structure which is used by matching 8-row tubes and contains 8 nucleic acid binding regions as shown in FIG. 1(b), and can be broken off for use when being used singly; the mount is for can fixing, arrange the structure that the special functional body was printed to several 3D for a plurality of 3D print special functional body and can remove along with the mount simultaneously, match perforated plate or a plurality of centrifuging tube and use.
Has the advantages that: the method for obtaining the blood DNA provided by the invention can extract and separate the target DNA with high efficiency, simplicity, convenience, rapidness and high flux, and has the advantages obviously advanced to the prior art:
1) according to the blood DNA extraction method provided by the invention, the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is adopted to separate and purify the nucleic acid, and the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is quickly transferred by mechanical force to complete the separation, so that the bottleneck restriction that the traditional non-magnetic nucleic acid solid-phase separation depends on multi-step centrifugation and liquid transfer operation is avoided, and the labor force is remarkably saved; meanwhile, when the 3D printing special-shaped functional body can be matched with an 8-row pipe, a 96-pore plate or a 384-pore plate for use, high-flux operation is realized, which is an important breakthrough of the low general flux of the existing extraction technology;
2) the blood DNA extraction method provided by the invention adopts a 3D printing special-shaped functional body to separate and purify nucleic acid, and is a solid phase nucleic acid separation method. In solid phase nucleic acid separation, magnetic separation is generally considered to be rapid and have high throughput, and the method of the present invention can achieve a faster separation speed, a simpler operation process and a more stable separation effect than magnetic separation. The 3D printing special-shaped functional body is used for separating nucleic acid, the nucleic acid can be separated and purified from the lysate within 1-5min, and complicated and time-consuming operations such as liquid transfer, centrifugation and the like are not needed; magnetic separation usually takes about 14.5min and requires multiple pipetting operations (Zou Y, Mason MG, Wang Y, Wee E, Turni C, Blackall PJ, et al (2017) Nucleic acid purification from plants, animals and microbes in under 30seconds. PLoS Biol 15(11): E2003916.). Meanwhile, the problems of insufficient nucleic acid combination, impurity wrapping and the like caused by the problems of sedimentation, aggregation and the like of magnetic bead particles are completely avoided by adopting 3D printing, so that the stability and the quality of nucleic acid extraction are effectively guaranteed;
3) the raw materials of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body provided by the invention are cheap and easy to obtain; the printing process is convenient and quick, and the economic cost can be obviously reduced;
4) the blood DNA extraction method provided by the invention does not depend on complex operations such as centrifugation, liquid transfer and the like, can realize artificial low-labor-density high-throughput nucleic acid separation, and the whole process can be within 1m2The operation is finished in the operating environment, so that the space is saved, and the use flexibility is high; meanwhile, the blood extraction method based on the 3D printing special-shaped functional body can also transfer the 3D printing special-shaped functional body among lysis solution, cleaning solution and eluent through designing programmed equipment, so that automation is realized, the labor cost is further reduced, and the method is favorable for promoting the downstream molecular technology, particularly the accurate and rapid diagnosis of pathogenic pathogens in blood, such as the clinical application of plasmodium PCR in-vitro diagnosis.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing special-shaped functional body according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a single 3D printing special-shaped functional body, and (b) is an octal 3D printing special-shaped functional body.
FIG. 2 is an agarose gel electrophoresis image of example 2 of the present invention, wherein lanes 1-4 are filter blood No. 1-4 samples of 3D7 strain Plasmodium falciparum, lanes 5-8 are filter blood No. 5-8 samples of P.vivax infected patients, and lane M is DL2000 Marker.
FIG. 3 is an agarose gel electrophoresis image of example 3 of the present invention, wherein lanes 1-8 are samples of tussah pupa blood 1-8 infected with baculovirus, and lane M is DL2000 Marker.
In the figure, 1, nucleic acid binding region; 2. a handle region; 3. a connecting region.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the examples. It should be noted that the following description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The materials, actual equipment and experimental equipment related to the embodiment of the invention are all in accordance with the commercial products in the biotechnology field if no special description is given.
The primers related to the embodiment of the invention are synthesized by entrusted bioengineering company, and the specific primer information is as follows:
SEQ ID NO:1:
5’-TCAAAGATTAAGCCATGCAAGTGA-3’
SEQ ID NO:2:
5’-CCTGTTGTTGCCTTAAACTTC-3’
SEQ ID NO:3:
5’-TTTTTATAAGGATAACTACGGAAAAGCTGT-3’
SEQ ID NO:4:
5’-TACCCGTCATAGCCATGTTAGGCCAATACC-3’
example 1
Photosensitive resin (PAA) is used as a raw material, and a light curing reaction is carried out under the illumination of 400-800nm by adopting a DLP digital image projection 3D printing technology, so that the 3D printing special-shaped functional body with a regular structure is prepared: the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is of an umbrella-shaped structure, the single 3D printing special-shaped functional body is composed of a nucleic acid binding area 1 and a handle area 2, the nucleic acid binding area 1 is a cone, the handle area 2 is a cylinder, and the center of the cone bottom of the nucleic acid binding area 1 is connected with one bottom surface of the handle area 2. Specifically, the kit comprises 1 monomer functional body with a single nucleic acid binding region 1, wherein the width of the nucleic acid binding region 1 is 5mm, the height of the nucleic acid binding region 1 is 10mm, the outer surface of the nucleic acid binding region 1 is provided with a thread and groove structure, and the height of a handle region 2 is 35 mm. The single 3D print special feature function is shown in fig. 1 (a).
20 mu L of whole blood from a human source and pig blood source which are frozen in a laboratory are respectively placed in two EP tubes, and 1 XPBS 60 mu L of whole blood is added for suspension and even mixing. Adding 80 microliter of 2 multiplied lysis solution (200mmol of Tris-HCl, 50mmol of EDTA, 1000mmol of NaCl and 2 percent of SDS) and 5 microliter of proteinase K solution into an EP tube, shaking and mixing uniformly, placing in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, adding 60 microliter of absolute ethyl alcohol and placing in a 3D printing special-shaped functional body, enabling a nucleic acid binding area of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body to extend into the solution, holding a handle area by hand, shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body mixing solution slightly, transferring the 3D printing special-shaped functional body into an 8-row EP tube preset with 100 microliter of a cleaning buffer (75 percent alcohol) after 10 seconds, enabling the nucleic acid binding area to extend into the cleaning buffer, holding the handle area by hand, shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body up and down for 5 seconds, and repeatedly transferring in the cleaning buffer for 2 to 3 times; the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is taken out from the washing Buffer, residual liquid drops on the 3D printing special-shaped functional body are thrown off, the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is dried in a blast incubator at 37 ℃ for 2 minutes and is placed in 40 mu L of elution Buffer (TE), the nucleic acid binding area extends into the elution Buffer, the handle area is held by hands, and elution is carried out by gently shaking for 30 s. The obtained eluate was measured by UV spectrophotometer to have DNA concentrations of 45.060 ng/. mu.L and 53.273 ng/. mu.L, A260/280 of 1.806 and 1.798, and A260/230 of 1.882 and 1.756, respectively.
This example demonstrates that the method of the present invention can rapidly extract genomic DNA from an animal blood sample with high DNA purity, low contamination, and good quality.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of special-shaped functional body
Photosensitive resin (PAA) is used as a raw material, and a light curing reaction is carried out under the illumination of 400-800nm by adopting a DLP digital image projection 3D printing technology, so that the 3D printing special-shaped functional body with a regular structure is prepared: the 3D prints special shape function body is the structure similar to the umbelliform, eight ally oneself with 3D and prints special shape function body and comprises nucleic acid bonding region 1, handle district 2 and joining region 3, nucleic acid bonding region 1 is the cone, handle district 2 is the cylinder, joining region 3 is rectangular shape, 1 awl end central point in nucleic acid bonding region puts and is connected with a bottom surface in handle district 2, another bottom surface in handle district 2 is connected with joining region 3, connect 8 single 3D side by side on joining region 3 and print special shape function bodies, form eight ally oneself with 3D and print special shape function body. The kit specifically comprises an octa-linked functional body with 8 nucleic acid binding regions 1, wherein the width of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is 3.8mm, the height of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is 10mm, the outer surface of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is provided with a thread and groove structure, and the height of a handle region 2 is 20 mm. The functional body for eight-link 3D printing special shapes is shown in fig. 1 (b).
(2) Genomic DNA extraction
Taking an artificially cultured filter paper blood sample of 3D7 strains of falciparum malaria and a filter paper blood sample of a patient infected with plasmodium vivax, respectively taking 4 disc dry blood spot blood samples with the diameter of 3mm from the two samples by using a puncher, placing the samples in 8 sample holes of an 8-row EP tube, and respectively numbering 1-4 # and 5-8 #. Adding 80 microliter of lysis solution (100mmol of Tris-HCl, 25mmol of EDTA, 500mmol of NaCl and 1% of SDS) and 5 microliter of proteinase K solution into an EP tube, shaking and uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, adding 60mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and putting a 3D printing special-shaped functional body, enabling a nucleic acid binding area of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body to extend into the solution, holding a handle area by hand or machinery, slightly shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body uniformly-mixing solution, transferring the 3D printing special-shaped functional body into an 8-row EP tube which is preset with 100 microliter of cleaning buffer (75% alcohol) after 10 seconds, enabling the nucleic acid binding area to extend into the cleaning buffer, holding the handle area by hand or machinery, slightly shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body up and down for 5 seconds, and repeatedly transferring in the cleaning buffer for 2-3 times; and taking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body out of the washing Buffer, throwing away residual liquid drops on the 3D printing special-shaped functional body, drying in a blast incubator at 37 ℃ for 1 minute, placing in 40 mu L of elution Buffer (TE), extending the nucleic acid binding area into the elution Buffer, holding the handle area by hand or machinery, and slightly shaking for 30s for elution. And quantifying 1 mu L of the obtained eluent by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, wherein the concentration is 19.882-25.734 ng/mu L, the A260/280 is 1.775-1.893, and the A260/230 is 1.792-1.945. And freezing the rest nucleic acid at-20 ℃ for later use.
(3) The DNA is used for in vitro PCR diagnosis
The extracted blood genome DNA is used as a template, nested PCR (nested PCR) is selected, and the target plasmodium genome gene is amplified.
The first step of PCR: each 25. mu.L system contains 0.5. mu.L of each of the outer primers (10pM) shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 and SEQ ID NO. 2, 2. mu. L, rTaq 0.25 of the template DNA, 2.5. mu.L of 10 XBuffer, 2. mu.L of dNTPs, and 17.25. mu.L of deionized water. PCR conditions were 95 ℃ for 4 min; 30 cycles of 95 ℃ for 30seconds, 55 ℃ for 60 seconds and 72 ℃ for 60 seconds, and extension at 72 ℃ for 5min, and performing Nested PCR by using the obtained PCR product as a nucleic acid template.
Nested PCR: each 25. mu.L system contains 0.5. mu.L of each of the inner primers (10pM) shown as SEQ ID NO. 3 and SEQ ID NO. 4, 2. mu. L, rTaq 0.25.25. mu.L of the first-step PCR product, 2.5. mu.L of 10 XBuffer, 2. mu.L of dNTPs, and 17.25. mu.L of deionized water. PCR conditions were 95 ℃ for 4 min; 35 cycles of 95 ℃ for 30seconds, 62 ℃ for 30seconds and 72 ℃ for 1 minute, and extension at 72 ℃ for 5 minutes, the PCR product obtained was used for gel electrophoresis.
10 mu L of Nested PCR product is added with nucleic acid stain, 2% agarose is used for gel electrophoresis, and the result is observed under ultraviolet light after the electrophoresis is finished, as shown in figure 2, 8 cases of nucleic acid extracted by the invention all amplify target bands. In FIG. 2, lanes 1-4 are filter paper blood samples 1-4 of 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum strain, lanes 5-8 are filter paper blood samples 5-8 of patients infected with Plasmodium vivax, and lane M is DL2000 Marker.
This example demonstrates that the concentration and purity of 8 DNA samples proposed by the present invention are better, which demonstrates that the DNA extracted by the present invention has high quality and can be used for downstream in vitro PCR diagnostic techniques; the embodiment also shows that the operation of separating the nucleic acid from the lysate by the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is simple, the functional body is quickly transferred in the lysate, the cleaning solution and the eluent by hand without the time-consuming and tedious steps of pipetting, centrifuging and the like, the manual labor density is low, the time-consuming process of separation and purification is less than 2min, and the operation is quick and the flux is high; and the whole operation process can be within 1m2The operation environment is completed, the space is saved, and the use flexibility is high.
Example 3
Photosensitive resin (PAA) is used as a raw material, and a light curing reaction is carried out under the illumination of 400-800nm by adopting a DLP digital image projection 3D printing technology, so that the 3D printing special-shaped functional body with a regular structure is prepared: the 3D prints special shape function body is the structure similar to the umbelliform, eight ally oneself with 3D and prints special shape function body and comprises nucleic acid bonding region 1, handle district 2 and joining region 3, nucleic acid bonding region 1 is the cone, handle district 2 is the cylinder, joining region 3 is rectangular shape, 1 awl end central point in nucleic acid bonding region puts and is connected with a bottom surface in handle district 2, another bottom surface in handle district 2 is connected with joining region 3, connect 8 single 3D side by side on joining region 3 and print special shape function bodies, form eight ally oneself with 3D and print special shape function body. The kit specifically comprises an octa-linked functional body with 8 nucleic acid binding regions 1, wherein the width of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is 3.8mm, the height of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is 10mm, the outer surface of the nucleic acid binding regions 1 is provided with a thread and groove structure, and the height of a handle region 2 is 20 mm. The functional body for eight-link 3D printing special shapes is shown in fig. 1 (b).
Taking one infected baculovirus tussah pupa, respectively taking 20 mu L of pupa blood, placing the pupa blood into each reaction hole of an 8-linked calandria, numbering 1-8 #, adding 1 multiplied by PBS 60 mu L, suspending and mixing uniformly. Adding 80 microliter of 2 multiplied lysis solution (200mmol of Tris-HCl, 50mmol of EDTA, 1000mmol of NaCl and 2 percent of SDS) and 5 microliter of proteinase K solution into each tube, shaking and uniformly mixing, placing in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, adding 60 microliter of absolute ethyl alcohol and placing in a 3D printing special-shaped functional body, enabling a nucleic acid binding area of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body to extend into the solution, holding a handle area by hand, slightly shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body uniformly-mixing solution, transferring the 3D printing special-shaped functional body into an 8-row EP tube preset with 100 microliter of a cleaning buffer (75 percent alcohol) after 10 seconds, enabling the nucleic acid binding area to extend into the cleaning buffer, holding the handle area by hand, slightly shaking the 3D printing special-shaped functional body up and down for 5 seconds, and repeatedly transferring in the cleaning buffer for 2-3 times; the 3D printed shaped function was removed from the wash Buffer, the remaining droplets on the 3D printed shaped function were spun off, dried in a forced air incubator at 37 ℃ for 2 minutes, the nucleic acid binding region was immersed in 50. mu.L of PCR reaction solution (containing 1. mu. L, rTaq 0.5, 0.5. mu.L each of the outer primers (10pM) as shown in SEQ ID NO:5 and SEQ ID NO:6, 10 Xbuffer 5. mu.L, dNTPs 4. mu.L, and deionized water 38.5. mu.L) for 30seconds, and then the 3D printed shaped function was removed and the reaction solution was used for PCR amplification. PCR conditions were 95 ℃ for 4 min; 30 cycles of 95 ℃ for 30seconds, 55 ℃ for 60 seconds and 72 ℃ for 60 seconds, extension is carried out for 5 minutes at 72 ℃, the obtained PCR product is subjected to gel electrophoresis by using 2% agarose, and the result is observed under ultraviolet light after the electrophoresis is finished, as shown in figure 3, target bands appear at 406bp positions in 8 samples. In FIG. 3, lanes 1-8 are samples of the blood of Antheraea pernyi pupae infected with baculovirus 1-8 # and lane M is DL2000 Marker.
This example demonstrates that the method of the present invention can rapidly extract genomic DNA from insect (invertebrate) blood samples, the extracted DNA has high purity, low contamination, and good quality, and can be used for identification and diagnosis of microorganisms such as downstream viruses.
While the extraction method of the present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventive technique can be implemented by modifying or appropriately changing or combining the methods described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is specifically noted that all similar substitutions and alterations: such as the rational modification of the components of the lysing agent, the washing solution, and the eluent, such as rational modification and pretreatment of the sample form, such as rational modification of the shape, size, surface, and structure of the 3D printed shaped feature, etc., will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in the spirit, scope, and content of the present invention.
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> university of Large Community
<120> blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional body and application kit thereof
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Claims (10)

1. A blood genome DNA extraction method based on 3D printing special-shaped functional bodies is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cracking the blood sample to be detected by using a cracking solution;
(2) extending the nucleic acid binding region of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body into the solution obtained in the step (1) through hand holding or machine holding to carry out nucleic acid binding;
(3) completing the 3D printing special-shaped functional body in the step (2) by hand-held or machine-held movement, and extending the nucleic acid binding region into a cleaning solution to clean the nucleic acid;
(4) taking out the 3D printing special-shaped functional body which is finished in the step (3) by hand holding or machine holding, and drying;
(5) placing the nucleic acid binding region of the 3D printing special-shaped functional body which is finished in the step (4) into an eluent by hand or machine, and eluting to obtain an eluent, namely the blood genome DNA;
the blood sample to be detected comprises whole blood separated from a human body or an animal body, red blood cells removed from supernatant and dried blood spots.
2. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is a micro-element having an umbrella-shaped structure obtained by 3D printing technology using photosensitive resin or thermoplastic as a raw material, and comprises a nucleic acid binding region and a handle region.
3. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 2, wherein the 3D-printed special-shaped functional body comprises 1 or at least two nucleic acid binding regions, and when the at least two nucleic acid binding regions are formed, the handle regions are connected together side by virtue of the connecting regions; the nucleic acid binding region is a cone; the handle area is a cylinder or a cuboid, one end of the handle area is connected with the center of the conical bottom of the nucleic acid binding area to form an umbrella-shaped structure; the surface of the nucleic acid binding region is flat or has an uneven microstructure which comprises a screw thread susceptor structure, a groove structure, a porous structure and a convex structure; the uneven microstructure can be in any shape and distributed at any position on the outer surface of the nucleic acid binding region; the porous structure can be in nanometer and micrometer sizes, and the shape of the porous structure can be a sphere, a cube or an irregular shape; the nucleic acid binding region is loaded or unloaded with a particulate material comprising inorganic salt particles comprising silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, manganese dioxide and a metal particulate material; the nucleic acid binding region may be modified with or without functional groups including hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino groups.
4. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 3, wherein the nucleic acid binding region, the handle region and the joining region are prepared integrally or separately, and when the parts are prepared separately, they are assembled by adhesion.
5. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 1, wherein the lysis solution in the step (1) comprises: CTAB lysate, NaHCO3Lysis solution, Chelex lysis solution, proteinase K lysis solution or SDS lysis solution.
6. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 5, wherein the SDS lysate comprises the following components: 1-20% SDS, 0-30 μ g/mL proteinase K.
7. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 1, wherein an RNA digesting enzyme is optionally added to the lysate; the time of the cracking treatment is 1min-24h, and the temperature is 0-100 ℃.
8. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid is bound in step (2) with or without an auxiliary binding solvent comprising one or a mixture of isopropanol and absolute ethanol, wherein the volume of the auxiliary binding solvent is 0.6-0.8 times that of the lysate; the binding time is 5s-5 min.
9. The method for extracting genomic DNA from blood according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid washing in step (3) is performed 1 to 5 times for 2s to 1min each time; the cleaning solution comprises 70-80% of alcohol; the drying process in the step (4) can be carried out at room temperature or under heating, and the drying process time is 1min-2 h; and (5) eluting the eluent in the step (5) by using water, PBS, TE buffer solution and downstream PCR reaction solution for 5s-5 min.
10. An application kit of a blood genome DNA extraction method based on a 3D printing special-shaped functional body is characterized by comprising the following components:
(1)3D printing special-shaped functional bodies;
(2) a lysis solution;
(3) proteinase K;
(4) an RNA digesting enzyme;
(5) cleaning fluid;
(6) eluting the solution;
(7) a fixed mount;
(8) instructions for operating;
the 3D printing special-shaped functional body is a micro-element which is obtained by taking photosensitive resin or thermoplastic as a raw material through a 3D printing technology, consists of a nucleic acid binding area and a handle area and has an umbrella-shaped structure, and a plurality of micro-elements with umbrella-shaped structures are connected in parallel through connecting areas; the lysis solution comprises CTAB lysis solution and NaHCO3Lysate, ChelOne of ex lysate, proteinase K lysate or SDS lysate; the cleaning solution comprises 70-80% of alcohol; the eluent comprises one of water, PBS, TE buffer solution and downstream PCR reaction solution; the fixing frame is a structure capable of fixing and arranging a plurality of 3D printing special-shaped functional bodies.
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