CN111607121A - Method for preparing electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres - Google Patents
Method for preparing electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN111607121A CN111607121A CN202010490075.8A CN202010490075A CN111607121A CN 111607121 A CN111607121 A CN 111607121A CN 202010490075 A CN202010490075 A CN 202010490075A CN 111607121 A CN111607121 A CN 111607121A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
- C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
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- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres, which is characterized in that conductive filler is dispersed in aqueous solution by utilizing ultrasound or stirring, then the expandable polymer microspheres are dispersed in the solution, and then the polymer foam material with an isolation network, which can be applied to the fields of conductivity and electromagnetic shielding, is obtained through the processes of filtering, washing, drying and hot pressing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of electromagnetic shielding materials, in particular to a preparation method of a light and flexible electromagnetic shielding material.
Background
Electronic equipment is an important component of aerospace equipment, however, electromagnetic radiation emitted by the electronic equipment not only interferes with each other to reduce the performance of the equipment, but also causes information leakage to harm national defense safety. The elimination of electromagnetic radiation is a main approach to ensure the safety of electronic equipment for aerospace. Compared with metal materials mainly reflecting electromagnetic waves, polymer-based flexible electromagnetic shielding materials have been a research hotspot due to the advantages of high absorption, low reflection, low density and easy processing, and have received extensive attention from academia and industry. The conductivity and structure of the material are important factors affecting the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness. The conductivity of the polymer material can be realized by increasing the filling amount of the conductive filler and constructing a conductive network. In addition, the cell structure is constructed, so that the density of the polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material is reduced, and the times of multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves in the material can be increased. Increasing multiple reflections can increase the probability of electromagnetic waves coming into contact with the material, thereby enhancing the absorption loss of the material for the electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the method is favorable for realizing the conception of constructing the light and high-efficiency electromagnetic shielding material. For example, Zhan and his partners (b: (b))Nanoscale,2019, 11, 1011) successfully developed a carbon nanotube/rubber composite with an isolated network by supercritical foaming technology. However, when the carbon nanotube content is higher, the expansion of the material is lower and the density is higher. Therefore, it is still a great challenge to develop an ultra-low density polymeric electromagnetic shielding material with a conductive isolation network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a light and flexible electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and is characterized in that conductive filler is dispersed in aqueous solution by utilizing ultrasound or stirring, then the expandable polymer microspheres are dispersed in the solution, and then the polymer foam material with an isolation network, which can be applied to the fields of conductivity and electromagnetic shielding, is obtained through the processes of filtering, washing, drying and hot pressing.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical measures:
a method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) under the action of a surfactant, dispersing a conductive filler in water by utilizing ultrasound or stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the conductive filler to the surfactant is 100-0.01;
(2) dispersing expandable polymer microspheres in the solution by stirring to obtain a composite suspension of the conductive filler and the expandable polymer microspheres;
(3) filtering, washing, drying and the like to obtain composite material powder, then carrying out hot pressing at 10-200 ℃ for 30 s-100 min, and carrying out cold pressing at room temperature for 30 s-100 min to obtain the light and flexible polymer foam material.
The surfactant is at least one of stearic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate monoester, potassium monododecyl phosphate, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sorbitan fatty acid ester and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-10; the conductive filler is at least one of carbon black, a carbon nano tube, graphite, graphene, a silver nanowire, a copper nanowire, a nickel nanowire and MXene; the ultrasonic or stirring time is 5 minutes to 10 hours.
The expandable polymer microspheres are at least one of acrylic acid copolymer expandable microspheres, acrylate copolymer expandable microspheres and polyurethane expandable microspheres; the diameter of the microsphere is 0.01-1000 microns; the stirring time is 5 minutes to 10 hours.
The drying temperature is 10-100 ℃; the drying time is 1-50 hours;
the light and flexible polymer foam material has a three-dimensional conductive filler isolation network structure, and the weight fraction of the conductive filler is 0.01-50 wt%.
Method for preparing electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres and prepared material with density of 0.001-0.9 g/cm3Electromagnetic screenA lightweight, flexible polymeric foam material having a shielding effectiveness of 10 to 70 dB.
Lightweight, flexible polymeric foam materials are useful in the fields of electrically conductive materials and electromagnetic shielding materials.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the three-dimensional conductive network isolation network is constructed in the polymer foam matrix by a self-assembly method, and when the content of the conductive filler is low, the composite material has high conductivity and electromagnetic shielding efficiency, so that the cost of the product can be reduced;
(2) the temperature is lower in the process of preparing the light and flexible polymer electromagnetic shielding material, so that energy can be saved;
(3) the invention has high preparation efficiency and is beneficial to realizing batch production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a lightweight, flexible polymeric electromagnetic shielding material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It should be noted that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, as many insubstantial modifications and variations of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings.
Example 1 graphene is dispersed in water by using ultrasound under the action of stearic acid, the mass ratio of graphene to stearic acid is 1.5, after 10 minutes of ultrasound, acrylic copolymer expandable polymer microspheres with the diameter of 10 micrometers are dispersed in the solution by stirring to obtain a composite suspension of graphene and acrylic copolymer expandable microspheres, after 30 minutes of stirring, composite material powder is obtained by processes of filtering, washing, drying (the temperature is 50 ℃ and the time is 10 hours) and the like, and then the composite material powder is hot-pressed for 20 minutes at 100 ℃ and cold-pressed for 20 minutes at room temperature to obtain a light and flexible polymer foam material, wherein the density of the material is 0.3g/cm3The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is 20dB, and the filling amount of the graphene is 5 wt%.
Example 2 in sixteenDispersing silver nanowires in water by utilizing ultrasound under the action of alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, wherein the mass ratio of the silver nanowires to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 2, dispersing acrylate copolymer expandable polymer microspheres with the diameter of 30 micrometers in the solution by stirring after 20 minutes of ultrasound to obtain a composite suspension of the silver nanowires and the acrylate copolymer expandable polymer microspheres, filtering after 30 minutes of stirring, washing, drying (the temperature is 40 ℃, the time is 20 hours) and the like to obtain composite material powder, then carrying out hot pressing at 120 ℃ for 10 minutes, carrying out cold pressing at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a light and flexible polymer foam material, wherein the density of the material is 0.04g/cm3The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is 34dB, and the filling amount of the silver nanowires is 2 wt%.
Example 3 dispersing carbon nanotubes in water by ultrasound with a mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate of 4 for 30 minutes, dispersing polyurethane expandable polymer microspheres with a diameter of 10 microns in the solution by stirring to obtain a composite suspension of carbon nanotubes and polyurethane expandable microspheres, stirring for 50 minutes, filtering, washing, drying (at 30 ℃ for 60 hours) to obtain a composite powder, hot pressing at 180 ℃ for 10 minutes, and cold pressing at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a light and flexible polymer foam material with a density of 0.05g/cm3The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was 50dB, and the filling amount of the carbon nanotubes was 10 wt%.
Example 4 carbon nanotubes were dispersed in water with stirring under the action of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes to cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was 2, after stirring for 30 minutes, acrylate copolymer expandable polymer microspheres with a diameter of 10 microns were dispersed in the above solution by stirring to obtain a composite suspension of carbon nanotubes and acrylate expandable microspheres, after stirring for 30 minutes, followed by filtration, washing, drying (temperature 30 ℃, time 24 hours) and the like to obtain a composite powder, which was then hot pressed at 100 ℃ for 20 minutes, cold pressed at room temperature for 20 minutes to obtain a light, flexible polymer foam with a density of 20.05g/cm3The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was 55dB, and the filling amount of the carbon nanotubes was 10 wt%.
Example 5 MXene was dispersed in water by ultrasound with a mass ratio of MXene to disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate monoester of 50 for 10 minutes to obtain a composite suspension of MXene and acrylate expandable microspheres by stirring and dispersing the microspheres in the solution with a diameter of 5 microns, after stirring for 50 minutes, filtering, washing, drying (30 ℃ C. for 80 hours) to obtain a composite powder, hot pressing at 130 ℃ for 5 minutes, cold pressing at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a light and flexible polymer foam with a density of 0.08g/cm3The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is 48dB, and the filling amount of MXene is 5 wt%.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a lightweight, flexible polymeric electromagnetic shielding material; it can be seen from fig. 1 that the leaves of the plants can support the light, flexible polymeric electromagnetic shielding material prepared by the present invention (diameter of the sample is 13mm, thickness is 2 mm), indicating that the material density is very small.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) under the action of a surfactant, dispersing a conductive filler in water by utilizing ultrasound or stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the conductive filler to the surfactant is 100-0.01;
(2) dispersing expandable polymer microspheres in the solution by stirring to obtain a composite suspension of the conductive filler and the expandable polymer microspheres;
(3) filtering, washing, drying and the like to obtain composite material powder, then carrying out hot pressing at 10-200 ℃ for 30 s-100 min, and carrying out cold pressing at room temperature for 30 s-100 min to obtain the light and flexible polymer foam material.
2. The method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymer microspheres of claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the surfactant is at least one of stearic acid, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, disodium laurylsulfosuccinate monoester, potassium monododecyl phosphate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and alkylphenol ethoxylate-10; the conductive filler is at least one of carbon black, a carbon nano tube, graphite, graphene, a silver nanowire, a copper nanowire, a nickel nanowire and MXene; the ultrasonic or stirring time is 5 minutes to 10 hours.
3. The method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymeric microspheres of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the expandable polymeric microspheres are at least one of acrylic acid copolymer expandable microspheres, acrylic acid ester copolymer expandable microspheres, and polyurethane expandable microspheres; the diameter of the microsphere is 0.01-1000 microns; the stirring time is 5 minutes to 10 hours.
4. The method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymeric microspheres of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the drying temperature is 10 to 100 ℃; the drying time is 1 to 50 hours.
5. The method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymeric microspheres as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step (3), the lightweight, flexible polymeric foam material has a three-dimensional isolated network structure of conductive fillers, and the weight fraction of the conductive fillers is 0.01 to 50 wt%.
6. The method for preparing electromagnetic shielding material based on expandable polymeric microspheres as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the density of the prepared expandable polymeric microspheres is 0.001-0.9 g/cm3And a light and flexible polymer foam material having an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 10 to 70 dB.
7. The lightweight, flexible polymeric foam material prepared in accordance with claim 6 is useful in the fields of electrically conductive materials and electromagnetic shielding materials.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112449567A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Liquid metal foam composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112920451A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-08 | 复旦大学 | Metal carbide terahertz electromagnetic shielding composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113115581A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 郑州大学 | Ti3C2Tx composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN113163698A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 郑州大学 | Honeycomb composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113853106A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | 浙江工业大学 | High-absorption electromagnetic shielding foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340744A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electromagnetic shielding composite material based on heterogeneous hollow microsphere layered enrichment and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116375491A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-07-04 | 之江实验室 | Honeycomb MXene material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117447784A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-26 | 苏州市星辰新材料集团有限公司 | Permanent antistatic plastic packaging material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117624982A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-03-01 | 苏州市星辰新材料集团有限公司 | Water-based antistatic coating material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110172260A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-27 | 四川大学 | A kind of lightweight electromagnetic shielding sealing material and its preparation method and application |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112449567B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-07-15 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Liquid metal foam composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112449567A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-05 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Liquid metal foam composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112920451A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-08 | 复旦大学 | Metal carbide terahertz electromagnetic shielding composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113115581A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 郑州大学 | Ti3C2Tx composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN113163698A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 郑州大学 | Honeycomb composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340744A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electromagnetic shielding composite material based on heterogeneous hollow microsphere layered enrichment and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115340744B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2023-06-20 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electromagnetic shielding composite material based on heterogeneous hollow microsphere layered enrichment and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113853106A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | 浙江工业大学 | High-absorption electromagnetic shielding foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN113853106B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江工业大学 | Preparation method of electromagnetic shielding foam |
| CN116375491A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-07-04 | 之江实验室 | Honeycomb MXene material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116375491B (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-11-28 | 之江实验室 | Honeycomb MXene material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117447784A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-26 | 苏州市星辰新材料集团有限公司 | Permanent antistatic plastic packaging material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117624982A (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-03-01 | 苏州市星辰新材料集团有限公司 | Water-based antistatic coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117624982B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-05-28 | 苏州市星辰新材料集团有限公司 | Water-based antistatic coating material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200901 |