CN111606397A - Water purifier and method based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis - Google Patents
Water purifier and method based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
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Abstract
In the purifier, a first side of a negative dielectrophoresis purification device is communicated with an inlet pump to introduce water, the cross section of a pore of a nano porous membrane is in the shape of two symmetrical circular arcs, the pore diameter of the nano porous membrane is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the water from the inlet pump flows through the nano porous membrane under the action of gravity and a non-uniform electric field to be purified, a plurality of anion membranes are arranged between a first electrode and a second electrode, and under the action of the electric field generated by the first electrode and the second electrode after electrification, anions in the water permeate through the anion membranes but cations cannot permeate through the anion membranes; the plurality of cation membranes are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, each cation membrane and each anion membrane are alternately arranged, when the electrodialysis device works, the three-way valve controls the drain outlet to be closed, the fourth outlet is opened to collect desalinated water, and the electrode reversing device is arranged in a circuit of the electrodialysis device and the power supply to replace the positive and negative polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-stage purification and decontamination of tap water, wastewater or sewage, in particular to a water purifier and a method based on dielectrophoresis nano-membranes and electrodialysis.
Background
Water is an important substance which is necessary for life and production activities of human beings and is an irreplaceable important natural resource on the earth. With economic development, population growth and improvement of human cultural levels, water demand is increasing around the world. The total amount of water resources in China is rich, but all people have little water and are not distributed uniformly. At present, the fresh water resource available for cities is very little. The contradiction between the shortage of urban water resources and the water demand for urban economy and cultural development is increasingly prominent, and the situation of urban water shortage is more and more severe, and becomes an important factor for restricting the development of urban socioeconomic development.
Tap water contains substances such as heterochrosis, peculiar smell, residual chlorine, ozone hydrogen sulfide, bacteria, viruses, heavy metals and the like, and can cause serious influence on cells and organs of a human body and even have the risk of carcinogenesis when being directly drunk. Therefore, the drinking water needs to be purified and then output, viruses and bacteria in the tap water are removed, and the foreign color, peculiar smell, residual chlorine, ozone hydrogen sulfide and heavy metals in the tap water are filtered; the suspended particles are blocked to improve the water quality, and trace elements beneficial to human bodies are kept at the same time, so that the standard of directly drinking healthy water published by the world health organization is completely met.
Dielectrophoresis refers to the directional migration of polarized particles in aqueous solution under the action of a non-uniform electric field. The movement direction of the particles depends on the polarizability between the particles and the medium solution, and when the polarizability of the particles is larger than that of the medium solution, the particles move towards the direction with large electric field intensity, which is called positive dielectrophoresis; the reverse is called negative dielectrophoresis. Lower dielectrophoresis is less suitable because it requires a larger non-uniform electric field, has a small particle size, is difficult to manipulate, and is costly.
Electrodialysis refers to a phenomenon in which charged solute particles in a solution migrate through a membrane when separating different solute particles by the selective permeability of a semipermeable membrane under the action of an electric field. The method is mainly applied to the fields of electrodialysis desalination, seawater desalination, electroplating waste liquid treatment and the like. However, electrodialysis is prone to polarization during application, so that a part of electric energy is wasted on water ionization, and current efficiency is reduced; scaling and precipitation in the electrodialysis device can greatly affect the performance of the membrane, increase the resistance of the membrane, reduce the mechanical strength and shorten the service life of the membrane.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a water purifier and method based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, which overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis comprises,
the negative dielectrophoresis purification device comprises a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate and a nano porous membrane arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, wherein water is introduced into the first side of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device, the cross section of a pore of the nano porous membrane is in a shape of two symmetrical circular arcs, the pore diameter of the nano porous membrane is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the electrified upper polar plate and the electrified lower polar plate form a non-uniform electric field with small electric field intensity and large electric field intensity in the pore, and water from an inlet pump flows through the nano porous membrane under the action of gravity and the non-;
a first outlet communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device via the second side and located above the nanoporous membrane to discharge contaminants having a polarizability less than water;
a second outlet communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device via a second side and located below the nanoporous membrane to discharge purified water;
an electrodialysis unit in communication with the second outlet via a flow-controlling valve, comprising,
a plurality of inlets are arranged on the base plate,
a first electrode positioned at the left end of the electrodialysis device,
a second electrode, which is positioned at the right end of the electrodialysis device and has the polarity opposite to that of the first electrode,
a plurality of anion membranes which are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and anions in the water permeate the anion membranes and cations cannot permeate the anion membranes under the action of an electric field generated by the first electrode and the second electrode after electrification;
the electrodialysis device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a plurality of cation membranes, a plurality of electrodialysis devices and a plurality of negative ion membranes, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in parallel;
a third outlet which is communicated with the concentration channel of the electrodialysis device to collect the concentrated ion-rich water;
the three-way valve is connected with the desalination channel of the electrodialysis device, connected with the fourth outlet and the drain outlet and used for controlling the fourth outlet and the drain outlet;
a fourth outlet that collects deionized desalinated water from the desalination channel;
and the drain is parallel to the fourth outlet for draining, when the electrodialysis device works, the drain is controlled by the three-way valve to be closed, the fourth outlet is opened to collect deionized desalted water, and when the electrodialysis device is cleaned, the fourth outlet is controlled by the three-way valve to be closed, and the drain is opened to drain.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, the water purifier further comprises an inlet pump for supplying water to be purified at a preset flow rate, and the first side of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device is communicated with the inlet pump to introduce the water.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, a power supply is respectively connected with an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate, a first electrode and a second electrode to supply power; and the electrode reversing device is arranged in a circuit of the electrodialysis device and the power supply so as to change the positive and negative polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, the inlet is arranged between the cation membrane and the anion membrane.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, the concentration channels and the desalination channels are alternately arranged.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, an upper polar plate and a lower polar plate are symmetrically arranged relative to the nano-porous membrane.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, the material of the upper polar plate or the lower polar plate comprises activated carbon fibers.
In the water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis, the polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode are periodically switched by the polarity reversing controller.
In the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis, an ammeter is arranged in a circuit of the electrodialysis device and a power supply to monitor the working current density of the electrodialysis device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a purification method of the water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nanomembrane and electrodialysis comprises the steps of,
an inlet pump supplying water to be purified at a predetermined flow rate;
the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate are electrified to form a non-uniform electric field with the strength of the electric field being small at the top and big at the bottom in the hole, and water from the inlet pump flows through the nano porous membrane under the action of gravity and the non-uniform electric field to be purified;
the electrodialysis device works, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrified to generate an electric field, anions in water permeate the anion membrane and cations do not permeate the anion membrane, cations in water permeate the cation membrane and the anions do not permeate the cation membrane, the three-way valve controls the drain outlet to be closed, and the fourth outlet is opened to collect deionized and desalted water;
the polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode are periodically changed by the electrode reversing device so as to clean the electrodialysis device, the fourth outlet is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve, and the sewage discharge port is opened for discharging sewage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention controls the directional migration of the non-uniform electric field of polarized particles in the nano porous membrane based on negative dielectrophoresis, and efficiently filters most pollutants such as chlorine, organic pollutants, bacteria and the like with low polarizability in tap water; due to the small size of the nano porous membrane, selective filtration can be naturally carried out on some pollutants; furthermore, the invention improves the existing electrodialysis technology, and realizes that the current in the device does not exceed the limit current density through the combined action of current detection and voltage control, thereby preventing the polarization phenomenon; the pole-reversing module can further prolong the service life of the device and the membrane and reduce the cleaning period of the device; the purification process is soft and efficient, has no mechanical loss and chemical corrosion, and has long service life; the invention has simple and feasible cleaning and impurity removing modes, and can discharge the filtered impurities under the condition of not changing the internal membrane structure of the device; the invention has the advantages of high purification rate, low cost, no additional pollution, cleanness and environmental protection.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly apparent, and to make the implementation of the content of the description possible for those skilled in the art, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description is given by way of example of the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nanomembranes and electrodialysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, as shown in fig. 1, a water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis includes,
an inlet pump 1 for supplying water to be purified at a predetermined flow rate;
the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 comprises a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate and a nano porous membrane 3 arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, wherein the first side of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 is communicated with the inlet pump 1 to introduce water, the cross section of a pore of the nano porous membrane 3 is in a shape of two symmetrical circular arcs, the pore diameter is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the electrified upper polar plate and the electrified lower polar plate form a non-uniform electric field with small electric field intensity and large electric field intensity in the pore, and the water from the inlet pump 1 flows through the nano porous membrane 3 under the action of gravity and the non-uniform electric field;
a first outlet 4 communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 via the second side and located above the nanoporous membrane 3 to discharge contaminants having a polarizability less than that of water;
a second outlet 14 communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 via a second side and located below the nanoporous membrane 3 to discharge purified water;
an electrodialysis unit 7, which communicates with the second outlet 14 via a valve controlling the flow, comprising,
a plurality of inlets are arranged on the base plate,
a first electrode, designated "+" in the figure, located at the left end of the electrodialysis unit 7,
a second electrode, designated as "-" in the figure, located at the right end of the electrodialysis unit 7 and having the opposite polarity to the first electrode,
a plurality of anion membranes 8, indicated by "a" in the figure, which are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and under the action of the electric field generated by the first electrode and the second electrode after being energized, anions in the water permeate the anion membranes 8 and cations do not permeate the anion membranes 8;
a plurality of cation membranes 13, designated as "C" in the drawing, which are provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and each of which cation membranes 13 is alternately arranged with the anion membrane 8, under the action of an electric field generated by the first electrode and the second electrode after being energized, cations in the water permeate through the cation membranes 13 and anions do not permeate through the cation membranes 13, and the electrodialysis device 7 forms a concentration channel and a desalination channel at the bottom thereof based on the plurality of cation membranes 13 being alternately arranged with the anion membranes 8;
a third outlet 12 communicating with a concentration channel of the electrodialysis unit 7 for collecting concentrated ion-rich water, wherein the concentration channel is indicated by a dot-dash line in fig. 1 to be distinguished from the desalination channel;
a three-way valve 10 which is connected with the desalination channel of the electrodialysis device 7, is connected with the fourth outlet 11 and the sewage outlet 9 and controls the fourth outlet 11 and the sewage outlet 9;
a fourth outlet 11 which collects the de-ionized desalinated water from the desalination channel;
the drain outlet 9 is parallel to the fourth outlet 11 for draining, when the electrodialysis device 7 works, the three-way valve 10 controls the drain outlet 9 to be closed, the fourth outlet 11 is opened for collecting desalted water, when the electrodialysis device 7 is cleaned, the three-way valve 10 controls the fourth outlet 11 to be closed, and the drain outlet 9 is opened for draining;
a power supply 5 which is respectively connected with the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate and the first electrode and the second electrode to supply power;
and an electrode inverting device 6 which is arranged in the circuit of the electrodialysis device 7 and the power supply 5 and is used for replacing the positive and negative polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode.
In a preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, the inlet is provided between the cationic membrane 13 and the anionic membrane 8.
In a preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, the concentration channels and the desalination channels are alternately arranged.
In a preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, the upper and lower plates are symmetrically arranged with respect to the nanoporous membrane 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis, the material of the upper plate or the lower plate comprises activated carbon fibers.
In a preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, the polarity of the first electrode and the second electrode is periodically switched by the polarity reversing controller.
In the preferred embodiment of the water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis, an ammeter 15 is provided in the electric circuit between the electrodialysis device 7 and the power supply 5 to monitor the operating current density of the electrodialysis device 7.
In one embodiment, a running water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis comprises,
an inlet pump 1 for supplying tap water to be purified and controlling an appropriate flow rate;
the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 is arranged behind the inlet pump 1, so that pollutants with the polarization rate lower than that of water, such as chlorine, organic pollutants, bacteria and the like in the coming water cannot pass through the nano porous membrane 3, and the water can naturally flow down by means of gravity, thereby achieving the purification effect;
a first outlet 4, which is arranged above the membrane of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 and is used for discharging the pollutants with the polarization rate smaller than that of water, such as the filtered chlorine, the organic pollutants, the bacteria, and the like;
a second outlet 14, which is arranged below the membrane of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2, controls the flow through a valve and is connected with the electrodialysis device 7;
an electrodialysis device 7 having a plurality of inlets for connecting the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2, electrodes with opposite polarities at the left and right ends, and an anion and cation membrane 13 alternately used in the middle for removing impurities such as heavy metals from the tap water;
an electrode inverting device 6 which is arranged in a circuit of the electrodialysis device 7 and the power supply 5, and is used for replacing the positive and negative polarities of the polar plate of the electrodialysis device 7 when the device is cleaned so as to prevent the influence of precipitation and structure on the device and the membrane;
a third outlet 12, which is a concentration outlet of tap water after passing through the electrodialysis device 7, and is used for collecting and post-treating the ion-enriched concentrated water;
a fourth outlet 11, which is a desalination outlet of tap water passing through the electrodialysis device 7 and is used for collecting and post-treating the deionized and desalinated water;
the three-way valve 10 is connected with the desalination channel of the electrodialysis device 7, the fourth outlet 11 and the sewage outlet 9 and controls the opening and closing of the fourth outlet 11 and the sewage outlet 9;
the drain outlet 9 is a parallel outlet which is controlled by the third outlet 11 through a three-way valve 10, when the electrodialysis device 7 works normally, the drain outlet 9 is controlled to be closed through the three-way valve 10, the fourth outlet 11 is opened to collect purified water, when the electrodialysis device 7 is cleaned, the fourth outlet 11 is controlled to be closed through the three-way valve 10, and the drain outlet 9 is opened to drain;
an ammeter 15 provided in the circuit loop of the electrodialysis device 7 for monitoring the operating current density of the electrodialysis device 7;
and the power supply 5 is respectively connected with the polar plates of the negative dielectrophoresis device and the electrodialysis device 7, so that an electric field is formed in the device and the device works normally.
In one embodiment, the nanoporous membrane 3 divides the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 into an upper half and a lower half, the inlet pump 1 is located in the upper half of the device to pump purified tap water into the device, the first outlet 4 is located in the upper half of the device to discharge filtered impurities, and the second outlet 14 is located in the lower half of the device to feed filtered tap water to the electrodialysis device 7.
In one embodiment, the nanoporous membrane 3 is located in the middle of the dielectrophoresis purification device, the section of the nanopore in the nanoporous membrane is in two symmetrical circular arcs, and the pore diameter is monotonically decreased from top to bottom, so as to ensure that a non-uniform electric field with small electric field intensity and large electric field intensity is formed in the nanopore after the upper and lower polar plates of the dielectrophoresis device are electrified. The nano film can filter a part of pollutants due to the advantage of small size; secondly, when pollutants with the polarizability less than that of water enter the nano-pores, the electric field intensity is low due to the non-uniform electric field in the nano-pores, namely the pollutants directionally move above the nano-membrane and are discharged out of the nano-membrane, so that the pollutants cannot pass through the nano-membrane, and the purification effect on tap water is realized.
In one embodiment, the first outlet 4 can be opened after the dielectrophoresis purification device filters more pollutants to discharge the pollutants outside the dielectrophoresis device, so that the dielectrophoresis device is cleaned, and the service life of the dielectrophoresis device and the nano-membrane is prolonged.
In one embodiment, the second outlet 14 is followed by a valve to regulate the flow of water to ensure that the appropriate flow is directed to the multiple inlets of the electrodialysis device 7.
In one embodiment, the number of the inlets and outlets of the electrodialysis device 7 can be determined according to actual conditions, the outlets are generally alternately distributed as concentration outlets and desalination outlets, and the distribution condition is related to the distribution of the positive and negative electrodes and the anion and cation membranes 13. During electrodialysis, the transport number of counterions in the membrane is greater than the transport number in the solution, resulting in ion deficit at the interface between the membrane and the solution in the desalination channels. When the current density is too high, polarization occurs, and water is electrolyzed to carry current. To prevent polarization, an ammeter 15 for detecting the current is installed in the circuit, and the current density in the electrodialysis unit 7 is constantly monitored and controlled below the limit current density in cooperation with the power supply 5.
In one embodiment, the electrodialysis device 7 is externally connected with an electrode reversing module in a circuit to prevent precipitation and scaling in the device, so that good performance and mechanical strength of the membrane are maintained, and the service life of the membrane is prolonged. It should be noted that, when the electrodialysis device 7 works normally, the drain outlet 9 is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve 10, and the fourth outlet 11 is opened to collect the purified water; when the electrodialysis device 7 is cleaned, the polarity reversing module is used for periodically replacing the positive polarity and the negative polarity of the electrode plate, the fourth outlet 11 is controlled to be closed through the three-way valve 10, and the sewage discharge port 9 is opened for discharging sewage.
In the invention, the nano porous membrane 3 can filter out a part of pollutants due to the advantage of small size; secondly, when pollutants with the polarizability less than that of water enter the nano-pores, the electric field intensity is low due to the non-uniform electric field in the nano-pores, namely the pollutants directionally move above the nano-membrane and are discharged out of the nano-membrane, so that the pollutants cannot pass through the nano-membrane, and the purification effect on tap water is realized.
In one embodiment, the nanoporous membrane 3 divides the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 into an upper half and a lower half, the inlet pump 1 is located in the upper half of the device to pump water to be purified into the device, the first outlet 4 is located in the upper half of the device to discharge filtered impurities, and the second outlet 14 is located in the lower half of the device to send filtered water to the electrodialysis device 7.
In one embodiment, the first outlet 4 can be opened after the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 filters more pollutants to discharge the pollutants out of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2, so that the device can be cleaned, and the service life of the device and the nanoporous membrane 3 can be prolonged. The second outlet 14 is followed by a valve to regulate the flow of water to ensure that the appropriate flow is passed to the various inlets of the electrodialysis unit 7.
In one embodiment, the current density in the electrodialysis unit 7 is monitored at all times by means of an ammeter 15 for detecting the current in the circuit of the electrodialysis unit 7, and the current density in the electrodialysis unit 7 is controlled to be below the limit current density in cooperation with the power supply 5. When the electrodialysis device 7 works normally, the drain outlet 9 is controlled to be closed through the three-way valve 10, and the fourth outlet 11 is opened to collect purified water; when the electrodialysis device 7 is cleaned, the polarity reversing module 6 is used for periodically replacing the positive polarity and the negative polarity of the electrode plate, the fourth outlet 11 is controlled to be closed through the three-way valve 10, and the sewage discharge port 9 is opened for discharging sewage.
In one embodiment, tap water mainly containing impurities such as chlorine, organic pollutants, bacteria, heavy metals and the like is pumped into the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 by the inlet pump 1, and due to a non-uniform electric field formed in the nano porous membrane 3, polarized particles such as chlorine, organic pollutants, bacteria and the like move directionally but cannot permeate through the membrane, so that the first-step purification is realized; the purified water mainly containing impurities such as heavy metals is introduced into the electrodialysis device 7 through the second outlet 14 at a proper flow rate, and metal ions in the tap water are removed due to the directional movement of the anions and the cations under the action of the electric field and the selective permeability of the anion membrane 8 and the cation membrane 13, so that the tap water is further purified. Finally, the purified water is collected by the fourth outlet 11, and reaches the standard of directly drinking healthy water published by the world health organization, so that the purified water is nontoxic and harmless to human bodies and can be directly drunk.
In one embodiment, on the premise that the inlet pump 1 pumps clean water or pickling water all the time, the first outlet 4 of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device 2 is opened to remove and clean impurities filtered by the nano porous membrane 3; the fourth outlet 11 is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve 10, the sewage outlet 9 is controlled to be opened, the electrode reversing device 6 is started, and impurities, sediments and the like in the device are discharged from the third outlet 12 and the sewage outlet 9 under the condition of periodically reversing the electrode of the electrodialysis device 7.
The purification process is soft and efficient, has no mechanical loss and chemical corrosion, and has long service life; the invention has simple and feasible cleaning and impurity removing modes, and can discharge the filtered impurities under the condition of not changing the internal membrane structure of the device; the invention has high purification rate, low cost, no additional pollution, cleanness and environmental protection; the invention has remarkable social benefit and recycling economic benefit, and can be widely applied to the field of tap water and wastewater purification.
In one embodiment, the nanoporous membrane is a frustoconical structure comprising an upper pore having a first diameter and a lower pore having a second diameter greater than the first diameter, the electric field strength of the upper pore being less than the electric field strength of the lower pore.
The purification method of the water purifier based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis comprises the following steps,
the intake pump 1 supplies water to be purified at a predetermined flow rate;
the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate are electrified to form a non-uniform electric field with the strength of the electric field being small at the top and big at the bottom in the hole, and the water from the inlet pump 1 flows through the nano porous membrane 3 under the action of gravity and the non-uniform electric field to be purified;
the electrodialysis device 7 works, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrified to generate an electric field, anions in water permeate the anion membrane 8 and cations cannot permeate the anion membrane 8, cations in water permeate the cation membrane 13 and anions cannot permeate the cation membrane 13, the drain outlet 9 is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve 10, and the fourth outlet 11 is opened to collect deionized desalted water;
the polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode are periodically changed by the electrode reversing device 6 so as to clean the electrodialysis device 7, the fourth outlet 11 is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve 10, and the sewage discharge port 9 is opened for discharging sewage.
Industrial applicability
The water purifier and the method based on the dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and the electrodialysis can be manufactured and used in the field of water treatment.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A water purifier based on dielectrophoresis nano-membrane and electrodialysis comprises,
the negative dielectrophoresis purification device comprises a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate and a nano porous membrane arranged between the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate, wherein water is introduced into the first side of the negative dielectrophoresis purification device, the cross section of a pore of the nano porous membrane is in a shape of two symmetrical circular arcs, the pore diameter of the nano porous membrane is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the electrified upper polar plate and the electrified lower polar plate form a non-uniform electric field with small electric field intensity and large electric field intensity in the pore, and water from an inlet pump flows through the nano porous membrane under the action of gravity and the non-;
a first outlet communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device via the second side and located above the nanoporous membrane to discharge contaminants having a polarizability less than water;
a second outlet communicating with the negative dielectrophoresis purification device via a second side and located below the nanoporous membrane to discharge purified water;
an electrodialysis unit in communication with the second outlet via a flow-controlling valve, comprising,
a plurality of inlets are arranged on the base plate,
a first electrode positioned at the left end of the electrodialysis device,
a second electrode, which is positioned at the right end of the electrodialysis device and has the polarity opposite to that of the first electrode,
a plurality of anion membranes which are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and anions in the water permeate the anion membranes and cations cannot permeate the anion membranes under the action of an electric field generated by the first electrode and the second electrode after electrification;
the electrodialysis device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a plurality of cation membranes, a plurality of electrodialysis devices and a plurality of negative ion membranes, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in parallel;
a third outlet which is communicated with the concentration channel of the electrodialysis device to collect the concentrated water;
the three-way valve is connected with the desalination channel of the electrodialysis device, connected with the fourth outlet and the drain outlet and used for controlling the fourth outlet and the drain outlet;
a fourth outlet to collect desalinated water from the desalination channel;
and the drain is parallel to the fourth outlet for draining, when the electrodialysis device works, the drain is controlled by the three-way valve to be closed, the fourth outlet is opened to collect desalted water, and when the electrodialysis device is cleaned, the drain is controlled by the three-way valve to be closed and opened to drain.
2. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein preferably, the water purifier further comprises,
a power supply which is respectively connected with the upper electrode plate, the lower electrode plate, the first electrode and the second electrode for supplying power;
and the electrode reversing device is arranged in a circuit of the electrodialysis device and the power supply so as to change the positive and negative polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode.
3. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the water purifier further comprises an inlet pump for supplying water to be purified at a predetermined flow rate, the first side of the negative dielectrophoretic purification device being in communication with the inlet pump to introduce the water.
4. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the inlet is provided between a cationic membrane and an anionic membrane.
5. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the concentration channels and the depletion channels are alternately arranged.
6. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are symmetrically arranged with respect to the nanoporous membrane.
7. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the upper plate or the lower plate material comprises activated carbon fibers.
8. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein the polarity of the first electrode and the second electrode is periodically switched by the polarity reversing controller.
9. The dielectrophoretic nanomembrane-and-electrodialysis-based water purifier of claim 1, wherein an ammeter is provided in an electric circuit between the electrodialysis device and a power supply to monitor an operating current density of the electrodialysis device.
10. A purification method of a water purifier based on dielectrophoretic nanomembranes and electrodialysis according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of,
an inlet pump supplying water to be purified at a predetermined flow rate;
the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate are electrified to form a non-uniform electric field with the strength of the electric field being small at the top and big at the bottom in the hole, and water from the inlet pump flows through the nano porous membrane under the action of gravity and the non-uniform electric field to be purified;
the electrodialysis device works, the first electrode and the second electrode are electrified to generate an electric field, anions in water permeate the anion membrane and cations do not permeate the anion membrane, cations in water permeate the cation membrane and the anions do not permeate the cation membrane, the three-way valve controls the drain outlet to be closed, and the fourth outlet is opened to collect deionized and desalted water;
the polarity of the first electrode and the polarity of the second electrode are periodically changed by the electrode reversing device so as to clean the electrodialysis device, the fourth outlet is controlled to be closed by the three-way valve, and the sewage discharge port is opened for discharging sewage.
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