CN111606381A - Sludge-water separation device and method for biological sewage treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sludge-water separation device for biological sewage treatment, which comprises a flotation-sedimentation tank, an air inlet pipe, an air inlet valve, a first sludge outlet pipe, a first sludge outlet valve, a sweeping head, a second sludge outlet pipe and a floating sludge collection device, wherein the air inlet pipe, the air inlet valve, the first sludge outlet pipe, the first sludge outlet valve, the sweeping head, the second sludge outlet pipe and the floating sludge collection device are arranged in the flotation-sedimentation tank, the air inlet pipe and the first sludge outlet pipe are communicated with the sweeping head close to the bottom of the flotation-sedimentation tank, and the floating sludge collection device is arranged at the liquid level of the flotation-sedimentation tank and is communicated with the second sludge outlet pipe so as to discharge second. The invention also discloses a method for separating mud and water by using the mud and water separating device. The invention can float partial sludge in the mixed solution to the liquid level and discharge the sludge out of the flotation-sedimentation tank, can effectively avoid the attachment, aggregation and agglomeration of the sludge on the bottom of the tank, and has the advantages of improving the sedimentation and activity of the sludge, improving the sewage treatment capacity, reducing the workload and cost of construction, use and maintenance, and the like.

Description

Sludge-water separation device and method for biological sewage treatment

Technical Field

The invention relates to a sludge-water separation device and method for biological sewage treatment.

Background

In current biological sewage treatment processes, flotation-sedimentation tanks are used to separate activated sludge from water to obtain supernatant water that is substantially free of solid matter such as activated sludge and concentrated mixed liquor (often simply referred to as sludge) that is rich in activated sludge, and the separated sludge is mostly returned (e.g., returned to a premixing step, an aeration step, etc.) to maintain the sewage treatment process. However, due to the factors such as the characteristics of the sewage treatment process, the change of water quality, the change of sludge concentration and the change of temperature, the sludge often swells and floats upwards, and the prior art generally adopts methods such as mechanical beating and crushing to treat the sewage. On the other hand, the sludge settled to the bottom of the tank may be aggregated and agglomerated, so that a part of the sludge may not flow back, and the accumulated sludge may have an undesirable anaerobic reaction. However, these treatment methods often require additional machinery or structures, which on the one hand take up space, and on the other hand the complex moving structures reduce reliability and lead to more maintenance work and costs.

Therefore, there is still a need to develop a new sludge-water separation apparatus for biological treatment of sewage.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a sludge-water separation apparatus and method for biological treatment of sewage so as to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art. Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

In one aspect, the invention provides a sludge-water separation device for biological sewage treatment, which comprises a flotation-sedimentation tank, an air inlet pipe, an air inlet valve, a first sludge outlet pipe, a first sludge outlet valve, a sweeping head, a second sludge outlet pipe and a floating sludge collection device, wherein the air inlet pipe, the first sludge outlet pipe and the sweeping head are arranged in the flotation-sedimentation tank; when the flotation-sedimentation tank is in a first state, an air inlet valve arranged on the air inlet pipe is opened, and a first sludge outlet valve arranged on the first sludge outlet pipe is closed, so that gas is allowed to enter the flotation-sedimentation tank through the sweeping head so as to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge, which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed liquid, to the liquid level; when the flotation-sedimentation tank is in the second state, the air inlet valve provided on the air inlet pipe is closed and the first sludge outlet valve provided on the first sludge outlet pipe is opened, thereby allowing the first sludge at the bottom of the tank to be sucked out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe.

Further, the sludge collection device is made of any suitable material capable of collecting sludge floating on the liquid surface, such as a liquid surface scraper or one or more sludge collection trays disposed in the vicinity below the liquid surface, and each of the plurality of sludge collection trays is in communication with the second sludge outlet pipe through a sludge collection pipe.

Further, the device also comprises a supernatant liquid discharge device arranged at the upper part of the flotation-sedimentation tank; preferably, the supernatant discharging device comprises an overflow weir, a baffle, an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, the overflow weir is arranged on the inner side wall of the upper part of the wall of the flotation-sedimentation tank and is used for collecting supernatant in the flotation-sedimentation tank, the lower guide plate extending from the inner wall of the tank to the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank from bottom to top is arranged below the overflow weir, the upper guide plate extending from the inner wall of the tank to the inner wall of the flotation-sedimentation tank from top to bottom is arranged between the lower part of the overflow weir and the upper part of the lower guide plate, the lower guide plate and the upper guide plate are respectively jointed with each other at the edge of the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank, the baffle in a closed loop form is arranged above the upper guide plate and is used for enclosing sludge floating on the liquid level in the inside, and the baffle, the surface of the baffle facing the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank, the upper edge of the enclosure is higher than the upper edge of the overflow weir so as to prevent sludge floating on the liquid level from turning over the enclosure into the clean water zone, a slit is arranged between the lower edge of the enclosure and the upper surface of the upper guide plate so as to allow supernatant to enter the clean water zone through the slit, and the jointed edge of the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate extends into the interior of the flotation-sedimentation tank more than the lower edge of the enclosure so as to prevent sludge floating from the lower part of the flotation-sedimentation tank from entering the clean water zone.

Furthermore, the wall of the sweeping suction head facing the bottom of the pool is provided with a plurality of openings communicated with the air inlet pipe and the first sludge outlet pipe so as to allow gas to be sprayed out of the sweeping suction head to sweep the bottom of the pool or allow first sludge at the bottom of the pool to enter the sweeping suction head.

Further, the sweeping and sucking head is multiple and is respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe and the first sludge outlet pipe directly or through branch pipes.

Further, the sweeping head located at the middle of the bottom of the pool is closer to the bottom of the pool than the sweeping head surrounding the middle of the bottom of the pool.

Further, the device also comprises a liquid inlet pipe for introducing the mixed liquid containing the sludge into the lower part of the flotation-sedimentation tank.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating sludge and water for biological treatment of sewage, comprising the steps of:

s100, providing the sludge-water separation device for the biological sewage treatment;

s200, opening an air inlet valve and closing a first sludge outlet valve, so that gas enters a flotation-sedimentation tank through a sweeping suction head to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed solution to the liquid level;

s300, discharging the second sludge at the liquid level out of the flotation-sedimentation tank;

s400, closing the air inlet pipe, opening the first sludge outlet valve, and discharging the first sludge at the bottom of the tank out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe.

Further, step S200 is performed simultaneously with step S300, thereby advantageously discharging the floating sludge as soon as possible; or, further, the step S300 and the step S400 are carried out simultaneously, so that the retention time of the mixed liquor in the flotation-sedimentation tank is favorably reduced, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a biological wastewater treatment process comprising the steps of:

b100, providing an aeration tank and the sludge-water separation device for the biological sewage treatment;

b150, introducing the mixed liquid subjected to aeration treatment in the aeration tank into a flotation-sedimentation tank of the sludge-water separation device;

b200, opening an air inlet valve and closing a first sludge outlet valve, and enabling gas to enter the flotation-sedimentation tank through a sweeping suction head so as to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed liquid to the liquid level;

b300, discharging the second sludge at the liquid level out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through a sludge collecting disc and a second sludge outlet pipe;

b400, closing the air inlet pipe, opening a first sludge outlet valve, and discharging the first sludge at the bottom of the tank out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through a first sludge outlet pipe;

b500, introducing at least part of the first sludge discharged from the flotation-sedimentation tank in the step B400 into an aeration tank as first return sludge.

Further, in the above biological sewage treatment method, wherein the step B100 further comprises providing a sewage pretreatment device, the sewage pretreatment device being one or more selected from a biological regulation tank, a pre-aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, an anaerobic treatment device, and a membrane biological processor, and the biological sewage treatment method further comprises the steps of:

b120, treating the raw sewage by a sewage pretreatment device and then introducing the treated raw sewage into an aeration tank;

b350, introducing part or all of the second sludge discharged from the flotation-sedimentation tank of the step B300 into a sewage pretreatment device as second return sludge for treatment, and optionally discharging part or all of the second sludge as excess sludge.

The invention can float partial sludge in the mixed solution to the liquid level and discharge the sludge out of the flotation-sedimentation tank, can effectively avoid the attachment, aggregation and agglomeration of the sludge on the bottom of the tank, and has the advantages of improving the sedimentation and activity of the sludge, improving the sewage treatment capacity, reducing the workload and cost of construction, use and maintenance, and the like.

The terms used herein have their meanings well known in the art, however for clarity the following definitions are still given.

The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

"substantially" or "essentially" does not exclude the meaning of "completely". For example, a component "substantially free" of Y may also be completely free of Y. Where a particular value is defined, it is meant that the particular value has a range that floats above and below the particular value, which may be +/-5%, +/-4%, +/-3%, +/-2%, +/-1%, +/-0.5%, +/-0.2%, +/-0.1%, +/-0.05%, +/-0.01%, etc., of the particular value. If desired, "substantially" or "essentially" may be substituted for or deleted from the definition of the invention with the above floating ranges.

"comprising" includes both the recited factors and also allows for the inclusion of additional, non-deterministic factors.

"about," "about," or "approximately," when defining a particular value, means that the particular value has a range that varies from top to bottom based on the particular value, and the range can be +/-5%, +/-4%, +/-3%, +/-2%, +/-1%, +/-0.5%, +/-0.2%, +/-0.1%, +/-0.05%, +/-0.01%, etc., of the particular value.

The numerical ranges used herein for the sake of brevity include not only the endpoints thereof, but also all the subranges thereof and all the individual numerical values within that range. For example, a numerical range of 1 to 6 includes not only sub-ranges, such as 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 6, 3 to 6, etc., but also individual numbers within that range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of a flotation-sedimentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the flotation-precipitation tank of FIG. 1 taken along section A-A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of section A-A of the flotation-precipitation cell shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the flotation-sedimentation tank of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the suction head of the flotation-sedimentation tank shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a biological wastewater treatment system using the flotation-precipitation tank of FIG. 1;

wherein the reference numerals have the following meanings: 1-a pool wall; 2-the bottom of the pool; 3-an overflow weir; 4-a liquid inlet pipe; 41-liquid inlet valve; 42-a distributor; 5, an air inlet pipe; 51-an intake valve; 6-sweeping the suction head; 60-axle tube; 601-spokes; 602-a wheel tube; 603-bottom hole; 604-end holes; 61-branch pipe; 7-a first sludge outlet pipe; 71-a first mud valve; 8-water outlet pipe; 81-water outlet valve; 9-a second sludge outlet pipe; 91-a second mud valve; 92-a mud collection pipe; 93-mud collecting disc; 94-enclosure; 95-an upper guide plate; 96-lower guide plate; 97-slit.

Detailed Description

Some embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the drawings, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the flotation-sedimentation tank according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a pool wall 1, an overflow weir 3, a pool bottom 2, a sweeping suction head 6, a branch pipe 61, a liquid inlet pipe 4, a liquid inlet valve 41, a distributor 42, an air inlet pipe 5, an air inlet valve 51, a first sludge outlet pipe 7, a first sludge outlet valve 71, a water outlet pipe 8, a water outlet valve 81, a second sludge outlet pipe 9, a second sludge outlet valve 91, a sludge collecting pipe 92, a sludge collecting tray 93, a fence 94, an upper guide plate 95, a lower guide plate 96 and a slit 97, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 4 is communicated with the distributor 42 close to the pool bottom 2 and can be used for guiding mixed liquid containing active sludge from the outside into the lower part of a flotation-sedimentation pool when the liquid inlet valve 41 arranged on the liquid inlet pipe 4 is opened; the overflow weir 3 is arranged on the inner side wall of the upper part of the tank wall 1 and is used for collecting supernatant in the flotation-sedimentation tank; the water outlet pipe 8 is communicated with the overflow weir 3 and is used for leading supernatant in the overflow weir 3 out of the flotation-sedimentation tank when an outlet valve 81 arranged on the water outlet pipe 8 is opened; the intake pipe 5 communicates with a sweeping suction head 6 located above the bottom 2 via a branch pipe 61 and serves to introduce gas from the outside (e.g., air from an aeration blower, etc.) into the flotation-precipitation tank through the sweeping suction head 6 so as to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom 2 when an intake valve 51 provided on the intake pipe 5 is opened; the first sludge outlet pipe 7 is communicated with the sweeping and sucking head 6 sequentially through the lower part of the air inlet pipe 5 and the branch pipe 61 and is used for sucking the first sludge at the bottom 2 out of the flotation-sedimentation tank when a first sludge outlet valve 71 arranged on the first sludge outlet pipe 7 is opened; the second sludge outlet pipe 9 is communicated with a sludge collecting disc 93 which is arranged at the position close to the liquid level in the flotation-sedimentation tank through a sludge collecting pipe 92 in sequence, and is used for pumping out the second sludge floating at the liquid level out of the flotation-sedimentation tank when a second sludge outlet valve 91 arranged on the second sludge outlet pipe 9 is opened; a lower guide plate 96 extending from the inner wall of the tank wall 1 to the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank from bottom to top is arranged below the overflow weir 3, an upper guide plate 95 extending from the inner wall of the tank wall 1 to the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank from top to bottom is arranged between the lower part of the overflow weir 3 and the upper part of the lower guide plate 95, the edges of the lower guide plate 96 and the upper guide plate 95 at the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank are mutually jointed, a fence 94 in a closed loop form is arranged above the upper guide plate 95 for enclosing the sludge floating on the liquid surface inside, the fence 94 and the surface of the overflow weir 3 facing the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank and the upper surface of the upper guide plate 95 jointly form a trough serving as a clean water zone, the upper edge of the fence 94 is higher than the upper edge of the overflow weir 3 so that the sludge floating on the liquid surface does not turn over the fence 94 to enter the clean water zone, a slit 97 is arranged between the lower edge of the fence 94 and the upper surface of the upper guide plate 95 so as, the joined edges of the upper and lower guide plates 95, 96 extend more into the interior of the flotation-sedimentation tank than the lower edge of the apron 94 for blocking sludge floating from the lower portion of the flotation-sedimentation tank from entering the clean water zone.

In some cases, when sludge difficult to settle or even float is present in the mixed liquor of the flotation-sedimentation tank, a flotation operation for the sludge is performed, which comprises: closing the first sludge outlet valve 71, opening the air inlet valve 51 to blow air into the flotation-sedimentation tank through the air inlet pipe 5, the branch pipe 61 and the sweeping head 6, wherein bubbles at the sweeping head 6 float up from the tank bottom 2 and float to the liquid surface together with sludge (e.g. sludge which is difficult to settle and even float up, such as flocculent sludge or sludge containing undegraded fats or greases, etc.) which is easy to combine with bubbles in the mixed liquid, wherein the floating sludge and bubbles are guided by the lower guide plate 96 into the enclosure 94; then, carrying out a second sludge discharge operation, comprising: the second sludge valve 91 is opened to pump the second sludge floating at the liquid surface inside the enclosure 94 out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the second sludge outlet pipe 9, the sludge collecting pipe 92 and the sludge collecting tray 93.

In some cases, the flotation operation may be performed after each lapse of a specified time interval, each lasting 1-30 minutes, e.g., 2-25 minutes, 3-20 minutes, 4-15 minutes, 5-10 minutes, 6-8 minutes, etc., and the time interval may be 1 hour to 20 days, e.g., 2 hours to 15 days, 3 hours to 10 days, 4 hours to 8 days, 5 hours to 6 days, 6 hours to 5 days, 12 hours to 4 days, 1-3 days, about 2 days, etc.

In some cases, whether or not flotation is being performed, a second sludge discharge operation may be performed whenever floating sludge is present at the liquid level of the flotation-sedimentation tank to avoid excessive accumulation of sludge at the liquid level to enter the clean water zone from the slit 97.

In some cases, the mud collection pan 93 has a plurality and each communicates with the mud collection pipe 92 located therebelow.

In some cases, the supernatant within the enclosure 94 enters the clean water zone from the slit 97 and then turns over the weir 3 and exits the flotation-precipitation tank through the outlet pipe 8 and the open outlet valve 81. In some cases, a small amount of sludge entrained in the supernatant settles in the clean water zone and slides down the upper surface of the upper guide plate 95 through the slit 97 into the flotation-precipitation tank.

In some cases, the bottom 2 is subjected to a purging operation when sludge attachment, accumulation or caking is present or about to occur on the bottom 2, comprising: closing the first sludge outlet valve 71, opening the air inlet valve 51 to blow the gas to the tank bottom 2 through the air inlet pipe 5, the branch pipe 61 and the sweeping and sucking head 6, and impacting the sludge attached, gathered or agglomerated on the tank bottom 2 by utilizing the airflow, the bubbles and the water flow driven by the airflow to crush the sludge and mix the sludge into the mixed liquid; then, a first sludge discharge operation is performed, comprising: the air inlet valve 51 is closed, and the first sludge outlet valve 71 is opened to pump the first sludge on the tank bottom 2 out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe 7, the branch pipe 61 and the sweeping suction head 6.

In some cases, the purging operation may be performed at specific time intervals, each for 1-30 minutes, e.g., 2-25 minutes, 3-20 minutes, 4-15 minutes, 5-10 minutes, 6-8 minutes, etc., and the time intervals may be 1 hour to 20 days, e.g., 2 hours to 15 days, 3 hours to 10 days, 4 hours to 8 days, 5 hours to 6 days, 6 hours to 5 days, 12 hours to 4 days, 1-3 days, about 2 days, etc.

In some cases, when no or imminent adhesion, aggregation or caking of sludge on the bottom 2 occurs, the first sludge removal operation may be performed continuously, wherein the inlet valve 41 may be kept open and the amount of mixed liquor entering the flotation-precipitation tank through the inlet pipe 4 is made larger than the amount of mixed liquor leaving the flotation-precipitation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe 7, the difference being the amount of supernatant leaving the flotation-precipitation tank through the outlet pipe 8 and the open outlet valve 81.

In some cases, there are a plurality of branch pipes 61, one or more sweeping heads 6 are connected to each branch pipe 61, and one or more sweeping heads 6 may also be directly connected to the intake pipe 5. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, one end of each of the 6 branch pipes 61 is connected to the lower end of the air intake pipe 5, the other end of each of the 6 branch pipes 61 is connected to a sweeping head 6, and the lower end of the air intake pipe 5 is directly connected to a sweeping head 6; when the lower end of the inlet pipe 5 is located in the middle of the bottom 2, the 6 suction heads 6 connected with the branch pipes evenly surround the suction head 6 directly connected with the lower end of the inlet pipe 5, and the suction head 6 directly connected with the lower end of the inlet pipe 5 located in the middle is closer to the bottom 2 (as shown in fig. 3) than the 6 suction heads 6 connected with the branch pipes, which has the advantage that: since more head is lost when the gas reaches the sweeping head 6 through the branch pipe 61, and the middle sweeping head 6 does not lose the head but receives more water pressure, the amount of gas ejected from the sweeping heads 6 located at the middle and the periphery is substantially equal, and a uniform sweeping effect can be produced over the entire bottom 2 of the pool.

In some cases, as shown in FIG. 5, the sweeping tip 6 may have a spoke-like structure including a central shaft tube 60, a plurality of spokes 601 vertically communicating with the shaft tube 60, a wheel tube 602 concentric with the shaft tube 60 and communicating with the plurality of spokes 601, a plurality of bottom holes 603 opened in the tube wall of each of the spokes 601 and the wheel tube 602 facing the tank bottom 2, and optionally, an end hole 604 opened in an end of the spoke 601 away from the shaft tube 60. The bottom holes 603 blow gas substantially vertically towards the bottom 2 to minimize sludge on the bottom 2, while the end holes 604 create a gas flow and entrained water flow proximate and substantially parallel to the bottom 2 to break up sludge on the portion of the bottom 2 not covered by the sweeping suction head 6.

In some cases, as shown in fig. 6, the flotation-sedimentation tank of the present invention may be combined with an aeration tank to form a biological sewage treatment system, wherein the mixed liquid of raw sewage treated by the conditioning tank and the aeration tank is fed into the flotation-sedimentation tank for sludge-water separation to obtain separated supernatant and first sludge and second sludge, the first sludge is returned to the aeration tank as the first return sludge, and the second sludge is returned to the conditioning tank as the second return sludge for further treatment to convert the first sludge into sludge with better performance. In some cases, some or all of the second sludge may also be returned to the aeration tank as the first return sludge. In some cases, the second sludge containing more impurities (e.g., flocs, and hydrophobic impurities such as fats and oils) that tend to adsorb bubbles can be added as a carbon source component to a treatment step requiring a carbon source, such as a denitrification step or the like. In some cases, since the second sludge contains more impurities (e.g., flocs, and hydrophobic impurities such as grease and fat) that tend to adsorb bubbles, its settling property is poor and the ability to treat sewage is also poor, part or all of the second sludge may be discharged as excess sludge. Because the water content of the air floatation sludge is generally low, the subsequent harmless treatment of the residual sludge is facilitated.

On one hand, the invention has the sludge collecting disc 93 close to the liquid surface, which can discharge the sludge and other suspended impurities floating at the liquid surface out of the flotation-sedimentation tank, and can utilize the bubbles formed by the gas discharged by the sweeping suction head 6 to carry out flotation operation on the sludge in the mixed liquid, float part of the sludge and impurities which are easy to absorb the bubbles to the liquid surface and discharge the sludge and the impurities out of the flotation-sedimentation tank, so that the sludge with better sedimentation performance and lower impurity content is left in the flotation-sedimentation tank, thus obviously improving the sludge-water separation efficiency and effect of the flotation-sedimentation tank, shortening the sedimentation time to improve the treatment capacity, and reducing the suspended matters in the supernatant to improve the effluent quality. Meanwhile, when the sludge and impurities floating at the liquid surface are treated intensively by an additional step or discharged directly as excess sludge, the settling property of the sludge remaining in the flotation-precipitation tank and the ability to treat sewage are further significantly improved, which is particularly advantageous for a biological treatment system of sewage that employs high-concentration sludge and ultra-high-concentration sludge and thus is often subject to sludge bulking and floating.

On the other hand, the invention has the sweeping and sucking head 6 arranged close to the tank bottom 2, can sweep the tank bottom 2 by using gas, effectively avoids the attachment, aggregation and agglomeration of sludge on the tank bottom 2, and uses the same sweeping and sucking head 6 to pump out the sludge in the flotation-sedimentation tank, thereby bringing the following beneficial effects: (1) the arrangement of a device with a moving mechanism, such as a mud scraper and the like, in the flotation-sedimentation tank can be avoided, and the workload and the cost of construction, use and maintenance are reduced; (2) the blowing and pumping operations have small destructive effect on sludge structures such as sludge clusters and the like which are beneficial to maintaining the sludge performance (such as sedimentation, activity and the like), and are beneficial to maintaining the activity and rapid sedimentation performance of the sludge; (3) the bottom of the flotation-sedimentation tank is intermittently swept by using oxygen-containing gas such as air and the like, so that the adhesion, aggregation and caking of sludge at the bottom of the tank can be avoided, the oxygen content of mixed liquid near the bottom of the tank can be increased, and the adverse effects of anaerobic reaction and the like of the sludge at the bottom of the tank can be reduced.

The invention has been described above by way of example. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is by no means limited to these specific embodiments. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. A mud-water separation device for biological sewage treatment is characterized by comprising a flotation-sedimentation tank, an air inlet pipe, an air inlet valve, a first mud outlet pipe, a first mud outlet valve, a sweeping head, a second mud outlet pipe and a floating mud collection device, wherein the air inlet pipe, the air inlet valve, the first mud outlet pipe, the first mud outlet valve, the sweeping head, the second mud outlet pipe and the floating mud collection device are arranged in the flotation-sedimentation tank; when the flotation-sedimentation tank is in a first state, an air inlet valve arranged on the air inlet pipe is opened, and a first sludge outlet valve arranged on the first sludge outlet pipe is closed, so that gas is allowed to enter the flotation-sedimentation tank through the sweeping head so as to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge, which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed liquid, to the liquid level; when the flotation-sedimentation tank is in the second state, the air inlet valve provided on the air inlet pipe is closed and the first sludge outlet valve provided on the first sludge outlet pipe is opened, thereby allowing the first sludge settled at the bottom of the tank to be discharged out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe.

2. The mud-water separation device for biological wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the sludge floating collecting device is a liquid surface mud scraper or one or more sludge collecting trays disposed in the vicinity below the liquid surface, and each of the plurality of sludge collecting trays is communicated with the second sludge outlet pipe through a sludge collecting pipe.

3. The apparatus for separating sludge and water used in the biological treatment of wastewater according to claim 1, further comprising a supernatant discharging means provided at an upper portion of the flotation-precipitation tank; preferably, the supernatant discharging device comprises an overflow weir, a baffle, an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate, the overflow weir is arranged on the inner side wall of the upper part of the wall of the flotation-sedimentation tank and is used for collecting supernatant in the flotation-sedimentation tank, the lower guide plate extending from the inner wall of the tank to the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank from bottom to top is arranged below the overflow weir, the upper guide plate extending from the inner wall of the tank to the inner wall of the flotation-sedimentation tank from top to bottom is arranged between the lower part of the overflow weir and the upper part of the lower guide plate, the lower guide plate and the upper guide plate are respectively jointed with each other at the edge of the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank, the baffle in a closed loop form is arranged above the upper guide plate and is used for enclosing sludge floating on the liquid level in the inside, and the baffle, the surface of the baffle facing the inside of the flotation-sedimentation tank, the upper edge of the enclosure is higher than the upper edge of the overflow weir so as to prevent sludge floating on the liquid level from turning over the enclosure into the clean water zone, a slit is arranged between the lower edge of the enclosure and the upper surface of the upper guide plate so as to allow supernatant to enter the clean water zone through the slit, and the jointed edge of the upper guide plate and the lower guide plate extends into the interior of the flotation-sedimentation tank more than the lower edge of the enclosure so as to prevent sludge floating from the lower part of the flotation-sedimentation tank from entering the clean water zone.

4. The apparatus for separating sludge and water from the biological treatment of wastewater as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall of the sweeping nozzle facing the bottom of the tank is provided with a plurality of openings communicating with the inlet pipe and the first sludge outlet pipe for allowing the gas to be ejected out of the sweeping nozzle to sweep the bottom of the tank or allowing the first sludge at the bottom of the tank to enter the sweeping nozzle.

5. The sludge-water separation apparatus for the biological treatment of wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sweeping suction head is plural and each communicates with the intake pipe and the first sludge outlet pipe directly or through a branch pipe.

6. The apparatus for separating sludge and water from the biological treatment of wastewater as set forth in claim 5, wherein the sweeping head located at the center of the bottom of the tank is located closer to the bottom of the tank than the sweeping head around the center of the bottom of the tank.

7. The apparatus for separating sludge and water from the biological treatment of wastewater as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a liquid inlet pipe for introducing a mixed liquid containing sludge into a lower portion of the flotation-precipitation tank.

8. A sludge-water separation method for biological sewage treatment comprises the following steps:

s100, providing a sludge-water separation device for biological sewage treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 7;

s200, opening an air inlet valve and closing a first sludge outlet valve, so that gas enters a flotation-sedimentation tank through a sweeping suction head to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed solution to the liquid level;

s300, discharging the second sludge at the liquid level out of the flotation-sedimentation tank;

s400, closing the air inlet pipe, opening the first sludge outlet valve, and discharging the first sludge at the bottom of the tank out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through the first sludge outlet pipe.

9. The method for separating sludge and water for biological treatment of wastewater according to claim 8, wherein step S200 is performed simultaneously with step S300, or step S300 is performed simultaneously with step S400.

10. A biological sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:

b100, providing an aeration tank and the sludge-water separation device for sewage biological treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 7;

b150, introducing the mixed liquid subjected to aeration treatment in the aeration tank into a flotation-sedimentation tank of the sludge-water separation device;

b200, opening an air inlet valve and closing a first sludge outlet valve, and enabling gas to enter the flotation-sedimentation tank through a sweeping suction head so as to sweep sludge sediment on the bottom of the tank and generate bubbles to float sludge which is easy to combine with the bubbles in the mixed liquid to the liquid level;

b300, discharging the second sludge at the liquid level out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through a sludge collecting disc and a second sludge outlet pipe;

b400, closing the air inlet pipe, opening a first sludge outlet valve, and discharging the first sludge at the bottom of the tank out of the flotation-sedimentation tank through a first sludge outlet pipe;

b500, introducing at least part of the first sludge discharged from the flotation-sedimentation tank in the step B400 into an aeration tank as first return sludge.

11. The biological wastewater treatment method according to claim 10, wherein the step B100 further comprises providing a wastewater pretreatment device, the wastewater pretreatment device being one or more selected from the group consisting of a biological conditioning tank, a denitrification treatment device, a pre-aeration tank, an oxidation ditch, an anaerobic treatment device, and a membrane biological processor, and the biological wastewater treatment method further comprises the steps of:

b120, treating the raw sewage by a sewage pretreatment device and then introducing the treated raw sewage into an aeration tank;

b350, introducing part or all of the second sludge discharged from the flotation-sedimentation tank of the step B300 into a sewage pretreatment device as second return sludge for treatment, and optionally discharging part or all of the second sludge as excess sludge.

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