CN111604783A

CN111604783A - Reducing polishing manipulator complete machine

Info

Publication number: CN111604783A
Application number: CN202010509175.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈清蓉
Original assignee: Jinghailianke Ningbo Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinghailianke Ningbo Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-10
Filing date: 2019-10-10
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-10
Also published as: CN111604783B; CN110722436A; CN110722436B

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-diameter polishing manipulator complete machine which comprises a motor mounting seat, a dust storage disc, a sliding groove disc, a variable-diameter driving motor, a rotary driving motor, four polishing and grinding assemblies and a variable-diameter central shaft, wherein a dust storage cavity is formed between the sliding groove disc and the dust storage disc, a vacuum suction nozzle is fixed on the top surface of the dust storage disc, a rotary driven gear is sleeved on a groove disc connecting pipe, the rotary driving motor is connected with a rotary driving gear, the variable-diameter driving motor is connected with the variable-diameter driving gear, the variable-diameter central shaft is sleeved with the variable-diameter driven gear, a variable-diameter electromagnet is fixed on the motor mounting seat, an electromagnetic elastic clamping piece is arranged in the variable-diameter central shaft, the variable-diameter central shaft is sleeved with a central gear, an upper rack and a; the adjustable polishing device realizes that the movable radiuses of the four polishing and grinding assemblies are adjustable, can solve the problem of large grinding dead angles, improves the polishing efficiency, saves the polishing time and improves the product quality.

Description

Reducing polishing manipulator complete machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a reducing polishing manipulator complete machine.

Background

The existing polishing equipment is commonly used for polishing parts, but the movable radius of a polishing knife of the existing polishing equipment is not adjustable, and when the parts are polished in a corner position area, the polishing knife with small movable radius is usually required to be replaced, so that the problem of large polishing dead angle is solved, and the problems of time consumption and low polishing efficiency are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a reducing polishing manipulator complete machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme:

the reducing polishing manipulator complete machine comprises a base, a hanging cross arm and a suspension arm, wherein the suspension arm is connected with the hanging cross arm in a sliding mode and can move left and right relative to the hanging cross arm, and a polishing disc is installed at the lower end of the suspension arm.

The polishing disc comprises a motor mounting seat, a dust storage disc, a sliding groove disc, a reducing driving motor, a rotary driving motor, four polishing and polishing assemblies and a reducing central shaft, the dust storage disc is fixed on the bottom surface of the motor mounting seat, the reducing driving motor and the rotary driving motor are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the motor mounting seat, the sliding groove disc comprises a groove disc connecting pipe and a groove disc body, the lower end of the groove disc connecting pipe is connected to the middle part of the groove disc body, the upper end of the groove disc connecting pipe upwards penetrates through the dust storage disc and is matched with the dust storage disc through a bearing piece, the top surface of the groove disc body is attached to the bottom surface of the dust storage disc, a dust storage cavity is formed between the groove disc body and the dust storage disc, a vacuum suction nozzle is fixed on the top surface of the dust storage disc and is communicated with the dust storage cavity, a rotary driven gear is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the groove disc connecting pipe, and the output end of the rotary driving motor is, the variable-diameter driving mechanism comprises a rotating driving gear, a variable-diameter central shaft, a variable-diameter driven gear, a variable-diameter driving gear, a variable-diameter central shaft, a variable-diameter driven gear, an electromagnetic elastic clamping piece and a motor mounting seat, wherein the rotating driving gear is meshed with the rotating driven gear, the output end of the variable-diameter driving motor penetrates through the motor mounting seat and then is connected with the variable-diameter driving gear, the upper end of the variable-diameter central shaft is provided with a circular ring part and a central blind hole, the circular ring part is movably sleeved with the variable-diameter driven gear, the variable-diameter driven gear is meshed with the variable-diameter driving gear, the motor mounting seat is fixedly provided with the variable-diameter electromagnet, the variable-diameter electromagnet is positioned between the;

the lower end of the reducing center shaft penetrates through the groove disc connecting pipe and then extends into the groove disc body, the groove disc body is fixedly sleeved with a center gear, two upper racks and two lower racks are movably embedded in the groove disc body, the two upper racks and the two lower racks are arranged in a cross shape, the two upper racks are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the upper end of the center gear, the two lower racks are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the lower end of the center gear, one end of each of the two upper racks is respectively downwards extended with an L-shaped upper connecting block, the two upper connecting blocks are mutually staggered, one end of each of the two lower racks is respectively downwards extended with an L-shaped lower connecting block, the two lower connecting blocks are mutually staggered, two polishing and polishing assemblies are fixedly connected to the two upper connecting blocks, and the other two polishing and polishing assemblies are fixedly connected to the two lower connecting blocks, the groove disc body is provided with a plurality of dust suction holes in a gap between two adjacent polishing and grinding assemblies, and the dust suction holes are communicated with the dust storage chamber.

The polishing and grinding assembly comprises a fan-shaped grinding sliding block, a damping pad and a grinding knife, the grinding sliding block is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper connecting block or the bottom connecting block, the damping pad is fixed on the bottom surface of the grinding sliding block, and the grinding knife is fixed on the bottom surface of the damping pad.

The polishing device is characterized in that an electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism is further embedded in the sliding groove disc and used for preventing the central gear from rotating during polishing and grinding.

The electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism comprises a locking electromagnet, a locking body, a locking fixture block and a locking reset spring, wherein the locking electromagnet is fixed at one end of the locking body, the locking fixture block is arranged in the locking body, the locking reset spring is sleeved on the locking fixture block, two ends of the locking reset spring abut against the locking fixture block and the locking body respectively, and one end of the locking body is embedded into a tooth groove of the central gear in the power-off state of the locking electromagnet.

Wherein, electromagnetism elasticity chucking spare includes chucking body, chucking slider and chucking reset spring, the chucking body inlays to be established in the spout of ring portion, the one end of chucking slider slides and imbeds in the chucking body, chucking reset spring overlaps and establishes on the chucking slider, and its both ends lean on with chucking slider and chucking body top respectively, the other end of chucking slider can block in reducing driven gear's keyway under reducing electro-magnet outage state.

The outer circumference of the top surface of the groove disc body extends upwards to form an enclosing barrier, and the inner diameter of the enclosing barrier is matched with the outer diameter of the dust storage disc.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the adjustable polishing machine has the advantages that the movable radiuses of the four polishing and polishing assemblies are ingeniously adjustable through the matching of the reducing driving motor and the gear rack and the matching of the reducing electromagnet and the two electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces, the problem that polishing dead angles are large can be solved, polishing efficiency is not affected, polishing time is saved, product quality is improved, gear rack transmission is used, the structure is more reliable, and cost is low.

In addition, the invention can continuously clean the generated chips and powder in the process of grinding and polishing, thereby ensuring the polishing effect of parts, having better polishing effect and reducing the grinding and polishing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of a polishing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a polishing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a polishing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state where the movable radius of a polishing pad assembly in the polishing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is increased;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper rack, the lower rack and the central gear provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a polishing and grinding assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding tray provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable diameter central shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of an electromagnetically resilient retainer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1-a motor mounting seat; 2-a dust storage disc; 3-sliding groove disc; 31-a fluted disc connecting tube; 32-a fluted disc body; 321-enclosure; 33-dust suction holes; 4-a variable diameter driving motor; 5-a rotary drive motor; 6-polishing and grinding the component; 61-polishing the sliding block; 62-a shock pad; 63-polishing the knife; 7-a variable diameter central shaft; 71-a circular ring part; 72-central blind hole; 73-a chute; 8-a bearing member; 9-a dust storage chamber; 10-a rotary driven gear; 20-a rotary drive gear; 30-a variable diameter drive gear; 40-a reducing driven gear; 50-variable diameter electromagnet; 60-an electromagnetic elastic clamp; 601-clamping the body; 602-clamping the slide block; 603-chucking a return spring; 70-a sun gear; 80-upper rack; 801-connecting a block; 90-lower rack; 901-lower connecting block; 100-an electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism; 1001-locking electromagnet; 1002-a lock body; 1003-locking the fixture block; 1004-locking return spring;

a base-a; a suspension cross arm-c; a boom-b.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the reducing polishing manipulator complete machine according to the embodiment includes a base a, a suspension cross arm c, a suspension arm b slidably connected to the suspension cross arm and capable of moving left and right relative to the suspension cross arm, and a polishing disk mounted at a lower end of the suspension arm.

The polishing disc comprises a motor mounting seat 1, a dust storage disc 2, a sliding groove disc 3, a reducing drive motor 4, a rotary drive motor 5, four polishing grinding assemblies 6 and a reducing center shaft 7, the dust storage disc 2 is fixed on the bottom surface of the motor mounting seat 1, the reducing drive motor 4 and the rotary drive motor 5 are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the motor mounting seat 1, the sliding groove disc 3 comprises a groove disc connecting pipe 31 and a groove disc body 32, the lower end of the groove disc connecting pipe 31 is connected to the middle of the groove disc body 32, the upper end of the groove disc connecting pipe 31 upwards penetrates through the dust storage disc 2 and is matched with the dust storage disc 2 through a bearing piece 8, the top surface of the groove disc body 32 is attached to the bottom surface of the dust storage disc 2 and forms a dust storage chamber 9 with the dust storage disc 2, a vacuum suction nozzle (not shown in the figure) is fixed on the top surface of the dust storage disc 2 and is communicated with the dust storage chamber 9, the upper end of the fluted disc connecting pipe 31 is fixedly sleeved with a rotary driven gear 10, the output end of a rotary driving motor 5 is connected with a rotary driving gear 20 after passing through a motor mounting seat 1, the rotary driving gear 20 is meshed with the rotary driven gear 10, the output end of a reducing driving motor 4 is connected with a reducing driving gear 30 after passing through the motor mounting seat 1, the upper end of a reducing central shaft 7 is provided with a circular ring part 71 and a central blind hole 72, the circular ring part 71 is movably sleeved with a reducing driven gear 40, the reducing driven gear 40 is meshed with the reducing driving gear 30, the motor mounting seat 1 is fixedly provided with a reducing electromagnet 50, the reducing electromagnet 50 is positioned between the reducing driving motor 4 and the rotary driving motor 5, the lower end of the reducing electromagnet 50 extends into the central blind hole 72, the circular ring part 71 is provided with two sliding chutes 73 communicated with the central blind, electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces 60 are respectively arranged in the two sliding grooves 73, and the electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces 60 are used for enabling the reducing central shaft 7 to rotate along with the reducing driven gear 40 when the reducing electromagnet 50 is in a power-off state;

the lower end of the reducing center shaft 7 penetrates through the tray connecting pipe 31 and then extends into the tray body 32, the central gear 70 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the reducing center shaft, two upper racks 80 and two lower racks 90 are movably embedded in the tray body 32, the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 are arranged in a cross shape, the two upper racks 80 are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the upper end of the central gear 70, the two lower racks 90 are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the lower end of the central gear 70, one end of each of the two upper racks 80 is respectively extended downwards to form an L-shaped upper connecting block 801, the two upper connecting blocks 801 are arranged in a staggered mode, one end of each of the two lower racks 90 is respectively extended downwards to form an L-shaped lower connecting block 901, the two lower connecting blocks 901 are arranged in a staggered mode, and the two polishing and grinding assemblies 6 are fixedly connected to the two upper connecting blocks 801, the other two polishing and grinding assemblies 6 are fixedly connected to the two lower connecting blocks 901, four dust suction holes 33 are formed in a gap between two adjacent polishing and grinding assemblies 6 of the grooved disc body 32, and the four dust suction holes 33 are communicated with the dust storage chamber 9 through a dust suction channel after being communicated with each other.

The working mode of the embodiment is as follows: initially, the central area of the part is ground, the reducing electromagnet 50 is not powered on, then the reducing driving motor 4 drives the reducing driving gear 30 to rotate, the reducing driving gear 30 drives the reducing driven gear 40 to rotate, at the moment, the reducing electromagnet 50 cannot magnetically adsorb the electromagnetic elastic clamping piece 60, the electromagnetic elastic clamping piece 60 can enable the reducing central shaft 7 to be connected with the reducing driven gear 40, the reducing driven gear 40 can drive the reducing central shaft 7 to rotate, the reducing central shaft 7 can drive the central gear 70 to rotate, the central gear 70 can drive the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 to move, the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 can simultaneously drive the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 to extend outwards, so that the movable radius of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 is increased, when the preset position is reached, the reducing driving motor 4 stops working, and the reducing driving motor 4 can also continue to work, however, the reducing electromagnet 50 is electrified, and the reducing electromagnet 50 magnetically adsorbs the two electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces 60, so that the reducing central shaft 7 is disconnected from the reducing driven gear 40 and cannot rotate along with the reducing driven gear 40, and the movable radiuses of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 can be kept unchanged; then, the rotary driving motor 5 works to drive the rotary driving gear 20 to rotate, the rotary driving gear 20 drives the sliding groove disc 3 to rotate, and the sliding groove disc 3 simultaneously drives the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 to rotate through the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90, so that the parts are polished and polished; when the corner position area of the part needs to be polished, the reducing electromagnet 50 is not powered on, then the reducing driving motor 4 reversely drives the reducing driving gear 30 to rotate, the reducing driving gear 30 drives the reducing driven gear 40 to rotate, at the moment, the reducing electromagnet 50 cannot magnetically adsorb the electromagnetic elastic clamping piece 60, the electromagnetic elastic clamping piece 60 can enable the reducing central shaft 7 to be connected with the reducing driven gear 40, the reducing driven gear 40 can drive the reducing central shaft 7 to rotate, the reducing central shaft 7 rotates to drive the central gear 70 to rotate, the central gear 70 rotates to drive the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 to move, the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 can simultaneously drive the four polishing and polishing assemblies 6 to withdraw inwards, so that the movable radius of the four polishing and polishing assemblies 6 is reduced, when the preset position is reached, the reducing electromagnet 50 is powered on, and the connection between the reducing central shaft 7 and the reducing driven gear 40 is, then, under the drive of the rotary driving motor 5, the four polishing and grinding components 6 rotate at a high speed to polish and polish the corner position area of the part, so that the polishing dead angle is greatly reduced.

In addition, during the grinding process, debris and powder can be generated, and if the debris and the powder are not cleaned in time, the polishing effect of the part can be seriously influenced; therefore, in the grinding and polishing process, the vacuum suction nozzle works simultaneously to vacuumize the dust storage chamber 9, and under the action of negative pressure, chips and powder generated by grinding can enter the dust storage chamber 9 through the dust suction hole 33 and the dust suction channel, so that the chips and the powder generated by grinding and polishing can be sucked into the dust storage chamber 9 in time to be stored, the influence on the polishing effect of parts is avoided, and the structure is more reliable.

This embodiment is through the cooperation of reducing driving motor 4 and rack and pinion to and the cooperation of reducing electro-magnet 50 and two electromagnetism elasticity chucking spare 60, four polishing subassembly 6's that polish radius of activity is adjustable is realized ingeniously, not only can solve the great problem in dead angle ratio of polishing, still does not influence polishing efficiency, saves the polishing time, improves product quality, and uses rack and pinion transmission, and the structure is more reliable, and is with low costs.

In addition, this embodiment still can be in the burnishing and polishing in-process, and the piece and the powder that constantly clear up the production ensure the polishing effect of part, and polishing effect is better, reduces the burnishing and polishing cost.

Based on the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 7, the polishing and grinding assembly 6 includes a fan-shaped grinding slider 61, a shock absorbing pad 62 and a grinding blade 63, the grinding slider 61 is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper connecting block 801 or the lower connecting block 901, the shock absorbing pad 62 is fixed on the bottom surface of the grinding slider 61, and the grinding blade 63 is fixed on the bottom surface of the shock absorbing pad 62; specifically, four polishing subassemblies 6 of polishing that are fan-shaped structure form a circular, and the central contained angle of the slider 61 of polishing promptly is 90 degrees, and when polishing, the sword 63 of polishing polishes the polishing to the spare part, and shock pad 62 provides the cushioning effect for the sword 63 of polishing, and shock pad 62 can adopt sponge shock pad 62, protects better the sword 63 of polishing, avoids polishing the sword 63 and damages.

Based on the above embodiment, further, an electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism 100 is embedded in the sliding groove disc 3, and the electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism 100 is used for preventing the sun gear 70 from rotating during polishing and grinding; specifically, two electromagnetic elastic locking mechanisms 100 are arranged in the sliding groove disc 3 relatively, when the polishing is performed, the movable radiuses of the four polishing assemblies 6 are kept unchanged and rotate at a high speed, although the gear rack has a self-locking function, for further ensuring safety, the central gear 70 is locked by the two electromagnetic elastic locking mechanisms 100, the central gear 70 is prevented from rotating, two upper racks 80 and two lower racks 90 are locked, the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 cannot be thrown out under high-speed rotation, the movable radiuses of the four polishing assemblies 6 are kept, the risk that the polishing assemblies 6 are thrown out is avoided, and the structure is safer and more reliable. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the electromagnetic elastic locking mechanism 100 includes a locking electromagnet 1001, a locking body 1002, a locking latch 1003, and a locking return spring 1004, the locking electromagnet 1001 is fixed at one end of the locking body 1002, the locking latch 1003 is disposed in the locking body 1002, the locking return spring 1004 is sleeved on the locking latch 1003, and two ends of the locking return spring abut against the locking latch 1003 and the locking body 1002 respectively, and one end of the locking body 1002 is embedded in the tooth groove of the central gear 70 in the power-off state of the locking electromagnet 1001; when the polishing and grinding assembly works, when the movable radiuses of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 need to be adjusted, the locking electromagnet 1001 is electrified, the locking electromagnet 1001 magnetically adsorbs the locking fixture block 1003, the locking fixture block 1003 is accommodated in the locking body 1002, the locking return spring 1004 is compressed, the locking fixture block 1003 can leave the tooth groove of the central gear 70, at the moment, the central gear 70 can drive the two upper racks 80 and the two lower racks 90 to move under the driving of the reducing driving motor 4, and the movable radiuses of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 are adjusted; and after the adjustment of the movable radius of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 is completed, the locking electromagnet 1001 is powered off, the locking fixture block 1003 is reset under the action of the locking reset spring 1004, the other end of the locking fixture block 1003 is embedded into the tooth groove of the central gear 70 again, the central gear 70 is locked, and the central gear 70 is guaranteed not to rotate during polishing and grinding.

Based on the above embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 9, the electromagnetic elastic clamping member 60 includes a clamping body 601, a clamping slider 602, and a clamping return spring 603, the clamping body 601 is embedded in the sliding groove 73 of the circular ring portion 71, one end of the clamping slider 602 is embedded in the clamping body 601 in a sliding manner, the clamping return spring 603 is sleeved on the clamping slider 602, two ends of the clamping return spring are respectively abutted against the clamping slider 602 and the clamping body 601, and the other end of the clamping slider 602 can be clamped into the key groove of the reducing driven gear 40 in the power-off state of the reducing electromagnet 50; specifically, when the movable radius of the polishing and grinding assembly 6 needs to be adjusted, the reducing electromagnet 50 is in a power-off state, the clamping slide block 602 keeps a stretching trend under the action of the clamping return spring 603, until the key groove of the reducing driven gear 40 is opposite to the clamping slide block 602, the other end of the clamping slide block 602 can be clamped into the key groove of the reducing driven gear 40, so that the reducing driven gear 40 is connected with the reducing central shaft 7, and the movable radii of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 are adjusted under the driving of the reducing driving motor 4; after the adjustment of the movable radius of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 is completed, the reducing electromagnet 50 is electrified, the reducing electromagnet 50 magnetically adsorbs the two clamping slide blocks 602, the clamping slide blocks 602 are retracted and compress the clamping return springs 603, so that the clamping slide blocks 602 are separated from the key grooves of the reducing driven gear 40, the reducing driven gear 40 is disconnected from the reducing center shaft 7, namely, the reducing center shaft 7 cannot rotate along with the reducing driven gear 40, and the movable radius of the four polishing and grinding assemblies 6 is further maintained.

Based on the above embodiment, further, a circular enclosure 321 extends upwards from the outer circumference of the top surface of the tray body 32, as shown in fig. 7, the inner diameter of the enclosure 321 matches with the outer diameter of the dust storage tray 2; specifically, when the dust storage disc is installed, the outer wall of the lower end of the dust storage disc 2 is attached to the inner wall of the enclosure 321, so that the debris and powder sucked into the dust storage chamber 9 can be prevented from overflowing, and the structure is more reliable.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present patent application are included in the protection scope of the present patent application.

Claims

1. The whole machine of the reducing polishing manipulator is characterized by comprising a base (a), a suspension cross arm (c) and a suspension arm (b), wherein the suspension arm (b) is connected with the suspension cross arm in a sliding mode and can move left and right relative to the suspension cross arm;

the polishing disc comprises a motor mounting seat (1), a dust storage disc (2), a sliding groove disc (3), a reducing driving motor (4), a rotary driving motor (5), four polishing and polishing assemblies (6) and a reducing center shaft (7), wherein the dust storage disc (2) is fixed on the bottom surface of the motor mounting seat (1), the reducing driving motor (4) and the rotary driving motor (5) are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the motor mounting seat (1), the sliding groove disc (3) comprises a groove disc connecting pipe (31) and a groove disc body (32), the lower end of the groove disc connecting pipe (31) is connected to the middle of the groove disc body (32), the upper end of the groove disc connecting pipe (31) upwards penetrates through the dust storage disc (2) and is matched with the dust storage disc (2) through a bearing piece (8), the top surface of the groove disc body (32) is attached to the bottom surface of the dust storage disc (2), and a dust storage cavity (9) is formed between the dust storage disc (2), the dust storage disc is characterized in that a vacuum suction nozzle is fixed on the top surface of the dust storage disc (2), the vacuum suction nozzle is communicated with a dust storage chamber (9), a rotary driven gear (10) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a groove disc connecting pipe (31), the output end of a rotary driving motor (5) is connected with a rotary driving gear (20) after passing through a motor mounting seat (1), the rotary driving gear (20) is meshed with the rotary driven gear (10), a reducing driving gear (30) is connected after the output end of a reducing driving motor (4) passes through the motor mounting seat (1), a circular ring portion (71) and a central blind hole (72) are arranged at the upper end of a reducing central shaft (7), a reducing driven gear (40) is movably sleeved on the circular ring portion (71), the reducing driven gear (40) is meshed with the reducing driving gear (30), and a reducing electromagnet (50) is fixed on the motor mounting seat (, the reducing electromagnet (50) is positioned between the reducing driving motor (4) and the rotating driving motor (5), the lower end of the reducing electromagnet (50) extends into the central blind hole (72), the circular ring part (71) is provided with two sliding grooves (73) communicated with the central blind hole (72), electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces (60) are respectively arranged in the two sliding grooves (73), and the electromagnetic elastic clamping pieces (60) are used for enabling the reducing central shaft (7) to rotate along with the reducing driven gear (40) in the power-off state of the reducing electromagnet (50);

the lower end of the reducing center shaft (7) penetrates through the groove disc connecting pipe (31) and then extends into the groove disc body (32), the groove disc body (32) is fixedly sleeved with a center gear (70), two upper racks (80) and two lower racks (90) are movably embedded in the groove disc body (32), the two upper racks (80) and the two lower racks (90) are arranged in a cross shape, the two upper racks (80) are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the upper end of the center gear (70), the two lower racks (90) are oppositely arranged and are respectively meshed with the lower end of the center gear (70), one ends of the two upper racks (80) respectively extend downwards to form an L-shaped upper connecting block (801), the two upper connecting blocks (801) are arranged in a staggered mode, one ends of the two lower racks (90) respectively extend downwards to form an L-shaped lower connecting block (901), and the two lower connecting blocks (901) are arranged in a staggered mode, the two polishing and grinding assemblies (6) are fixedly connected to the two upper connecting blocks (801), the other two polishing and grinding assemblies (6) are fixedly connected to the two lower connecting blocks (901), a plurality of dust suction holes (33) are formed in a gap between every two adjacent polishing and grinding assemblies (6) of the groove disc body (32), and the dust suction holes (33) are communicated with the dust storage chamber (9).