CN111604288A - Automatic sorting method and sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination - Google Patents
Automatic sorting method and sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination Download PDFInfo
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- CN111604288A CN111604288A CN202010488116.XA CN202010488116A CN111604288A CN 111604288 A CN111604288 A CN 111604288A CN 202010488116 A CN202010488116 A CN 202010488116A CN 111604288 A CN111604288 A CN 111604288A
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- soil
- belt
- shielding layer
- material distributing
- vertical baffle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/346—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radioactive properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic sorting method and a sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination, and the sorting machine comprises a linear vibrating screen, a belt weighing and feeding machine, a vertical baffle, a radioactive detection device, a shielding layer and a control computer, wherein the linear vibrating screen is positioned right above the front end of the belt weighing and feeding machine, the middle and rear sections of the belt weighing and feeding machine penetrate through the side wall of the shielding layer, the radioactive detection device is positioned in the shielding layer, the radioactive detection device is positioned above the shielding layer, the vertical baffle is positioned right above the belt weighing and feeding machine, the vertical baffle is positioned between the linear vibrating screen and the shielding layer, a material distributing device is arranged right below the tail end of the shielding layer, and a tail end conveying belt is arranged right below the material distributing device; the sorting method provided by the invention adopts full-automatic operation equipment, and the long-term operation of personnel is not needed in an operation field, so that the safety of the operation personnel is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear environment treatment engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic sorting method and a sorting machine for radioactive contaminated soil.
Background
In the treatment activity of large-area radioactive pollution sites, site decontamination is realized by a common surface soil stripping method. Due to the influence of factors such as complex site terrain, uneven pollution distribution and the like, the collected soil often contains a large amount of exemptable soil. To achieve volume reduction and minimization of radioactive waste, it is necessary to subject the collected soil to radioactive sorting.
Aiming at sorting of radioactive contaminated soil, the Chinese atomic energy science research institute invented a sorting process of radioactive contaminated soil (patent publication No. CN 104043600A). in the process, constructors use portable field measuring equipment to collect soil while measuring on the collecting field, and the process is only suitable for sorting of a small amount of contaminated soil and has several defects when used for sorting large-area contaminated soil: firstly, the requirement on the dirt collection precision is high, a large dirt collection machine (such as a shovel) is difficult to meet the requirement, and the sorting effect is not as expected; secondly, manual measurement sorting is adopted, and the sorting speed is low; and thirdly, the requirements on conditions such as personnel protection and site ventilation are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed automatic sorting method and a sorting machine for quickly measuring and sorting radioactive contaminated soil. The method and the sorting machine automatically measure and sort the collected soil, the sorting speed is high, and the measurement parameters can be adjusted to realize higher sorting precision; the operation site does not need to be attended by personnel for a long time, and the safety of the operation personnel is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a sorter to containing radioactive contamination soil, includes linear vibration sieve, belt batcher of weighing, vertical baffle, radioactivity detection device, shielding layer and control computer, linear vibration sieve is located the belt batcher of weighing directly over the front end, the well back end of belt batcher of weighing runs through the lateral wall of shielding layer, radioactivity detection device is located the top of shielding layer, vertical baffle is located the belt batcher of weighing directly over, vertical baffle is located between linear vibration sieve and the shielding layer, be provided with feed divider under the end of shielding layer, be provided with terminal conveyer belt under feed divider.
As a further scheme of the invention: radioactivity detection device includes radioactivity detector and elevating system, the top inner wall fixed connection of support and shielding layer is passed through at elevating system's top, elevating system includes two scissors lifts, positive and negative lead screw, step motor, two scissors lifts are connected with positive and negative lead screw transmission, the one end of positive and negative lead screw is passed through shaft coupling and step motor's axle extension fixed connection the bottom of two scissors lifts and radioactivity detection device's top fixed connection.
As a further scheme of the invention: the radioactivity detector used a 4 "x 16" nai (ti) probe.
As a further scheme of the invention: the material distributing device comprises a support frame, a material distributing hopper with an adjustable angle is installed on the inner wall of the support frame, a servo motor used for driving the material distributing hopper is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the support frame, and the material distributing hopper is of a two-sided pyramid funnel structure.
As a further scheme of the invention: the tail end conveyor belt comprises an overproof soil conveyor belt and an exemptable soil conveyor belt, the overproof soil conveyor belt and the exemptable soil conveyor belt are located on the same horizontal plane, and the running directions of the overproof soil conveyor belt and the exemptable soil conveyor belt are opposite.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the distance between the bottom of the vertical baffle and the top of the belt weighing feeder is adjustable.
An automatic sorting method for soil containing radioactive contamination comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding soil to be sorted collected in a field into a linear vibrating screen to remove large-particle materials to obtain undersize materials, and uniformly and quantitatively conveying the undersize materials to the front end of a belt weighing feeder;
step two: the thickness of a soil layer on the belt weighing feeder is controlled by adjusting the height of the vertical baffle;
step three: continuously conveying the undersize products to the lower part of the radioactive detector by the belt weighing feeder at a set speed;
step four: measuring the average activity of the undersize passing through the radioactivity detector within a set time period;
step five: the control computer compares the measurement result with a preset threshold value to judge whether the measurement result exceeds the standard or not, and sends a corresponding action instruction to the material distributing device according to the judgment result;
step six: the material distributing device acts according to the received action instruction, if the judging result is that the soil exceeds the standard, the soil exceeding the standard is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyer belt, and if the judging result is that the soil can be exempted, the soil can be exempted is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyer belt to be exempted for conveying respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sorting method adopts full-automatic operation equipment, and the operation site does not need long-term personnel attendance, so that the safety of the operation personnel is ensured.
2. The sorting method controls the cooperative operation of the radioactive detector and the distributor through the computer system, the sorting speed is high, and the maximum processing capacity can reach more than 100 t/h.
3. The automatic sorting machine has adjustable operation parameters, and can adjust related measurement parameters and operation parameters according to the conditions of radioactive source items, thereby realizing higher measurement and sorting precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting machine for radioactive contaminated soil.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radioactive detection device in a sorting machine for radioactive contaminated soil.
Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributing device in a sorting machine for radioactive contaminated soil.
Fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 4.
The device comprises a linear vibrating screen 1, a belt weighing feeder 2, a vertical baffle 3, a radioactivity detecting device 4, a radioactivity detector 5, a lifting mechanism 6, a shielding layer 7, a material distributing device 8, a tail end conveyor belt 9, an overproof soil conveyor belt 10, an exemptable soil conveyor belt 11, a double-shear fork lifter 12, a positive and negative screw rod 13, a stepping motor 14, a support frame 15, a material distributing hopper 16 and a servo motor 17.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, an automatic sorting method and a sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination include a linear vibrating screen 1, a belt weighing and feeding machine 2, a vertical baffle 3, a radioactive detection device 4, a shielding layer 7 and a control computer, where the linear vibrating screen 1 is located right above the front end of the belt weighing and feeding machine 2, the middle and rear sections of the belt weighing and feeding machine 2 penetrate through the side wall of the shielding layer 7, the radioactive detection device 4 is located in the shielding layer 7, the radioactive detection device 4 is located above the shielding layer 7, the vertical baffle 3 is located right above the belt weighing and feeding machine 2, the vertical baffle 3 is located between the linear vibrating screen 1 and the shielding layer 7, a material distribution device 8 is arranged right below the tail end of the shielding layer 7, and a tail end conveyor belt 9 is arranged right below the material distribution device 8, where: the linear vibrating screen 1, the belt weighing feeder 2 and the tail end conveyor belt 9 are all universal industrial equipment, and can be matched with the linear vibrating screen 1, the belt weighing feeder 2 and the tail end conveyor belt 9 in corresponding capacity models according to the processing capacity requirement of the sorting machine.
The shielding layer 7 is formed by laying shielding lead bricks, so that the interference of the environment body can be effectively reduced, and the measurement accuracy of the radioactive detector 5 is further improved.
The radioactive detector 5 adopts a 4 '. times.4 '. times.16 ' NaI (Ti) probe, and the width of the belt weighing and feeding machine 2 can be increased and a plurality of radioactive detectors 5 are arranged side by side to form a detector array according to the processing capacity requirement of the sorting machine. Aiming at the soil to be sorted with different thicknesses or different radioactivity types, the stepping motor 14 can be driven to drive the positive and negative screw rods 13 to rotate according to needs, and then the double-shear-fork lifter 12 is driven to lift, so that the height position of the radioactivity detector 5 is adjusted to adapt to different soil layer thicknesses and detection distances, and the measuring effect is guaranteed.
The material distributing device 8 comprises a support frame 15, a material distributing hopper 16 with adjustable angle is installed on the inner wall of the support frame 15, a servo motor 17 used for driving the material distributing hopper 16 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the support frame 15, and the material distributing hopper 16 is of a two-sided pyramid funnel structure.
After the soil to be sorted which passes through the radioactivity detecting device 4 in a certain time period is judged to be over-standard soil or exempt soil by a computer system, the soil is sent into a sorting hopper 16; the computer system drives the servo motor 17 to drive the sub-hopper 16 to be switched to a corresponding position at a proper moment according to the time when the part of soil reaches the outlet of the sub-hopper 16, so that different types of soil are guided to the over-standard soil conveyor belt 10 or the exempt soil conveyor belt 11. The material distributing hopper 16 adopts a double-sided pyramid-shaped funnel structure, the left side and the right side of the material distributing hopper shrink (as shown in fig. 4), and the front side and the rear side of the material distributing hopper do not shrink (as shown in fig. 5, the width of the material distributing hopper is slightly larger than the width of the belt weighing feeder 2), so that the influence on the sorting precision caused by the heavy mixing of the sorted soil on the belt weighing feeder 2 after the soil enters the material distributing hopper 16 can be avoided.
The tail end conveyor belt 9 comprises an overproof soil conveyor belt 10 and an exemptable soil conveyor belt 11, the overproof soil conveyor belt 10 and the exemptable soil conveyor belt 11 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the running directions of the overproof soil conveyor belt 10 and the exemptable soil conveyor belt 11 are opposite.
The distance between the bottom of the vertical baffle 3 and the top of the belt weighing feeder 2 is adjustable, and the soil layer thickness conveyed into the shielding layer 7 by the belt weighing feeder 2 can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the distance between the bottom of the vertical baffle 3 and the top of the belt weighing feeder 2, and the soil layer thickness is uniform and the surface is smooth.
An automatic sorting method for soil containing radioactive contamination comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding soil to be sorted collected in a field into a linear vibrating screen 1 to remove large-particle materials to obtain undersize materials, and uniformly and quantitatively conveying the undersize materials to the front end of a belt weighing feeder 2;
step two: the thickness of the soil layer on the belt weighing feeder 2 is controlled by adjusting the height of the vertical baffle 3;
step three: the belt weighing feeder 2 continuously conveys the undersize products to the lower part of the radioactive detector 5 at a set speed;
step four: the radioactivity detector 5 measures the average radioactivity of the undersize passing through within a set time period;
step five: the control computer compares the measurement result with a preset threshold value to judge whether the measurement result exceeds the standard or not, and sends a corresponding action instruction to the material distributing device 8 according to the judgment result;
step six: the material distributing device 8 acts according to the received action instruction, if the judgment result is that the soil exceeds the standard, the soil exceeding the standard is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyor belt 10, and if the judgment result is that the soil can be exempted, the soil that can be exempted is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyor belt 11 to be respectively conveyed.
In specific use, the linear vibrating screen 1 deletes particles with the particle size of more than 20mm, and the particles with the diameter of less than 20mm enter a sorting process.
The average radioactivity is measured according to the actual soil to be sorted and is manually set according to the actual requirement; such as: the computer integrated control system sets the threshold value of the average radioactivity to be 1000Bq/kg, the average radioactivity of a certain part of soil measured by the radioactivity detector 5 is 1500Bq/kg, and the computer integrated control system controls the distributing hopper 16 to guide the part of soil onto the over-standard soil conveyor belt 10; if the average radioactivity of a certain part of soil measured by the radioactivity detector 5 is 500Bq/kg, the computer integrated control system controls the distributing hopper 16 to guide the part of soil onto the exemptable soil conveying belt 11. The average radioactivity threshold is determined according to site governance requirements.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a sorter to containing radioactive contamination soil, includes linear vibrating screen (1), belt batcher (2), vertical baffle (3), radiation detection device (4), shielding layer (7) and control computer, its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a radial vibration sieve, including rectilinear vibrating screen (1), shielding layer (7), radioactivity detection device (4), shielding layer (7), vertical baffle (3), rectilinear vibrating screen (1) is located directly over the front end of belt batcher (2), the lateral wall of shielding layer (7) is run through to the well back end of belt batcher (2), radioactivity detection device (4) are located shielding layer (7) top, vertical baffle (3) are located the belt batcher (2) directly over, vertical baffle (3) are located between rectilinear vibrating screen (1) and shielding layer (7), be provided with feed divider (8) under the end of shielding layer (7), be provided with terminal conveyer belt (9) under feed divider (8).
2. The separator for the soil containing radioactive pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: radioactivity detection device (4) include radioactivity detector (5) and elevating system (6), the top inner wall fixed connection of support and shielding layer (7) is passed through at the top of elevating system (6), elevating system (6) include two scissors elevator (12), positive and negative lead screw (13), step motor (14), two scissors elevator (12) are connected with positive and negative lead screw (13) transmission, the axle extension fixed connection of shaft coupling and step motor (14) is passed through to the one end of positive and negative lead screw (13) the bottom of two scissors elevator (12) and the top fixed connection of radioactivity detection device (4).
3. The separator for the soil containing radioactive pollutants as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the radioactivity detector (5) employs a 4 "x 16" nai (ti) probe.
4. The separator for the soil containing radioactive pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material distributing device (8) comprises a support frame (15), a material distributing hopper (16) with an adjustable angle is installed on the inner wall of the support frame (15), a servo motor (17) used for driving the material distributing hopper (16) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the support frame (15), and the material distributing hopper (16) is of a two-sided pyramid-shaped hopper structure.
5. The separator for the soil containing radioactive pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tail end conveyor belt (9) comprises an overproof soil conveyor belt (10) and a exemptable soil conveyor belt (11), the overproof soil conveyor belt (10) and the exemptable soil conveyor belt (11) are located on the same horizontal plane, and the running directions of the overproof soil conveyor belt (10) and the exemptable soil conveyor belt (11) are opposite.
6. The separator for the soil containing radioactive pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the bottom of the vertical baffle (3) and the top of the belt weighing feeder (2) is adjustable.
7. An automatic sorting method for soil containing radioactive contamination is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding soil to be sorted collected in a field into a linear vibrating screen (1) to remove large-particle materials to obtain undersize materials, and uniformly and quantitatively conveying the undersize materials to the front end of a belt weighing feeder (2);
step two: the thickness of a soil layer on the belt weighing feeder (2) is controlled by adjusting the height of the vertical baffle (3); step three: the belt weighing feeder (2) continuously conveys the undersize products to the lower part of the radioactive detector (5) at a set speed;
step four: a radioactivity detector (5) measures the average activity of the undersize passing through within a set time period;
step five: the control computer compares the measurement result with a preset threshold value to judge whether the measurement result exceeds the standard or not, and sends a corresponding action instruction to the material distributing device (8) according to the judgment result;
step six: the material distributing device (8) acts according to the received action instruction, if the judging result is that the soil exceeds the standard, the soil exceeding the standard is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyer belt (10), and if the judging result is that the soil can be exempted, the soil can be exempted is guided to the upper part of the soil conveyer belt (11) to be exempted for conveying respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010488116.XA CN111604288A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Automatic sorting method and sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010488116.XA CN111604288A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | Automatic sorting method and sorting machine for soil containing radioactive contamination |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112007877A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-01 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Online detection and sorting system and method for radioactive pollutants |
| CN113731612A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Movable crushing, screening and sorting system |
| CN114130704A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-03-04 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Sorting equipment and vehicle |
| WO2024066747A1 (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2024-04-04 | 清华大学 | Ore sorting device |
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| CN113731612A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Movable crushing, screening and sorting system |
| CN114130704A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-03-04 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Sorting equipment and vehicle |
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| WO2024066747A1 (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2024-04-04 | 清华大学 | Ore sorting device |
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