CN111603911A - Dedusting, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system, method and application - Google Patents
Dedusting, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system, method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111603911A CN111603911A CN202010606910.XA CN202010606910A CN111603911A CN 111603911 A CN111603911 A CN 111603911A CN 202010606910 A CN202010606910 A CN 202010606910A CN 111603911 A CN111603911 A CN 111603911A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/46—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration automatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/48—Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20707—Titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20723—Vanadium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas environmental protection, and discloses a dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system, a method and application thereof.A pattern plate is welded at the upper end of a multifunctional integrated device body, and a filter cartridge is arranged on the pattern plate; the filter cartridge is provided with an outer filter layer, the inner side of the outer filter layer is provided with an outer cage, the inner side of the outer cage is provided with an inner filter layer, and the inner side of the inner filter layer is provided with an inner cage; the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a filter surface, the upper side of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is welded with a fixing lug, and the lower end of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a cylinder bottom. The filter cartridge of the invention adopts an external filter type and multilayer structure. The outer purpose that reaches desulfurization and dust removal, the inlayer reaches the purpose of denitration, realizes getting rid of sulfur dioxide and dust in the flue gas earlier, reduces the poisoning risk of denitration catalyst, can guarantee the life-span of catalyst, guarantees catalyst efficiency. Meanwhile, the multifunctional integrated filter cartridge and the external filter structure are adopted, so that the multifunctional integrated filter cartridge can be integrated, the layout is compact, and the occupied area is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas environmental protection, and particularly relates to a dedusting, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system, method and application.
Background
At present, the ultra-low emission treatment of the flue gas of a coal-fired power plant usually adopts SCR, cloth bag dust removal and desulfurization processes. However, for the biomass boiler, the fuel contains alkaline substances such as K, Na, Ca and the like, so that fly ash formed after combustion enters the SCR system, is adsorbed on the surface of the SCR catalyst or blocks catalyst pore channels, and reacts with active components on the surface of the catalyst to cause catalyst poisoning and inactivation. On the other hand, the fluctuation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide generated by the combustion of the biomass boiler is large, and the fluctuation can be generally 150-600 mg/m3Fluctuation, low denitration efficiency by adopting SNCR, and incapability of meeting the requirement of ultralow emission. Therefore, the removal of nitrogen oxides from biomass boilers has been a difficult problem. The SCR, cloth bag dust removal and desulfurization processes applied to the power plant are not suitable for the boilers, but the processes of desulfurization, dust removal and denitration are adopted firstly, dust containing alkali metal in flue gas is removed through the wrapping of a desulfurizer and the filtering of a dust remover, the rear-end catalyst can be protected from poisoning, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.
For industrial furnaces such as coke ovens, shaft kilns and rotary kilns, the exhaust gas temperature is 120-260 ℃, the structure of the industrial furnaces is different from that of a boiler, and a 300-420 ℃ temperature window suitable for SCR denitration cannot be obtained through boiler modification. The method of raising the temperature of the flue gas requires the high temperature obtained by burning natural gas or coal gasThe problem of improving the smoke by mixing the smoke with the original smoke is high in energy consumption, the amount of the treated smoke is increased by the mixed smoke, the construction investment is increased, and the smoke is unacceptable for general construction parties. The active temperature range of the existing commonly used low-temperature catalyst is 180-260 ℃, and the catalyst is more suitable for the temperature of flue gas of a furnace kiln, but sulfur dioxide in the flue gas at low temperature can be simultaneously added with NH for denitration3Ammonium sulfate is generated by the reaction and attached to the surface of the catalyst to cause the catalyst poisoning. Therefore, the low-temperature catalyst has higher requirement on the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, and the general requirement is more than 50mg/m3. Therefore, for the treatment of flue gas pollutants in industrial furnaces and kilns, the processes of firstly desulfurizing and then denitrifying, namely, the processes of dry desulfurizing, cloth bag dedusting and low-temperature SCR denitrifying, are mostly adopted.
By combining the above conditions, the process of dry desulfurization, bag-type dust removal and denitration is more suitable for biomass boilers and most industrial furnaces. Traditional desulfurization, dust removal, denitration are three independent modules, realize getting rid of the purpose of sulfur dioxide, dust and nitrogen oxide respectively, and the process is long, area is big, and initial investment is high, to some enterprises that the place is nervous, budget is limited, can not implement.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: traditional desulfurization, dust removal, denitration are three independent modules, realize getting rid of the purpose of sulfur dioxide, dust and nitrogen oxide respectively, and the process is long, area is big, and initial investment is high, to some enterprises that the place is nervous, budget is limited, can not implement.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
the traditional coal-fired power plant adopts denitration and desulfurization. However, in the biomass power plant, due to the particularity of the fuel, dust in the flue gas contains a large amount of alkali metals, the denitration catalyst is poisoned and failed by adopting the SCR process, and the SNCR process cannot meet the standard requirement. In view of the treatment efficiency, the SCR process must be used, so that it is necessary to remove the dust in the flue gas, which causes the catalyst poisoning. The reaction activity range of the SCR catalyst is 300-420 ℃, the temperature resistance of a common filter bag of a coal-fired power plant is not more than 160 ℃, if a conventional filter bag is adopted, denitration can be realized only by heating flue gas after dust removal, so that the energy consumption is high, and the operation burden of an owner is increased. Therefore, a filter bag which is resistant to temperature, acid and alkali corrosion and abrasion is needed, and dust removal and denitration can be realized at the high-temperature section of the boiler.
The traditional flue gas treatment process has the advantages that the desulfurization, the denitration and the dust removal are independent from each other and are built in batches. The coordination among the systems is poor, the occupied area is large, and the operation and the maintenance are time-consuming and labor-consuming. In recent years, environmental protection requirements of industrial furnaces are not fully considered in early planning of the furnaces, and devices are treated at the present stage, are often limited in site arrangement and need to be dismantled and rebuilt, so that the modification cost is increased.
In the past, three devices of desulfurization, denitration and dust removal are respectively built, and only from the view of a reaction device, a desulfurization tower, a denitration reactor and a dust remover are required to be respectively built, so that a large amount of repeated construction causes waste.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
the invention solves the problem of flue gas denitration of the biomass power plant. The stable operation of the SCR process in the biomass power plant can be ensured.
The invention can realize desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal by using a temperature section of 180-280 ℃ for a process furnace without a proper temperature window, does not need to greatly increase the temperature of flue gas, and reduces the operation energy consumption.
The invention considers the three sections of desulfurization, denitration and dust removal together, thus greatly reducing the occupied area, and improving the feasibility of the transformation, and the occupied area of the whole device is equivalent to that of the traditional dust remover.
The invention uniformly considers three sections of desulfurization, denitration and dust removal, reduces the number of core reaction devices from three to one, reduces equipment, communication flues and the like, and reduces the investment of environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system, a dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method and application. The dust removal, desulfurization and denitration integrated device achieves the purposes of firstly desulfurizing, dedusting and then denitrating by adopting a filter cylinder with a special structure inside. The whole device is equivalent to the dust remover in floor area, compact in structure, temperature resistant, and strong in acid and alkali corrosion resistance. The outer surface of the filter cylinder realizes the functions of desulfurization and dust removal, the inner cylinder realizes the function of denitration, and the flue gas passes through the filter cylinder from outside to inside, so that the removal of sulfur dioxide, dust and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas can be realized, the denitration catalyst is protected from poisoning, and the aim of ultralow emission is realized.
The invention is realized in such a way that the outer surface of a filter cylinder of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method realizes desulfurization and dust removal functions, the inner cylinder realizes denitrification functions, and the flue gas passes through the filter cylinder from outside to inside to remove sulfur dioxide, dust and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.
Further, the original flue gas is sprayed with a desulfurizer and a denitrifier into the flue before entering the multifunctional integrated reactor, the desulfurizer is sprayed into the flue gas in the form of powder, the particle size of the powder is more than 300 meshes, the powder and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas are subjected to acid-base neutralization reaction to generate products such as sodium sulfate, sodium sulfite and the like, and the products and dust contained in the original flue gas are intercepted on the surface of the outer layer filter cylinder together to realize the removal of the sulfur dioxide and the dust.
Further, the flue gas temperature of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method is 140-250 ℃, and sodium bicarbonate is decomposed to generate sodium carbonate Na2CO3、H2O and CO2；
Newly produced sodium carbonate Na2CO3The porous structure is formed at the moment of generation, has high reactivity, and can spontaneously react with acidic pollutants in the smoke gas to perform the following reactions:
Na2CO3+SO3＝Na2SO4+CO2
Na2CO3+2HCl＝2NaCl+H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+2HF＝2NaF+H2O+CO2。
furthermore, the filter cylinder of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitration multifunctional integrated control method is made of 316L stainless steel metal materials, 316L stainless steel wires and wire meshes are used as raw materials, a fiber bundle drawing process, a filter material air-laying process and a vacuum sintering process are adopted to form a felt, and the felt is assembled and welded with 304 stainless steel accessories.
Further, the inner cylinder of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitration multifunctional integrated control method takes stainless steel fibers as a base material, a filter cylinder mold is manufactured in advance, and the surface of the metal fibers is attached with active ingredient TiO of the denitration catalyst by adopting an impregnation process2、V2O5A substance; then calcining and drying to obtain the denitration filter cylinder inner core; the denitration agent participates in the reaction in the form of gaseous ammonia, and the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia gas undergo a chemical reaction under the action of a catalyst:
the filtering wind speed is less than or equal to 1m/min, and the reaction temperature is 180-420 ℃.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system for implementing the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method, wherein the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system is provided with:
a multifunctional integrated device body;
a pattern plate is welded at the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device body, and a filter cartridge is mounted on the pattern plate;
the filter cartridge is provided with an outer filter layer, the inner side of the outer filter layer is provided with an outer cage, the inner side of the outer cage is provided with an inner filter layer, and the inner side of the inner filter layer is provided with an inner cage;
the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a filter surface, the upper side of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is welded with a fixing lug, and the lower end of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a cylinder bottom.
Further, an air inlet chamber is arranged at the left end of the multifunctional integrated device body.
Further, the air inlet chamber is provided with a gas containing SO2Dust, NOXFlue gas pipeline and NaHCO3Pipeline and NH3A pipeline.
Further, an ash hopper is welded at the lower end of the multifunctional integrated device body, and a gas purifying chamber is arranged at the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device body;
the air purifying chamber is provided with a blowing system, and the blowing system is connected with a compressed air source;
the fixing lugs are hung on the pattern plate, and bolt holes are reserved in the fixing lugs.
The invention also aims to provide a method for treating the ultralow emission of the flue gas of the coal-fired power plant, which uses the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
first, the filter cartridge of the present invention is of an external filter type, multi-layer structure. The outer purpose that reaches desulfurization and dust removal, the inlayer reaches the purpose of denitration, realizes getting rid of sulfur dioxide and dust in the flue gas earlier, reduces the poisoning risk of denitration catalyst, can guarantee the life-span of catalyst, guarantees catalyst efficiency. The combination mode of the inner layer of the filter cylinder and the denitration catalyst can resist the scouring of compressed air during the back flushing and ash removal of the filter cylinder, and can be firmly attached to the substrate. Meanwhile, the material of the filter cylinder can resist acid and alkali corrosion. Aiming at low-temperature denitration, the invention adopts the steps of firstly desulfurizing and then denitrating, avoids the phenomena of catalyst blockage and poisoning caused by ammonium sulfate generation, and is suitable for low-temperature desulfurization and denitration.
The filter cylinder of the invention is made of 316L stainless steel, and has good acid resistance, alkali resistance and corrosion resistance. For the traditional PTFE filter bag, the temperature can be up to 240 ℃, while the multifunctional integrated filter cartridge can resist 420 ℃, and the applicable working conditions are wider. The filter cylinder is high in air permeability and low in running resistance, dust is removed by 500Pa and denitration is performed by 1000Pa independently, the running resistance of the whole system is less than or equal to 2000Pa, and compared with the traditional split arrangement of the running resistance, 2000Pa can be saved, and the energy consumption of a draught fan of the system is saved. The invention integrates the original desulfurizing tower, dust remover and denitration reactor into a multifunctional integrated reactor, and the desulfurizing, dust removing and denitration can be completed in the reactor. The multifunctional integrated filter cartridge is adopted, the external filter structure is adopted, the multifunctional integrated filter cartridge can be integrated, the layout is compact, and the occupied area is small. Meanwhile, the invention can realize that the SO2 at the outlet is less than or equal to 35mg/m3Dust is less than or equal to 10mg/m3，NOx≤50mg/m3And the requirement of ultra-low emission is met.
Secondly, the invention is provided with an air inlet chamber for conveying flue gas.
Thirdly, the air inlet chamber is provided with the mixed SO2Dust, NOX、NaHCO3And NH3The flue gas duct of (2).
Fourthly, the dust hopper is arranged for containing the blown dust; be provided with the air-purifying chamber through multi-functional integrated device body upper end, collect clean gas to outside the multi-functional integrated control system of gas outgoing dust removal SOx/NOx control.
Fifthly, the air purifying chamber is provided with a blowing system, the blowing system is connected with a compressed air source, and after dust on the surface of the filter cartridge accumulates to a certain thickness, the blowing system is used for back blowing and ash removal. The compressed air is blown off from the inside to the outside in a reverse direction to blow off the dust attached to the surface of the filter cylinder.
Sixthly, the fixing lugs are hung on the pattern plate, and bolt holes are reserved in the fixing lugs, so that the filter cylinder is fixed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional integrated control system for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter cartridge provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an external elevational view of a filter cartridge provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reaction principle of the catalyst provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a multifunctional integrated device 1-1, an air inlet chamber; 1-2, an air purifying chamber; 1-3, an ash bucket; 1-4, a blowing system; 1-5, pattern plate; 1-6, filter cartridge; 2. a filter cartridge; 2-1 of an outer filtering layer; 2-2, outer cage bones; 2-3, an inner filtering layer; 2-4, inner caging bone; 3. a cartridge facade; 3-1, fixing the lug; 3-2, filtering surface; 3-3, cylinder bottom.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional integrated control system, method and application for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional integrated control system 1 for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises: 1-1 parts of air inlet chamber, 1-2 parts of air purifying chamber, 1-3 parts of ash bucket, 1-4 parts of blowing system, 1-5 parts of pattern plate and 1-6 parts of filter cartridge.
The left end of the multifunctional integrated device 1 is provided with an air inlet chamber 1-1, the lower end of the multifunctional integrated device 1 is welded with an ash hopper 1-3, and the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device 1 is provided with an air purifying chamber 1-2; the air purifying chamber 1-2 is provided with a blowing system 1-4, and the blowing system 1-4 is connected with a compressed air source; the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device 1 is welded with a pattern plate 1-5, and the pattern plate 1-5 is provided with a filter cartridge 1-6.
Wherein the air inlet chamber 1-1 is provided with a gas containing SO2Dust and NOXFlue gas pipeline and NaHCO3And NH3The injection line of (1).
The flue gas enters from the gas inlet chamber 1-1 and is filtered by the filter cartridge 1-6, the dust is trapped on the surface, the clean gas passes through the filter cartridge 1-6 and enters the inner cylinder of the filter cartridge, and the clean gas is discharged out of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system 1 after being converged in the gas purification chamber 1-2. The filter cartridge 1-6 is fixed on the flower plate 1-5, and the flower plate 1-5 plays a role in supporting the filter cartridge 1-6 and isolating the air inlet chamber 1-1 and the air purifying chamber 1-2. However, after the dust on the surfaces of the filter cartridges 1-6 is accumulated to a certain thickness, the blowing system 1-4 is needed to perform blowback ash removal. The compressed air blows off the dust attached to the surface of the filter cartridge 1-6 by blowing from inside to outside in a reverse direction. The blown dust is willing to settle in the ash buckets 1-3 due to gravity, and is discharged after reaching a certain height.
As shown in fig. 2, the filter cartridge provided by the embodiment of the present invention is divided into an inner and outer 2-layer structure, including: 2-1 parts of outer filter layer, 2-2 parts of outer cage bone, 2-3 parts of inner filter layer and 2-4 parts of inner cage bone. The inner side of the outer filter layer 2-1 is provided with an outer cage 2-2, the inner side of the outer cage 2-2 is provided with an inner filter layer 2-3, and the inner side of the inner filter layer 2-3 is provided with an inner cage 2-4.
The outer filtering layer 2-1 mainly filters smoke and dust to realize the aims of desulfurization and dust removal. The inner cage frame 2-4 is a supporting structure of the outer filtering layer 2-1, and protects the outer layer of the outer filtering layer 2-1 from being circular in filtering, so that the damage of the filtering layer caused by large deformation is avoided. The inner filter layer 2-3 is a filter layer containing a catalyst and mainly achieves the aim of denitration, and the surface of the metal fiber is loaded with a denitration active substance to achieve removal of nitrogen oxides in flue gas. The inner cage ribs 2-4 are used for supporting the inner filtering layer 2-3, so that the catalyst is prevented from falling off due to overlarge deformation of the inner filtering layer 2-3 in the ash removal and blowing process, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the catalyst are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a filter cartridge facade 3 of the filter cartridge provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: 3-1 parts of fixing lugs, 3-2 parts of filtering surfaces and 3-3 parts of cylinder bottoms. The filter cartridge vertical face 3 is provided with a filtering face 3-2, the upper side of the filter cartridge vertical face 3 is welded with a fixing lug 3-1, and the lower end of the filter cartridge vertical face 3 is provided with a cartridge bottom 3-3.
The filter cylinder is hung on the pattern plate 1-5 by utilizing the fixing lug 3-1, and the fixing lug 3-1 is provided with a bolt hole and fixed by penetrating through a stud reserved on the pattern plate 1-5. The cylinder bottom 3-3 is a fixed structure of a filter layer and does not play a role in filtering. The filtering surface 3-2 between the fixing lug 3-1 and the cylinder bottom 3-3 plays a main filtering role.
The technical scheme of the invention is further detailed by combining specific embodiments.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the flue gas enters from the gas inlet chamber 1-1 and is filtered by the filter cartridge 1-6, the dust is trapped on the surface, the clean gas passes through the filter cartridge 1-6 and enters the inner cylinder of the filter cartridge, and the clean gas is discharged out of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system 1 after being converged in the gas purification chamber 1-2. The filter cartridge 1-6 is fixed on the flower plate 1-5, and the flower plate 1-5 plays a role in supporting the filter cartridge 1-6 and isolating the air inlet chamber 1-1 and the air purifying chamber 1-2. However, after the dust on the surfaces of the filter cartridges 1-6 is accumulated to a certain thickness, the blowing system 1-4 is needed to perform blowback ash removal. The compressed air blows off the dust attached to the surface of the filter cartridge 1-6 by blowing from inside to outside in a reverse direction. The blown dust is willing to settle in the ash buckets 1-3 due to gravity, and is discharged after reaching a certain height.
The multifunctional integrated reactor is internally provided with the filter cylinder which is of a multilayer structure and an external filtering type, the flue gas to be treated firstly passes through the external filter cylinder, the dust and sulfur dioxide contained in the flue gas are isolated on the outer surface of the filter cylinder, the flue gas entering the inner cylinder is low-dust low-sulfur flue gas containing nitrogen oxides, and the removal of the nitrogen oxides is realized in the inner cylinder.
Before the original flue gas enters the multifunctional integrated reactor, a desulfurizer (baking soda) and a denitrifier (ammonia water/urea) are sprayed into the flue gas, the desulfurizer is sprayed into the flue gas in a powder form, the particle size of the powder is more than 300 meshes, and the powder and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas are subjected to acid-base neutralization reaction to generate products such as sodium sulfate, sodium sulfite and the like. The products and dust contained in the original smoke are trapped on the surface of the outer filter cylinder together, so that the removal of sulfur dioxide and dust is realized.
The flue gas temperature is between 140 and 250 ℃, and sodium bicarbonate is decomposed to generate sodium carbonate Na2CO3、H2O andCO2。
newly produced sodium carbonate Na2CO3The porous structure is formed at the moment of generation, has high reactivity, and can spontaneously react with acidic pollutants in the smoke gas to perform the following reactions:
Na2CO3+，SO3＝Na2SO4+CO2
Na2CO3+2HCl＝2NaCl+H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+2HF＝2NaF+H2O+CO2
the outer layer filter cylinder is made of 316L stainless steel metal materials, 316L stainless steel wires and wire meshes are used as raw materials, a fiber bundling drawing process, a filter material air-laying process and a vacuum sintering process are adopted to form a felt, and the felt is assembled and welded with 304 stainless steel accessories. The micron-sized stainless steel fibers have uniform diameter and excellent performance. The core filtering principle is based on the surface layer filtering principle, the stainless steel fiber filter felt is a porous material with a three-dimensional labyrinth gradient pore diameter structure, the surface of the filter felt is flat and smooth, and the filter felt has the performance characteristics of high porosity, high filtering precision, high filtering efficiency, excellent temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, can effectively prevent fine dust from invading the deep layer of the filter material, realizes surface layer filtering, and achieves ideal filtering and dust removing effects. The filter felt filtering precision layer rich in micropores is used as a dust facing surface and is in a pore diameter gradient change relation with a gas purifying surface, and finally the surface layer of dust is filtered by the filter felt, so that the trapping capacity of a filter material on fine dust is effectively improved, and meanwhile, lower running resistance is kept. The surface layer filter cylinder consists of a stainless steel fiber felt, a protective net, a bag cage and connecting accessories, has ideal temperature resistance, pressure resistance, airflow blowing and brushing resistance, mechanical property and shape stability, and can fully ensure the on-line service life. In conjunction with the operationThe time is prolonged, the dust trapped on the surface layer is increased, the system resistance is increased, the ash removal operation is needed at the moment, compressed air is adopted for back blowing ash removal, the back blowing pressure is 0.35-0.45 Mpa, and the back blowing air quantity is 15L/m2The filtration area.
The internal filter cylinder takes stainless steel fiber as a base material, a filter cylinder mold is manufactured in advance, and the surface of the metal fiber is attached with active ingredient TiO of the denitration catalyst by adopting an impregnation process2、V2O5And the like. Then the denitration filter cylinder inner core is formed after calcination and drying. Because the stainless steel metal net is adopted as the matrix, the material has good acid and alkali corrosion resistance. Under the filtering wind speed less than or equal to 1m/min, the surface active substance can be well fixed on the surface of the base material, and the abrasion performance is better. The denitration agent takes part in the reaction in the form of gaseous ammonia, and the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia gas are subjected to chemical reaction under the action of the catalyst to generate nitrogen gas, so that denitration is realized.
The designed filtering wind speed is less than or equal to 1m/min, and the reaction temperature is 180-420 ℃, SO that the outlet SO can be realized2≤35mg/m3Dust is less than or equal to 10mg/m3，NOx≤50mg/m3And the system resistance is less than or equal to 2000 Pa.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The multifunctional integrated control method for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification is characterized in that the outer surface of a filter cylinder of the multifunctional integrated control method for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification realizes desulfurization and dust removal functions, an inner cylinder realizes denitrification functions, and flue gas passes through the filter cylinder from outside to inside to remove sulfur dioxide, dust and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.
2. The multifunctional integrated control method for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a desulfurizing agent and a denitrifying agent are sprayed into the flue before the raw flue gas enters the multifunctional integrated reactor, the desulfurizing agent is sprayed into the flue gas in the form of powder, the particle size of the powder is above 300 meshes, the powder and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas are subjected to acid-base neutralization reaction to generate products such as sodium sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the products and dust contained in the raw flue gas are retained on the surface of the outer filter cylinder together to remove the sulfur dioxide and the dust.
3. The multifunctional integrated control method for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas temperature of the multifunctional integrated control method for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification is 140-250 ℃, and sodium bicarbonate is heated and decomposed to generate sodium carbonate Na2CO3, H2O and CO 2;
the newly produced sodium carbonate Na2CO3 forms a porous structure at the moment of generation, has high reactivity and can spontaneously react with acidic pollutants in the smoke to perform the following reactions:
Na2CO3+SO3＝Na2SO4+CO2
Na2CO3+2HCl＝2NaCl+H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+2HF＝2NaF+H2O+CO2。
4. the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a filter cylinder of the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method is made of 316L stainless steel metal, takes 316L stainless steel wires and wire meshes as raw materials, is felted by a fiber bundle drawing process, a filter material air-laying process and a vacuum sintering process, and is assembled and welded with 304 stainless steel fittings.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder of the integrated control method is made of stainless steel fibers as a base material, a filter cylinder mold is made in advance, and active ingredients of TiO2 and V2O5 of the denitration catalyst are attached to the surface of the metal fibers by an impregnation process; then calcining and drying to obtain the denitration filter cylinder inner core; the denitration agent participates in the reaction in the form of gaseous ammonia, and the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and ammonia gas undergo a chemical reaction under the action of a catalyst:
the filtering wind speed is less than or equal to 1m/min, and the reaction temperature is 180-420 ℃.
6. A dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system for implementing the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system is provided with:
a multifunctional integrated device body;
a pattern plate is welded at the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device body, and a filter cartridge is mounted on the pattern plate;
the filter cartridge is provided with an outer filter layer, the inner side of the outer filter layer is provided with an outer cage, the inner side of the outer cage is provided with an inner filter layer, and the inner side of the inner filter layer is provided with an inner cage;
the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a filter surface, the upper side of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is welded with a fixing lug, and the lower end of the vertical face of the filter cylinder is provided with a cylinder bottom.
7. The dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system as claimed in claim 6, wherein an air inlet chamber is arranged on one side of the bottom of the box body of the multifunctional integrated device.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the air inlet chamber is mixed with SO2Dust, NOx、NaHCO3And NH3The flue gas duct of (2).
9. The dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system as claimed in claim 6, wherein an ash hopper is welded to the lower end of the multifunctional integrated device body, and a gas purification chamber is arranged at the upper end of the multifunctional integrated device body;
the air purifying chamber is provided with a blowing system, and the blowing system is connected with a compressed air source;
the fixing lugs are hung on the pattern plate, and bolt holes are reserved in the fixing lugs.
10. A method for ultralow emission control of flue gas of a biomass power plant is characterized in that the method for ultralow emission control of flue gas of a biomass power plant uses the dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification multifunctional integrated control system of claim 6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113209727A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏泽宇环境工程有限公司 | Gravity type pulse dust removal denitration integrated device |
| CN114470973A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-13 | 河南核净洁净技术有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant metal pipe filter element and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114618297A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-14 | 深圳市凯盛科技工程有限公司 | Manufacturing method, device and system of flue gas treatment device |
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