CN111600128A - Novel decoupling surface coating - Google Patents
Novel decoupling surface coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN111600128A CN111600128A CN202010460218.0A CN202010460218A CN111600128A CN 111600128 A CN111600128 A CN 111600128A CN 202010460218 A CN202010460218 A CN 202010460218A CN 111600128 A CN111600128 A CN 111600128A
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- Prior art keywords
- surface coating
- decoupling surface
- antenna system
- antenna
- medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel decoupling surface coating which is formed by sequentially overlapping a plurality of layers of uniform media to form a specific electromagnetic wave refractive index and is arranged above a multi-antenna system. By selecting the dielectric constants of different media of the decoupling surface coating, adjusting the thickness of each layer of medium and the height of the coating and the antenna system, the coupling among the units of the multi-antenna system containing the decoupling surface coating is reduced, the isolation is improved, the gain of the multi-antenna system is improved, the bandwidth is improved, and the radiation efficiency is increased. The invention utilizes the propagation process of electromagnetic waves in a gradient multilayer medium to be a process for gradually changing the propagation direction. Multiple small-angle refractions occur in the medium with the gradient refractive index, and the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves can be controlled by setting the specific medium refractive index. By placing such a surface covering over the antenna elements in a multiple antenna system, coupling between the element antennas may be reduced and antenna gain may be increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a decoupling surface coating for reducing antenna coupling and improving antenna unit gain in wireless equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication systems, radio frequency spectrum resources are increasingly in short supply, and how to provide higher-quality and faster communication services becomes a research hotspot in fifth-generation mobile communication systems (5G). In this context, a long-standing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication technology has been proposed as a key technology in 5G systems.
A Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique refers to using a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end simultaneously, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas of the transmitting end and the receiving end. Therefore, the mimo technology can realize high-speed and large-capacity data transmission without additionally increasing communication frequency band and transmission power, and significantly improve system data throughput and channel capacity. In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, antennas play a crucial role because their characteristics are inherently included in the communication channel between the transmitter and the receiver.
MIMO technology is based on antenna arrays, with increasing demand for channel capacity, massive MIMO technology will become the core of 5G systems, and compact dense arrays will facilitate this process. However, in either a 5G base station or a mobile terminal, due to space constraints, as the number of antennas increases, the spacing between the antenna elements is relatively small, resulting in strong mutual coupling between the elements. The greater the number of antenna elements in a particular space, the stronger the coupling between the elements, which results in:
(1) an increase in spatial correlation;
(2) a decrease in radiation efficiency;
(3) a decrease in cell gain;
(4) degradation of signal-to-noise ratio;
(5) a reduction in channel capacity.
In summary, in a limited space, how to effectively reduce the coupling between antenna units in the MIMO system, improve the isolation between the units, and ensure the radiation performance of the original antenna has become a hot point of research in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the theory of equivalent media, two media are alternately wrapped, and assuming that the two media are isotropic uniform media, if the thickness of each layer of media is far smaller than the wavelength of an incident wave, the media of the whole structure is equivalent to an anisotropic non-uniform medium.
The invention aims to: according to the equivalent medium theory, a novel decoupling surface coating is provided, and the surface coating is arranged above the antenna units in the multi-antenna system, so that the coupling between the unit antennas can be reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a novel decoupling surface coating is formed by sequentially overlapping multiple layers of uniform media, forms a specific electromagnetic wave refractive index and is arranged above a multi-antenna system.
Preferably, the dielectric constants of different media of the decoupling surface coating are selected, the thickness of each layer of the media is adjusted, and the heights of the coating and the antenna system are adjusted, so that the coupling between units of the multi-antenna system containing the decoupling surface coating is reduced, and the isolation is improved.
Preferably, the selection of the dielectric constants of the different dielectrics of the decoupling surface coating, the thickness of each dielectric layer and the adjustment of the heights of the coating and the antenna system are adopted, so that the gain of the multi-antenna system containing the decoupling surface coating is improved, the bandwidth is improved, and the radiation efficiency is increased.
Preferably, the decoupling surface coating is selected from two or more homogeneous dielectrics.
Preferably, the decoupling surface coating layer is made of a medium, each layer of the medium is made of the same or different thickness, and the mediums are alternately covered with each other to form a specific refractive index for controlling the electromagnetic wave direction.
Preferably, the number of the dielectric layers selected by the decoupling surface coating layers is two or more, and the dielectric layers are overlapped according to the requirement of an actual system.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention utilizes two homogeneous mediums to alternate with each other, but the thickness of each layer is different, and the refraction angle when the electromagnetic wave passes through the interface surface of the mediums is determined by the ratio of the refractive indexes of the two mediums. In this case, the propagation process of the electromagnetic wave in the graded multi-layer medium is a process of gradually changing the propagation direction. Multiple small-angle refractions occur in the medium with the gradient refractive index, and the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves can be controlled by setting the specific medium refractive index. By placing such a surface covering over the antenna elements in a multiple antenna system, coupling between the element antennas may be reduced and antenna gain may be increased.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the construction of the decoupling surface coating of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a decoupling surface coating structure diagram of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna system with coupling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of loading the decoupling surface coating of example 1 on a dual antenna system;
fig. 5 is a diagram of parameters S11 and S12 of a linear array MIMO antenna composed of two antenna units;
fig. 6 is a diagram of parameters S11 and S12 of a linear MIMO antenna composed of two antenna elements loaded with decoupling surface cladding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The details are as follows:
example 1
The novel decoupling surface coating of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, is formed by stacking a plurality of uniform media, each of which has a specific refractive index, and the refraction angle when the electromagnetic wave passes through the interface of the media is determined by the ratio of the refractive indexes of the two media. In this case, if the dielectric layers adopt a purposely designed refractive index distribution, the propagation process of the electromagnetic wave in the graded-layer dielectric is a process of gradually changing the propagation direction.
The core of the invention lies in the realization of a multi-layer medium, wherein two kinds of uniform media can be adopted for alternate covering, but the thickness of each layer is different.
Example 2
The novel decoupling surface coating of the embodiment can adopt various uniform media as shown in fig. 2, the dielectric constants of the uniform media are gradually changed and are alternately superposed, the thicknesses of the uniform media are kept consistent, and the refractive index of the electromagnetic wave direction transmission is controlled. Of course, the layers may also be of different thicknesses, designed as desired.
An important application of the decoupling surface coating of the present invention is antenna decoupling, as shown in fig. 3, two antennas 1 and 2 are two close monopoles, and when no measure is adopted between them, there is strong coupling between them, the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the antenna 1 can be directly received by the antenna 2, and a layer of decoupling surface coating is covered right above the antenna, the electromagnetic wave of the antenna will be propagated according to the set direction, a large part of the electromagnetic wave originally coupled to the antenna 2 by the antenna 1 is changed in propagation direction, and propagated outwards, and does not affect the antenna 2, and similarly, the electromagnetic wave coupled to the antenna 1 by the antenna 2 is also changed in direction, and the coupling between the antennas 1 and 2 is greatly reduced.
Fig. 4 is a linear MIMO antenna system with two antenna elements loaded with decoupling surface coatings of embodiment 1. 1 and 2 are two linear polarization antenna units with close distance, a decoupling surface coating is loaded above the two antennas, and the dielectric constant and the thickness of each layer of medium in the decoupling coating and the number of superposed layers of the whole medium layer and the height between the coating and an antenna system are adjusted, so that:
(1) the coupling coefficient between the elements of the antenna system loaded with decoupling surface coatings is close to 0, S21 is less than-15 dB;
(2) the gain of each antenna element of the antenna system carrying the decoupling surface coating is improved over the gain of each antenna element of the antenna system not carrying the radome.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of parameters S11 and S12 of a linear array MIMO antenna composed of two antenna units; fig. 6 is a diagram of parameters S11 and S12 of a linear MIMO antenna composed of two antenna elements loaded with decoupling surface cladding. A comparison of fig. 5 and 6 shows that the above-described effect is achieved.
The method for improving the coupling performance is not only limited to two antenna unit linear arrays, but also is applicable to three or more multi-antenna systems.
The method for improving the coupling performance can be well applied to the MIMO communication system. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A novel decoupling surface coating is characterized by being formed by sequentially overlapping multiple layers of uniform media to form a specific electromagnetic wave refractive index and being installed above a multi-antenna system.
2. The novel decoupling surface coating of claim 1,
by selecting the dielectric constants of different media of the decoupling surface coating, the thickness of each layer of medium and adjusting the heights of the coating and the antenna system, the coupling between the units of the multi-antenna system containing the decoupling surface coating is reduced, and the isolation is improved.
3. The novel decoupling surface coating of claim 1,
by selecting the dielectric constants of different mediums of the decoupling surface coating layer, adjusting the thickness of each layer of medium and the heights of the coating layer and the antenna system, the gain of the multi-antenna system with the decoupling surface coating layer is improved, the bandwidth is improved, and the radiation efficiency is increased.
4. The novel decoupling surface coating of claim 1,
the decoupling surface coating layer is made of two or more uniform media.
5. The novel decoupling surface coating of claim 1,
the thicknesses of each layer of the medium selected by the decoupling surface coating layer can be the same or different, and the layers of the medium are mutually and alternately covered to form a specific refractive index for controlling the direction of the electromagnetic wave.
6. The novel decoupling surface coating of claim 1,
the number of the dielectric stacking layers selected by the decoupling surface coating layers is two or more, and the dielectric stacking layers are stacked according to the requirement of an actual system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010460218.0A CN111600128A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Novel decoupling surface coating |
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| CN202010460218.0A CN111600128A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Novel decoupling surface coating |
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| CN111600128A true CN111600128A (en) | 2020-08-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112467378A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 山西大学 | Dual-band MIMO antenna based on decoupling surface of array antenna |
| CN113471699A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 湖南大学 | Decoupling method and device based on coupling mode conversion |
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| CN1768448A (en) * | 2003-02-01 | 2006-05-03 | 秦内蒂克有限公司 | Phased array antenna and inter-element mutual coupling control method |
| WO2016183129A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Systems and methods incorporating spatially-variant anisotropic metamaterials for electromagnetic compatibility |
| WO2016185124A1 (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-11-24 | Tdf | Surface wave antenna system |
| CN107706528A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system |
| CN107706529A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of decoupling assembly, multiaerial system and terminal |
| CN110534901A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-03 | 长安大学 | Double unit microstrip antennas of a kind of high-isolation high-gain and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-05-27 CN CN202010460218.0A patent/CN111600128A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1768448A (en) * | 2003-02-01 | 2006-05-03 | 秦内蒂克有限公司 | Phased array antenna and inter-element mutual coupling control method |
| WO2016183129A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Systems and methods incorporating spatially-variant anisotropic metamaterials for electromagnetic compatibility |
| WO2016185124A1 (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-11-24 | Tdf | Surface wave antenna system |
| CN107706528A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system |
| CN107706529A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of decoupling assembly, multiaerial system and terminal |
| CN110534901A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-03 | 长安大学 | Double unit microstrip antennas of a kind of high-isolation high-gain and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112467378A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 山西大学 | Dual-band MIMO antenna based on decoupling surface of array antenna |
| CN113471699A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 湖南大学 | Decoupling method and device based on coupling mode conversion |
| CN113471699B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-03-28 | 湖南大学 | Decoupling method and device based on coupling mode conversion |
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Application publication date: 20200828 |