CN111599555A - Manufacturing method of flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for extra-high voltage direct current GIL - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for extra-high voltage direct current GIL Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111599555A
CN111599555A CN202010465492.7A CN202010465492A CN111599555A CN 111599555 A CN111599555 A CN 111599555A CN 202010465492 A CN202010465492 A CN 202010465492A CN 111599555 A CN111599555 A CN 111599555A
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Prior art keywords
insulator
coating
basin
epoxy resin
silicon carbide
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CN202010465492.7A
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Inventor
李进
王雨帆
杜伯学
陈允
梁虎成
姚航
冉昭玉
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/42Casting under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/0009After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor using liquids, e.g. solvents, swelling agents
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H01B19/04Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2063/00Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3412Insulators

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for an extra-high voltage direct current GIL, which comprises the following steps of 1) preparing an epoxy resin basin-type insulator; 2) preparing electrostatic spraying coating; 3) the electrostatic spraying construction process comprises the following steps: 4) and (5) curing the coating. According to the invention, the epoxy resin/silicon carbide coating is sprayed on the surface of the epoxy resin basin-type insulator by using an electrostatic spraying method, so that the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high and the coating is uniform; by controlling the electrostatic spraying position and the concentration of silicon carbide in the coating, gradient distribution of conductivity is formed on the surface of the epoxy resin, a surface dielectric function gradient material is constructed, the condition of overhigh local electric field under direct current voltage is inhibited, and the electrical resistance performance of the insulator is improved. The invention provides an innovative manufacturing process for realizing the surface functional gradient insulator, and has important significance for prolonging the service life of the basin-type insulator in the GIL and improving the operation stability of the GIL and the safety and reliability of a power system.

Description

Manufacturing method of flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for extra-high voltage direct current GIL
Technical Field
The invention belongs to preparation of insulation modification of high-voltage equipment, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for extra-high voltage direct current GIL.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of large-capacity and long-distance power supply, in recent years, the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission technology is gradually favored by the power industry. Gas insulated pipeline power transmission (GIL) is widely used in power transmission technology by virtue of the advantages of large transmission capacity and low loss. The epoxy resin basin insulator is used as a key component of an insulating support, and the safe and stable operation of a power transmission system is concerned. In the actual operation process of the GIL, the epoxy resin basin-type insulator often has a surface flashover fault, so that the voltage resistance is reduced, and the stable operation of a power system is greatly threatened. The reduction of the insulating property of the epoxy resin basin-type insulator is related to the uneven distribution of the electric field on the surface of the insulator. The electric field intensity born locally is greater than the whole electric field intensity, even can reach several times of the average electric field intensity, the distortion of the local electric field is serious, and the occurrence of flashover accidents is induced, so that the system has insulation faults.
In order to improve the electric field distribution condition of the basin-type insulator and reduce the occurrence of flashover accidents, the invention provides a method for constructing a flexible surface functional layer by referring to the concept of functional gradient materials in the field of materials science. The flexible surface functional layer is a coating with gradient distribution of dielectric parameters (dielectric constant/conductivity) generated on the surface of the insulator, so that the surface electric field of the insulator is regulated, the electric field distortion is effectively controlled, and the pressure resistance strength of the surface is finally improved. Among the construction methods of the surface functional gradient layer, the electrostatic spraying method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high efficiency and uniform coating. The process method is innovatively applied, and the epoxy resin/silicon carbide mixed coating is sprayed on the surface of the basin-type insulator and is subjected to heating, fixing and forming treatment to construct the insulating structure with gradient conductivity distribution. The direct current field distribution is regulated and controlled through the special electrical parameter characteristics of the target construction material, the electric field uniformity on the surface of the insulator is improved, and the electric resistance performance of the direct current GIL basin-type insulator is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for an extra-high voltage direct current GIL, which comprises the steps of spraying an epoxy resin/silicon carbide mixed coating on the surface of the basin-type insulator by an electrostatic spraying process, constructing a flexible functional gradient layer on the surface of the insulator by controlling the electrostatic spraying position and the concentration of silicon carbide in the coating, and enhancing the bonding performance of the coating by heating and fixing treatment to regulate and control the electric field distribution condition on the surface of the basin-type insulator under a direct current electric field, improve the surface flashover voltage of the basin-type insulator in the GIL and improve the electric resistance of the insulator.
The method comprises the following specific processes:
1) preparing an epoxy resin basin-type insulator:
(1) mixing epoxy resin, a curing agent and alumina according to the weight ratio of 100 parts to 35-40 parts to 300-350 parts to obtain an epoxy resin mixed material, then dispersing for 0.5-1h by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing;
(2) vacuum defoaming for 1-2h under the vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa;
(3) pouring the obtained epoxy resin mixed material into a basin-type insulator mold with the inner wall coated with a release agent after preheating treatment (not less than 1h at 130 ℃), carrying out primary curing for 7-8h at 130-140 ℃, and then demolding; then carrying out secondary curing in an oven at 140 ℃ for 7-8h, and cooling to obtain the epoxy resin basin-type insulator;
2) preparing electrostatic spraying coating:
(1) sequentially adding micron silicon carbide and a curing agent into epoxy resin under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed solution, and then dispersing for 40-50min by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 25-35% of that of the epoxy resin, and the mass of the micron silicon carbide is 10-40% of that of the mixed solution;
(2) placing the mixed solution in a vacuum box, carrying out vacuum defoaming treatment for 40-50min, and removing bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain the electrostatic spraying coating;
3) the electrostatic spraying construction process comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the gradient distribution of the surface of the insulator, the surface is divided into 4 closely connected rings from the center to the outside, so that the conductivity of the rings is reduced in sequence;
(2) placing the insulator in electrostatic spraying equipment, wherein a nozzle is aligned with the surface of the insulator;
(3) connecting a power supply of the electrode needle at the position of the spray gun port to electrify the electrode needle;
(4) opening the electrostatic spraying switch to ensure that the coating is directionally sprayed on the surface of the insulator from the nozzle of the spray gun;
(5) controlling the position of a spray gun port and the concentration of silicon carbide in the coating, and spraying the coating with different silicon carbide concentrations on different positions on the surface of the insulator to form a conductivity gradient layer; and the spraying time at different positions is 50 s;
4) curing the coating:
(1) curing the sprayed insulator in an oven at 70-80 ℃ for 4-5h to finish primary curing;
(2) and (3) carrying out secondary curing on the primary cured insulator at the temperature of 130-140 ℃, wherein the curing time is 4-5h, and cooling to obtain the flexible functional gradient basin-type insulator.
In the step 2), the grain diameter of the micron silicon carbide in the step (1) is 10-30 μm.
And in the step 3), the distance between the electrostatic spray gun port and the insulator workpiece in the step 2 is 10 cm.
And in the step 3), the voltage connected with the electrode needle of the electrostatic spray gun in the step 3 is-1 kV.
In the step 3), the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step 5) is 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% in sequence.
And in the step 3), the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step 5) is 40%, 35%, 30% and 25% in sequence.
In the step 3), the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step 5) is 25%, 20%, 15% and 10% in sequence.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the epoxy resin/silicon carbide coating is sprayed on the surface of the epoxy resin basin-type insulator by using an electrostatic spraying method, so that the operation is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high and the coating is uniform; by controlling the electrostatic spraying position and the concentration of silicon carbide in the coating, gradient distribution of conductivity is formed on the surface of the epoxy resin, a surface dielectric function gradient material is constructed, the condition of overhigh local electric field under direct current voltage is inhibited, and the electrical resistance performance of the insulator is improved. The invention provides an innovative manufacturing process for realizing the surface functional gradient insulator, and has important significance for prolonging the service life of the basin-type insulator in the GIL and improving the operation stability of the GIL and the safety and reliability of a power system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for electrostatic coating construction of a flexible functionally graded layer;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of gradient distribution of conductivity on the surface of a strip-shaped insulator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings. The examples are intended to better enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
The insulator matrix is a basin-type insulator cast by bisphenol A epoxy resin, a curing agent and alumina filler. The paint used for electrostatic spraying is epoxy resin/silicon carbide mixed paint. Wherein the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin of glycidyl ether; the curing agent is polyamide resin HY-651; micron silicon carbide is available from Henxin silicon carbide micro powder, Inc.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for an extra-high voltage direct current GIL, which comprises the following steps:
example 1
1) Sequentially adding micron silicon carbide and a curing agent into epoxy resin, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then dispersing for 1h by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing; placing the mixed solution in a vacuum box, carrying out vacuum defoaming treatment for 40min, and removing bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain the electrostatic spraying coating; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 30 percent of that of the epoxy resin, and the mass of the micron silicon carbide is 10 to 40 percent of that of the mixed solution;
2) placing the insulator in electrostatic spraying equipment, wherein a nozzle is aligned with the surface of the insulator; connecting a power supply of the electrode needle at the position of the spray gun port to electrify the electrode needle; opening the electrostatic spraying switch to ensure that the coating is directionally sprayed on the surface of the insulator from the nozzle of the spray gun; dividing the surface into 4 rings which are closely connected from the center to the outside according to the gradient distribution of the surface of the insulator, and spraying silicon carbide coatings with different concentrations at different positions on the surface of the insulator, wherein the spraying time is 50 s;
3) curing the sprayed insulator in an oven at 80 ℃ for 4h to finish primary curing; and (3) carrying out secondary curing on the insulator subjected to primary curing at the temperature of 130 ℃, wherein the curing time is 4h, and cooling to obtain the flexible functional gradient basin-type insulator.
The concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator is 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% in sequence.
Example 2
1) Sequentially adding micron silicon carbide and a curing agent into epoxy resin, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then dispersing for 1h by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing; placing the mixed solution in a vacuum box, carrying out vacuum defoaming treatment for 40min, and removing bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain the electrostatic spraying coating; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 25 percent of that of the epoxy resin, and the mass of the micron silicon carbide is 10 to 40 percent of that of the mixed solution;
2) placing the insulator in electrostatic spraying equipment, wherein a nozzle is aligned with the surface of the insulator; connecting a power supply of the electrode needle at the position of the spray gun port to electrify the electrode needle; opening the electrostatic spraying switch to ensure that the coating is directionally sprayed on the surface of the insulator from the nozzle of the spray gun; dividing the surface into 4 connected rings from the center to the outside according to the gradient distribution of the surface of the insulator, and spraying coatings with different silicon carbide concentrations on different positions of the surface of the insulator, wherein the spraying time is 50 s;
3) curing the sprayed insulator in an oven at 70 ℃ for 4h to finish primary curing; and (3) carrying out secondary curing on the primary cured insulator at the temperature of 135 ℃, wherein the curing time is 4h, and cooling to obtain the flexible functional gradient basin-type insulator.
The concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator is 40%, 35%, 30% and 25% in sequence.
Example 3
1) Sequentially adding micron silicon carbide and a curing agent into epoxy resin, stirring to obtain a mixed solution, then dispersing for 1h by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing; placing the mixed solution in a vacuum box, carrying out vacuum defoaming treatment for 40min, and removing bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain the electrostatic spraying coating; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 35 percent of that of the epoxy resin, and the mass of the micron silicon carbide is 10 to 40 percent of that of the mixed solution;
2) placing the insulator in electrostatic spraying equipment, wherein a nozzle is aligned with the surface of the insulator; connecting a power supply of the electrode needle at the position of the spray gun port to electrify the electrode needle; opening the electrostatic spraying switch to ensure that the coating is directionally sprayed on the surface of the insulator from the nozzle of the spray gun; dividing the surface into 4 connected rings from the center to the outside according to the gradient distribution of the surface of the insulator, and spraying coatings with different silicon carbide concentrations on different positions of the surface of the insulator, wherein the spraying time is 50 s;
3) curing the sprayed insulator in an oven at 75 ℃ for 4h to finish primary curing; and (3) carrying out secondary curing on the insulator subjected to primary curing at the temperature of 140 ℃, wherein the curing time is 4h, and cooling to obtain the flexible functional gradient basin-type insulator.
The concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator is 25%, 20%, 15% and 10% in sequence.
The description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative, rather than restrictive, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The manufacturing method of the flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for the extra-high voltage direct current GIL comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an epoxy resin basin-type insulator:
(1) mixing epoxy resin, a curing agent and alumina according to the weight ratio of 100 parts to 35-40 parts to 300-350 parts to obtain an epoxy resin mixed material; then ultrasonic dispersion is adopted for 0.5-1h, and the mixture is uniformly mixed;
(2) vacuum defoaming for 1-2h under the vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa;
(3) pouring the obtained epoxy resin mixed material into a basin-type insulator mold with the inner wall coated with a release agent after preheating treatment (not less than 1h at 130 ℃), carrying out primary curing for 7-8h at 130-140 ℃, and then demolding; then carrying out secondary curing in an oven at 140 ℃ for 7-8h, and cooling to obtain the epoxy resin basin-type insulator;
2) preparing electrostatic spraying coating:
(1) sequentially adding micron silicon carbide and a curing agent into epoxy resin under the stirring condition to obtain a mixed solution, and then dispersing for 40-50min by adopting ultrasonic waves, and uniformly mixing; wherein the mass of the curing agent is 25-35% of that of the epoxy resin, and the mass of the micron silicon carbide is 10-40% of that of the mixed solution;
(2) placing the mixed solution in a vacuum box, carrying out vacuum defoaming treatment for 40-50min, and removing bubbles in the mixed solution to obtain the electrostatic spraying coating;
3) the electrostatic spraying construction process comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the gradient distribution of the surface of the insulator, the surface is divided into 4 closely connected rings from the center to the outside, so that the conductivity of the rings is reduced in sequence;
(2) placing the insulator in electrostatic spraying equipment, wherein a nozzle is aligned with the surface of the insulator;
(3) connecting a power supply of the electrode needle at the position of the spray gun port to electrify the electrode needle;
(4) opening the electrostatic spraying switch to ensure that the coating is directionally sprayed on the surface of the insulator from the nozzle of the spray gun;
(5) controlling the position of a spray gun port and the concentration of silicon carbide in the coating, and spraying the coating with different silicon carbide concentrations on different positions on the surface of the insulator to form a conductivity gradient layer; and the spraying time at different positions is 50 s;
4) curing the coating:
(1) curing the sprayed insulator in an oven at 70-80 ℃ for 4-5h to finish primary curing;
(2) and (3) carrying out secondary curing on the primary cured insulator at the temperature of 130-140 ℃, wherein the curing time is 4-5h, and cooling to obtain the flexible functional gradient basin-type insulator.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the micron silicon carbide in the step 2) of the step (1) is 10-30 μm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the distance between the electrostatic spray gun mouth and the insulator workpiece in the step (2) is 10 cm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage applied to the electrode needle of the electrostatic spray gun in step (3) in step 3) is-1 kV.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step (5) in the step 3) is 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% in this order.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step (5) in the step 3) is 40%, 35%, 30%, 25% in this order.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the silicon carbide in the coating electrostatically sprayed from the center to the outside along the surface of the insulator in the step (5) in the step 3) is 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% in this order.
CN202010465492.7A 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Manufacturing method of flexible surface functional gradient basin-type insulator for extra-high voltage direct current GIL Withdrawn CN111599555A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113345659A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-09-03 天津大学 Basin-type insulator surface charge prevention and control method based on flexible coating
CN113793739A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-14 合肥工业大学 Preparation method of surface conductivity gradient coating for direct-current GIL epoxy resin insulator
CN114709034A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-07-05 天津大学 GIS/GIL (gas insulated switchgear/gas insulated switchgear) surface electric field regulation and self-diagnosis method based on functional gradient coating
CN116003859A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-04-25 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Composite basin-type insulator and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113345659A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-09-03 天津大学 Basin-type insulator surface charge prevention and control method based on flexible coating
CN113793739A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-14 合肥工业大学 Preparation method of surface conductivity gradient coating for direct-current GIL epoxy resin insulator
CN114709034A (en) * 2022-03-14 2022-07-05 天津大学 GIS/GIL (gas insulated switchgear/gas insulated switchgear) surface electric field regulation and self-diagnosis method based on functional gradient coating
CN116003859A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-04-25 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Composite basin-type insulator and preparation method and application thereof

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