CN111597736A - Construction quality detection method for assembled concrete beam column joint - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及混凝土施工质量检测技术领域，尤其是一种装配式混凝土梁柱节点施工质量检测方法，其步骤为：将至少8个加速传感器均布于预制梁两端端部至1/4区域内，通过力锤敲击法敲击预制梁除1/2点和1/4点外任一点，通过动态测试分析仪采集任一加速传感器的加速度信号和力锤的力脉冲信号，采集得到二阶测试频率f2测，分析得到二阶振型φ2(x)。建立有限元分析模型，计算出梁的二阶计算频率f2计。判断ε1＜f2测/f2计＜ε2，若是，则说明施工质量合格，否则执行下一步，判断点的二阶振型曲率δ(x)是否沿预制梁长度方向单调下降，若是，则说明施工质量不合格，否则执行下一步，判断
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete construction quality detection, in particular to a construction quality detection method for prefabricated concrete beam-column joints. , tap any point of the prefabricated beam except for 1/2 point and 1/4 point by the hammer percussion method, collect the acceleration signal of any acceleration sensor and the force pulse signal of the hammer by the dynamic test analyzer, and obtain the second-order The test frequency f 2 is measured , and the second-order mode shape φ 2 (x) is obtained by analysis. A finite element analysis model is established, and the second-order calculation frequency f2 of the beam is calculated . Judgment ε 1 < f 2 measurement / f 2 meter < ε 2 , if yes, it means the construction quality is qualified, otherwise go to the next step, judge whether the second-order mode shape curvature δ(x) of the point decreases monotonically along the length direction of the prefabricated beam, if so , it means that the construction quality is unqualified, otherwise go to the next step, judge
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及混凝土施工质量检测技术领域，具体领域为一种装配式混凝 土梁柱节点施工质量检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of concrete construction quality detection, in particular to a construction quality detection method of prefabricated concrete beam-column joints.
背景技术Background technique
预制装配式结构是采用工厂化生产结构构件，现场安装、连接，装配式 混凝土结构与现浇混凝土结构从形式上最明显区别是，构件分割预制造成的 拼缝处混凝土不连续和钢筋截断，节点的连接质量对钢筋混凝土构件和结构 的受力影响极为关键。The prefabricated structure adopts the factory production of structural components, on-site installation and connection. The most obvious difference between the prefabricated concrete structure and the cast-in-place concrete structure is that the concrete is discontinuous and the steel bar is cut off at the joints made by the prefabricated components. The quality of the connection is extremely critical to the stress of reinforced concrete components and structures.
我国对装配整体式结构的要求是：达到与现浇结构同等性能。目前常用 的方法是套筒灌浆法浆锚法，这两种连接方法在实验室进行的受力试验中， 都表现出了良好的性能，所以连接节点施工质量的控制和检测成为装配式建 筑质量安全的关键环节。工程中针对这两种连接方式均无简便准确的施工质 量检测方法。The requirement of our country for the assembled integral structure is to achieve the same performance as the cast-in-place structure. At present, the commonly used method is the sleeve grouting method and the grouting anchor method. These two connection methods have shown good performance in the force test conducted in the laboratory, so the control and detection of the construction quality of the connection joints has become the quality of the prefabricated building. key to safety. There is no simple and accurate construction quality detection method for these two connection methods in the project.
目前已有的检测手段有以下几种：The current detection methods are as follows:
(1)预埋钢筋拔出法(1) Pull-out method of embedded steel bars
在套筒上预留小孔，将钢筋预先放置在套筒的小孔中，待灌浆料达到一 定强度后，拔出钢筋，根据拔出力判断灌浆的密实度。Reserve small holes on the sleeve, and place the steel bars in the small holes of the sleeve in advance. After the grouting material reaches a certain strength, pull out the steel bars, and judge the density of the grouting according to the pull-out force.
(2)超声波检测法(2) Ultrasonic detection method
超声波检测的基本原理是：在结构的一个表面利用发射器激发超声波， 超声波经过混凝土传播到另一端的接收器，接收系统记录超声波在混凝土结 构传播中的变化波动特性。当混凝土结构内部存在空洞或者不密实区域，超 声波会出现反射、折射、散射等，导致超声波的传播方向和路径发生变化， 利用首波的声时、频率和波形畸变的特征，确定混凝土结构的内部质量情况。The basic principle of ultrasonic testing is: use a transmitter to excite ultrasonic waves on one surface of the structure, and the ultrasonic waves propagate through the concrete to the receiver at the other end. When there is a cavity or a non-compact area inside the concrete structure, the ultrasonic wave will reflect, refract, scatter, etc., which will cause the propagation direction and path of the ultrasonic wave to change. The characteristics of the acoustic time, frequency and waveform distortion of the first wave are used to determine the interior of the concrete structure. quality situation.
(3)冲击回波法(3) Shock echo method
冲击回波法是利用击振器在被测构件的混凝土表面击打，产生的纵波被 感应器接收，得到频谱曲线，通过被测混凝土和缺陷处阻抗的差异，对频谱 图中的振幅、相位等参数进行分析，得出混凝土缺陷情况，该种方法曾被列 为最具有发展前途的现场检测方法之一，解决了超声波法两面布设传感器的 不足。The shock echo method is to use the shock device to hit the concrete surface of the component under test, and the generated longitudinal waves are received by the inductor to obtain the spectrum curve. and other parameters to analyze the concrete defects, this method has been listed as one of the most promising on-site detection methods, which solves the shortcomings of the ultrasonic method of arranging sensors on both sides.
(4)超声层析成像(超声CT)法(4) Ultrasound tomography (ultrasound CT) method
超声CT的理论基础是医学CT成像技术，即通过被测物体外部检测到的 超声波数据重建物体内部(横截面)信息。超声CT采用换能器阵列技术，阵列 中每个传感器依次发射和接收超声波信号，采集并记录每条超声波的声学参 数，通过合成孔径聚焦技术建立混凝土内部的3D影像和2D断面影像[20]。The theoretical basis of ultrasound CT is medical CT imaging technology, that is, reconstruction of the internal (cross-section) information of the object through the ultrasonic data detected outside the measured object. Ultrasonic CT adopts transducer array technology. Each sensor in the array transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in turn, collects and records the acoustic parameters of each ultrasonic wave, and establishes 3D images and 2D cross-sectional images of the interior of concrete through synthetic aperture focusing technology [20] .
(5)X射线工业CT技术(5) X-ray industrial CT technology
X射线工业CT技术基本原理是依据辐射在物体中的衰减规律同物质的性 质有关，利用具有一定能量的X射线在被检测物体中的分布情况及衰减规律， 就有可能由探测器获得物体内部的详细信息，最后用计算机信息处理和图像 重建技术，以图像形式显示出来。研究结果显示，X射线工业CT技术能够反 映套筒内部灌浆饱满度的真实情况。The basic principle of X-ray industrial CT technology is that the attenuation law of radiation in the object is related to the properties of the material. Using the distribution and attenuation law of X-rays with a certain energy in the detected object, it is possible to obtain the interior of the object by the detector. The detailed information is finally displayed in the form of images using computer information processing and image reconstruction techniques. The research results show that the X-ray industrial CT technology can reflect the real situation of the grouting plumpness inside the sleeve.
(6)阻尼振动传感器技术(6) Damping vibration sensor technology
阻尼振动法的原理是阻尼振动传感器在特定激励信号的驱动下，会产生 一定频率的振动，当振动体一定、激励后初始振动的幅度和频率一定，则振 动体周围的介质的弹性模量越大，振幅衰减越快，因此，根据振动周期和振 幅的变化可判断振动器周围介质的情况，从而判断套筒内灌浆是否饱满。当 传感器周围的介质为空气、流动的砂浆、凝固后的砂浆，振幅的衰减将会急 剧增加。灌浆前将阻尼振动传感器预埋在套筒出浆口，灌浆完成后，可以在 灌浆料初凝前进行测试，通过读取传感器振动幅度的衰减情况判断传感器周围的介质，以确定套筒内灌浆料是否达到出浆口，达到套筒灌浆施工过程质 量控制的目的；在灌浆料固化后进行检测，可以达到套筒灌浆施工质量检测的 目的。The principle of the damped vibration method is that the damped vibration sensor will generate vibration of a certain frequency under the drive of a specific excitation signal. When the vibration body is constant and the amplitude and frequency of the initial vibration after excitation are constant, the elastic modulus of the medium around the vibration body will increase. The larger the amplitude, the faster the amplitude attenuation. Therefore, the condition of the medium around the vibrator can be judged according to the change of the vibration period and the amplitude, so as to judge whether the grouting in the sleeve is full. When the medium around the sensor is air, flowing mortar, or solidified mortar, the attenuation of the amplitude will increase sharply. Before grouting, the damping vibration sensor is embedded in the grouting outlet of the sleeve. After the grouting is completed, the test can be carried out before the initial setting of the grouting material, and the medium around the sensor can be judged by reading the attenuation of the vibration amplitude of the sensor to determine the grouting in the sleeve. Whether the material reaches the grouting outlet, to achieve the purpose of quality control of the sleeve grouting construction process; testing after the grouting material is solidified, can achieve the purpose of sleeve grouting construction quality inspection.
但是现有检测技术存在以下问题：However, the existing detection technology has the following problems:
1)操作程序复杂，工程现场实施困难1) The operation procedures are complex, and the implementation of the project site is difficult
例如：超声层析成像(超声CT)法需要将灌浆套筒取出，放在超声层析 成像仪中，无法完成对现场施工连接节点施工质量的检测；X射线工业CT技 术仪器设备较为庞大，目前仅局限于在实验室屏蔽条件下进行检测。For example, the ultrasonic tomography (ultrasound CT) method needs to take out the grouting sleeve and put it in the ultrasonic tomograph, which cannot complete the inspection of the construction quality of the construction connection nodes on site; the X-ray industrial CT technology equipment is relatively large, and currently Testing is limited to laboratory shielded conditions.
2)只能局部检测，不能反映结构整体性能2) It can only be detected locally and cannot reflect the overall performance of the structure
例如：超声波法无法应用于多排套筒连接构件的检测。实际工程中多采 用多排套筒连接，因此超声波法无法实施；冲击回波法因套筒中不同介质的 界面多，其检测结果存在一定误差。For example, the ultrasonic method cannot be applied to the detection of multi-row sleeve connection components. In practical projects, multiple rows of sleeves are often used for connection, so the ultrasonic method cannot be implemented; the impact echo method has many interfaces of different media in the sleeve, and the detection results have certain errors.
3)检测设备需要预埋，前期预埋质量严重影响检测结果3) Testing equipment needs to be pre-buried, and the quality of pre-embedding in the early stage will seriously affect the test results
例如：预埋钢筋拔出法和阻尼振动传感器技术，都需要事先在浇筑混凝 土的时候预埋设备，预埋钢筋拔出法是将钢筋预埋在灌浆套筒中，阻尼振动 传感器技术是需要先把阻尼振动传感器预埋在套筒出浆口，预埋质量的优劣 直接影响检测结果，并且如果预埋质量不达标，则无法重新检测For example, the pre-embedded steel bar pull-out method and the damping vibration sensor technology both need to pre-embed the equipment before pouring the concrete. The damping vibration sensor is embedded in the slurry outlet of the sleeve. The quality of the embedded quality directly affects the test results, and if the embedded quality does not meet the standard, it cannot be re-tested.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种装配式混凝土梁柱节点施工质量检测方法， 以解决现有技术中操作程序复杂、检测设备的前期预埋质量严重影响检测结 果、不能反映结构整体性能的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction quality detection method for prefabricated concrete beam-column joints, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the operation procedures are complicated, the pre-embedded quality of the detection equipment seriously affects the detection results, and the overall performance of the structure cannot be reflected.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种装配式混凝土梁柱节 点施工质量检测方法，其步骤为：For achieving the above object, the invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for detecting the construction quality of prefabricated concrete beam-column joints, the steps of which are:
(1)将至少8个加速传感器均布于预制梁两端端部至1/4区域内；(1) Distribute at least 8 acceleration sensors evenly between the ends of both ends of the prefabricated beam to 1/4 of the area;
(2)通过力锤敲击法敲击预制梁除1/2点和1/4点外任一点；(2) Knock any point of the prefabricated beam except 1/2 point and 1/4 point by the hammer percussion method;
(3)通过动态测试分析仪采集任一加速传感器的加速度信号和力锤的力 脉冲信号，采集得到二阶测试频率f2测，分析得到二阶振型φ2(x)。建立有限元 分析模型，计算出梁的二阶计算频率f2计。其中，x表示预制梁任一点；(3) The acceleration signal of any acceleration sensor and the force pulse signal of the force hammer are collected by the dynamic test analyzer, the second-order test frequency f 2 is collected, and the second-order vibration shape φ 2 (x) is obtained by analysis. A finite element analysis model is established, and the second-order calculation frequency f2 of the beam is calculated . Among them, x represents any point of the prefabricated beam;
(4)判断ε1＜f2测/f2计＜ε2，若是，则说明施工质量合格，否则执行步骤 (5)，其中，表示f2计预制梁按照固端连接时按照有限元计算得到的二阶频 率，ε1表示第一阈值，ε2表示第二阈值；(4) Judging that ε 1 <f 2 measurement /f 2 meter <ε 2 , if yes, it means that the construction quality is qualified, otherwise, go to step (5), which means that f 2 is calculated according to the finite element method when the prefabricated beam is connected according to the fixed end The obtained second-order frequency, ε 1 represents the first threshold, and ε 2 represents the second threshold;
(5)判断点的二阶振型曲率δ(x)是否沿预制梁长度方向单调下降，若是， 则说明施工质量不合格，否则执行步骤(6)；(5) Whether the second-order mode shape curvature δ(x) of the judgment point decreases monotonically along the length direction of the prefabricated beam, if so, it means that the construction quality is unqualified, otherwise, step (6) is performed;
(6)判断
优选的，通过有限单元法计算得到n个单元节点中任一单元节点的二阶 振型曲率，其中，
优选的，根据步骤(5)，判断任一单位节点的振型曲率大于后一单位节 点的振型曲率，若是，则点的二阶振型曲率沿预制梁长度方向单调下降。Preferably, according to step (5), it is judged that the mode shape curvature of any unit node is greater than the mode shape curvature of the next unit node, and if so, the second-order mode shape curvature of the point decreases monotonically along the length direction of the prefabricated beam.
优选的，根据步骤(6)，预制梁端部的二阶振型曲率为第1个单位节点 的二阶振型曲率，预制梁1/4处点的二阶振型曲率为第
优选的，一个单位节点长度为梁长度的1/16。Preferably, the length of one unit node is 1/16 of the length of the beam.
优选的，步骤(4)中，第一阈值为0.9，第二阈值为1.1。Preferably, in step (4), the first threshold is 0.9, and the second threshold is 1.1.
优选的，步骤(6)中，第三阈值为0.65。Preferably, in step (6), the third threshold is 0.65.
优选的，预制梁按照固端连接时的频率其计算方式为通过有限元法得到， 其计算方程为：Preferably, the calculation method of the prefabricated beam according to the frequency when the fixed end is connected is obtained by the finite element method, and the calculation equation is:
M为协调质量矩阵，K是总刚度矩阵。M和K都是n阶实对称矩阵，而且 M是正定的。M is the coordination mass matrix and K is the total stiffness matrix. Both M and K are real symmetric matrices of order n, and M is positive definite.
设式(1)具有指数形式的解：Let equation (1) have an exponential solution:
q(t)＝estφ (2)q(t)= est φ (2)
将(2)式代入(1)得：Substitute (2) into (1) to get:
Kφ＝λMφ (3)Kφ=λMφ (3)
其中λ＝-s2 where λ=-s 2
式(3)即为系统的频率方程。该方程对应n个不同的根λr(r＝1,2,…,n) 即圆频率，每个圆频率对应一个特征向量(即振型)φr。可表示为：Equation (3) is the frequency equation of the system. This equation corresponds to n different roots λ r (r=1,2,...,n), ie circular frequencies, each of which corresponds to an eigenvector (ie mode shape) φ r . can be expressed as:
Kφr-λrMφr＝0 (4)Kφ r -λ r Mφ r =0 (4)
把两端固定的梁的边界条件带入(4)即可计算出圆频率λr和振型φr The circular frequency λ r and the mode shape φ r can be calculated by taking the boundary conditions of the beam fixed at both ends into (4).
。.
fr＝λr/2π (5)f r =λ r /2π (5)
取r＝2，则对应的为第二阶频率f2计和振型φ2(x)。Taking r=2, the corresponding second order frequency f 2 meter and mode shape φ 2 (x).
优选的，根据步骤(1)，从预制梁每端的端部朝向预制梁中部的1/4区 域内均匀设置至少4个加速传感器，预制梁的两端总共至少8个加速传感器 均通过数据线连接至动态测试分析仪的信号接收端。Preferably, according to step (1), at least 4 acceleration sensors are evenly arranged in the 1/4 area from the end of each end of the prefabricated beam toward the middle of the prefabricated beam, and at least 8 acceleration sensors in total at both ends of the prefabricated beam are connected through data lines. to the signal receiving end of the dynamic test analyzer.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：采用结构的频率和振型曲率检 测装配式混凝土结构节点连接的施工质量；Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: adopting the frequency and mode curvature of the structure to detect the construction quality of the node connection of the prefabricated concrete structure;
采用该方法对装配式混凝土结构梁柱节点施工质量进行检测，可以非常 简便的得到梁柱节点的施工质量是否等同现浇，如果不等同现浇，还能够根 据动力计算结果和采集到的频率、振型曲率进行比较，进而确定连接质量不 合格的节点位置，而且能够对现有结构不产生损伤。Using this method to test the construction quality of beam-column joints of prefabricated concrete structures, it is very easy to obtain whether the construction quality of beam-column joints is equivalent to cast-in-place, and if not equivalent to cast-in-place, it can also be based on dynamic calculation results and collected frequencies, The mode shape curvature is compared to determine the position of the nodes with unqualified connection quality without causing damage to the existing structure.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为节点完全等同现浇的装配式框架模型示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated frame model whose nodes are completely equivalent to cast-in-place;
图2为本发明的一阶振型图；Fig. 2 is the first-order mode shape diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明的二阶振型图；Fig. 3 is the second-order mode shape diagram of the present invention;
图4为本发明的二阶振型曲率图；4 is a second-order mode shape curvature diagram of the present invention;
图5为实施例中的检测设备连接图；Fig. 5 is the connection diagram of detection equipment in the embodiment;
图6为实施例的流程图。FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而 不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图6所示，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种装配式混凝土梁柱节点施 工质量检测方法，其步骤为：As shown in Figure 6, the present invention provides a kind of technical scheme: a kind of prefabricated concrete beam-column joint construction quality detection method, and its steps are:
(2)通过力锤敲击法敲击预制梁除1/2点和1/4点外任一点；(2) Knock any point of the prefabricated beam except 1/2 point and 1/4 point by the hammer percussion method;
(3)通过动态测试分析仪采集任一加速传感器的加速度信号和力锤的力 脉冲信号，采集得到二阶测试频率f2测，分析得到二阶振型φ2(x)。建立有限元 分析模型，计算出梁的二阶计算频率f2计。其中，x表示预制梁任一点；(3) The acceleration signal of any acceleration sensor and the force pulse signal of the force hammer are collected by the dynamic test analyzer, the second-order test frequency f 2 is collected, and the second-order vibration shape φ 2 (x) is obtained by analysis. A finite element analysis model is established, and the second-order calculation frequency f2 of the beam is calculated . Among them, x represents any point of the prefabricated beam;
(4)判断ε1＜f2测/f2计＜ε2，若是，则说明施工质量合格，否则执行步骤 (5)，其中，表示f2计预制梁按照固端连接时按照有限元计算得到的二阶频 率，ε1表示第一阈值，取值为0.9；ε2表示第二阈值，取值为1.1；(4) Judging that ε 1 <f 2 measurement /f 2 meter <ε 2 , if yes, it means that the construction quality is qualified, otherwise, go to step (5), which means that f 2 is calculated according to the finite element method when the prefabricated beam is connected according to the fixed end The obtained second-order frequency, ε 1 represents the first threshold, and takes the value of 0.9; ε 2 represents the second threshold, and takes the value of 1.1;
(5)判断点的二阶振型曲率δ(x)是否沿预制梁长度方向单调下降，若是， 则说明施工质量不合格，否则执行步骤(6)；(5) Whether the second-order mode shape curvature δ(x) of the judgment point decreases monotonically along the length direction of the prefabricated beam, if so, it means that the construction quality is unqualified, otherwise, step (6) is performed;
(6)判断
通过有限单元法计算得到n个单元节点中任一单元节点的二阶振型曲率， 其中，
根据步骤(6)，预制梁端部的二阶振型曲率为第1个单位节点的二阶振型曲 率，预制梁1/4处点的二阶振型曲率为第
一个单位节点长度为梁长度的1/16。A unit node length is 1/16 of the beam length.
预制梁按照固端连接时的频率其计算方式为通过有限元法得到，The calculation method of the prefabricated beam is obtained by the finite element method according to the frequency when the fixed end is connected,
其计算方程为：Its calculation equation is:
M为协调质量矩阵，K是总刚度矩阵。M和K都是n阶实对称矩阵，而且 M是正定的。M is the coordination mass matrix and K is the total stiffness matrix. Both M and K are real symmetric matrices of order n, and M is positive definite.
设式(1)具有指数形式的解：Let equation (1) have an exponential solution:
q(t)＝estφ (2)q(t)= est φ (2)
将(2)式代入(1)得：Substitute (2) into (1) to get:
Kφ＝λMφ (3)Kφ=λMφ (3)
其中λ＝-s2 where λ=-s 2
式(3)即为系统的频率方程。该方程对应n个不同的根λr(r＝1,2,…,n) 即圆频率，每个圆频率对应一个特征向量(即振型)φr。可表示为：Equation (3) is the frequency equation of the system. This equation corresponds to n different roots λ r (r=1,2,...,n), ie circular frequencies, each of which corresponds to an eigenvector (ie mode shape) φ r . can be expressed as:
Kφr-λrMφr＝0 (4)Kφ r -λ r Mφ r =0 (4)
把两端固定的梁的边界条件带入(4)即可计算出圆频率λr和振型φr。The circular frequency λ r and the mode shape φ r can be calculated by taking the boundary conditions of the beam fixed at both ends into (4).
fr＝λr/2π (5)f r =λ r /2π (5)
取r＝2，则对应的为第二阶频率f2计和振型φ2(x)。Taking r=2, the corresponding second order frequency f 2 meter and mode shape φ 2 (x).
根据步骤(1)，从预制梁每端的端部朝向预制梁中部的1/4区域内均匀 设置至少4个加速传感器，预制梁的两端总共至少8个加速传感器均通过数 据线连接至动态测试分析仪的信号接收端。According to step (1), at least 4 acceleration sensors are evenly arranged in the 1/4 area from the end of each end of the prefabricated beam towards the middle of the prefabricated beam, and at least 8 acceleration sensors in total at both ends of the prefabricated beam are connected to the dynamic test through the data cable The signal receiving end of the analyzer.
通过本技术方案，加速传感器和动态测试分析仪体安装过程如图5所示， 加速度传感器10和11分别布置在预制梁两端的1/4范围内，可分别在梁两 端的1/16、1/8、3/16、1/4点处布置四个加速度传感10和11并且采用导线 30与动态测试分析仪40相连，力锤20在梁的三分点处分别在竖向激振。预 制混凝土柱子60和预制混凝土梁50在左右两个节点80和90处，等同现浇 连接，此时对于预制梁来说，在两端是固结的。如果连接质量达不到等同现浇的方式，则相当于铰接或者弹性连接。通过上述的连接方式形成的检测装 置可以通过测量梁的频率来判断两端的连接方式是否等同于固结。力锤20与 动态测试分析仪40通过导线30相连。With this technical solution, the installation process of the acceleration sensor and the dynamic test analyzer body is shown in FIG. 5 . The
若预制梁端部的二阶振型曲率与预制梁1/4处点的二阶振型曲率的比值 在0-60％内时，比值越大则施工质量越好，当比值为60％时质量最优，在60％-85％ 内时比值越大则施工质量越差，当比值大于或者等于0.85时，则施工质量不 合格；If the ratio of the second-order mode shape curvature at the end of the prefabricated beam to the second-order mode shape curvature at the 1/4 point of the prefabricated beam is within 0-60%, the larger the ratio, the better the construction quality. When the ratio is 60% The quality is the best. When the ratio is within 60%-85%, the larger the ratio, the worse the construction quality. When the ratio is greater than or equal to 0.85, the construction quality is unqualified;
装配式结构连接节点施工质量不合格，也即连接节点不等同现浇，会造 成结构安全性下降，具体反映为其动力参数和边界条件的变化，例如会造成 整体结构的刚度降低、阻尼增加；造成局部构件支承条件改变等。因此，本 发明为检测装配式混凝土梁柱节点施工质量，即梁柱节点是否等同现浇，在 梁柱节点施工完成后，采用激振锤敲击的方法，激起预制梁和预制柱的振动， 得到预制梁-预制柱的一阶和二阶振动频率以及一阶和二阶振型，通过计算预 制梁的振型曲率判断梁柱节点灌浆套筒法施工的质量，即灌浆密实度和连接 钢筋的接头长度。The construction quality of the connection joints of the prefabricated structure is not up to standard, that is, the connection joints are not equivalent to cast-in-place, which will lead to a decrease in the safety of the structure, which is reflected in the changes of its dynamic parameters and boundary conditions, such as the reduction of the stiffness of the overall structure and the increase of damping; Causes local component support conditions to change, etc. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to detect the construction quality of the prefabricated concrete beam-column joints, that is, whether the beam-column joints are equivalent to cast-in-place, after the construction of the beam-column joints is completed, the vibration of the prefabricated beams and the prefabricated columns is excited by the method of striking with an exciter hammer. , obtain the first-order and second-order vibration frequencies and the first-order and second-order mode shapes of the prefabricated beam-prefabricated column, and judge the quality of the beam-column joint grouting sleeve construction by calculating the mode shape curvature of the prefabricated beam, that is, the grouting compactness and connection. The joint length of the rebar.
以一个装配式单层单跨框架结构为例：梁截面尺寸为200mm×500mm，柱 子截面尺寸为500mm×500mm，采用C30混凝土，忽略钢筋对构件弯曲刚度的 贡献，则梁柱节点完全等同刚接时，结构模型如图1所示。Take a prefabricated single-story single-span frame structure as an example: the beam section size is 200mm × 500mm, the column section size is 500mm × 500mm, and C30 concrete is used, ignoring the contribution of the steel bar to the bending stiffness of the member, the beam-column joint is completely equivalent to the rigid connection , the structural model is shown in Figure 1.
如下表设定一阶频率和二阶频率；Set the first-order frequency and second-order frequency as shown in the following table;
根据上表所示的频率参数，如图2所示的A图为梁端等同现浇的一阶振 型图，B图为梁端等同铰接的一阶振型图；According to the frequency parameters shown in the table above, Figure A as shown in Figure 2 is the first-order mode diagram of the beam end equivalent to cast-in-place, and Figure B is the first-order mode diagram of the beam end equivalently hinged;
如图3所示的A图为梁端等同现浇的二阶振型图，B图为梁端等同铰接的 二阶振型图。As shown in Figure 3, picture A is the second-order mode diagram of the beam end equivalent to cast-in-place, and picture B is the second-order mode diagram of the beam end equivalently hinged.
根据上表和图2、3可知，梁柱节点连接质量与结构的二阶频率关系非常 密切，梁柱节点等同现浇时，其二阶频率接近梁柱铰接的频率的2倍，这样 大的差异，非常方便识别；According to the above table and Figures 2 and 3, it can be seen that the connection quality of beam-column joints is closely related to the second-order frequency of the structure. The difference is very easy to identify;
如图4所示，梁柱节点连接质量与结构的二阶振型曲率关系非常密切， 梁柱节点等同现浇时，其二阶振型曲率形状接近正弦曲线；当其连接质量非 常差时，其二阶振型曲率曲线是单调下降的，其差异也非常明显，方便识别。As shown in Figure 4, the connection quality of beam-column joints is closely related to the curvature of the second-order mode of the structure. When the beam-column joint is cast-in-place, the curvature of the second-order mode is close to a sine curve; when the connection quality is very poor, The second-order mode shape curvature curve is monotonically decreasing, and the difference is also very obvious, which is easy to identify.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而 言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行 多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限 定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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