CN111597725B - Oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method for oil-removing type hydrocyclone - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone, which comprises the following steps of firstly, determining characteristic parameters of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters; step two, determining target parameters and analysis ranges of the target parameters; step three, determining an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone; establishing a theoretical and physical model of the hydrocyclone, and analyzing the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone; step five, determining unknown parameters in an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone; and step six, evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency by using an evaluation model. The oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone is simple and convenient, and the calculation result can predict the oil-water separation efficiency of different types of cyclones under different working conditions, so that a basis is provided for the design and management of the hydrocyclone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone.
Background
In the petroleum industry, oily wastewater obtained after the dehydration and separation of crude oil produced is called oilfield produced water. In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, environmental authorities have put strict restrictions on the concentration of oil in produced water discharged into the ocean. In order to meet the requirements of environmental protection, the disposal of produced water requires great costs for the operators. Researchers have therefore sought an efficient and economical separation method. The oil removing hydrocyclone has the advantages of simple design, operation and installation and low maintenance and operation cost, and is increasingly applied to the petroleum industry, in particular to the field of marine oil and gas gathering and transportation.
Separation efficiency is an important parameter in evaluating the performance of oil-removing hydrocyclones. The separation efficiency of the oil removing hydrocyclone is closely related to the physical parameters, structural parameters and operating conditions thereof. In order to analyze the influence of the parameters on the separation process of the oil-water cyclone, a great deal of researches are carried out by students at home and abroad. Although some work has been done, the separation phenomenon of hydrocyclones is not fully understood. The design, selection and management of hydrocyclones is still based on empirical models, and most of the empirical models are suitable for solid-liquid separation and are not suitable for oil-water separation of oil-removing hydrocyclones, and engineers are not able to estimate the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclones and make the correct choice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: a reliable oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model suitable for the oil-removing type hydrocyclone is established, so that engineers can estimate the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone and make correct decisions.
The invention provides an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone, which adopts the following technical scheme:
step one, determining characteristic parameters of the oil removing type hydrocyclone, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters;
step two, determining target parameters and analysis ranges of the target parameters;
step three, determining an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone;
establishing a theoretical and physical model of the hydrocyclone, and analyzing the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone;
step five, determining unknown parameters in an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone;
and step six, evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency by using an evaluation model.
The physical parameters include oil phase viscosity mu o Viscosity of aqueous phase mu w Oil phase Density ρ o Viscosity ρ of aqueous phase w Particle diameter d of oil dropInlet oil concentration c i ；
The structural parameters comprise the diameter D of the upper opening of the small cone section s Diameter D of overflow port o Diameter D of wake opening u Diameter of cylindrical section D, length of cylindrical section L s Length L of tail pipe section u A large cone angle alpha and a small cone angle beta;
the operating parameters are the inlet speed u, reflux ratio R f 。
The target parameter is represented by u, R f ，μ r ，ρ r ，d，c i ，D s ，D o /D s ，D u /D s ，D/D s ，L s /D s ，L u Alpha, beta composition, wherein mu r Is relative viscosity ρ r Is of relative density, mu r And ρ r The definition of (2) is expressed by the following formula:
wherein mu is o Is oil phase viscosity, mu w Is the viscosity of water phase, ρ o Is of oil phase density ρ w Is the density of the water phase.
The evaluation model is represented by the following formula,
wherein A is a correlation coefficient, a 1 ～a 14 Is the association coefficient.
The fourth step comprises the following steps:
(1) Drawing a physical model, combining the determined range of the target parameters, drawing hydrocyclones with different structures by using CAD\PROE, and importing the range of the target parameters into Fluent software;
(2) Dividing grids, namely performing grid division on the established physical model by using an O-shaped structured grid, and performing encryption processing on the grids of the vortex core area;
(3) Selecting a theoretical model, and selecting a two-phase flow slip model and a Reynolds stress equation in Fluent software;
(4) Determining a boundary and solving method, setting an inlet boundary condition as a speed inlet, setting oil-water phase concentration according to a set target parameter range, setting an outlet boundary condition according to a split ratio of a hydrocyclone, and carrying out model solving by adopting a second-order windward differential format of a convection item and a pressure prediction-correction method;
(5) Determining the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone, adopting the following formula to complete the calculation of the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone,
wherein, c i Indicating the inlet oil concentration, c o Indicating the oil content of the overflow port, c u Represents the oil content concentration in the bottom flow water, Q i Is the inlet liquid mass flow, Q o Is the mass flow rate of liquid at an overflow port, Q u Is the mass flow rate of the bottom flow port liquid.
Step five, fitting to obtain A, a 1 ～a 14 And substituting the parameter values into an evaluation model to obtain a final oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone is simple and convenient, and the calculation result can predict the oil-water separation efficiency of different types of cyclones under different working conditions, so that a basis is provided for the design and management of the hydrocyclone.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone, which comprises the following steps:
analyzing the operation characteristics of the oil-removing hydrocyclone, and determining main characteristic parameters including oil phase viscosity mu o Viscosity of aqueous phase mu w Oil phase Density ρ o Viscosity ρ of aqueous phase w Oil drop particle diameter d, inlet oil concentration c i Physical parameters of the composition, including the diameter D of the upper opening of the small cone section s Diameter D of overflow port o Diameter D of wake opening u Diameter of cylindrical section D, length of cylindrical section L s Length L of tail pipe section u Structural parameters consisting of a large cone angle alpha, a small cone angle beta and a ratio of inlet speed u to reflux R f Operating parameters of the composition.
Step two, obtaining the product represented by u and R based on the integration of physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters f ，μ r ，ρ r ，d，c i ，D s ，D o /D s ，D u /D s ，D/D s ，L s /D s ，L u A, determining target parameters formed by alpha and beta, and determining the calculation range of each parameter;
and thirdly, combining the relation between each target parameter and the oil-water separation efficiency eta to obtain the basic structure of the evaluation model as shown in the formula (1), substituting each parameter to obtain the basic form of the evaluation model as shown in the formula (2).
Step four, using Fluent software, combining structural characteristics of the hydrocyclone and internal fluid movement, establishing a physical and theoretical model, and determining separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone under different working conditions, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) And drawing a physical model. And drawing hydrocyclones with different structures by using CAD\PROE according to the determined range of the target parameters, and importing the hydrocyclones into Fluent software.
(2) And (5) dividing grids. And performing grid division on the built physical model by using an O-shaped structured grid, and performing encryption processing on the grid of the vortex core area so as to improve the simulation precision.
(3) A theoretical model is selected. Two-phase flow slip model (ASM), reynolds stress equation (RSM) was chosen in Fluent software.
(4) And determining boundaries and solving methods. Setting the boundary condition of an inlet as a speed inlet, and setting the oil-water phase concentration according to the set target parameter range; the boundary conditions of the outlet are set according to the split ratio of the hydrocyclone. And adopting a second-order windward differential format (QUICK format) of the flow term and a pressure prediction-correction method (SIMPLE algorithm) to carry out model solving.
(5) The separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone is determined. And (3) reading concentration and flow distribution values according to the simulation calculation result, and completing the calculation of the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone according to the formula (3).
Wherein, c i ，c o ，c u The oil concentration in the water of the inlet, the overflow port and the bottom flow port respectively. Q (Q) i ，Q o ，Q u The liquid mass flow rates of the inlet, the overflow and the underflow opening respectively.
Step five, combining the simulation data, and fitting to obtain A, a 1 ～a 14 And substituting the parameter values into the formula (2) to obtain a final oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone.
And step six, performing analysis of variance on the model, analyzing and evaluating the calculation accuracy of the model, and evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency by using the model.
The principles of the invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
analyzing the operation characteristics of the oil-removing hydrocyclone, and determining main characteristic parameters including oil phase viscosity mu o Viscosity of aqueous phase mu w Oil phase Density ρ o Viscosity ρ of aqueous phase w Oil drop particle diameter d, inlet oil concentration c i Physical parameters of the composition, including the diameter D of the upper opening of the small cone section s Diameter D of overflow port o Diameter D of wake opening u Diameter of cylindrical section D, length of cylindrical section L s Length L of tail pipe section u Structural parameters consisting of a large cone angle alpha, a small cone angle beta and a ratio of inlet speed u to reflux R f Operating parameters of the composition.
Step two, obtaining the product represented by u and R based on the integration of physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters f ，μ r ，ρ r ，d，c i ，D s ，D o /D s ，D u /D s ，D/D s ，L s /D s ，L u The target parameters, α, β, are composed, and the calculation ranges of the respective parameters are determined as shown in table 1.
Table 114 parameter value levels
Step three, combining target parameter characteristics, determining a basic form of an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone, wherein the basic form is shown in a formula (4);
and fourthly, utilizing Fluent software, and determining the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone in different target parameter ranges by drawing a physical model, dividing grids, selecting a theoretical model, determining boundaries and solving methods. The calculation formula of the separation efficiency is shown in formula (5).
Wherein, c i ，c o ，c u The oil concentration in the water of the inlet, the overflow port and the bottom flow port respectively. Q (Q) i ，Q o ，Q u The liquid mass flow rates of the inlet, the overflow and the underflow opening respectively.
The results thus obtained are shown in table 2.
Step five, combining the simulation data, and fitting to obtain A, a 1 ～a 14 And substituting the parameter values into the formula (4) to obtain a final oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone, wherein the oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model is shown in the formula (6).
And step six, performing analysis of variance on the model, analyzing and evaluating the calculation accuracy of the model, and evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency by using the model.
The analysis of variance evaluation of the oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone is shown in table 3. As can be seen from table 3, the model F value was 137.9, indicating that the separation efficiency evaluation model was remarkable. The analysis of each factor is shown in table 4. p-value < 0.0001 indicates that there is only 0.01% chance of F-max. A P value less than 0.05 indicates that it is a significant term. R, R 2 And Adj-R 2 The multiple of (2) is greater than 0.9 and the standard error is relatively low. The result shows that the model is well matched with the simulation value, and can be used for evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone.
Therefore, by using the evaluation model, the separation efficiency of the oil removing type hydrocyclone under different models, different operation parameters and different physical properties can be analyzed. For example, if the size of one hydrocyclone is known, and the structural parameters are substituted in combination with the formula (6), the separation efficiency of the oil-removing hydrocyclone under different operation parameters and physical parameters can be evaluated.
TABLE 2 simulation results of oil-removing hydrocyclone
TABLE 3 evaluation model equation analysis of oil-water separation efficiency of oil-removing hydrocyclone
TABLE 4 regression coefficient analysis of oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of oil-removing hydrocyclone
Multiple R＝98.75％,R 2 ＝97.53％,Adj-R 2 ＝96.82％.
From the above embodiments, it can be seen that the technical scheme adopted by the invention determines the target parameter and the range thereof based on the analysis of the characteristics of the hydrocyclone, and performs numerical simulation on the oil removal hydrocyclone under different physical parameters, operation parameters and structural parameters by using Fluent. Based on the simulation data, an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone is established, and the calculation theory of oil-water separation of the hydrocyclone is perfected. The calculation method is simple and convenient, and the calculation result can predict the oil-water separation efficiency of different types of cyclones under different working conditions, thereby providing a basis for the design and management of the hydrocyclone.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. An oil-water separation efficiency evaluation method of an oil-removing type hydrocyclone comprises the following steps:
step one, determining characteristic parameters of the oil removing type hydrocyclone, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise physical parameters, structural parameters and operation parameters; the physical parameters include oil phase viscosity mu o Viscosity of aqueous phase mu w Oil phase Density ρ o Viscosity ρ of aqueous phase w Oil drop particle diameter d, inlet oil concentration c i ；
The structural parameters comprise the diameter D of the upper opening of the small cone section s Diameter D of overflow port o Diameter D of wake opening u Diameter of cylindrical section D, length of cylindrical section L s Length L of tail pipe section u A large cone angle alpha and a small cone angle beta;
the operating parameters are the inlet speed u, reflux ratio R f；
Step two, determining target parameters and analysis ranges of the target parameters; the target parameter is represented by u, R f ，μ r ，ρ r ，d，c i ，D s ，D o /D s ，D u /D s ，D/D s ，L s /D s ，L u Alpha, beta composition, wherein mu r Is relative viscosity ρ r Is of relative density, mu r And ρ r The definition of (2) is expressed by the following formula:
wherein mu is o Is oil phase viscosity, mu w Is the viscosity of water phase, ρ o Is of oil phase density ρ w Is the density of the water phase;
step three, determining an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone; the evaluation model is represented by the following formula,
wherein A is a correlation coefficient, a 1 ～a 14 Is the association coefficient;
establishing a theoretical and physical model of the hydrocyclone, and analyzing the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drawing a physical model, combining the determined range of the target parameters, drawing hydrocyclones with different structures by using CAD\PROE, and importing the range of the target parameters into Fluent software;
(2) Dividing grids, namely performing grid division on the established physical model by using an O-shaped structured grid, and performing encryption processing on the grids of the vortex core area;
(3) Selecting a theoretical model, and selecting a two-phase flow slip model and a Reynolds stress equation in Fluent software;
(4) Determining a boundary and solving method, setting an inlet boundary condition as a speed inlet, setting oil-water phase concentration according to a set target parameter range, setting an outlet boundary condition according to a split ratio of a hydrocyclone, and carrying out model solving by adopting a second-order windward differential format of a convection item and a pressure prediction-correction method;
(5) Determining the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone, adopting the following formula to complete the calculation of the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone,
wherein, c i Indicating the inlet oil concentration, c o Indicating the oil content of the overflow port, c u Represents the oil content concentration in the bottom flow water, Q i Is the inlet liquid mass flow, Q o Is the mass flow rate of liquid at an overflow port, Q u Is the mass flow of the bottom flow port liquid;
step five, determining unknown parameters in an oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone; comprises, fitting to obtain A, a 1 ～a 14 Substituting the parameter values into an evaluation model to obtain a final oil-water separation efficiency evaluation model of the oil-removing type hydrocyclone;
and step six, evaluating the oil-water separation efficiency by using an evaluation model.
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