CN102878431B - On-line monitoring method for flow pattern of multi-phase flow in oil and gas pipeline of offshore oilfield - Google Patents
On-line monitoring method for flow pattern of multi-phase flow in oil and gas pipeline of offshore oilfield Download PDFInfo
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- CN102878431B CN102878431B CN201110194993.7A CN201110194993A CN102878431B CN 102878431 B CN102878431 B CN 102878431B CN 201110194993 A CN201110194993 A CN 201110194993A CN 102878431 B CN102878431 B CN 102878431B
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-line monitoring method for a flow pattern of a multi-phase flow in an oil and gas pipeline of an offshore oilfield; the method comprises the following steps: arranging a pressure sensor on a pipeline inlet end of the oil and gas pipeline; collecting a pressure signal of the pipeline inlet end by using the pressure sensor; conducting filter treatment to the pressure signal to obtain a filtered pressure signal; subjecting the filtered pressure signal to a dimensionless treatment, a character analysis and a characteristic quantity extraction in turn to obtain the flow pattern of the multi-phase flow. With the adoption of the method provided by the invention, the real-time property of the on-line identification of the flow pattern in the offshore oilfield pipeline is improved effectively, a flow pattern monitoring base is provided to an automatic throttling method in our country, and a role of guiding significance is taken to a certain play in stabilizing oilfield production and improving yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the on-line monitoring method of multiphase flow pattern in a kind of marine oil field oil-gas pipeline, belong to petroleum engineering multi-phase flow technology field
Background technology
The serious slug flow prediction of seabed mixed transporting tube line is research and the emphasis of paying close attention in marine oil and gas exploitation with controlling always.Serious slug flow is phenomenon common in submarine pipeline, while there is serious slug flow, the flow parameter such as pressure, speed will occur periodically, significantly fluctuation, can cause the big ups and downs of system pressure, and even occur whole pipeline and equipment high vibration when serious; Long liquid plug can increase the oil control difficulty of gas disposal equipment of platform, also can cause producing interrupting, and severe slug flow phenomenon can produce very high back pressure when serious, and this can cause many adverse influences to hydrocarbon-bearing pool, even occurs dried-up well accident.Determine that one of mixed no successful key factor of delivery of energy of oil and gas pipes is exactly the elimination of slug flow impact and stabilizes control, guarantees that the production of first and last end is stable.
External a lot of famous process control companies and Oilfield Company are all devoted to respectively the research of flow limit method Based Intelligent Control serious slug flow method in marine oil field.The slugCon of ABB AB's exploitation
tMand Optimize
iTtwo software utilizes the pressure signal of gathering line entrance and exit to suppress the formation of slug flow.The system of BP oil company exploitation adopts the analysis of many places pressure signal on gathering line that thereby the development of reference signal control section plug flow is provided to throttling valve.What the famous software OLGA Online of SPT GROUP adopted is the way of transient model simulation, and the mobile variation according in entrance and exit pressure signal look-ahead pipeline, provides indication to throttling valve.Generally speaking, the external technology starting point is to suppress serious slug flow, and the on-line monitoring to flow pattern in pipeline not.At home, due to external technical monopoly, less also without more scientific and technological achievement to the research of severe slug flow control technology.Power engineering polyphasic flow National Key Laboratory of Xi'an Communications University has developed a set of self-choke method can eliminate serious slug flow, but than foreign technology, the method can not improve the output in oil field when eliminating serious slug flow, key reason is not monitoring of the variation of the flow pattern in gathering line, also continues throttling and cause output not raise when the interior flow pattern of throttling rear line is changed.
Current flow type identification method is also confined to, in level or tilted tube, according to pipeline upward pressure and pressure difference signal etc., can identify bubble flow wherein, stratified flow, and intermittent flow and annular flow, and can obtain higher discrimination.But because pipeline configuration in pipelines for collection and transfer of petroleum is more complicated, flow pattern is also far different than the flow pattern in common level or tilted tube, so in level or tilted tube, the intelligent identification Method of multiphase flow pattern cannot be generalized in gathering line and goes.There are several outstanding problems in current differentiation serious slug flow method: (one) picks up riser bottom pressure signal as the standard of serious slug flow feature differentiation, and in practical operation, riser bottom pressure signal is very difficult to obtain; (2) more single to the characteristic analysis method of extraction signal, take direct observed pressure signal fluctuation to judge, artificial subjectivity is larger, can not make full use of the information of measuring the signal obtaining.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide multiphase flow pattern on-line monitoring method in a kind of marine oil field oil-gas pipeline.
Multiphase flow pattern on-line monitoring method in marine oil field oil-gas pipeline provided by the invention, comprises the steps: pressure transducer to be arranged on the pipe head of described oil-gas pipeline; With described pressure transducer, gather the pressure signal of described pipe head; Described pressure signal is carried out to filtering processing and obtain filtered pressure signal; Described filtered pressure signal is carried out can obtaining after nondimensionalization processing and signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction successively to the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, described pressure transducer can be piezoresistive pressure sensor.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, the pressure-measuring-point of described pressure transducer is positioned at the downside of the pipe head of described oil-gas pipeline; Described pressure signal is the static pressure signal of described pipe head.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, described nondimensionalization is processed and can divided by the top pressure in described pipeline, be obtained by described filtered pressure signal.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, female small echo that described filtering is processed can be db2 small echo or db10 small echo; The filtering progression that described filtering is processed can be 5-10, as 10; The selection of described female small echo and filtering progression with the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that improves signal for mainly with reference to criterion.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, described nondimensionalization is treated to described filtered pressure signal divided by the maximum pressure in described oil-gas pipeline.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, the characteristic quantity of described signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction can be the coefficient of skewness; The characteristic quantity of described signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction can be the coefficient of skewness and variance yields; The characteristic quantity of described signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction can be the coefficient of skewness, variance yields and pressure mean values; If the above-mentioned characteristic quantity of pressure signal can meet the recognition rule of certain flow pattern, can judge immediately this flow pattern under flowing, can not judge or the method for the mobile employing pattern-recognition of more difficult judgement, find the sample corresponding flow pattern nearest with it and give this mobile flow pattern classification.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, the described coefficient of skewness is less than 0.00035, and the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow is mainly first kind serious slug flow, the Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow of fine part.
In above-mentioned monitoring method, when the described coefficient of skewness is greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields while being greater than 0.0126, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow; When the described coefficient of skewness be greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields be less than 0.002 and be less than-0.12939 * time during equal pressure+0.1404, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to stable state flow pattern; When the described coefficient of skewness be greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields be less than 0.004 and be less than-0.03203 * time during equal pressure+0.03682, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to transition flow pattern.
Monitoring method provided by the invention improved the real-time of flow pattern ONLINE RECOGNITION in off-shore pipeline effectively, for domestic self-choke method provides the basis of flow pattern monitoring, for stablize field produces and raising output has played certain directive significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of oil-gas pipeline of the present invention and pressure transducer.
In figure, each mark is as follows: 1 pipeline, 2 piezoresistive pressure sensors.
Embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
As shown in Figure 1, the inlet end at experimental channel 1 is provided with a piezoresistive pressure sensor 2; Its pressure-measuring-point is positioned at the downside of pipeline 1.What piezoresistive pressure sensor 2 was measured is the static pressure of pipeline 1 wall, and range is 0-5bar.Its range can be selected different scopes according to different actual conditions.
(1) pressure signal is carried out to filtering: with db10 small echo, the pressure signal of the inlet end of the pipeline 1 measuring is carried out to 10 grades of filtering, the selection of female small echo and filtering progression with the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that improves signal for mainly with reference to criterion.
(2) pressure signal of processing through (1) is carried out to dimensionless processing: divided by the top pressure that can produce in pipeline, top pressure has different selections according to different line construction with filtered signal.
(3) pressure signal after process (1) and (2) is carried out to signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction: adopt statistical method, pressure signal has been extracted to pressure mean values, the characteristic quantities such as the coefficient of skewness (third central moment value) and variance yields.
(4) carry out popular identification: according to domestic and international achievement in research, the Multiphase Flow flow pattern in the gathering line of ocean being concluded and summed up, be then divided into four classes, is respectively first kind serious slug flow, Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow, transition flow pattern and stable state flow pattern.First kind serious slug flow can be described as, under lower gas-liquid flow, liquid can gather and block riser bottom gas flow mistake in riser bottom, therefore cause gas compression and the growth of liquid plug in system, in standpipe, can be full of for a long time liquid, and gas is compressed, and to enter after standpipe eruption very violent.When increasing gas flow or fluid flow and change, in standpipe, still there will be and have the situation that is full of liquid, and gas eruption is also more violent, but that standpipe is full of the duration of liquid is shorter, the serious slug flow at this moment forming can be described as Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow.Transition flow pattern is very short owing to entering the slug length that standpipe leans forward in inclined tube, the top that the growth of liquid plug does not reach standpipe, gas in tipping tube just likely arrives riser bottom and causes bubble to enter standpipe, the slug length that now flows out pipeline is just less than standpipe height, but much larger than the slug length in conventional hydrodynamic force slug flow.Stable state flow pattern comprises bulk stream when the short slug flow that occurs in standpipe and bubble flow and gas flow are very large etc., and it is less that short slug flow and bubble flow show as pressure surge, but average is higher, and it is less that block stream shows as pressure surge, but average is lower.
According to flow pattern rule, first to the characteristic quantity extracting in (3), successively judgement, until finally draw clear and definite flow pattern and the flow pattern of some more difficult differentiations, tentatively judges below:
(if if the third central moment value of pressure surge were less than 0.00035), so
1) this flows and to belong to first kind serious slug flow and part Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow seldom, otherwise
2) this flows and belongs to Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow or transition flow pattern or stable state flow pattern.
For the 1st) plant, adopt mode identification method, find the sample corresponding flow pattern nearest with it and give this mobile flow pattern classification.To the 2nd) plant, according to Variance feature, again classify:
(if if the variance yields of pressure surge were greater than 0.0126), so
1) this flows and belongs to Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow, otherwise;
2) this flows and belongs to transition flow pattern or stable state flow pattern.
To the 2nd) plant, adopt new discrimination rule to judge, utilize pressure variance yields characteristic parameter time equal pressure territory on deployment characteristics:
If (pressure variance yields be less than 0.002 and be less than-0.12939 * time equal pressure+0.1404) time, so
1) this flows for stable state flow pattern;
2) this flows for transition flow pattern or other uncertain flow patterns;
For 2) in order to determine transition flow pattern, same working pressure variance yields characteristic parameter time equal pressure territory on the method for deployment characteristics:
If (pressure variance yields be less than 0.004 and be less than-0.03203 * time equal pressure+0.03682) time,
1) this flows for transition flow pattern;
2) this flow pattern is in several flow patterns border, more difficult judgement.
For the flow pattern of more difficult judgement, adopt the method for pattern-recognition to classify, find the sample corresponding flow pattern nearest with it and give this mobile flow pattern classification.
Table 1 is that this method is at actual application result.Multiphase Flow in level-having a down dip (2 degree)-standpipe collector and delivery pipe road, flow parameter scope: gas superficial velocity: 0.07-6m/s, liquid phase specific speed: 0.1-1.3m/s, oil content: 0%, 35%, 50%, 75%, 90%, 100%.Recognition result: first kind serious slug flow recognition accuracy 83.1%, Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow recognition accuracy 86.5%, the recognition accuracy of transition flow pattern is 93.5%, the recognition accuracy of stable state flow pattern is 97.1%.
The recognition result of table 1 monitoring method of the present invention
Claims (5)
1. a multiphase flow pattern on-line monitoring method in marine oil field oil-gas pipeline, comprises the steps: pressure transducer to be arranged on the pipe head of described oil-gas pipeline; With described pressure transducer, gather the pressure signal of described pipe head; Described pressure signal is carried out to filtering processing and obtain filtered pressure signal; Described filtered pressure signal is carried out can obtaining after nondimensionalization processing and signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction successively to the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow;
The characteristic quantity of described signature analysis and Characteristic Extraction is the coefficient of skewness, variance yields and the pressure mean values of the pressure signal after described nondimensionalization is processed;
The described coefficient of skewness is less than 0.00035, and the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow is mainly first kind serious slug flow and part Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow seldom;
When the described coefficient of skewness is greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields while being greater than 0.0126, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to Equations of The Second Kind serious slug flow;
When the described coefficient of skewness be greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields be less than 0.002 and during be less than-0.12939 * pressure mean values+0.1404, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to stable state flow pattern;
When the described coefficient of skewness be greater than 0.00035 and described variance yields be less than 0.004 and during be less than-0.03203 * pressure mean values+0.03682, the flow pattern of described polyphasic flow belongs to transition flow pattern.
2. monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure transducer is piezoresistive pressure sensor.
3. monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pressure-measuring-point of described pressure transducer is positioned at the downside of the pipe head of described oil-gas pipeline; Described pressure signal is the static pressure signal of described pipe head.
4. monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: female small echo that described filtering is processed is db2 small echo or db10 small echo; The filtering progression that described filtering is processed is 5-10.
5. monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nondimensionalization is treated to described filtered pressure signal divided by the maximum pressure in described oil-gas pipeline.
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| CN104897364B (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-05-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for determining gas-liquid two-phase hydrodynamic slug flow in horizontal and micro-inclined pipes |
| CN105806591A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 西安交通大学 | Fast recognition method for gas-liquid two-phase flow mass flow pattern based on along-the-way signal coupling |
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| CN1320815A (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2001-11-07 | 西安交通大学 | In-line recognition method for multi-phase (oil, gas and water) flow type |
| CN1409100A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | 上海电力学院 | Spectrum-chromatographic identification method for gas/solid two phase flow pattern in pipe |
| CN1554936A (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-15 | 浙江大学 | Gas/liquid twe phase flow flow pattern identifying method and system based on soft measurement technology |
| CN1664555A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2005-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Two-phase fluid flow pattern identification method based on time sequence and neural net pattern identification |
| FR2947323A3 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-31 | Marcello Fernando Selli | System for monitoring flows of single-phase and/or polyphase of liquid and/or gas in tube in e.g. oil industry, has neuronal network processing coefficients of functions of two-dimensional distribution to identify types of flow in tube |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1320815A (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2001-11-07 | 西安交通大学 | In-line recognition method for multi-phase (oil, gas and water) flow type |
| CN1409100A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-09 | 上海电力学院 | Spectrum-chromatographic identification method for gas/solid two phase flow pattern in pipe |
| CN1554936A (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-15 | 浙江大学 | Gas/liquid twe phase flow flow pattern identifying method and system based on soft measurement technology |
| CN1664555A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2005-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Two-phase fluid flow pattern identification method based on time sequence and neural net pattern identification |
| FR2947323A3 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-31 | Marcello Fernando Selli | System for monitoring flows of single-phase and/or polyphase of liquid and/or gas in tube in e.g. oil industry, has neuronal network processing coefficients of functions of two-dimensional distribution to identify types of flow in tube |
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Patentee after: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Patentee after: CNOOC Research Institute Patentee after: Xi'an Jiaotong University Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Patentee before: CNOOC Research Center Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee after: CNOOC research institute limited liability company Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Co-patentee after: Xi'an Jiaotong University Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee before: CNOOC Research Institute Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Co-patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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