CN111597620A - Uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement - Google Patents
Uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement, which comprises the following steps: carrying out a road load measurement test on the vehicle, and calculating according to a road load mathematical model and measurement data to obtain test data; analyzing uncertainty sources, and determining uncertain influence factors influencing road load measurement; respectively calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influence factors according to the test data; calculating the synthetic standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors; and evaluating the uncertainty of the road load measurement according to the uncertainty of the composite standard. The method can help the tester to determine the reliability of the road load measurement result, thereby being beneficial to improving the reliability of the road load measurement test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road load measurement, in particular to an uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement.
Background
The road load coefficient of the whole vehicle is used as an input parameter of a chassis dynamometer and is an important influence factor for testing and evaluating the emission and energy consumption level of the whole vehicle, so that the road load and the coefficient of the whole vehicle need to be accurately measured.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for uncertainty assessment of road load measurements that overcomes or at least partially solves the above mentioned problems of the prior art.
A method for uncertainty assessment of road load measurements, comprising the steps of:
carrying out a road load measurement test on the vehicle, and calculating according to a road load mathematical model and measurement data to obtain test data, wherein the test data comprises the sliding time of the vehicle in a certain vehicle speed interval and the resistance of the vehicle when the vehicle runs on a road;
analyzing uncertain influence factors influencing road load measurement to obtain uncertainty sources;
respectively calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influence factors according to the test data;
calculating the synthetic standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors;
and evaluating the uncertainty of the road load measurement according to the uncertainty of the composite standard.
Further, the road load measurement test is performed on the vehicle, a road load mathematical model is established, and test data are obtained through calculation according to the road load mathematical model and the measurement data, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
carrying out stowage on a test vehicle, and preheating the test vehicle;
continuously sliding a test vehicle on a test road, and collecting measurement data, wherein the measurement data comprises reference speed, time and quality related data;
and calculating the road load according to the road load mathematical model and the measured data.
Further, after the road load is calculated from the mathematical model of the road load and the measurement data, the reference state is corrected.
Further, the uncertainty influence factor comprises one or more of repeatability measurement error, time measurement error, test vehicle speed measurement error, quality measurement error, air resistance correction and wind speed correction.
Further, before calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influencing factors according to the test data, the method further comprises the following steps: and selecting a corresponding calculation method according to the uncertain influence factor source to calculate the relative standard uncertainty, wherein the calculation method comprises a first calculation method and a second calculation method.
Further, the first calculation method includes the steps of:
calculating an arithmetic mean of the test data;
calculating the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influence factors according to the test data, the arithmetic mean of the test data and the actual measurement times;
and calculating relative standard uncertainty according to the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influencing factors.
Further, the second calculation method includes the steps of:
acquiring a measurement data error range from an external data source, and calculating a measurement data error interval;
and judging interval distribution according to the error interval of the measured data, determining an inclusion factor and calculating standard uncertainty.
Further, the second calculation method determines the sensitivity coefficient according to the source of the uncertain influencing factor before calculating the standard uncertainty, so as to be used for calculating the standard uncertainty.
Further, calculating the synthetic standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all the uncertain influencing factors specifically includes:
calculating the relative standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors;
and calculating the uncertainty of the synthesis standard according to the test data and the uncertainty of the synthesis relative standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement, provided by the invention, after a road load measurement test is carried out on a vehicle, uncertain influence factors influencing a road load measurement result are analyzed and determined, the relative standard uncertainties of different uncertain influence factors are respectively calculated based on test data, finally, the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors are synthesized to calculate the synthesized standard uncertainty, and the uncertainty of road load measurement is evaluated according to the synthesized standard uncertainty.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of an uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a road load measurement test flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a first calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a second calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic relative standard uncertainty calculation process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the illustrated embodiments are provided to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall process of an uncertainty evaluation method for road load measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for uncertainty assessment of road load measurements, the method comprising the steps of:
and S11, carrying out a road load measurement test on the vehicle, and calculating according to the road load mathematical model and the measurement data to obtain test data, wherein the test data comprises the sliding time of the vehicle in a certain vehicle speed interval and the resistance of the vehicle when the vehicle runs on the road.
And S12, analyzing uncertain influence factors influencing road load measurement, and acquiring uncertainty sources.
The step mainly analyzes uncertainty influence factors influencing the road load measurement test result, thereby determining a corresponding uncertainty source. In the invention, uncertain influence factors influencing road load measurement comprise one or more of repeatability measurement error, time measurement error, test vehicle speed measurement error, quality measurement error, air resistance correction and wind speed correction.
And S13, respectively calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influence factors according to the test data.
And S14, calculating the synthetic standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influencing factors.
And S15, evaluating the uncertainty of the road load measurement according to the composite standard uncertainty.
In step S11, the performing a road load measurement test on the vehicle, establishing a road load mathematical model, and calculating to obtain test data according to the road load mathematical model and the measurement data includes, as shown in fig. 2:
and S21, loading the test vehicle and preheating the test vehicle.
Wherein the warming up of the test vehicle may be continued for at least 20 minutes at a speed of 90% of the WLTC test standard cycle.
And S22, continuously sliding the test vehicle on the test road, and collecting measurement data, wherein the measurement data comprises reference speed, time and quality related data.
When the test vehicle continuously slides on the test road, a reciprocating bidirectional manner can be adopted. After the vehicle is accelerated to a certain speed on the test road, the vehicle transmission is placed in a neutral gear, so that the vehicle can slide freely.
And S23, calculating the road load according to the road load mathematical model and the measured data.
In step S23, the mathematical model of road load is shown in formula (1),
wherein F represents road load and has a unit of N; m isavRepresents the average mass of the vehicle before and after the test in kg; m isrRepresents the rotating mass in kg; Δ v represents the speed interval in km/h; Δ t represents the harmonic mean of the measured vehicle back-and-forth coasting time at the reference speed, in units of s. And substituting the measurement data into the formula (1) to calculate and obtain the vehicle road load.
After the road load is calculated according to the road load mathematical model and the measured data, the reference state is corrected, and the air resistance factor and the wind speed correction resistance are determined. The air resistance factor is obtained by equation (2).
Wherein, K2Is an air resistance correction factor; t is the arithmetic mean of the atmospheric temperatures of all tests, in K; p is the arithmetic mean of atmospheric pressure in kPa.
The wind speed correction resistance is obtained by the formula (3),
wherein, w1Correcting resistance for wind speed with unit of N; f. of2Is the wind resistance coefficient; v. ofwThe arithmetic mean wind speed is the relatively low of the test road in both directions and is given in m/s.
In step S13, before calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influencing factors according to the test data, the method further comprises: and selecting a corresponding calculation method according to the uncertain influence factor source to calculate the relative standard uncertainty, wherein the calculation method comprises a first calculation method and a second calculation method.
In the embodiment, in uncertain influence factor sources of all road load measurement, for repeated measurement errors, a first calculation method is adopted to calculate relative standard uncertainty introduced by the repeated measurement errors; and calculating relative standard uncertainty introduced by the time measurement error, the test vehicle speed measurement error, the mass measurement error, the air resistance correction and the wind speed correction by adopting a second calculation method.
As shown in fig. 3, the first calculation method includes the following steps:
and S31, calculating the arithmetic mean value of the test data.
For repeated measurement errors, the test data is taken as road load values, and the arithmetic mean of the road load values obtained from a plurality of tests is calculated in this step, as shown in equation (4).
Wherein i is a positive integer from 1 to n; n is the number of tests; fiThe vehicle road load value obtained in each test is indicated.
And S32, calculating the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influencing factors according to the test data, the arithmetic mean of the test data and the actual measurement times.
In this embodiment, the actual measurement is selected to be measured 4 times and averaged, so the standard uncertainty of the error of the repetitive measurement is shown in equation (5).
Wherein u (F) represents the standard uncertainty of the error of the repeated measurements;
the arithmetic mean of the vehicle road load values obtained for a number of tests.
And S33, calculating the relative standard uncertainty according to the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influencing factors.
In this embodiment, after the standard uncertainty of the repeatability measurement error is obtained by calculation, the relative standard uncertainty u is calculated according to the formula (6)r(F)。
As shown in fig. 4, the second calculation method includes the steps of,
and S41, acquiring the error range of the measured data from an external data source, and calculating the error interval of the measured data.
And S42, judging interval distribution according to the error interval of the measured data, determining an inclusion factor and calculating standard uncertainty.
In this embodiment, before the second calculation method calculates the standard uncertainty, the sensitivity coefficient is determined according to the source of the uncertain influencing factor, so as to calculate the standard uncertainty.
For time measurement error, the sensitivity coefficient c (t) is shown in equation (7).
For mass measurement error, its sensitivity coefficient c (m)av) As shown in equation (8).
The sensitivity coefficient c (v) for the vehicle speed measurement error is shown in equation (9).
For air resistance correction, its sensitivity coefficient c (K)2) Is 1; for wind speed correction, its sensitivity coefficient c (w)1) Is 1.
After determining the sensitivity coefficients of the uncertain influence factors, respectively calculating the relative standard uncertainty introduced by different uncertain influence factors.
Relative standard uncertainty u introduced for time measurement errorr(t) first calculating its standard uncertainty, the error range of the measurement data of the time measurement error can be obtained from the calibration certificate, the error range of the measurement time is uniformly distributed in the interval, therefore, it is determined that it contains the factor of
The standard uncertainty u (t) is shown in formula (10),
wherein, a (t) represents a measurement time error; k represents an inclusion factor. The standard uncertainty u (t) is then corrected in combination with the sensitivity factor, as shown in equation (11),
after the standard uncertainty u (t) of the time measurement error is determined, the relative standard uncertainty u (t) is calculated according to the formula (12)r(t)。
Where t represents the harmonic mean of the vehicle round-trip coasting times obtained over multiple trials.
Relative standard uncertainty u introduced for quality measurement errorsr(mav) First, the standard uncertainty is calculated, the error range of the measurement data of the mass measurement error can be obtained from the specification of the measuring instrument, and the error range of the measurement mass can be obtainedThe oral taking in the interval is uniformly distributed, so that the inclusion factor is determined to be
Its standard uncertainty u (m)av) As shown in the formula (13),
wherein, a (m)av) Representing the mass measurement error, a (m) if the mass measurement error obtained from the instrumentation specifications is ± 0.5%, and the vehicle mass is 1745kgav) ± 1745 × 0.005. And then combined with its sensitivity coefficient pair u (m)av) The correction is made, as shown in equation (14),
determining standard uncertainty u (m) of mass measurement errorav) Thereafter, the relative standard uncertainty u (m) thereof is calculated according to the formula (15)av)。
Relative standard uncertainty u introduced to vehicle speed measurement errorr(V) firstly calculating the standard uncertainty u (V), wherein the error range of the measurement data of the vehicle speed measurement error can be obtained from the specification of a measuring instrument device, and the error range of the vehicle speed measurement error is uniformly distributed in the interval, so that the inclusion factor is determined to be
Its standard uncertainty u (V) is shown in equation (16),
then, u (V) is corrected in combination with the sensitivity coefficient, as shown in formula (17),
after the standard uncertainty u (V) of the vehicle speed measurement error is determined, the relative standard uncertainty u (V) is calculated according to the formula (18)r(V)。
Relative standard uncertainty u introduced for air resistance correctionr(K2) Since the air resistance correction comprises the atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric pressure, the standard uncertainties u (T) and u (P) of the atmospheric temperature T and the atmospheric pressure P are respectively calculated firstly, the error ranges of the measurement data of the measurement errors of the atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric pressure can be obtained from the specification of the measuring instrument equipment, the error ranges of the measured atmospheric temperature and the atmospheric pressure are uniformly distributed, and the inclusion factor is determined to be
The standard uncertainties u (T) and u (P) are shown in equation (19),
standard uncertainty u (K) was then synthesized2) As shown in the formula (20),
determining standard uncertainty u (K) of air resistance correction2) Then, the relative standard uncertainty u is calculated according to the formula (21)r(K2)。
Relative standard uncertainty u introduced for wind speed correctionr(w1) Head ofFirst, the standard uncertainty u (w) is calculated1) The error range of the wind speed corrected measurement data can be obtained from the specification of the measuring instrument equipment, and the error range of the wind speed is uniformly distributed in the interval of the measurement error range, so that the included factor is determined to be
Its standard uncertainty u (w)1) As shown in the formula (22),
and then combined with its sensitivity coefficient pair u (w)1) The correction is made, as shown in equation (23),
determining a standard uncertainty u (w) of a wind speed correction1) Then, the relative standard uncertainty u is calculated according to the formula (24)r(w1)。
As shown in fig. 5, in step S14, the calculating the composite standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all the uncertain influencing factors specifically includes:
and S51, calculating the combined relative standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influencing factors.
In the step, relative standard uncertainty values of uncertain influence factors of all sources are substituted into a formula (25), so that the synthetic relative standard uncertainty u is calculatedcr(F)。
And S52, calculating the uncertainty of the synthetic standard according to the experimental data and the uncertainty of the synthetic relative standard.
In step S52, the vehicle road load value F obtained from the test and the combined relative standard uncertainty ucr(F) Calculating a composite standard uncertainty u of a vehicle road loadc(F) As shown in equation (26).
uc(F)＝F×ucr(F) (26)
Specifically, in step S15, the extended uncertainty of the road load measurement of the vehicle is calculated to facilitate the worker' S assessment of the uncertainty of the road load measurement. When the confidence probability is 95%, the factor K is 2, and the corresponding value is substituted into the formula (27) to calculate the expanded uncertainty UrelF。
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for uncertainty assessment of road load measurements, characterized in that said method comprises the steps of:
carrying out a road load measurement test on the vehicle, and calculating according to a road load mathematical model and measurement data to obtain test data, wherein the test data comprises the sliding time of the vehicle in a certain vehicle speed interval and the resistance of the vehicle when the vehicle runs on a road;
analyzing uncertain influence factors influencing road load measurement to obtain uncertainty sources;
respectively calculating the relative standard uncertainty of different uncertain influence factors according to the test data;
calculating the synthetic standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors;
and evaluating the uncertainty of the road load measurement according to the uncertainty of the composite standard.
2. The method for evaluating uncertainty of road load measurement according to claim 1, wherein the road load measurement test is performed on a vehicle, a road load mathematical model is established, and test data are obtained through calculation according to the road load mathematical model and the measurement data, and specifically the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out stowage on a test vehicle, and preheating the test vehicle;
continuously sliding a test vehicle on a test road, and collecting measurement data, wherein the measurement data comprises reference speed, time and quality related data;
and calculating the road load according to the road load mathematical model and the measured data.
3. A method of uncertainty assessment of road load measurements according to claim 2, characterized by reference state corrections after calculation of road load from the road load mathematical model and the measurement data.
4. A method of uncertainty assessment of a road load measurement according to claim 1, wherein said uncertainty influencing factors comprise one or more of repeatability measurement errors, time measurement errors, test vehicle speed measurement errors, quality measurement errors, air resistance corrections, wind speed corrections.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, before calculating the relative standard uncertainty of each of the different uncertain influencing factors based on the test data: and selecting a corresponding calculation method according to the uncertain influence factor source to calculate the relative standard uncertainty, wherein the calculation method comprises a first calculation method and a second calculation method.
6. A method of uncertainty assessment of road load measurements according to claim 5, characterized in that said first calculation method comprises the steps of:
calculating an arithmetic mean of the test data;
calculating the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influence factors according to the test data, the arithmetic mean of the test data and the actual measurement times;
and calculating relative standard uncertainty according to the standard uncertainty of the uncertain influencing factors.
7. A method of uncertainty assessment of road load measurements according to claim 5, characterized in that said second calculation method comprises the steps of:
acquiring a measurement data error range from an external data source, and calculating a measurement data error interval;
and judging interval distribution according to the error interval of the measured data, determining an inclusion factor and calculating standard uncertainty.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second calculation method determines a sensitivity factor from the source of uncertainty influence factors for calculating the standard uncertainty before calculating the standard uncertainty.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating a composite standard uncertainty based on the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influencing factors specifically comprises:
calculating the relative standard uncertainty according to the relative standard uncertainties of all uncertain influence factors;
and calculating the uncertainty of the synthesis standard according to the test data and the uncertainty of the synthesis relative standard.
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