CN111596405A - Optical waveguide and laser radar - Google Patents

Optical waveguide and laser radar Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111596405A
CN111596405A CN202010537389.9A CN202010537389A CN111596405A CN 111596405 A CN111596405 A CN 111596405A CN 202010537389 A CN202010537389 A CN 202010537389A CN 111596405 A CN111596405 A CN 111596405A
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China
Prior art keywords
light
core layer
laser
optical waveguide
cladding
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CN202010537389.9A
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CN111596405B (en
Inventor
宋俊峰
陈柏松
李盈祉
李雪妍
郜峰利
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical waveguide, which comprises a core layer and a cladding layer for cladding the core layer; the cladding layer wraps the light outlet of the core layer; in the light-emitting side surface of the cladding, a concave surface is arranged in a region facing a light-emitting port of the core layer, and convex surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the far field in the core layer. The concave surface can play the role of a concave lens, so that the laser with the strongest energy in the laser is dispersed along the transverse direction, and the diffusion angle of the laser in a far field is enlarged; the two convex surfaces can play the role of convex lenses, so that the energy at two sides of the laser far field can be collected to the more corresponding laser far field corners of the concave surfaces, and the energy distribution of the laser far field can be relatively flat in a large angle range. The invention also provides a laser radar which also has the beneficial effects.

Description

Optical waveguide and laser radar
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, in particular to an optical waveguide and a laser radar.
Background
Laser radar is the key part of autopilot car, intelligent transportation, unmanned aerial vehicle, intelligent robot. Lidar is moving from mechanical lidar to all-solid-state lidar, with chip-based optical phased array lidar being the most promising of the solid-state lidar. The optical phased array chip is a core component of the laser radar, and the transverse scanning angle of the optical phased array chip is limited by two reasons, namely spatial arrangement of the optical waveguide array and energy distribution of a single optical waveguide in a spatial far field. At present, the actual transverse scanning angle of the laser radar is only dozens of degrees due to the limitation of the far-field energy distribution of a single optical waveguide space. Therefore, how to increase the far-field energy distribution range of the laser emitted by the optical waveguide is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide having a large angle of far-field energy distribution of emitted laser light; it is another object of the present invention to provide a lidar which emits laser light with a far-field energy distribution having a large angle.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an optical waveguide, including a core layer and a cladding layer covering the core layer; the cladding layer wraps the light outlet of the core layer;
in the light-emitting side surface of the cladding, a concave surface is arranged in a region facing a light-emitting port of the core layer, and convex surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the core layer in the far field.
Optionally, the concave surface is tangent to the adjacent convex surface.
Optionally, the radius of two convex surfaces adjacent to the same concave surface is the same.
Optionally, a connecting line between two ends of the concave surface is parallel to the corresponding light outlet of the core layer.
Optionally, the far-field energy distribution of the laser is uniformly distributed within a preset angle range.
Optionally, the core layer is cylindrical, the expansion direction is parallel to any direction of the surface of the light outlet of the core layer, the concave surface is a spherical depression, and the same convex surface adjacent to the concave surface forms an annular protrusion.
Optionally, the core layer includes a first waveguide region, an optical splitter connected to the first waveguide region, and a plurality of second waveguide regions respectively connected to the optical splitter; any one of the second waveguide regions is provided with the light outlet, and the cladding layer covers all the light outlets; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces, and the concave surfaces correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
Optionally, adjacent concave surfaces share the same convex surface.
Optionally, the light guide plate comprises a plurality of core layers, and the cladding layer covers all light outlets of the core layers; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces, and the concave surfaces correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
The invention also provides a lidar comprising an optical waveguide as defined in any of the preceding claims.
The invention provides an optical waveguide, which comprises a core layer and a cladding layer for cladding the core layer; the cladding layer wraps the light outlet of the core layer; in the light-emitting side surface of the cladding, a concave surface is arranged in a region facing a light-emitting port of the core layer, and convex surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the far field in the core layer. The concave surface can play the role of a concave lens, so that the laser with the strongest energy in the laser is dispersed along the transverse direction, and the diffusion angle of the laser in a far field is enlarged; the two convex surfaces can play the role of convex lenses, so that the energy at two sides of the laser far field can be collected to the more corresponding laser far field corners of the concave surfaces, and the energy distribution of the laser far field can be relatively flat in a large angle range.
The invention also provides a laser radar which also has the beneficial effects, and the description is omitted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art optical waveguide configuration;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a far field energy distribution plot of the emitted laser light of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific core layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a far field energy profile of a laser emitted in the prior art;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another specific optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an optical waveguide according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another specific optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the waveguide structure comprises a core layer, 11 waveguide regions, 111 first waveguide regions, 112 second waveguide regions, 113 optical beam splitters, 114 star beam splitters, 12 tapered regions, 2 cladding layers, 21 concave surfaces and 22 convex surfaces.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide an optical waveguide. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical waveguide in the prior art. In the prior art, the transverse scanning angle of the laser radar is limited by two reasons, namely the spatial arrangement of the optical waveguide array and the energy distribution of a single optical waveguide in a spatial far field. At present, limited by far-field energy distribution of a single optical waveguide space, the half-height width of the single optical waveguide is only 35 degrees, so that the actual transverse scanning angle of the laser radar is greatly limited, and the actual transverse scanning angle of the laser radar is only dozens of degrees.
The optical waveguide provided by the invention comprises a core layer and a cladding layer for cladding the core layer; the cladding layer wraps the light outlet of the core layer; in the light-emitting side surface of the cladding, a concave surface is arranged in a region facing a light-emitting port of the core layer, and convex surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the far field in the core layer. The concave surface can play the role of a concave lens, so that the laser with the strongest energy in the laser is dispersed along the transverse direction, and the diffusion angle of the laser in a far field is enlarged; the two convex surfaces can play the role of convex lenses, so that the energy at two sides of the laser far field can be collected to the more corresponding laser far field corners of the concave surfaces, and the energy distribution of the laser far field can be relatively flat in a large angle range.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a far field energy distribution plot of the emitted laser light of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific core layer according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a diagram of a far field energy profile of a laser emitted in the prior art; fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, an optical waveguide includes a core layer 1 and a clad layer 2 covering the core layer 1; the cladding layer 2 wraps the light outlet of the core layer 1; in the light emergent side surface of the cladding 2, a concave surface 21 is arranged in the region facing the light emergent port of the core layer 1, and convex surfaces 22 are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface 21 along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the core layer 1 in the far field.
The core layer 1, i.e. the optical waveguide, is mainly used for laser, while the cladding layer 2 covers the core layer 1, and the refractive index of the cladding layer 2 is generally required to be lower than that of the core layer 1, so as to ensure that laser can propagate in the optical waveguide. Typically, the optical waveguide also needs to include a substrate that serves primarily to support the entire optical waveguide. While the cladding layer 2 is generally divided into an upper cladding layer and a lower cladding layer, the lower cladding layer is generally disposed on the surface of the substrate, and the core layer 1 is generally located between the lower cladding layer and the upper cladding layer, so that the upper cladding layer and the lower cladding layer can collectively cover the entire core layer 1. For the parameters related to the specific materials of the cladding layer 2 and the core layer 1, reference may be made to the prior art, and further description thereof is omitted here. In this case, the core layer is generally planar, and the laser light propagating in the core layer generally spreads in the lateral direction.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cladding layer 2 needs to cover the light exit of the core layer 1, that is, the cladding layer 2 needs to cover the surface of the light exit of the core layer 1, and the laser emitted from the light exit of the core layer 1 needs to pass through the cladding layer 2 first and then be transmitted to the external space. Accordingly, the cladding layer 2 now has a light exit side surface, i.e. a surface covering the light exit of the core layer 1.
The region of the light exit side surface of the clad layer 2 facing the light exit of the core layer 1 is provided with a concave surface 21, that is, the most energetic part of the laser light emitted from the core layer 1 is emitted into the external space through the concave surface 21. The concave surface 21 provided on the surface of the cladding layer 2 may act like a concave lens, so as to diverge the most energetic portion of the laser light emitted from the core layer 1, thereby effectively increasing the angle of energy distribution of the laser light in the far field.
Referring to fig. 3, convex surfaces 22 are respectively disposed on both sides of the concave surface 21 along the expanding direction, which is the expanding direction of the laser light in the far field in the core layer 1. That is, the convex surfaces 22 are provided on both sides of the concave surface 21 in the far field expansion direction of the laser light, and the edge portion having weak energy of the laser light emitted from the core layer 1 is emitted into the external space through the convex surfaces 22. The convex surface 22 may function as a convex lens to converge a part of the laser light having low energy and located on both sides in the far field of the laser light toward the corner in the far field energy distribution of the laser light emitted from the concave surface 21. Since the energy of the corner in the far-field energy distribution of the laser emitted from the concave surface 21 is usually low, the convex lens can stack the energy of the corner, so that the far-field energy distribution of the laser is relatively flat in a wide angle range. The above-mentioned expanding direction is perpendicular to the direction in which the laser light is emitted, and the laser light expands laterally in the expanding direction when it exits the cladding.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, specific parameters such as the position and radius of the concave surface 21, the position and radius of the convex surface 22, and the like are related to the parameters of the light beam emitted from the core layer 1, such as the divergence angle, the distribution of the light energy, and the like. Accordingly, the specific parameters of the microstructure composed of the concave surface 21 and the convex surface 22 need to be set according to the actual situation, and are not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 4, in particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, the core layer 1 includes a waveguide region 11 and a tapered region 12 that are distributed in sequence along the light transmission direction, and the width of the tapered region 12 decreases in sequence along the light transmission direction. In this case, the end face of the tapered region 12 having the smallest area is the light exit of the entire core layer 1. This is advantageous in spreading the light laterally in space, since the exit opening of the tapered region 12 is relatively small. Referring to fig. 5, the laser emitted from the exit of the tapered region 12 has a half-width of optical field distribution of about 35 ° in the far spatial field, when the microstructure of the cladding layer 2 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is not provided. Accordingly, when the cladding layer 2 microstructure provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided, the full width at half maximum of the optical field distribution is usually about 75 °.
Referring to fig. 6, in particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, the concave surface 21 is tangent to the adjacent convex surface 22. I.e. the distance between the concave 21 and convex 22 surfaces provided on the surface of the cladding 2 is zero. In this case, the top end of the far-field energy distribution of the laser light emitted from the optical waveguide can be made smoother, and the far-field energy distribution of the laser light does not abruptly change due to the distance between the convex surface 22 and the concave surface 21.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the features of the two corners on the left and right of the far-field energy distribution of the laser are substantially equal, it is generally required that the radii of the two convex surfaces 22 adjacent to the same concave surface 21 are the same. Further, in order to ensure that the laser far field energy distribution is symmetrical on the left and right sides, a connecting line between two ends of the concave surface 21 and a light outlet corresponding to the core layer 1 need to be parallel to each other. At this time, the laser far-field energy distribution is generally distributed symmetrically along the normal of the light-exit side surface of the cladding layer 2.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the core layer 1, the concave surface 21 and the convex surface 22 is generally adjusted to ensure that the far-field energy distribution of the laser light emitted from the cladding layer 2 is uniformly distributed within a predetermined angle range. The term "uniform distribution" does not mean that the central section of the far-field energy distribution of the laser, i.e., the angle ranges affected by the concave surface 21 and the convex surface 22, are completely aligned in a straight line, the far-field energy distribution of the laser in the central section is substantially in the same interval, the fluctuation is low, and the fluctuation of the far-field energy distribution is uniform. Specifically, the predetermined angle ranges from-20 ° to 20 °, inclusive. I.e., angles between-20 deg. and 20 deg., inclusive, embodiments of the present invention provide optical waveguides in which the far field energy distribution of the emitted laser light is substantially linear.
The invention provides an optical waveguide, which comprises a core layer 1 and a cladding layer 2 for cladding the core layer 1; the cladding layer 2 wraps the light outlet of the core layer 1; in the light emergent side surface of the cladding 2, a concave surface 21 is arranged in the region facing the light emergent port of the core layer 1, and convex surfaces 22 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the concave surface 21 along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser light in the core layer 1 in the far field. The concave surface 21 can function as a concave lens, so that laser with the highest energy in the laser is dispersed along the transverse direction to enlarge the diffusion angle of the laser in a far field; the two convex surfaces 22 can function as convex lenses, so that energy at two sides of a laser far field can be collected to more corresponding laser far field corners of the concave surface 21, and the laser far field energy distribution can be relatively flat in a large angle range.
The detailed structure of an optical waveguide provided by the present invention will be described in detail in the following embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another specific optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an optical waveguide according to the present invention; fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another specific optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Different from the above embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention further specifically limits the structure of the optical waveguide on the basis of the above embodiment of the invention, and the rest of the contents are described in detail in the above embodiment of the invention and are not described again here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of optical waveguides are specifically provided, each of which can emit a plurality of laser beams, and the far-field energy distribution of each laser beam has a flat region with a large angle.
Referring to fig. 7, firstly, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of core layers 1 are included, and the cladding layer 2 covers all light outlets of the core layers 1; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding 2 is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces 21, and the concave surfaces 21 correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
That is, a plurality of core layers 1 usually form a laser array, the laser array and the light outlet of each core layer 1 are covered by the cladding layer 2, a plurality of concave surfaces 21 are arranged on the light outlet side surface of the cladding layer 2, any one of the concave surfaces 21 and one light outlet correspond to one core layer 1 in the structure, the concave surface 21 is arranged right opposite to the corresponding light outlet, and convex surfaces 22 are respectively arranged on two sides of each concave surface 21 along the extension direction. That is, each of the light outlets corresponds to the microstructure composed of the concave surface 21 and the convex surface 22 provided in the above embodiment of the invention, and the laser emitted from any one of the light outlets passes through the microstructure. The details of the microstructure are described in detail in the above embodiments of the invention, and the details of the structure of the laser array may refer to the prior art, which are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 8, secondly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the core layer 1 includes a first waveguide region 111, an optical splitter 113 connected to the first waveguide region 111, and a plurality of second waveguide regions 112 respectively connected to the optical splitter 113; any one of the second waveguide regions 112 is provided with the light outlet, and the cladding layer 2 covers all the light outlets; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding 2 is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces 21, and the concave surfaces 21 correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
That is, in this structure, by providing the optical splitter 113 to divide one of the waveguide regions 11 into the first waveguide region 111 and the second waveguide region 112, and adding the optical splitter 113 therebetween, reference may be made to the prior art for a specific structure of the optical splitter 113, which is not described herein again. The optical splitter 113 may split the laser light transmitted in the first waveguide region 111 into the plurality of second waveguide regions 112, thereby enabling the plurality of laser lights to be simultaneously emitted out of the optical waveguide. The second waveguide region 112 has a light exit, each light exit is covered by the cladding 2, a plurality of concave surfaces 21 are disposed on the light exit side surface of the cladding 2, any one of the concave surfaces 21 corresponds to one light exit, the concave surface 21 is disposed opposite to the corresponding light exit, and convex surfaces 22 are disposed on two sides of each concave surface 21 along the expansion direction. That is, each of the light outlets corresponds to the microstructure composed of the concave surface 21 and the convex surface 22 provided in the above embodiment of the invention, and the laser emitted from any one of the light outlets passes through the microstructure. The details of the microstructure are described in detail in the above embodiments of the invention, and are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 9, in an embodiment of the present invention, the optical splitter 113 may be a star-shaped splitter 114, in which case, more second waveguide regions 112 may be disposed, so as to achieve simultaneous emission of more laser light. For the specific structure of the optical splitter 113, reference may be made to the prior art, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
Since any of the above structures has a plurality of light outlets, a plurality of concave surfaces 21 are correspondingly disposed on the surface of the cladding 2. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the convex surface 22 may be shared between the adjacent concave surfaces 21 by adjusting the distance between the light outlets. I.e. in the direction of expansion, there will be an alternating arrangement of concave surfaces 21 and convex surfaces 22. At this time, in the far field energy distribution of the laser emitted from the two adjacent light outlets, the laser located at the energy corner is emitted through the same convex surface 22, so that the far field energy distribution of the adjacent laser is overlapped at the corner, and the far field energy distribution of the emitted laser array can be uniformly distributed after being overlapped.
In particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide may be an optical fiber. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the core layer 1 is cylindrical, the expansion direction is any direction parallel to the light exit surface of the core layer 1, the concave surface 21 is a spherical depression, and the convex surface 22 adjacent to the same concave surface 21 forms an annular protrusion. When the optical waveguide is an optical fiber, the core layer 1 is cylindrical, and the laser light emitted from the light outlet of the core layer 1 is not only spread laterally but also spread all around. That is, the laser beam emitted from the cylindrical core layer 1 spreads all around, and the spreading direction of the laser beam spreads along any straight line direction in a plane parallel to the light exit of the core layer 1, that is, the spreading direction is any direction parallel to the surface of the light exit of the core layer 1. At this time, the convex surface 22 corresponding to the same concave surface 21, i.e. the convex surface 22 adjacent to the same concave surface 21, forms an annular protrusion, so as to adjust the far-field energy distribution of the laser. Correspondingly, the concave surface 21 corresponding to the cylindrical core layer 1 is specifically a spherical recess, and the spherical recess is specifically located in the middle of the annular protrusion, and the bottom center of the spherical recess is generally aligned with the cylindrical core layer 1.
The optical waveguide provided by the embodiment of the invention can be provided with a plurality of light outlets, so that the emergent of the laser array is realized; when the adjacent concave surfaces 21 share the same convex surface 22 by adjusting the distance between the light outlets, the far-field energy distribution of the emitted laser arrays can be uniformly distributed after being superposed.
The invention also provides a laser radar which is specifically provided with the optical waveguide provided in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments of the invention, and the optical waveguide is usually arranged at an exit port of the laser radar. For details of the optical waveguide, please refer to the above embodiments of the invention, and for the rest of the structure of the lidar, reference may be made to the prior art, which is not described herein again.
According to the laser radar provided by the embodiment of the invention, the optical waveguide structure can enable the laser far-field energy to be distributed more flatly in a large-angle range, so that the laser radar has a larger measuring angle.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The optical waveguide and the laser radar provided by the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An optical waveguide comprising a core layer and a cladding layer covering said core layer; the cladding layer wraps the light outlet of the core layer;
in the light-emitting side surface of the cladding, a concave surface is arranged in a region facing a light-emitting port of the core layer, and convex surfaces are respectively arranged on two sides of the concave surface along the expansion direction; the expansion direction is the expansion direction of the laser in the core layer in the far field.
2. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the concave surface is tangent to an adjacent convex surface.
3. The optical waveguide of claim 2, wherein the radii of two of said convex surfaces adjacent to the same concave surface are the same.
4. The optical waveguide of claim 3, wherein a line connecting two ends of the concave surface is parallel to the corresponding light outlet of the core layer.
5. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the far field energy distribution of the laser light is uniformly distributed over a predetermined angular range.
6. The optical waveguide of claim 1, wherein the core layer is cylindrical, the expansion direction is parallel to any direction of the surface of the light exit of the core layer, the concave surface is a spherical depression, and a convex surface adjacent to the same concave surface forms an annular protrusion.
7. The optical waveguide of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said core layer comprises a first waveguide section, an optical splitter connected to said first waveguide section, a plurality of second waveguide sections respectively connected to said optical splitter; any one of the second waveguide regions is provided with the light outlet, and the cladding layer covers all the light outlets; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces, and the concave surfaces correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
8. The optical waveguide of claim 7, wherein adjacent concave surfaces share the same convex surface.
9. The optical waveguide of claim 1, comprising a plurality of said core layers, said cladding layers cladding light outlets of all of said core layers; the light-emitting side surface of the cladding is provided with a plurality of concave surfaces, and the concave surfaces correspond to the light-emitting ports one to one.
10. Lidar characterized in that it comprises an optical waveguide according to any of claims 1 to 9.
CN202010537389.9A 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 Optical waveguide and laser radar Active CN111596405B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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