CN111596312B - Device and method for optimally controlling laser emission power of resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar - Google Patents
Device and method for optimally controlling laser emission power of resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN111596312B CN111596312B CN202010547886.7A CN202010547886A CN111596312B CN 111596312 B CN111596312 B CN 111596312B CN 202010547886 A CN202010547886 A CN 202010547886A CN 111596312 B CN111596312 B CN 111596312B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for optimally controlling laser emission power of a resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar0Collecting the output power of the laser radar in clear sky as P0Obtaining a low-altitude reference height Z by using a time-corresponding echo signal0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0(ii) a Reference height Z to be acquired in real time0Upper single pulse photon counting signal PC1And a critical value PC0Comparing, and judging whether the current laser emission power can cause the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or low-efficiency excitation; and outputting a laser emission power control signal according to a judgment result of whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or low-efficiency excitation. The invention can optimize the laser emission power according to different attenuation degrees of the low-altitude atmosphere on the emitted laser under the real-time weather condition, and can realize efficient and accurate metal layer detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser radar atmosphere detection technology, in particular to a device and a method for optimally controlling laser emission power of a resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar.
Background
The resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar is an important means for developing high-rise atmospheric metal layer high-time-space resolution detection. With the progress of laser technology, it is becoming convenient to obtain a high-power and high-performance fluorescent laser radar emission laser source. The detection is carried out by adopting larger laser emission power, so that higher signal-to-noise ratio of echo signals can be obtained, and the research on the rapid change process of the atmospheric metal layer with high space-time resolution is facilitated. However, atmospheric transmittance is the most important uncertainty factor affecting the laser radar echo signal, and the cloud and aerosol existing in low altitude are important sources affecting the atmospheric transmittance. When the low-altitude atmospheric conditions change, the attenuation degree of the laser emission power is different, and the laser power for exciting the high-altitude metal layer also changes, for example, when low-altitude clouds and aerosol are few, the atmospheric transmittance is high, and the excessively high laser emission power easily causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect, so that a larger error is brought to a detection result, and even the result is distorted; when the number of clouds and aerosols in the low altitude is large, the atmospheric transmittance is low, so that the laser power penetrating through the low-level atmosphere to reach the high-altitude metal layer is greatly attenuated, the detection signal-to-noise ratio is reduced, the random error of a detection result is increased, even data is unavailable, and the continuity of the detection result is reduced.
At present, metal layer fluorescence laser radars all adopt constant laser power transmission, when the low latitude has indirect cloud layer and the like, the laser power of the excitation metal layer is reduced, the signal to noise ratio of echo signals is greatly reduced, when stronger single pulse laser transmission energy is adopted, a larger laser divergence angle is needed to avoid the generation of saturation effect, and the large laser divergence angle is adopted to easily enable the transmission and receiving visual fields to be incompletely matched on the premise of not changing the receiving visual field, so that the high altitude or low altitude signal is partially lost, and a larger error is generated on the detection result.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a device for optimally controlling the laser emission power of a resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar.
The invention also aims to provide a method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar, which can control the optimal laser emission power according to different attenuation conditions of low-altitude atmosphere on the laser emission power and can realize efficient and accurate metal layer detection.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a laser emission power optimization control device of a resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar, which comprises a photon counting card, an industrial personal computer, a laser control module and a working laser, wherein the input end of the photon counting card receives a laser radar echo signal on one hand and receives a synchronous time sequence signal output by the laser control module on the other hand, the output end of the photon counting card is connected with the industrial personal computer, so that photon counting data is read in real time and stored on the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer is connected with the input end of the laser control module, the laser control module receives a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer and then outputs a laser power control signal to the working laser, and the laser emission power of the working laser is controlled.
Preferably, the laser control module is composed of a high-performance DSP chip, and is configured to receive a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer, perform digital-to-analog conversion and amplification on the received signal, and output a signal for controlling a working current of the working laser, so as to further control a laser emission power of the working laser.
A method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of a resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the resonant fluorescence excitation saturation laser power threshold P of the detected metal layer0And collecting the laser emission power of the laser radar in clear sky as P0Obtaining the reference height Z of the low altitude without being influenced by the aerosol by the corresponding echo signal0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0；
S2, collecting echo signals of the laser radar during working in real time by using a photon counting card and storing the echo signals into an industrial personal computer, wherein the industrial personal computer collects the echo signals in real time at a reference height Z0Single pulse photon count value PC of1And a critical value PC0Comparing, and judging whether the laser emission power can cause the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition;
and S3, outputting a laser emission power control signal to the laser control module by the industrial personal computer according to the judgment result of whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or the low excitation efficiency in the step S2, and controlling the laser emission power of the working laser in real time.
Further, the reference height Z in step S10And setting the height section to be not influenced by low aerosol scattering and having a high signal-to-noise ratio of a laser radar echo signal in a range of 30-35 km.
Further, the reference height Z is obtained in step S10Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0The calculation method comprises the following steps:
s11, calculating the time of the laser radar collected in the step S1 in clear skyLaser emission power of P0Taking the average photon number of the corresponding echo signal in the height range of 150-160 km as the first background noise N0；
S12, setting the laser emission power of the laser radar collected in the step S1 in clear sky as P0Time-corresponding echo signal minus a first background noise floor N0To subtract the first background noise floor;
s13, calculating the reference height Z of the echo signal after background noise is subtracted0The average value of the single pulse of the photon counting value in the range is the critical value PC0。
Further, the reference height Z acquired in real time is obtained in step S20Upper single pulse photon count value PC1The calculation method comprises the following steps:
s21, calculating the average photon number of the laser radar echo signals obtained in the step S2 in the height range of 150-160 km as a second background noise N1；
S22, subtracting a second background noise floor N from the laser radar echo signal obtained in the step S21To subtract the second background noise floor;
s23, calculating the reference height Z of the laser radar echo signal after the second background noise is deducted0The single pulse average value of the photon count value in the range is PC1。
Further, the method for determining whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or the low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition in step S2 includes: when PC is used1/PC0If the laser emission power is more than 1.1, judging that obvious saturation effect can be generated when the laser emission power excites the high-altitude metal layer after being attenuated by low-level atmosphere; when PC is used1/PC0If the laser emission power is less than 0.7, judging that the risk of generating a saturation effect does not exist when the laser emission power excites the high-altitude metal layer after being attenuated by the low-altitude atmosphere, but the excitation power is lower; when PC is more than or equal to 0.71/PC0When the laser emission power is less than or equal to 1.1, the laser emission power is judged to be attenuated by the lower atmosphere at the moment and then the excitation of the high-altitude metal layer can not generate serious saturation effect, the excitation efficiency is higher, and better echo information can be ensuredThe number detects the signal-to-noise ratio.
Further, the method for outputting the laser emission power control signal in step S3 includes: when PC is used1/PC0> 1.1 or PC1/PC0When the current value is less than 0.7, the industrial personal computer sends an instruction to the laser control module to adjust the control current of the working laser to the PC of the current value0/PC1Doubling; when PC is more than or equal to 0.71/PC0When the output power is less than or equal to 1.1, the industrial personal computer does not output a laser emission power control signal and maintains the output power of the current working laser unchanged.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the metal layer laser radar can work under the optimal laser emission power according to the real-time change of the low-altitude atmospheric environment, a higher detection signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained, the continuity of observation data is improved, and meanwhile, the error of the metal layer saturation effect on detection is avoided;
(2) by adopting the dynamic control of the laser emission power, the laser can be prevented from working under larger power consumption for a long time, the service life of the laser is prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced;
(3) the laser radar system is improved on the existing laser radar system, and is simple and convenient to realize and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the laser radar echo signal with the altitude and the selected reference altitude and background noise range in the control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
In order to efficiently and accurately detect the atmospheric metal layer, the laser emission power needs to be optimally adjusted according to the low-altitude atmospheric condition, the emission power is properly increased and the signal-to-noise ratio of a detection signal is improved under the condition that the laser emission power is greatly attenuated due to more low-altitude clouds and aerosol, and the emission power is properly reduced under the condition that the low-altitude clouds and aerosol are less and the laser emission power is less attenuated, so that the saturation effect caused by the fluorescence excitation of the metal layer is avoided.
As shown in figure 1, the laser emission power optimization control device of the resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar of the invention comprises a photon counting card 1, an industrial personal computer 2, a laser control module 3 and a working laser 4, the input end of the photon counting card 1 receives a laser radar echo signal 5 on one hand and receives a synchronous time sequence signal output by the laser control module 3 on the other hand, the output end of the photon counting card 1 is connected with the industrial personal computer 2, so that photon counting data can be read in real time and stored on the industrial personal computer 2, low-altitude single-pulse photon counting threshold value setting can be carried out on the industrial personal computer 2, the industrial personal computer 2 is connected with the input end of the laser control module 3, the laser control module 3 receives a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer, and outputting a laser power control signal to the working laser 4 according to the laser power optimization adjusting method, and controlling the laser emission power of the working laser 4. The laser control module 3 is composed of a high-performance DSP chip and is used for receiving a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer 2, performing digital-to-analog conversion and amplification on the received signal, outputting a signal for controlling the working current of the working laser 4 and realizing the control of the laser emission power of the working laser 4.
The optimal control method for the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar is realized by controlling the laser emission power of a working laser 4 through a laser control module 3, controls the optimal laser emission power according to the low-altitude atmospheric conditions, and can realize efficient and accurate metal layer detection, and comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the resonant fluorescence excitation saturation laser power threshold P of the detected metal layer0And collecting the laser emission power P of the laser radar in clear sky by using a photon counting card0Storing the corresponding echo signals to an industrial personal computer in real time to obtain the low-altitude reference height Z0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0；
The curve in FIG. 2 shows the laser radar echo signals in the height range of 0-180km, and the signals below 30km comprise the Mie scattering echo signals caused by the interaction of laser and low aerosol, dust and the like and the laser-excited atmospheric molecule productionThe generated Rayleigh scattering echo signals are mainly Rayleigh scattering echo signals generated by exciting atmospheric molecules by laser in a height range of 30-78km, the signal intensity is attenuated along with the height, the signals in the height range of 78-130km are mainly resonance fluorescence echo signals generated by exciting a metal layer by the laser, and more than 130km are mainly background noise signals; reference height Z0Setting a height section which is not influenced by low aerosol scattering and has a high signal-to-noise ratio of a laser radar echo signal to be 30-35 km, as shown in figure 2; resonant fluorescence excitation saturation laser power threshold P of detected metal layer0Can be obtained by calculation through the industrial personal computer 2; laser emission power P0The method is realized by the industrial personal computer 2 sending an instruction to the laser control device 3 to control the working laser 4; low altitude reference height Z0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0The echo signals are collected by a photon counting card and then transmitted to an industrial personal computer 3 to be obtained by calculation, and a PC is obtained0The calculation steps are as follows:
s11, calculating the laser emission power P of the laser radar in clear sky collected in the step S10Taking the average photon number of the echo signal in the height range of 150-160 km as the first background noise N0；
S12, setting the laser emission power of the laser radar collected in the step S1 in clear sky as P0Time-corresponding echo signal minus a first background noise floor N0To subtract the first background noise floor;
s13, calculating the reference height Z of the echo signal after background noise is subtracted0The average value of the single pulse of the photon counting value in the range is the critical value PC0。
S2, collecting the laser radar echo signal in real time by using a photon counting card and storing the laser radar echo signal in an industrial personal computer, wherein the industrial personal computer enables the echo signal to be at a reference height Z0Single pulse photon count value PC of1And a critical value PC0And comparing to judge whether the laser emission power can cause the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition.
Obtaining a reference height Z acquired in real time0Upper single pulse photon counting signal PC1Meter (2)The calculation steps are as follows:
s21, calculating the average photon number of the laser radar echo signals obtained in the step S2 in the height range of 150-160 km as a second background noise N1；
S22, subtracting the second background noise N from the laser radar echo signal obtained in the step S21To subtract the second background noise floor;
s23, calculating the reference height Z of the echo signal after the second background noise background is deducted0The single pulse average value of the photon count value in the range is PC1。
The method for judging whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or the low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition comprises the following steps: when the PC1/PC0 is more than 1.1, the laser emission power is judged to generate a remarkable saturation effect when the high-altitude metal layer is excited after being attenuated by low-altitude atmosphere; when the PC1/PC0 is less than 0.7, the risk of generating an obvious saturation effect is judged not to exist when the laser emission power excites the high-altitude metal layer after being attenuated by low-altitude atmosphere, and the excitation power is lower; when the ratio of PC1/PC0 is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 1.1, the laser emission power is judged to be attenuated by low-level atmosphere and then excite the high-altitude metal layer to avoid serious saturation effect, the excitation efficiency is high, and a good echo signal detection signal-to-noise ratio can be ensured.
And S3, outputting a laser emission power control signal to the laser control module by the industrial personal computer according to the judgment result of whether the laser emission power of the step S2 generates the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or lower excitation efficiency. The method for outputting the laser emission power control signal comprises the following steps: when the PC1/PC0 is more than 1.1 or the PC1/PC0 is less than 0.7, the computer sends an instruction to the laser control module, the laser control current is adjusted to be PC0/PC1 times of the current value (when the PC0/PC1 is less than 1, the current is reduced, the laser emission power is reduced, and the serious metal layer saturation effect is avoided, otherwise, when the PC0/PC1 is more than 1, the current is increased, the laser emission power is increased, the fluorescence excitation efficiency is improved, when the PC1/PC0 is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 1.1, the laser emission power control signal is not output, and the current laser output power is kept unchanged.
And outputting a control signal to dynamically control the output power of the working laser by acquiring a low-altitude single-pulse echo photon counting signal in real time and comparing the signal with a critical value.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of a resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining the resonant fluorescence excitation saturation laser power threshold P of the detected metal layer0And collecting the laser emission power P of the laser radar in clear sky by using a photon counting card0The corresponding echo signals are stored in an industrial personal computer in real time to obtain the reference height Z of the low altitude which is not influenced by aerosol0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0；
Obtaining a reference height Z0Upper monopulse photon count signal threshold PC0The calculation method comprises the following steps:
s11, calculating the laser emission power P of the laser radar in clear sky collected in the step S10Taking the average photon number of the corresponding echo signal in the height range of 150-160 km as the first background noise N0；
S12, setting the laser emission power of the laser radar collected in the step S1 in clear sky as P0Time-corresponding echo signal minus a first background noise floor N0To subtract the first background noise floor;
s13, calculating the reference height Z of the echo signal after background noise is subtracted0The average value of the single pulse of the photon counting value in the range is the critical value PC0；
S2, collecting the laser radar echo signal in real time by using a photon counting card and storing the laser radar echo signal in an industrial personal computer, wherein the industrial personal computer enables the echo signal to be at a reference height Z0Single pulse photon count value PC of1And a critical value PC0Comparing, and judging whether the laser emission power can cause the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition;
obtaining a reference height Z acquired in real time0Upper single pulse photon count value PC1The calculation method comprises the following steps:
s21, calculating the average photon number of the laser radar echo signals obtained in the step S2 in the height range of 150-160 km as a second background noise N1；
S22, subtracting the second background noise N from the laser radar echo signal obtained in the step S21To subtract the second background noise floor;
s23, calculating the reference height Z of the echo signal after the second background noise background is deducted0The single pulse average value of the photon count value in the range is PC1；
And S3, outputting a laser emission power control signal to the laser control module by the industrial personal computer according to the judgment result of whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or the low excitation efficiency in the step S2, and controlling the laser emission power of the working laser in real time.
2. The method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering lidar according to claim 1, wherein the reference height Z in step S10And setting the height section to be not influenced by low aerosol scattering and having a high signal-to-noise ratio of a laser radar echo signal in a range of 30-35 km.
3. The method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering lidar according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 for determining whether the laser emission power causes the metal layer fluorescence excitation saturation effect or the low excitation efficiency under the current weather condition comprises the following steps: when PC is used1/PC0If the laser emission power is more than 1.1, judging that obvious saturation effect can be generated when the laser emission power excites the high-altitude metal layer after being attenuated by low-level atmosphere; when PC is used1/PC0If the laser emission power is less than 0.7, judging that the risk of generating a saturation effect does not exist when the laser emission power excites the high-altitude metal layer after being attenuated by the low-altitude atmosphere, but the excitation power is lower; when PC is more than or equal to 0.71/PC0When the echo is less than or equal to 1.1, the laser emission power is judged to be attenuated by the lower atmosphere at the moment and then the high-altitude metal layer is excited without generating serious saturation effect, the excitation efficiency is higher, and better echo can be ensuredThe signal detection signal-to-noise ratio.
4. The method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering lidar according to claim 1, wherein the method for outputting the laser emission power control signal in step S3 comprises: when PC is used1/PC0> 1.1 or PC1/PC0When the current value is less than 0.7, the industrial personal computer sends an instruction to the laser control module to adjust the control current of the working laser to the PC of the current value0/PC1Doubling; when PC is more than or equal to 0.71/PC0When the output power is less than or equal to 1.1, the industrial personal computer does not output a laser emission power control signal and maintains the output power of the current working laser unchanged.
5. The method for optimally controlling the laser emission power of the resonant fluorescence scattering laser radar according to claim 1, wherein a control device adopted by the method comprises a photon counting card (1), an industrial personal computer (2), a laser control module (3) and a working laser (4), wherein the input end of the photon counting card (1) receives a laser radar echo signal on one hand and receives a synchronous time sequence signal output by the laser control module (3) on the other hand, the output end of the photon counting card (1) is connected with the industrial personal computer (2) so that photon counting data can be read in real time and stored on the industrial personal computer (2), the industrial personal computer (2) is connected with the input end of the laser control module (3), the laser control module (3) receives a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer (2) and then outputs a laser power control signal to the working laser (4), the laser emission power of the working laser (4) is controlled.
6. The laser emission power optimization control method of the resonance fluorescence scattering laser radar according to claim 5, wherein the laser control module (3) is composed of a high-performance DSP chip, and is used for receiving a control signal sent by the industrial personal computer (2), performing digital-to-analog conversion and amplification on the received signal, outputting a signal for controlling the working current of the working laser (4), and further controlling the laser emission power of the working laser (4).
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