CN111595264A - Method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand core - Google Patents
Method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand core Download PDFInfo
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- CN111595264A CN111595264A CN202010478116.1A CN202010478116A CN111595264A CN 111595264 A CN111595264 A CN 111595264A CN 202010478116 A CN202010478116 A CN 202010478116A CN 111595264 A CN111595264 A CN 111595264A
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- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for digitally and rapidly detecting and analyzing a sand core, which comprises the steps of scanning a mould by using a scanner to obtain scanning point cloud, processing and closing the mould scanning point cloud, extracting cavity point cloud, inputting the cavity point cloud and a process 3D model, setting a tolerance color scale chart and a curved surface comparison, and testing and reviewing, and can intuitively analyze whether a cavity is consistent with the process model, so that the problem that the mould lacks a shape surface in the processing process is solved. The method can rapidly and directly analyze whether the sand core has the wrong edge and the sand core burrs, thereby improving the quality of the sand core, meeting the requirement of no repairing burrs and improving the production efficiency. Meanwhile, as long as the comparison result is consistent with the process 3D model, the problems of core assembly interference and tool and other auxiliary tool interference in core shooting and core assembly can be avoided, and therefore the phenomena of core assembly and sand core scraping change are rapidly and accurately solved. The method of the invention can reduce the cost and cast qualified castings at one time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of casting, in particular to a method for digitally and rapidly detecting and analyzing a sand core.
Background
Sand cores, also known as "sand cores". The sand mold component is used for combination by a sand core component in casting, and a casting finished product blank is obtained by coating, closing a mold, pouring, cleaning and finally. Sand cores for casting are generally obtained by injection molding through a mold. And when the mould is designed and manufactured, in order to ensure that the shape and the surface of the cavity of the mould are consistent with the shape and the surface of the sand core three-dimensional model designed by the casting process: the die is required to be subjected to die blank casting, die programming and assembling, and finally the die is subjected to qualified delivery test.
At present, domestic mould manufacturers often use detection methods such as vernier cards, three-coordinate systems and articulated arms when moulds are manufactured, can not effectively detect whether a mould cavity and a technological sand core shape surface have consistency, and mainly have the defects of 1, inaccurate curved surface measurement and insufficient intuitive analysis on the local detection of the mould with complex shape surface and large curvature change, and some shape surfaces can not be visually detected. 2. The position degree deviation of the core head position and the like are not directly analyzed and judged enough, the sand core interference clamp or other auxiliary tools are easy to appear when the core is assembled for the cast sand core, the sand core needs to be temporarily scraped and changed to assemble the core when the core is assembled for the sand core, and the casting assembly progress is seriously influenced. 3. Whether the mold design, the manufacture and the process model are consistent or not is detected in the detection process by using the conventional method, whether the mold design, the manufacture and the process three-dimensional model are arranged consistently or not is detected, and in severe cases, the robot cannot take core sand, and even the sand core is broken and scrapped.
At present, the requirement of the sand core is high, and the sand core has no staggered edge and is free from flash repair. The upper and lower modules must detect whether the edge of the sand core is turned over or not through the die assembly or whether the die assembly gap is too large. The traditional detection method cannot detect the misalignment and the mold closing gap. Meanwhile, local detection on a mould with a complex shape surface and large curvature change is not in place, and the measurement of the curved surface is not accurate; whether the arrangement of the sand core meets the casting process requirements or not can not be directly detected, particularly, the position degree deviation of the core head position and the like are not visual enough, and sand interference fixtures or other auxiliary tools are easy to occur during sand shooting and core assembling.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for digitally and rapidly detecting and analyzing a sand core, aiming at the difficult problems that the rear ends of an upper thrust shoe and a lower thrust shoe of an engine assembled by the existing engine are not on the same plane, and the assembling precision of a crankshaft and the thrust shoes is high.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1. a method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand cores is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: scanning a scanner mould to obtain scanning point cloud, scanning the mould by using a laser scanner, pasting a photosite on the surface before scanning the mould, wherein the photosite is a main reference point for enabling the laser scanner to automatically rotate back to an absolute coordinate, and then spraying a layer of thin developer on the surface of the mould to enable the laser to better identify the contour surface of the casting; scanning the mould, collecting point clouds obtained by scanning the mould, deleting redundant scattered point clouds through optimization, fitting the external scanning point clouds and the internal scanning point clouds together to form upper module point clouds, and scanning the point clouds of a lower module by the same method;
s2: scanning point cloud processing and die assembly of a die, opening Gom inspection comparison software in a computer, firstly inputting an upper module point cloud stl format into a three-dimensional working surface in the Gom inspection comparison software, then inputting an upper module 3D model stp format, converting a 3D model of the die into the stp format by an output method in UG software before inputting the 3D model, and storing the stp format for later use. Firstly establishing the plane characteristic of a 3D model and the characteristic of a circle established by three pins through scanning software, then establishing the plane characteristic of a module point cloud and the characteristic of three pin circles, finally fitting an upper module point cloud and an upper module 3D model through a characteristic fitting function, fitting a lower module by using the method, outputting the stl format of the upper module point cloud again through an output function in Gom aspect comparison software and storing the stl format after the fitting of the upper module is completed, outputting the stl format of the lower module point cloud by using the same method, newly establishing a working page of the comparison software, and inputting the upper and lower module point clouds led out into the comparison software again. Automatically combining the combination functions in the comparison software, and reversing the curved surface of the model by using the reversing function in the software after the upper module and the lower module are combined into a whole;
s3: extracting and inputting cavity point clouds and a process 3D model, utilizing a cutting and scraping function in Gom aspect comparison software to cut and scrape the combined model point clouds, firstly, respectively scraping A, B cavities to store as an A cavity and a B cavity, opening a working interface of the Gom aspect comparison software, selecting a function key for opening a folder to open a file in a storage disc, firstly, selecting a point cloud file in the A cavity to input into the working interface of the comparison software, then, inputting the 3D process model by the same method, and then utilizing an optimal fitting and aligning function in the Gom aspect comparison software to perform fitting and aligning on the point clouds in the A cavity and the process 3D model;
s4: setting tolerance color scale graph and curved surface comparison, using comparison detection function in Gom inspection comparison software to make comparison operation of point cloud of A cavity and process 3D model, displaying the point cloud and three-dimensional model with different distances and different colors, then according to the tolerance set by casting process establishing color graph, setting upper and lower deviation maximum values according to the tolerance value, scale, dividing scale according to the value of 0.02mm per small grid, at the same time obtaining color graph of point cloud and process model comparison, using size marking function in GomInspect comparison software to obtain three-dimensional color graph after curved surface comparison, in the three-dimensional comparison color graph, clicking some point on the curved surface to be analyzed to display the maximum deviation value or minimum deviation value of the point, through curved surface comparison analysis and size deviation marking, finally detecting report, and forming report page, A directory page and a report content page;
s5: after the core box is compared and detected with the process sand core by the method, the core box is pulled to a casting site for testing after meeting the drawing requirement, the effect of the repair-free sand core such as whether the sand core is full, whether the sand core has a wrong edge, whether the sand core has a flash and the like is observed, the cast blank is sent to an anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being cleaned, then sent to a quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by related technical personnel, the next round of improvement or small batch production trial production is determined, if the improvement is needed, the cast blank is sent to the anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being mechanically processed into a finished product, then sent to the quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by the related technical personnel, and finally sent to batch production after being qualified by an evaluation group.
Further, the pasting distance between the photosensitive points is 80mm-120 mm.
Further, the laser scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner or a portable scanner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the method for extracting the point cloud of the cavity and obtaining the comparison between the point cloud of the cavity and the process sand core can visually analyze whether the cavity is consistent with the process model or not, thereby solving the problem that the mold lacks a shape surface in the processing process. The method can rapidly and directly analyze whether the sand core has the wrong edge and the sand core burrs, thereby improving the quality of the sand core, meeting the requirement of no repairing burrs and improving the production efficiency. Meanwhile, as long as the comparison result is consistent with the process 3D model, the problems of core assembly interference and tool and other auxiliary tool interference in core shooting and core assembly can be avoided, and therefore the phenomena of core assembly and sand core scraping change are rapidly and accurately solved. The method of the invention can reduce the cost and cast qualified castings at one time.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand core is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: scanning a scanner mould to obtain scanning point cloud, scanning the mould by using a laser scanner, pasting a photosite on the surface before scanning the mould, wherein the photosite is a main reference point for enabling the laser scanner to automatically rotate back to an absolute coordinate, and then spraying a layer of thin developer on the surface of the mould to enable the laser to better identify the contour surface of the casting; scanning the mould, collecting point clouds obtained by scanning the mould, deleting redundant scattered point clouds through optimization, fitting the external scanning point clouds and the internal scanning point clouds together to form upper module point clouds, and scanning the point clouds of a lower module by the same method;
s2: scanning point cloud processing and die assembly of a die, opening Gom inspection comparison software in a computer, firstly inputting an upper module point cloud stl format into a three-dimensional working surface in the Gom inspection comparison software, then inputting an upper module 3D model stp format, converting a 3D model of the die into the stp format by an output method in UG software before inputting the 3D model, and storing the stp format for later use. Firstly establishing the plane characteristic of a 3D model and the characteristic of a circle established by three pins through scanning software, then establishing the plane characteristic of a module point cloud and the characteristic of three pin circles, finally fitting an upper module point cloud and an upper module 3D model through a characteristic fitting function, fitting a lower module by using the method, outputting the stl format of the upper module point cloud again through an output function in Gom aspect comparison software and storing the stl format after the fitting of the upper module is completed, outputting the stl format of the lower module point cloud by using the same method, newly establishing a working page of the comparison software, and inputting the upper and lower module point clouds led out into the comparison software again. Automatically combining the combination functions in the comparison software, and reversing the curved surface of the model by using the reversing function in the software after the upper module and the lower module are combined into a whole;
s3: extracting and inputting cavity point clouds and a process 3D model, utilizing a cutting and scraping function in Gom aspect comparison software to cut and scrape the combined model point clouds, firstly, respectively scraping A, B cavities to store as an A cavity and a B cavity, opening a working interface of the Gom aspect comparison software, selecting a function key for opening a folder to open a file in a storage disc, firstly, selecting a point cloud file in the A cavity to input into the working interface of the comparison software, then, inputting the 3D process model by the same method, and then utilizing an optimal fitting and aligning function in the Gom aspect comparison software to perform fitting and aligning on the point clouds in the A cavity and the process 3D model;
s4: setting tolerance color scale graph and curved surface comparison, using comparison detection function in Gom inspection comparison software to make comparison operation of point cloud of A cavity and process 3D model, displaying the point cloud and three-dimensional model with different distances and different colors, then according to the tolerance set by casting process establishing color graph, setting upper and lower deviation maximum values according to the tolerance value, scale, dividing scale according to the value of 0.02mm per small grid, at the same time obtaining color graph of point cloud and process model comparison, using size marking function in GomInspect comparison software to obtain three-dimensional color graph after curved surface comparison, in the three-dimensional comparison color graph, clicking some point on the curved surface to be analyzed to display the maximum deviation value or minimum deviation value of the point, through curved surface comparison analysis and size deviation marking, finally detecting report, and forming report page, A directory page and a report content page;
s5: after the core box is compared and detected with the process sand core by the method, the core box is pulled to a casting site for testing after meeting the drawing requirement, the effect of the repair-free sand core such as whether the sand core is full, whether the sand core has a wrong edge, whether the sand core has a flash and the like is observed, the cast blank is sent to an anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being cleaned, then sent to a quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by related technical personnel, the next round of improvement or small batch production trial production is determined, if the improvement is needed, the cast blank is sent to the anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being mechanically processed into a finished product, then sent to the quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by the related technical personnel, and finally sent to batch production after being qualified by an evaluation group.
Further, the pasting distance between the photosensitive points is 80mm-120 mm.
Further, the laser scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner or a portable scanner.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand cores is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: scanning a mould by using a scanner to obtain scanning point cloud, scanning the mould by using a laser scanner, before scanning the mould, firstly pasting a photosite on the surface, wherein the photosite is a main reference point for enabling the laser scanner to automatically rotate back to an absolute coordinate, and then spraying a layer of thin developer on the surface of the mould to enable the laser to better identify the contour surface of a casting; scanning the mould, collecting point clouds obtained by scanning the mould, deleting redundant scattered point clouds through optimization, fitting the external scanning point clouds and the internal scanning point clouds together to form upper module point clouds, and scanning the point clouds of a lower module by the same method;
s2: scanning point cloud processing and die assembly of a die, opening Gom inspection comparison software in a computer, firstly inputting an upper module point cloud stl format into a three-dimensional working surface in the Gom inspection comparison software, then inputting an upper module 3D model stp format, converting a 3D model of the die into the stp format by an output method through UG software before inputting the 3D model, and storing the stp format for later use. Firstly establishing the plane characteristic of a 3D model and the characteristic of a circle established by three pins through scanning software, then establishing the plane characteristic of a module point cloud and the characteristic of three pin circles, finally fitting an upper module point cloud and an upper module 3D model through a characteristic fitting function, fitting a lower module by using the method, outputting the stl format of the upper module point cloud again through an output function in Gom aspect comparison software and storing the stl format after the fitting of the upper module is completed, outputting the stl format of the lower module point cloud by using the same method, newly establishing a working page of the comparison software, and inputting the upper and lower module point clouds led out into the comparison software again. Automatically combining the combination functions in the comparison software, and reversing the curved surface of the model by using the reversing function in the software after the upper module and the lower module are combined into a whole;
s3: extracting and inputting cavity point clouds and a process 3D model, utilizing a cutting and scraping function in Gom aspect comparison software to cut and scrape the combined model point clouds, firstly, respectively scraping A, B cavities to store as an A cavity and a B cavity, opening a working interface of GomInsect comparison software, selecting a function key for opening a folder to open a file in a storage disc, firstly, selecting a point cloud file in the A cavity to input into the working interface of the comparison software, then, inputting the 3D process model by the same method, and then utilizing an optimal fitting and aligning function in the Gom aspect comparison software to perform fitting and aligning on the point clouds in the A cavity and the process 3D model;
s4: setting tolerance color scale graph and curved surface comparison, using comparison detection function in GomInspect comparison software to make comparison operation of point cloud of A cavity and process 3D model, displaying the point cloud and three-dimensional model with different distances and different colors, then according to the tolerance set by casting process establishing color graph, setting upper and lower deviation maximum values according to the tolerance value, scale, dividing scale according to the value of 0.02mm per small grid, at the same time obtaining point cloud and process model compared color graph, using size marking function in Gom Inspect comparison software to make three-dimensional color graph obtained by curved surface comparison, in the three-dimensional compared color graph, clicking some point on the curved surface to be analyzed to display the maximum deviation value or minimum deviation value of said point, making curved surface comparison analysis and size deviation value marking, finally making detection report, and making up report page, A directory page and a report content page;
s5: after the core box is compared and detected with the process sand core by the method, the core box is pulled to a casting site for testing after meeting the drawing requirement, the effect of the repair-free sand core such as whether the sand core is full, whether the sand core has a wrong edge, whether the sand core has a flash and the like is observed, the cast blank is sent to an anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being cleaned, then sent to a quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by related technical personnel, the next round of improvement or small batch production trial production is determined, if the improvement is needed, the cast blank is sent to the anatomical room for slicing and dissection according to the anatomical specification of the casting process after being mechanically processed into a finished product, then sent to the quality part for detecting the wall thickness, finally evaluated by the related technical personnel, and finally sent to batch production after being qualified by an evaluation group.
2. The method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand cores according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pasting distance between the photosites is 80mm-120 mm.
3. The method for digital rapid detection and analysis of sand cores according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the laser scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner or a portable scanner.
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| CN113523185A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Detection method for density of sand mold/sand core in ink-jet 3D printing |
| CN117392771A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-01-12 | 安徽永茂泰汽车零部件有限公司 | Monitoring alarm system and method for sand core placement robot |
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