CN111593583A - 一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺 - Google Patents
一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,包括(1)处理液预浸泡、(2)水洗、(3)微生物初染色、(4)紫外辐照、(5)二次染色、(6)二次水洗等工艺,本改良工艺条件温和,工艺绿色环保,处理时间短,上色牢固不易脱色。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料染色领域,尤其涉及一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺。
技术背景
高阻燃纤维面料,可以用作建筑膜结构工程材料,如公园广场景观装饰;奥体中心、会展中心、航空航站楼、铁路交通候车室等膜结构膜材;军车、军舰、军事武器等防护罩;游乐场、皮划艇等水上工具汽膜;部队野外宿营及民政救灾帐篷;大型体育馆(场)看台、站台遮阳防雨棚;物流运输类的集装箱内胆、橡胶轮胎强筋布等,应用十分广泛,在这些户外的应用中,除了要求高阻燃纤维面料本身的阻燃性以及高机械强度之外,对于高阻燃纤维面料本身的染色性能也提出了更高的要求,要求其在严苛的户外环境中保持颜色鲜艳,不轻易褪色,氧化或者老化,但是由于高阻燃纤维面料的结晶度高,大分子排列整齐、密实、缝隙空间较少,分子之间各个基团的结合力相互饱和,纤维溶涨困难,变形小,染色时染料渗透困难,上染率低,严重制约了高阻燃纤维面料的进一步发展和应用。
发明内容
针对上述不足,本发明提供一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)处理液预浸泡:
将高阻燃纤维面料浸入60-75℃的预处理液中,在浸泡的同时进行特定功率的超声波处理15-30min;
(2)水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料浸入清水中彻底洗去处理液;
(3)微生物初染色:将包含产色素微生物的液体培养基经过过滤除去培养基和菌体,获得微生物染色液,对高阻燃纤维面料进行初染色;
(4)紫外辐照:将上述高阻燃纤维面料放在强紫外下照射;
(5)二次染色:将染料加入染缸中,当温度升至40~45℃后,调节PH至11-12之间,加入上述高阻燃纤维面料进行染色,染色时间30-45min。
(6)二次水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料从染缸中取出,水洗去除没有染上面料的废液,再皂洗去除高阻燃纤维面料表面的污迹,再用水漂洗后脱水、阴干。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述预处理液,按质量分数包含以下成分:
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述超声波的功率与所述高阻燃纤维面料的面积成正比,优选为0.3-0.6W/cm2。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述产色素微生物选自天蓝色链霉菌、红曲霉等天然产色素菌或产色素的基因工程菌。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述产色素微生物为天蓝色链霉菌。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述微生物初染色的染色时间为3-6h,温度为37℃。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述强紫外下照射的照射强度为30-60mW/cm2,时间为10-20min。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述染料为植物染料或者人造染料。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,所述染料为Terasil W系列分散染料。
进一步的,上述一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺在建筑膜结构工程材料中的应用。
根据上述技术方案,本发明具有如下有益效果,本发明对传统的高阻燃纤维面料的染色工艺进行改良,克服高阻燃纤维面料的结晶度高,大分子排列整齐、密实、缝隙空间较少,分子之间各个基团的结合力相互饱和,纤维溶涨困难,变形小,染色时染料渗透困难,上染率低的缺点,用生物酶在超声下打开纤维表面的空隙,随后用微生物色素进行初步染色,填充进纤维空隙中,随后用高强度紫外线照射进一步的打开纤维空隙,正式染色时染料将空隙中的微生物色素置换出来,并在碱性条件下使得染料牢固结合在纤维上。最终本发明制得的高阻燃纤维面料染色效果好,染色牢度大,力学性能好。
具体实施方式
下面将通过几个具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,这些实施例只是为了说明问题,并不是一种限制。
实施例1
将高阻燃纤维面料浸入60℃的预处理液中,在浸泡的同时以0.3W/cm2的功率的超声波处理15min;
(2)水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料浸入清水中彻底洗去处理液;
(3)微生物初染色:将包含产色素微生物的液体培养基经过过滤除去培养基和菌体,获得微生物染色液,对高阻燃纤维面料进行初染色;
(4)紫外辐照:将上述全棉阻燃面料放在强紫外下照射;
(5)二次染色:将染料加入染缸中,当温度升至40℃后,调节PH至11,加入上述高阻燃纤维面料进行染色,染色时间30min。
(6)二次水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料从染缸中取出,水洗去除没有染上面料的废液,再皂洗去除高阻燃纤维面料表面的污迹,再用水漂洗后脱水、阴干;
所述预处理液,按质量分数包含以下成分:
所述产色素微生物为红曲霉菌;
所述微生物初染色的染色时间为3h,温度为37℃;
所述强紫外下照射的照射强度为30mW/cm2,时间为10min;
所述染料为植物染料靛蓝;
所述高阻燃纤维面料为全棉阻燃面料。
实施例2
将高阻燃纤维面料浸入67℃的预处理液中,在浸泡的同时以0.45W/cm2的功率的超声波处理20min;
(2)水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料浸入清水中彻底洗去处理液;
(3)微生物初染色:将包含产色素微生物的液体培养基经过过滤除去培养基和菌体,获得微生物染色液,对高阻燃纤维面料进行初染色;
(4)紫外辐照:将上述全棉阻燃面料放在强紫外下照射;
(5)二次染色:将染料加入染缸中,当温度升至42℃后,调节PH至11.5,加入上述高阻燃纤维面料进行染色,染色时间40min。
(6)二次水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料从染缸中取出,水洗去除没有染上面料的废液,再皂洗去除高阻燃纤维面料表面的污迹,再用水漂洗后脱水、阴干;
所述预处理液,按质量分数包含以下成分:
所述产色素微生物为天蓝色链霉菌;
所述微生物初染色的染色时间为4.5h,温度为37℃;
所述强紫外下照射的照射强度为45mW/cm2,时间为15min;
所述染料为Terasil W系列分散染料。
所述高阻燃纤维面料为全棉阻燃面料。
实施例3
将高阻燃纤维面料浸入75℃的预处理液中,在浸泡的同时以0.6W/cm2的功率的超声波处理30min;
(2)水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料浸入清水中彻底洗去处理液;
(3)微生物初染色:将包含产色素微生物的液体培养基经过过滤除去培养基和菌体,获得微生物染色液,对高阻燃纤维面料进行初染色;
(4)紫外辐照:将上述全棉阻燃面料放在强紫外下照射;
(5)二次染色:将染料加入染缸中,当温度升至45℃后,调节PH至12,加入上述高阻燃纤维面料进行染色,染色时间45min。
(6)二次水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料从染缸中取出,水洗去除没有染上面料的废液,再皂洗去除高阻燃纤维面料表面的污迹,再用水漂洗后脱水、阴干;
所述预处理液,按质量分数包含以下成分:
所述产色素微生物为天蓝色链霉菌;
所述微生物初染色的染色时间为6h,温度为37℃;
所述强紫外下照射的照射强度为60mW/cm2,时间为20min;
所述染料为Terasil W系列分散染料。
所述高阻燃纤维面料为全棉阻燃面料。
实施例4
测试例
将实施例1-3染色所得的全棉阻燃面料,与市售全棉阻燃面料对比测试,其他条件相同,结果如表1所示。
表1测试结果
性能 | 染色效果 | 染色牢度 | 力学性能 |
实施例1 | ++++ | ++++ | +++++ |
实施例2 | +++++ | +++++ | +++++ |
实施例3 | ++++ | +++++ | +++++ |
对比例 | +++ | ++++ | ++++ |
注:“+”越多,说明性能越好。
对以上实验数据分析可知,实施例1-3中采用本发明所述的上色工艺制得的高阻燃面料,染色效果好,染色牢度大,力学性能好。值得广泛应用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)处理液预浸泡:
将高阻燃纤维面料浸入60-75℃的预处理液中,在浸泡的同时进行特定功率的超声波处理15-30min;
(2)水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料浸入清水中彻底洗去处理液;
(3)微生物初染色:将包含产色素微生物的液体培养基经过过滤除去培养基和菌体,获得微生物染色液,对高阻燃纤维面料进行初染色;
(4)紫外辐照:将上述高阻燃纤维面料放在强紫外下照射;
(5)二次染色:将染料加入染缸中,当温度升至40~45℃后,调节PH至11-12之间,加入上述高阻燃纤维面料进行染色,染色时间30-45min;
(6)二次水洗:将上述高阻燃纤维面料从染缸中取出,水洗去除没有染上面料的废液,再皂洗去除高阻燃纤维面料表面的污迹,再用水漂洗后脱水、阴干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述预处理液,按质量分数包含以下成分:
胰蛋白酶粉 1%
木瓜粉 5%
壳聚糖 12%
双氧水 5%
过硫酸铵 10%
去离子水 67%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述超声波的功率与所述高阻燃纤维面料的面积成正比,优选为0.3-0.6W/cm2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述产色素微生物选自天蓝色链霉菌、红曲霉等天然产色素菌或产色素的基因工程菌。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述产色素微生物为天蓝色链霉菌。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述微生物初染色的染色时间为3-6h,温度为37℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述强紫外下照射的照射强度为30-60mW/cm2,时间为10-20min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,
所述染料为植物染料或者人造染料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺,其特征在于,所述染料为Terasil W系列分散染料。
10.如权利要求1-9任一项所述的高阻燃纤维面料染色上色改良工艺在建筑膜结构工程材料中的应用。
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