CN111592744A - Metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a metal loaded carbon/polymer based electromagnetic shielding material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of electromagnetic shielding materialsThe preparation field specifically comprises: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The nano-powder content is 5-8 wt%, the graphene nanoplatelets content is 12-15 wt%, the polyurethane content is 5-8 wt%, the PBAT content is 8-10 wt%, and the balance is polylactide. According to the metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material provided by the invention, the position lattice defect of the carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material can be filled through metal loading on the material, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the electromagnetic shielding material is improved, and the mechanical property of the material is improved through PU impregnation and PBAT permeation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic shielding materials, in particular to a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a by-product of the extensive use of electronic equipment, and it not only interferes with the normal operation of the electrical equipment, but can also have adverse effects on human health. Therefore, appropriate measures are taken to "cut off" the radiation coupling path. The most effective "cut-off" measure at present is the use of electromagnetic shielding materials to reduce the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation to within a certain safe range. In recent years, a great deal of research has been focused on developing high-performance polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials due to the advantages of light weight, low cost, easy processing, corrosion resistance and the like of polymer materials. However, the conventional polymer has inherent electrical insulation and hardly generates attenuation effect on electromagnetic waves, so that it is necessary to introduce a conductive filler to solve the problem, and further to generate absorption-dominant shielding effect on electromagnetic waves through resistance loss and interface polarization equivalent while limiting the surface electromagnetic wave reflectivity. At present, carbon materials and metal materials are mainly used as conductive fillers. Although the electrical conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the composite material can be remarkably improved by adding the metal material into the polymer matrix, the density of the composite material can be greatly increased while filling the polymer due to the high density of the metal material, and the processing difficulty is caused by excessive addition. In recent years, development of various portable electronic and electrical devices requires that an electromagnetic shielding material has the characteristics of light weight, high shielding property, multiple functions and the like. In this respect, because the carbon material has the advantages of low density, corrosion resistance, easy processing and the like, the carbon/polymer matrix composite material quickly becomes the most widely applied and researched electromagnetic shielding material in the military and civil dual-purpose field. But the mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding properties of the carbon/polymer-based material are poor.
The magnetic nano-particles can moderately adjust the impedance matching characteristic and the strong attenuation and damage capability of the shielding material to electromagnetic energy, and create excellent electromagnetic wave absorption and electromagnetic interference shielding material.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material, comprising: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The nano-powder content is 5-8 wt%, the graphene nanoplatelets content is 12-15 wt%, the polyurethane content is 5-8 wt%, the PBAT content is 8-10 wt%, and the balance is polylactide.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a method for preparing an electromagnetic shielding composite material, comprising the following steps:
S1、CoFe2O4preparing nano particles: mixing iron acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate in oleic acid amine, and continuously magnetically stirring for 1h at room temperature to obtain a uniform mixture; transferring the reddish uniform solution into a 100mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 200 ℃ in an oven, and preserving heat for 24 hours; after complete reaction, the autoclave is naturally cooled to room temperature, and a final product is collected by a centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 10 min;
wherein the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2: 1-1.2.
S2、CoFe2O4Preparation of CNP: CoFe prepared by S12O4Dissolving the nano particles in ethanol, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding graphene nanoplatelets, stirring at room temperature for 50-60min, adding a small amount of HF, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 220 ℃ in an oven, and keeping the temperature for 24 h; after natural coolingFiltering, cleaning and drying;
S3、CoFe2O4preparation of PU-CNP: shearing polyurethane foam, putting the polyurethane foam into a DMF/NMP solution, and adding CoFe prepared in the step S22O4CNP ultrasonic immersion for 3-4h, filtering, air drying for 72h, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 4 h;
S4、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA: drying the CoFe2O4Putting the PU-CNP and the dried polylactide into an internal mixer, mixing for 10-20min, and discharging;
the drying of the polylactide is specifically drying at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
The temperature in the internal mixer is 170-190 ℃;
the rotating speed in the internal mixer is 50-70 rpm.
S5、CoFe2O4Preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA/PBAT: and adding the composite material prepared by the S4 into PBAT, permeating for 15-20min under a vacuum condition, and curing for 3-4h to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material.
CoFe2O4The nano particles have high conductivity and magnetism, large specific surface area, and are beneficial to proper impedance matching and the improvement of dielectric loss and magnetic loss of materials.
Polyurethane (PU) expands in a DMF/NMP solution, PU-CNP obtained by impregnating graphene nanoplatelets structurally shows layered distortion, and the resistance stability of the electromagnetic shielding material can be improved in the stretching process.
PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has better ductility and elongation at break as well as better heat resistance and impact property; in addition, it has excellent biodegradability. The invention is used for improving the mechanical property and the resistance stability of the electromagnetic shielding material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material provided by the invention, the position lattice defect of the carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material can be filled through metal loading on the material, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the electromagnetic shielding material is improved, and the mechanical property of the material is improved through PU impregnation and PBAT permeation.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly and completely describe the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further described in detail by the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the invention, and are not used for limiting the invention, and various changes can be made within the scope defined by the claims of the invention.
Example 1
A metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material comprising: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The content of the nano powder is 8 wt%, the content of the graphene nanoplatelets is 12 wt%, the content of the polyurethane is 8 wt%, the content of the PBAT is 10 wt%, and the balance is polylactide.
The preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding composite material comprises the following steps:
S1、CoFe2O4preparing nano particles: mixing iron acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate in oleic acid amine, and continuously magnetically stirring for 1h at room temperature to obtain a uniform mixture; transferring the reddish uniform solution into a 100mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 200 ℃ in an oven, and preserving heat for 24 hours; after complete reaction, the autoclave is naturally cooled to room temperature, and a final product is collected by a centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 10 min;
wherein the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2:1.
S2、CoFe2O4Preparation of CNP: CoFe prepared by S12O4Dissolving nanoparticles in ethanol, ultrasonic dispersing, adding graphene microchip, stirring at room temperature for 50min, adding a small amount of HF, transferring into a container lined with polytetrafluoroethyleneHeating to 220 ℃ in a stainless steel autoclave in an oven, and preserving heat for 24 hours; naturally cooling, filtering, cleaning and drying;
S3、CoFe2O4preparation of PU-CNP: shearing polyurethane foam, putting the polyurethane foam into a DMF/NMP solution, and adding CoFe prepared in the step S22O4CNP ultrasonic immersion for 3h, filtering, air drying for 72h, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 4 h;
S4、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA: drying the CoFe2O4Putting the PU-CNP and the dried polylactide into an internal mixer, mixing for 20min, and discharging;
the drying of the polylactide is specifically drying at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
The temperature in the internal mixer is 180 ℃;
the rotation speed in the internal mixer is 60 rpm.
S5、CoFe2O4Preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA/PBAT: and adding the composite material prepared in the S4 into PBAT, permeating for 20min under a vacuum condition, and curing for 4h to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material.
Example 2
A metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material comprising: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The graphene nano-sheet composite material comprises 5 wt% of nano-powder, 15 wt% of graphene micro-sheets, 5 wt% of polyurethane, 8 wt% of PBAT and the balance polylactide.
The preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding composite material comprises the following steps:
S1、CoFe2O4preparing nano particles: mixing iron acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate in oleic acid amine, and continuously magnetically stirring for 1h at room temperature to obtain a uniform mixture; transfer the reddish homogeneous solution to a 100mL stainless steel autoclave lined with TeflonHeating to 200 ℃ in an oven, and keeping the temperature for 24 hours; after complete reaction, the autoclave is naturally cooled to room temperature, and a final product is collected by a centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 10 min;
wherein the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2:1.
S2、CoFe2O4Preparation of CNP: CoFe prepared by S12O4Dissolving nano particles in ethanol, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding graphene nanoplatelets, stirring at room temperature for 50min, adding a small amount of HF, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, heating to 220 ℃ in an oven, and keeping the temperature for 24 h; naturally cooling, filtering, cleaning and drying;
S3、CoFe2O4preparation of PU-CNP: shearing polyurethane foam, putting the polyurethane foam into a DMF/NMP solution, and adding CoFe prepared in the step S22O4CNP ultrasonic immersion for 4h, filtering, air drying for 72h, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 4 h;
S4、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA: drying the CoFe2O4Putting the PU-CNP and the dried polylactide into an internal mixer, mixing for 20min, and discharging;
the drying of the polylactide is specifically drying at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
The temperature in the internal mixer is 170 ℃;
the rotation speed in the internal mixer is 50 rpm.
S5、CoFe2O4Preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA/PBAT: and adding the composite material prepared in the S4 into PBAT, permeating for 15min under a vacuum condition, and curing for 3h to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material.
Example 3
A metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material comprising: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The content of nanopowder is 8The graphene nanoplatelets are 14 wt%, the polyurethane is 6 wt%, the PBAT is 9 wt%, and the balance is polylactide.
The preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding composite material comprises the following steps:
S1、CoFe2O4preparing nano particles: mixing iron acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate in oleic acid amine, and continuously magnetically stirring for 1h at room temperature to obtain a uniform mixture; transferring the reddish uniform solution into a 100mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 200 ℃ in an oven, and preserving heat for 24 hours; after complete reaction, the autoclave is naturally cooled to room temperature, and a final product is collected by a centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 10 min;
wherein the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2: 1.2.
S2、CoFe2O4Preparation of CNP: CoFe prepared by S12O4Dissolving nano particles in ethanol, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding graphene nanoplatelets, stirring at room temperature for 60min, adding a small amount of HF, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 220 ℃ in an oven, and keeping the temperature for 24 h; naturally cooling, filtering, cleaning and drying;
S3、CoFe2O4preparation of PU-CNP: shearing polyurethane foam, putting the polyurethane foam into a DMF/NMP solution, and adding CoFe prepared in the step S22O4CNP ultrasonic immersion for 3-4h, filtering, air drying for 72h, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 4 h;
S4、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA: drying the CoFe2O4Putting the PU-CNP and the dried polylactide into an internal mixer, mixing for 20min, and discharging;
the drying of the polylactide is specifically drying at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
The temperature in the internal mixer is 190 ℃;
the rotation speed in the internal mixer is 70 rpm.
S5、CoFe2O4Preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA/PBATPreparing: and adding the composite material prepared in the S4 into PBAT, permeating for 20min under a vacuum condition, and curing for 3h to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed without using polyurethane impregnation.
Comparative example 2
The filling was carried out without using PBAT, as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Wherein the polyurethane content is 20 wt%, as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
Wherein the PBAT content is 15 wt%, as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
Non-loaded CoFe2O4Nanopowder, otherwise as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
CoFe2O4The content of the nano-powder was 10 wt%, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
Wherein the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2: 1.5.
The electromagnetic shielding composite materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were molded into 1mm rectangular samples, and their electromagnetic properties and electromagnetic shielding efficiency, and mechanical tensile properties were measured in the X band, with the results shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance testing
As can be seen from Table 1, the electromagnetic shielding composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical properties. As can be seen from comparative examples 1 and 3, the mechanical properties of the prepared materials are poor and the volume resistance is large without adding PU impregnation or with too high PU content. From comparative example2. 4, it is clear that the mechanical properties of the material are greatly reduced when no PBAT packing is used or the PBAT content is too high. As can be seen from comparative example 6, CoFe2O4When the content of the nano powder is too high, the mechanical property of the material is reduced, and the electromagnetic shielding efficiency is reduced. From comparative example 7, when CoFe2O4When the molar ratio of iron to cobalt in the nano powder is changed, the mechanical property of the material is slightly reduced, compared with the material without adding CoFe2O4Comparative example 5 of nano powder, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency was slightly increased.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material, comprising: mixing CoFe2O4Loading nano powder on a Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNP), impregnating through Polyurethane (PU), melting and loading on Polylactide (PLA), and filling PBAT through vacuum infiltration to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material, wherein the CoFe is2O4The nano-powder content is 5-8 wt%, the graphene nanoplatelets content is 12-15 wt%, the polyurethane content is 5-8 wt%, the PBAT content is 8-10 wt%, and the balance is polylactide.
2. The method for preparing a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
S1、CoFe2O4preparing nano particles: mixing iron acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate in oleic acid amine, and continuously magnetically stirring for 1h at room temperature to obtain a uniform mixture; transferring the reddish uniform solution into a 100mL stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 200 ℃ in an oven, and preserving heat for 24 hours; is at the end ofAfter the full reaction, the autoclave is naturally cooled to room temperature, and a final product is collected for 10min by a centrifugal machine at the speed of 5000 r/min;
S2、CoFe2O4preparation of CNP: CoFe prepared by S12O4Dissolving the nano particles in ethanol, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding graphene nanoplatelets, stirring at room temperature for 50-60min, adding a small amount of HF, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave lined with polytetrafluoroethylene, heating to 220 ℃ in an oven, and keeping the temperature for 24 h; naturally cooling, filtering, cleaning and drying;
S3、CoFe2O4preparation of PU-CNP: shearing polyurethane foam, putting the polyurethane foam into a DMF/NMP solution, and adding CoFe prepared in the step S22O4CNP ultrasonic immersion for 3-4h, filtering, air drying for 72h, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 4 h;
S4、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA: drying the CoFe2O4Putting the PU-CNP and the dried polylactide into an internal mixer, mixing for 10-20min, and discharging;
S5、CoFe2O4preparation of/PU-CNP/PLA/PBAT: and adding the composite material prepared by the S4 into PBAT, permeating for 15-20min under a vacuum condition, and curing for 3-4h to obtain the electromagnetic shielding composite material.
3. The method for preparing a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 2, wherein: the molar ratio of the iron acetylacetonate to the cobalt acetylacetonate is 2: 1-1.2.
4. The method for preparing a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 2, wherein: the drying of the polylactide in step S4 is specifically drying at 80 ℃ for 12 h.
5. The method for preparing a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature in the internal mixer in the step S4 is 170-190 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a metal-loaded carbon/polymer-based electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 2, wherein: the rotation speed in the internal mixer in the step S4 is 50-70 rpm.
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