CN111590983A - Composite elastic sheet and manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof - Google Patents

Composite elastic sheet and manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111590983A
CN111590983A CN202010492651.2A CN202010492651A CN111590983A CN 111590983 A CN111590983 A CN 111590983A CN 202010492651 A CN202010492651 A CN 202010492651A CN 111590983 A CN111590983 A CN 111590983A
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China
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elastic
layer
surface layer
composite
elastic sheet
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CN202010492651.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林颖宗
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Guangzhou Xingshi Machinery Manufacture Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Xingshi Machinery Manufacture Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010492651.2A priority Critical patent/CN111590983A/en
Publication of CN111590983A publication Critical patent/CN111590983A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
    • A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/49011—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
    • A61F13/49012—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region the elastic means being elastic panels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
    • A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/4902—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/496—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers in the form of pants or briefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/30—Partial laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
    • A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
    • A61F13/4902—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material
    • A61F2013/49022—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material being elastomeric sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite elastic sheet material and a manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof, wherein the composite elastic sheet material comprises a first surface layer, a middle elastic layer and a second surface layer which are sequentially compounded, the middle elastic layer is a layered structure formed by a plurality of continuous elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers which are distributed side by side, and the compounding mode among the middle elastic layer, the first surface layer and the second surface layer is discontinuous compounding. The manufacturing method and the manufacturing equipment are characterized in that an extruder and a wire extruding plate are utilized to form the middle elastic layer on line and are intermittently compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer in a stretching state, and finally, the composite elastic sheet is formed. The manufacturing principle of the invention is simple, but the formed composite elastic sheet has higher air permeability and lower production cost, the stretching ratio can be adjusted in the production process according to the product requirements of practical application, and the applicable disposable hygienic product has wider range.

Description

Composite elastic sheet and manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of disposable sanitary products, in particular to a composite elastic sheet and a manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof.
Background
In the product design of disposable hygienic products, most products need to be added with elastic materials, so that the formed products are more fit with human bodies when being worn, and the uniform stress is ensured to be comfortable to wear. For example, in a baby diaper product, the elastic waist circumference serves a corresponding function.
In the current disposable sanitary products, the elastic materials are mainly arranged in the following forms:
(1) the elastic film is used directly. Its advantage is that the stretching ratio is large, can reach more than 3 times; but the defects are that the elastic film is not breathable, the air permeability of the formed product is poor, and the user experience is not good; moreover, when the elastic film is used on production equipment, the elastic film can only be elastic in a CD direction (namely a transverse direction), and cannot be elastic in an MD direction (namely a longitudinal direction), so that the application range is narrow.
(2) The elastic material formed by compounding the breathable non-woven fabric and the elastic film is used, and the elastic film is punctured before compounding so as to improve the breathability. Its advantages are high stretching ratio, and high cost.
(3) The elastic material formed by compounding the elastic rubber band and the non-woven fabric is used. When the elastic material is manufactured on line, the cost of raw materials is lower than that of the second form, the stretching ratio can be freely adjusted in the production process according to the actual use requirement of the product (the stretching ratio of the elastic rubber band is adjusted within the range not exceeding the stretching ratio of the elastic rubber band), and the elastic material is the most widely used form in various disposable sanitary products (such as sanitary towels, paper diapers and other products) at present. However, in actual production, this form of elastic material also clearly has the following drawbacks: firstly, the elastic rubber bands cannot realize the distribution of higher density due to the limitation of a throwing mechanism, and when the elastic rubber bands are arranged at certain fixed intervals, the composite elastic material has the phenomenon of uneven stretching in different areas on the surface of the composite elastic material, and the use comfort of the product is seriously influenced; secondly, because the rubber band material need open a book in addition and pay-off to compound department and compound (all need certain distance with other base materials like non-woven fabrics etc.) with other base materials (generally), because the influence of factors such as conveying environment and resistance in transportation process, the inconsistent phenomenon of stretch ratio appears very easily between each elasticity rubber band, can frequent appearance disconnected material in continuous production process even, and then influence the stability of production efficiency and product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composite elastic sheet with high air permeability, lower production cost and adjustable stretching ratio.
The invention also aims to provide a manufacturing method of the composite elastic sheet.
The invention further aims to provide equipment for manufacturing the composite elastic sheet.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the composite elastic sheet comprises a first surface layer, a middle elastic layer and a second surface layer which are sequentially compounded, wherein the middle elastic layer is a layered structure formed by a plurality of continuous elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers which are distributed side by side, and the middle elastic layer is discontinuously compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer. In the structure of the composite elastic sheet, on one hand, the elastic fiber yarns or the ribbon fiber layers can enable the first surface layer and the second surface layer to have the stretching function, and the structure is stable, so that the formed composite elastic sheet can have uniform elasticity in all areas, and the use comfort of a user can be effectively improved; on the other hand, since the elastic fiber filaments or the tape-like fiber layers constituting the intermediate elastic layer have gaps therebetween, the composite elastic sheet after molding can be maintained to have good air permeability.
And when the middle elastic layer is in a contraction state, a bubble-shaped structure is formed between the two adjacent composite areas and between the first surface layer and the second surface layer. Because elastic fiber silk or banded fibrous layer itself have good elasticity, distribute side by side under the state of stretching and form middle elastic layer and compound between first top layer and second top layer, the compound elastic sheet after the shaping can contract under natural state, first top layer and second top layer because itself does not have elasticity this moment, so both can form the bubble column structure along with the shrink of middle elastic layer.
The elastic fiber yarn is PP fiber yarn or PET fiber yarn formed by spinning after high-temperature melting. When the middle elastic layer is formed, a screw extruder with a filament extruding plate can be used for carrying out polypropylene (PP) filament or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filament spinning on line (according to actual needs, other polymer materials with high elasticity can be adopted for replacing the polypropylene (PP) filament or the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filament spinning), under the action of the filament extruding plate, the arrangement of the elastic filament after being spun is consistent, and the elastic filament after being spun is cooled and shaped by a cooling drum and is sent into a drawing mechanism of a drawing machine. As a preferable scheme, the polypropylene fiber yarn has good elasticity and toughness, and can be widely applied to elastic sheets of disposable sanitary products.
As a preferable scheme, the middle elastic layer is of a single-layer structure and comprises a plurality of elastic fiber yarns distributed at intervals of not less than 6mm, the thickness of the middle elastic layer is equal to the diameter of a single elastic fiber yarn, the diameter of the single elastic fiber yarn is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the elastic fiber layer of the structure is formed by adopting a wire extruding plate with row-shaped extruding holes. According to the actual condition of the equipment, the extruded sheet with the gap can be selected to form the middle elastic layer, but the extruded middle elastic layer is made of elastic materials distributed in a belt shape, the thickness of the elastic materials is more than or equal to 0.06mm, and the interval between two adjacent belt-shaped elastic materials is not required.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of the composite elastic sheet, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the first surface layer and the second surface layer are synchronously released and are continuously conveyed by a traction mechanism;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out melt extrusion on a high-elasticity polymer material by adopting an extruder, extruding a plurality of elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers side by side through a yarn extruding plate during extrusion, cooling and shaping each elastic fiber yarn or ribbon-shaped fiber layer after extrusion molding by a cooling drum, and conveying the elastic fiber yarn or ribbon-shaped fiber layer to a stretching and drawing mechanism;
(3) at the stretching and drawing mechanism, a plurality of elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers which are cooled and shaped form an intermediate elastic layer, and the intermediate elastic layer passes through between the first surface layer and the second surface layer;
(4) the stretching traction mechanism conveys the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer to the composite mechanism at the same speed, the stretching traction mechanism stretches the middle elastic layer simultaneously in the conveying process, and the composite mechanism performs intermittent composite to form intermittent composite elastic sheets among the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer.
The conveying speed of the cooling drum is less than that of the traction mechanism. By utilizing the speed difference, the formed middle elastic layer is stretched simultaneously in the conveying process and is compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer in the stretching state, and finally the composite elastic sheet can retract in the natural state to form a stable elastic structure. The stretching ratio of the composite elastic sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the speed difference between the traction mechanism and the cooling drum according to the actual use requirement of the disposable sanitary product and the characteristics of the adopted high-elasticity polymer material.
The composite mechanism is characterized in that the composite mode of the composite mechanism is one of adhesive bonding lamination, hot melt lamination or ultrasonic lamination, and can be selected according to the requirements of the manufacturing process of the composite elastic sheet, but the composite mechanism in any mode is intermittently compounded in the composite process.
In the manufacturing method of the composite elastic sheet, the mode of forming the middle elastic layer on line and directly compounding the middle elastic layer with the first surface layer and the second surface layer is adopted, so that the production process can be effectively simplified, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the middle elastic layer is formed by a wire extruding plate and an extruder, and the formed middle elastic layer is formed by a plurality of elastic fiber wires or ribbon-shaped fiber layers side by side, so that the elastic fiber composite material has a good elastic function and good air permeability; after the middle elastic layer is formed, the speed difference between the traction mechanism and the cooling drum is utilized to enable the middle elastic layer to be compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer in a stretching state, and finally the composite elastic sheet can retract in a natural state to form a stable elastic structure.
The manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet comprises a first surface layer unwinding mechanism, a second surface layer unwinding mechanism, an elastic layer forming mechanism, a stretching traction mechanism and a composite mechanism, wherein the first surface layer unwinding mechanism, the second surface layer unwinding mechanism and the elastic layer forming mechanism are respectively connected with the stretching traction mechanism; the elastic layer forming mechanism comprises an extruder, a wire extruding plate and a cooling drum, the wire extruding plate is arranged at a die head of the extruder, a plurality of extruding holes are distributed on the wire extruding plate, and the outlet end of each extruding hole is positioned on the outer side of the cylindrical surface of the cooling drum.
As a preferable scheme, on the filament extruding plate, the extrusion holes are distributed on the same straight line side by side, the diameter of each extrusion hole is 0.25-0.6 mm, the extruded elastic fiber filament can be cooled and stretched to obtain fine fibers with the diameter size lower than that of the extrusion holes, the extrusion holes can be densely arranged on the filament extruding plate, and then the uniform elastic fiber distribution effect on an extrusion area is obtained; meanwhile, as the elastic fiber yarns are thin in size and have certain gaps between adjacent elastic fiber yarns, the compounded material still can keep very good air permeability.
In the elastic layer forming mechanism, the extruder is a screw extruder, and a metering pump is further installed at the joint of the wire extruding plate and the extruder. After the high-elasticity polymer material is subjected to high-temperature melting and conveying through the screw extruder, the metering pump is used for metering and then the high-elasticity polymer material is extruded through the filament extruding plate, so that the uniformity of the elastic fiber filament or the ribbon fiber layer during extrusion can be further improved, and the elasticity uniformity of all parts on the molded composite elastic sheet is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the existing composite elastic sheet, the composite elastic sheet has higher air permeability and lower production cost, the stretching ratio can be adjusted in the production process according to the product requirements of practical application, and the applicable disposable hygienic product has wider range. In addition, in the composite elastic sheet, all elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers forming the middle elastic layer are uniformly distributed and have moderate distribution density, and the middle elastic layer is processed in an online forming and compounding mode, so that the uniform stretching multiplying power of all parts of the formed composite elastic sheet can be effectively ensured, and the use comfort of the disposable sanitary product is improved.
The manufacturing method and the manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet have the advantages of simple principle, high effective efficiency and lower production cost, and can realize the online continuous efficient production of the composite elastic sheet; adopt the middle elastic layer of on-line forming and directly carry out compound mode with first top layer, the second top layer, can effectively simplify production processes, improve production efficiency to a great extent, middle elastic layer is compound (and tensile multiplying power can be adjusted under the condition of no longer exceeding the polymer material limit according to the demand) with first top layer, the second top layer under tensile state, after three-layer material adhesion becomes whole, combined material can retract under the natural state, thereby obtain a compound elastic sheet, and this compound elastic sheet's elasticity everywhere is even, and have higher gas permeability.
In the manufacturing method and the manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet, the middle elastic layer is an elastic filament or elastic ribbon which is obtained by melting (metering) high-elasticity polymer particles or slices at high temperature by an extruder, extruding by a filament extruding plate and cooling, and the arrangement of elastic fiber filaments or ribbon fiber layers forming the middle elastic layer is consistent, so that the middle elastic layer with uniform distribution density can be formed.
In the manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet, the stretching ratio of the composite elastic sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the speed difference between the traction mechanism and the cooling drum, so that the composite elastic sheet is adapted to the actual use requirement of the disposable sanitary product, the operation is simple, and the application range of the composite elastic sheet in the disposable sanitary product can be effectively expanded.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite elastic sheet.
Fig. 2 is a view taken along direction a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the extruder and die in the direction B of FIG. 3.
In the above figures, the components indicated by the respective reference numerals are as follows: 1 is a first surface layer, is a middle elastic layer, 3 is a second surface layer, 4 is a composite region, 5 is a bubble-shaped structure, 6 is a stretching traction mechanism, 7 is a composite mechanism, 8 is an extruder, 9 is a metering pump, 10 is a filament extruding plate, 11 is a cooling drum, V1 is the conveying speed of the cooling drum, and V2 is the conveying speed of the stretching traction mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
A composite elastic sheet according to this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, includes a first surface layer 1, an intermediate elastic layer 2, and a second surface layer 3, which are sequentially combined, where the intermediate elastic layer is a layered structure formed by a plurality of continuous elastic fiber filaments distributed side by side, and the combination manner between the intermediate elastic layer and the first surface layer and between the intermediate elastic layer and the second surface layer is discontinuous combination. The intermediate elastic layer forms a composite region 4 where it is composited with each of the first and second skin layers, and when the intermediate elastic layer is in a contracted state, a bubble-like structure 5 is formed between the adjacent composite regions and between the first and second skin layers (as shown in fig. 1).
Wherein the elastic fiber yarn is PP fiber yarn or PET fiber yarn formed by spinning after high-temperature melting. In the embodiment, the PP fiber yarn is adopted, and the PP fiber yarn has good elasticity and toughness, and can be widely applied to the elastic sheets of disposable sanitary products. When the middle elastic layer is formed, a screw extruder with a filament extruding plate can be used for carrying out polypropylene (PP) filament or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filament spinning on line (according to actual needs, other polymer materials with high elasticity can be adopted for replacing the polypropylene (PP) filament or the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filament spinning), under the action of the filament extruding plate, the arrangement of the elastic filament after being spun is consistent, and the elastic filament after being spun is cooled and shaped by a cooling drum and is sent into a drawing mechanism of a drawing machine.
The middle elastic layer is of a single-layer structure and comprises a plurality of elastic fiber yarns distributed at intervals of not less than 6mm, the thickness of the middle elastic layer is equal to the diameter of a single elastic fiber yarn, and the diameter of the single elastic fiber yarn is 0.15-0.3 mm.
In the structure of the composite elastic sheet, the intermediate elastic layer has the following functions at the same time: on one hand, the elastic fiber yarns can enable the first surface layer and the second surface layer to have a stretching function, the structure is stable, the formed composite elastic sheet can have uniform elasticity in all areas, and the use comfort of a user can be effectively improved; on the other hand, since the elastic fiber filaments constituting the intermediate elastic layer have gaps therebetween, the composite elastic sheet after molding can be maintained to have good air permeability. The elastic fiber yarns have good elasticity, the elastic fiber yarns are distributed side by side in a stretching state to form the middle elastic layer and are compounded between the first surface layer and the second surface layer, the molded composite elastic sheet can contract in a natural state, and the first surface layer and the second surface layer do not have elasticity, so that the first surface layer and the second surface layer can form a bubble-shaped structure along with the contraction of the middle elastic layer.
Example 2
This example is a method and apparatus for making the composite elastic sheet described in example 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the manufacturing apparatus includes a first surface layer unwinding mechanism (not shown), a second surface layer unwinding mechanism (not shown), an elastic layer forming mechanism, a stretching traction mechanism 6 and a combining mechanism 7, wherein the first surface layer unwinding mechanism, the second surface layer unwinding mechanism and the elastic layer forming mechanism are respectively connected to the stretching traction mechanism, and the stretching traction mechanism is connected to the combining mechanism; the elastic layer forming mechanism comprises an extruder 8, a metering pump 9, a filament extruding plate 10 and a cooling drum 11, the filament extruding plate is arranged at a die head of the extruder, a plurality of extruding holes are distributed on the filament extruding plate, the outlet end of each extruding hole is positioned at the outer side of the cylindrical surface of the cooling drum, and the metering pump is arranged at the joint of the filament extruding plate and the extruder. Wherein the extruder is a screw extruder. After the high-elasticity polymer material is subjected to high-temperature melting and conveying through the screw extruder, the metering pump is used for metering and then the high-elasticity polymer material is extruded through the filament extruding plate, so that the uniformity of the elastic fiber filament during extrusion can be further improved, and the elasticity uniformity of all parts on the formed composite elastic sheet is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, the extrusion holes are distributed in parallel on the same straight line on the extrusion plate, the diameter of each extrusion hole is 0.25-0.6 mm, the extruded elastic fiber can be cooled and stretched to obtain fine fibers with the diameter size lower than that of the extrusion holes, the extrusion holes can be densely arranged on the extrusion plate, and then the uniform elastic fiber distribution effect on the extrusion area can be obtained; meanwhile, as the elastic fiber yarns are thin in size and have certain gaps between adjacent elastic fiber yarns, the compounded material still can keep very good air permeability.
The manufacturing method of the composite elastic sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) the first surface layer and the second surface layer are synchronously released and are continuously conveyed by a traction mechanism;
(2) the high-elasticity polymer material is melted and extruded by an extruder, a plurality of elastic fiber yarns are extruded side by side through a yarn extruding plate during extrusion, and each elastic fiber yarn after extrusion molding is cooled and shaped by a cooling drum and is conveyed to a stretching and drawing mechanism;
(3) at the stretching and drawing mechanism, a plurality of elastic fiber yarns which are cooled and shaped form an intermediate elastic layer, and the intermediate elastic layer passes through the space between the first surface layer and the second surface layer;
(4) the stretching traction mechanism conveys the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer to the composite mechanism at the same speed, the stretching traction mechanism stretches the middle elastic layer simultaneously in the conveying process, and the composite mechanism performs intermittent composite to form intermittent composite elastic sheets among the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer.
In the method, the conveying speed V1 of the cooling drum is less than the conveying speed V2 of the traction mechanism. By utilizing the speed difference, the formed middle elastic layer is stretched simultaneously in the conveying process and is compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer in the stretching state, and finally the composite elastic sheet can retract in the natural state to form a stable elastic structure. The stretching ratio of the composite elastic sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the speed difference between the traction mechanism and the cooling drum according to the actual use requirement of the disposable sanitary product and the characteristics of the adopted high-elasticity polymer material.
The composite mechanism can be one of adhesive bonding lamination, hot melt lamination or ultrasonic lamination, and can be selected according to the requirements of the manufacturing process of the composite elastic sheet, but the composite mechanism in any mode is intermittently compounded in the composite process.
In the manufacturing method of the composite elastic sheet, the mode of forming the middle elastic layer on line and directly compounding the middle elastic layer with the first surface layer and the second surface layer is adopted, so that the production process can be effectively simplified, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the middle elastic layer is formed by a wire extruding plate and an extruder, and the formed middle elastic layer is formed by a plurality of elastic fiber wires side by side, so that the elastic fiber composite material has a good elastic function and good air permeability; after the middle elastic layer is formed, the speed difference between the traction mechanism and the cooling drum is utilized to enable the middle elastic layer to be compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer in a stretching state, and finally the composite elastic sheet can retract in a natural state to form a stable elastic structure. In this embodiment, the intermediate elastic layer is combined with the first surface layer and the second surface layer at a stretch ratio of 2.0 times, and then bonded to each combined region by intermittent combination to form an integral composite elastic sheet, and in a natural state, the composite elastic sheet having a stretch ratio of not less than 1.8 times is formed due to the retraction of each elastic fiber yarn constituting the intermediate elastic layer and the combined action of the tensions of the first surface layer and the second surface layer.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the middle elastic layer is a layered structure formed by side-by-side distribution of a plurality of continuous strip-shaped fiber layers, a thread extruding plate with a crack is adopted for forming the middle elastic layer during processing, but the extruded middle elastic layer is an elastic material with strip-shaped distribution, the thickness of the elastic material is more than or equal to 0.06mm, and the interval between two adjacent strip-shaped elastic materials is not required.
As mentioned above, the present invention can be better realized, and the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The composite elastic sheet is characterized by comprising a first surface layer, a middle elastic layer and a second surface layer which are sequentially compounded, wherein the middle elastic layer is a layered structure formed by a plurality of continuous elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers which are distributed side by side, and the middle elastic layer is discontinuously compounded with the first surface layer and the second surface layer.
2. The composite elastic sheet according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate elastic layer forms a composite region with each of the first and second cover layers, and wherein the intermediate elastic layer forms a bubble-like structure between adjacent composite regions and between the first and second cover layers when the intermediate elastic layer is in a contracted state.
3. The composite elastic sheet material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic fiber filaments are PP fiber filaments or PET fiber filaments formed by high temperature melting and spinning.
4. The composite elastic sheet according to claim 1, wherein the middle elastic layer is a single-layer structure and comprises a plurality of elastic fiber filaments distributed at intervals of not less than 6mm, the thickness of the middle elastic layer is equal to the diameter of each elastic fiber filament, and the diameter of each elastic fiber filament is 0.15-0.3 mm.
5. A method of making a composite elastic sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) the first surface layer and the second surface layer are synchronously released and are continuously conveyed by a traction mechanism;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out melt extrusion on a high-elasticity polymer material by adopting an extruder, extruding a plurality of elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers side by side through a yarn extruding plate during extrusion, cooling and shaping each elastic fiber yarn or ribbon-shaped fiber layer after extrusion molding by a cooling drum, and conveying the elastic fiber yarn or ribbon-shaped fiber layer to a stretching and drawing mechanism;
(3) at the stretching and drawing mechanism, a plurality of elastic fiber yarns or ribbon-shaped fiber layers which are cooled and shaped form an intermediate elastic layer, and the intermediate elastic layer passes through between the first surface layer and the second surface layer;
(4) the stretching traction mechanism conveys the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer to the composite mechanism at the same speed, the stretching traction mechanism stretches the middle elastic layer simultaneously in the conveying process, and the composite mechanism performs intermittent composite to form intermittent composite elastic sheets among the first surface layer, the middle elastic layer and the second surface layer.
6. The method of making a composite elastic sheet according to claim 5, wherein the cooling drum is transported at a speed less than the speed of the traction mechanism.
7. The method for manufacturing the composite elastic sheet material according to claim 5, wherein the composite mechanism is formed by one of adhesive bonding, hot melt bonding or ultrasonic bonding.
8. The manufacturing equipment of the composite elastic sheet material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising a first surface layer unwinding mechanism, a second surface layer unwinding mechanism, an elastic layer forming mechanism, a stretching traction mechanism and a compounding mechanism, wherein the first surface layer unwinding mechanism, the second surface layer unwinding mechanism and the elastic layer forming mechanism are respectively connected with the stretching traction mechanism, and the stretching traction mechanism is connected with the compounding mechanism; the elastic layer forming mechanism comprises an extruder, a wire extruding plate and a cooling drum, the wire extruding plate is arranged at a die head of the extruder, a plurality of extruding holes are distributed on the wire extruding plate, and the outlet end of each extruding hole is positioned on the outer side of the cylindrical surface of the cooling drum.
9. The apparatus for manufacturing a composite elastic sheet according to claim 8, wherein the extrusion holes are arranged side by side on the same straight line on the extrusion plate, and the diameter of each extrusion hole is 0.25-0.6 mm.
10. The apparatus for manufacturing a composite elastic sheet according to claim 8, wherein the extruder in the elastic layer forming mechanism is a screw extruder, and a metering pump is further installed at the connection position of the filament extruding plate and the extruder.
CN202010492651.2A 2020-06-03 2020-06-03 Composite elastic sheet and manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof Pending CN111590983A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113017991A (en) * 2021-03-03 2021-06-25 泉州市汉威机械制造有限公司 Novel elastic waistline non-woven fabric and forming process thereof
CN113500847A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-10-15 安徽瑞程机械设备有限公司 Preparation method of multilayer composite material

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CN1946548A (en) * 2004-04-30 2007-04-11 宝洁公司 Apparatus for producing elastomeric nonwoven laminates
CN101484308A (en) * 2006-07-07 2009-07-15 尤妮佳股份有限公司 Sheet member, method for manufacturing sheet including high-density region and disposable diaper using the sheet member

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CN1369253A (en) * 2001-01-29 2002-09-18 花王株式会社 Absorbent article
CN1470225A (en) * 2002-06-14 2004-01-28 花王株式会社 Absorbent article
CN1946548A (en) * 2004-04-30 2007-04-11 宝洁公司 Apparatus for producing elastomeric nonwoven laminates
CN101484308A (en) * 2006-07-07 2009-07-15 尤妮佳股份有限公司 Sheet member, method for manufacturing sheet including high-density region and disposable diaper using the sheet member

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113017991A (en) * 2021-03-03 2021-06-25 泉州市汉威机械制造有限公司 Novel elastic waistline non-woven fabric and forming process thereof
CN113500847A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-10-15 安徽瑞程机械设备有限公司 Preparation method of multilayer composite material

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