CN111589892B - Preparation method of layered aluminum-based composite material plate - Google Patents
Preparation method of layered aluminum-based composite material plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111589892B CN111589892B CN202010550627.XA CN202010550627A CN111589892B CN 111589892 B CN111589892 B CN 111589892B CN 202010550627 A CN202010550627 A CN 202010550627A CN 111589892 B CN111589892 B CN 111589892B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3].[AlH3] VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004100 electronic packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate. Two aluminum alloys with different melting points are adopted as raw materials, and the method comprises the following steps: (1): processing the aluminum alloy with high melting point into a casting mold, wherein the casting mold main body is in a layered shape, and one end of the layered shape is connected into a whole, so that the casting mold with a plurality of parallel horizontal grooves is formed; (2): melting aluminum alloy with low melting point, casting the aluminum alloy into a groove of a casting mold, and cooling to obtain a layered plate; (3): rolling deformation is carried out, and the bonding force between the two aluminum alloy materials is improved; (4): and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate. The preparation method is simple to operate, has universality, high production efficiency, easily controlled material shape and size and unlimited layer number, can obtain multilayer materials, can effectively enhance the binding property between interfaces, realizes the matching of strong plasticity of the materials, and has great industrial application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate.
Background
In order to meet the world higher demands for light-weight, energy-saving and emission-reduction materials, the improvement of the comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy is of great importance. Aluminum is the most widely used non-ferrous structural material in industry and has a low density of only 2.7g/cm3About 1/3 for copper or steel. The aluminum-based composite material is one of novel structural functional materials in the 21 st century, has high specific strength and specific stiffness, good formability, good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties, and is widely applied to the fields of transportation, aerospace, electronic packaging, sports equipment and the like. However, the traditional aluminum matrix composite has the problem that the strong plasticity is difficult to be synergistically improved, and the application in industry is severely limited.
In recent years, heterostructure materials have been receiving much attention because of their excellent mechanical and functional properties. Compared with the traditional particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, the aluminum matrix composite material with the layered structure shows excellent synergistic effect of strength and plasticity due to nonuniform deformation strengthening caused by the accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocation. Common preparation methods of the layered composite material comprise methods such as accumulative pack rolling and diffusion welding. Although the two methods have simple processes, the preparation work is complicated, the cleanness of a bonding interface, no oxidation and proper roughness are required to be ensured, the requirements on the relevant properties of the rolled materials are high, the plasticity of the materials cannot be greatly different, otherwise, the materials are easy to be welded or cracked to cause poor properties, and the cost of vacuum diffusion welding is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite plate.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite plate adopts two aluminum alloys with different melting points as raw materials, and comprises the following steps:
step (1): processing the aluminum alloy with high melting point into a casting mold, wherein the casting mold main body is in a layered shape, and one end of the layered shape is connected into a whole, so that the casting mold with a plurality of parallel horizontal grooves is formed;
step (2): melting aluminum alloy with low melting point, casting the aluminum alloy into a groove of a casting mold, and cooling to obtain a layered plate;
and (3): rolling deformation is carried out, and the bonding force between the two aluminum alloy materials is improved;
and (4): and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate.
Further, the step (1) is processed into a casting mould with a groove by adopting a wire cutting mode.
And further, carrying out sand paper polishing, water washing, acetone ultrasonic cleaning, water washing, acid washing, water washing again, finally blow-drying and protecting the surface by using inert gas on the bonding interface of the casting die and the liquid aluminum alloy after wire cutting.
Further, in the step (2), the aluminum alloy with the low melting point is melted and then cast into a groove of a casting mold, specifically: heating the aluminum alloy with low melting point to 650-680 ℃ to melt into liquid, heating the casting mold to 500-600 ℃, and then casting the molten liquid metal into the heated mold.
Further, the rolling deformation in the step (3) is specifically: and cutting off the edge material part of the obtained laminated composite plate, and rolling at room temperature by 50-90%.
Further, the heat treatment in the step (4) is specifically: the rolled material is annealed at the low temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 5-30 min.
Further, the aluminum alloy with high melting point is Al3BC/6061 aluminum matrix composite; the aluminum alloy with the low melting point is 6061 aluminum alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
the layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material is prepared by combining casting molding and plastic deformation, the preparation method is simple, the universality is realized, the shape and the size of the material are easy to control, a multilayer material can be obtained, the bonding property between interfaces can be effectively enhanced, the comprehensive performance of the material is improved, and the method has guiding significance for realizing strong plastic performance matching and improving the comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mold of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microscopic morphology of the layered composite material obtained by the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows Al obtained by the present invention3Stress-strain curve of BC/6061-6061Al layered composite material.
Description of reference numerals:
1-main body of mould, 2-baffle of mould.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a layered aluminum-based composite material plate, which uses materials comprising aluminum (aluminum alloy) and aluminum-based composite material, and takes 6061 aluminum alloy and Al3BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material as examples. The method is characterized in that an Al3BC/6061 aluminum matrix composite material with high melting point is processed into shapes with different numbers of grooves, the shapes are used as molds, 6061 aluminum alloy is melted and then cast into the molds, the Al3BC/6061 aluminum matrix composite material molds and 6061 are combined together, and a layered plate is obtained after cooling. And then, the layered composite board with good interface combination and synergistically improved strong plasticity is obtained through rolling deformation and heat treatment.
The preparation method of the layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, the Al3BC/6061 aluminum matrix composite is processed into shapes with different numbers of grooves by a wire electric discharge machine, the shapes are used as 'casting molds', then the steps of sand paper polishing, water washing, acetone ultrasonic cleaning, water washing, acid washing and water washing are carried out on a bonding interface, finally, the bonding interface is dried quickly, and the surface is protected by inert gas, so that the contact surface is ensured to have certain roughness, oil free and clean, and the bonding of the interface is facilitated.
(2) Melting the aluminum ingot at a temperature ranging from 650 ℃ to 680 ℃.
(3) Heating the 'mould' to 500 ℃, casting the molten liquid into the mould, and cooling to obtain the layered composite board.
(4) And cutting off part of the obtained Al3BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material at the edge of the layered composite plate, and performing rolling deformation to further enhance interface bonding and improve the compactness of the material.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the rolled material so as to eliminate the internal stress of the rolled material and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties such as the strong plasticity and the like of the material. Wherein the annealing temperature is 200-300 ℃ and the time is 5-30 min.
Example 1
(1) Mixing Al3BC/6061 aluminium base combined material is processed into the "casting die" that has the shape of 4 recesses with spark-erosion wire cutting machine, carries out abrasive paper to the bonding interface and polishes-washing-acetone ultrasonic cleaning-washing-pickling-washing step again, weathers fast at last to protect the surface with inert gas, guarantee that the contact surface has certain roughness, oilless and clean, help the bonding of interface.
(2) 6061 aluminum alloy is melted at a temperature in the range of 650 ℃.
(3) After heating the "mould" to 500 ℃, the molten liquid was cast into the mould and allowed to cool, resulting in a composite board with 9 layers.
(4) The obtained laminated composite board edge Al3The BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material is partially cut off and rolled at room temperature by 80 percent, so that the interface combination is further enhanced, and the compactness of the material is improved.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment at 300 ℃ for 10min on the rolled material so as to eliminate the internal stress of the rolled material and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties such as the strong plasticity and the like of the material.
The layered Al prepared by the method of the invention3As shown in FIG. 3, the tensile strength of the BC/6061-6061Al composite material plate can reach 514MPa, and the elongation can reach 12.5%. Compared with Al treated by the same method3BC/6061 material (463 MPa tensile strength, 5.4% elongation), 11% improvement of tensile strength and 131% improvement of elongation.
Example 2
(1) Mixing Al3Machining the BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material into a 'casting mold' with a shape of 4 grooves by using a wire-cut electrical discharge machining machine, performing the steps of sanding, washing, acetone ultrasonic cleaning, washing, pickling and washing again on a bonding interface, finally quickly drying, and using inert gasThe body protects the surface, guarantees that the contact surface has certain roughness, does not have oily and clean, helps the combination of interface.
(2) The pure aluminum ingot was melted at a temperature of 680 c.
(3) After heating the "mould" to 500 ℃, the molten liquid was cast into the mould and allowed to cool, resulting in a composite board with 9 layers.
(4) The obtained laminated composite board edge Al3The BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material is partially cut off and rolled at room temperature by 80 percent, so that the interface combination is further enhanced, and the compactness of the material is improved.
(5) And (3) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment at 200 ℃ for 30min on the rolled material so as to eliminate the internal stress of the rolled material and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties such as the strong plasticity and the like of the material.
The layered Al prepared by the method of the invention3The tensile strength of the BC/6061-Al composite material plate can reach 410MPa, the elongation can reach 25 percent, and the plasticity is greatly improved while the strength is ensured.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the layered aluminum-based composite material plate is characterized in that Al is adopted3The BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material and 6061 aluminum alloy are used as raw materials, and the method comprises the following steps:
step (1): mixing Al3The BC/6061 aluminum-based composite material is processed into a casting mold, the casting mold body is layered, and one end of the layered structure is connected into a whole, so that the casting mold with a plurality of parallel horizontal grooves is formed;
step (2): heating 6061 aluminum alloy to 650-680 ℃ to melt into liquid, heating a casting mold to 500-600 ℃, casting the molten liquid metal into a groove of the heated mold, and cooling to obtain a layered plate;
and (3): rolling deformation is carried out, and the bonding force between layers of the aluminum alloy and the aluminum-based composite material is improved;
and (4): and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the layered aluminum-aluminum matrix composite material plate.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is performed by wire cutting to form a casting mold with a groove.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising sanding, washing, ultrasonic cleaning with acetone, washing, pickling, washing with water, and finally drying the bonded interface of the casting mold and the liquid aluminum alloy after wire cutting, and protecting the surface with an inert gas.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling deformation in step (3) is in particular: and cutting off the edge material part of the obtained laminated composite plate, and rolling at room temperature by 50-90%.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment in step (4) is in particular: the rolled material is annealed at the low temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 5-30 min.
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EP0010936B1 (en) * | 1978-11-03 | 1983-10-26 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Production of rolled products |
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CN105583628A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-18 | 上海交通大学 | Method for manufacturing bi-metal composite material through combination of solid aluminum solid and liquid compounding and extruding |
CN109465425A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of manufacturing method of three layers of almag not uniform thickness composite ring slab |
CN110343909A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy |
CN108237214B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-11-08 | 天津理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of degradable stratiform Zn-Mg composite material |
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2020
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EP0010936B1 (en) * | 1978-11-03 | 1983-10-26 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Production of rolled products |
CN101279521A (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2008-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | Laminar compound aluminium alloy material with high intensity and preparation thereof |
CN101319333A (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2008-12-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Titanium/aluminum composite board and production method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20230508 Address after: No. 9 Fengming Avenue, Wanjiang Jiangnan Emerging Industry Concentration Zone, Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, 247124 Patentee after: Anhui Wanfeng precision aluminum Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210094 No. 200, Xiaolingwei, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |