CN110343909A - A kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110343909A CN110343909A CN201810307275.8A CN201810307275A CN110343909A CN 110343909 A CN110343909 A CN 110343909A CN 201810307275 A CN201810307275 A CN 201810307275A CN 110343909 A CN110343909 A CN 110343909A
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- aluminium alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of multiple grain scale multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, include: pretreatment, the processes such as casting, plastic deformation and formation multiple grain scale select the aluminium alloy of two or more different-alloy ingredients, it carries out solid-liquid and inlays casting, form MULTILAYER COMPOSITE aluminium alloy.Again by plastic deformation and subsequent anneal processing, the phase of different crystal particle scales is formed between adjacent lamina, is obtained multiple grain scale and is strengthened multi-layer sheet structure aluminum alloy materials.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to adopt the present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of multiple grain scale strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy
With casting method is inlayed, to be specifically plastically deformed and be heat-treated regulation microstructure, preparation bulk multiple grain scale is strong for cooperation
Change the technology of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy.
Background technique
Aluminium has more excellent characteristic, if density is small, only 2.7g/cm than other non-ferrous metals, steel3, about copper or
The 1/3 of steel；Good corrosion resistance and weatherability；Good plasticity and processing performance.In addition, the high-temperature behavior of aluminium, mouldability
Energy, machinability, riveting property and surface treatment properties etc. are also relatively good.Therefore, aluminium is in space flight, navigation, aviation, vapour
Vehicle, communications and transportation, bridge, building, electric, energy source and power, chemical metallurgy, agricultural drainage and irrigation, machine-building, packaging anti-corrosion,
The every field such as electric appliance furniture, daily style all obtain very extensive application.Commercial-purity aluminium tensile strength is very low, generally only
There is 80~100Mpa, fracture elongation can achieve 40% or so.And the series alloys such as 2000,6000,7000 are a kind of
High-intensitive duralumin, intensity, hardness are high, but its fracture elongation wants low compared to commercial-purity aluminium.How high-strength and high ductility is obtained
Aluminum alloy materials are the current big hot spots of research one.It is aluminum current a large number of studies show that introducing precipitation strength in aluminium alloy
One of effective strengthening mechanism of alloy.High density nanoscale precipitated phase is formed in alloy matrix aluminum, is generated to dislocation movement strong
Strong inhibition, so that the intensity of aluminium alloy be greatly improved.In addition, the precipitated phase of precipitation strength aluminium alloy, in high temperature
When it is higher than the stability of crystal boundary, therefore, the aluminium alloy of precipitation strength in high temperature deformation, often have it is higher, more stable
Mechanical property.But existing result of study shows that the generation of metal material Dislocations has significant dimensional effect.To receive
For meter Jing, when crystallite dimension is less than 100nm, nanocrystalline inside is difficult to generate a large amount of dislocation.And ageing strengthening aluminium closes
Usually only tens nanometers of spacing of the precipitated phase of gold, coarse crystal grain is divided into many nanometer lists by the precipitated phase of Dispersed precipitate
Member, dislocation is difficult to be formed and move in these units.Therefore, the toughness for the aluminum alloy materials strengthened by Precipitation can go out
It is now greatly reduced, greatly limits the application of precipitation strength aluminium alloy in actual production.In comparison, using refined crystalline strengthening
Mode, can enable aluminum alloy to while improving intensity, still keep good toughness, but the heat resistance of this kind of aluminium alloy
It can be poor.The intensity, toughness that how to get both and heat resistance become a big hot spot of current aluminium alloy research.
Through the literature search of existing technologies, K.Wu et al. is in " Materials Science and
Engineering A " Materials Science and Engineering A [J], " the Microstructure and delivered on 527 (2010) 3073Engi
mechanical properties of the Mg/Al laminated composite fabricated by
Accumulative roll bonding (ARB) " is (using the power of the folded Mg/Al multilayer materials for pricking (ARB) preparation of accumulation
Learn performance and Study on Microstructure) in a text, describes and a kind of roll standby Mg/Al multilayer materials using accumulation is folded.The skill
The characteristics of art is as follows: (1) material prepared by, the number of plies is controllable, and processable large scale sample out, is suitable for industrial application；(2)
Processing technology is simple, strong operability；(3) by the folded material for pricking compound preparation, yield strength improves significant.But by
When rolling standby lamellar aluminium alloy by the way that accumulation is folded, technically has the following problems: (1) being difficult to control the oxidation at interface；(2)
The plasticity decline of material after accumulation pack rolling；(3) the Strengthening and Toughening performance of lamellar Al alloy composite has apparent directionality,
It is limited much to the application on the multidirectional stressed component required.
Further retrieval discovery, X.L.Wu et al. is in " Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America " National Academy of Sciences, on 2015,47:14501-14505
" the Heterogeneous lamella structure unites ultrafine-grain strength with delivered
In coarse-grain ductility " (high-strength and high ductility thickness crystalline substance mixes heterogeneous layer structure material) text, one kind is described
By the techniques such as deforming and being heat-treated, regulate and control the state that the microstructure of pure Ti is mixed to Ultra-fine Grained with coarse-grain, comprehensive utilization is super
The superhigh intensity of fine grain and the superhigh tenacity of coarse-grain, and the back induced by two kinds of different structure deformational behavior inconsistencies of thickness
It is stress reinforced, intensity is prepared close to 1GPa, the pure Ti plate of the high-strength and high ductility of uniform elongation 10% or so.The characteristics of technology
It is: (1) multiple grain scale block plate made from, the problems such as being mingled with there is no interface oxidation；(2) it is controlled by different process mixed
The microstructures such as brilliant ratio, thickness, to obtain the high-strength and high ductility Ti plate of different mechanical properties.But this mode system
Standby mixed crystal material constituent element is more single, and complex process.
Summary of the invention
Invention In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provides a kind of forming method by solid-liquid composite casting,
The casting for carrying out two or more heterogeneity aluminium alloy in casting mould specifically is inlayed, lamellar isomery aluminium is made and closes
Golden block materials.In addition, cooperation prepares bulk multiple grain scale reinforced aluminum with subsequent specific plastic deformation and heat treatment method
The technology of alloy.Plastic deformation used can be the deformation technologies such as upsetting pressure repeatedly, rolling.It, can be with using solid-liquid composite casting
The perfect primary interface of acquisition, such interface non-oxidation is mingled with and continuous whole, reinforcing with higher to deformation and coordination work
With.And using the difference of each aluminium alloy constituent element degree of grain refinement in heat treatment process, non-homogeneous crystalline substance is formed in block materials
Grain refinement, to obtain the different soft or hard phase of refined crystalline strengthening degree.Significant back is formed in deformation process, between soft or hard phase to answer
Power is strengthened, to obtain high-strength and high ductility multilayer aluminium alloy.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprising the following steps:
The first step, pretreatment: selecting the aluminium alloy of two or more different-alloy ingredient, will first inlay solid in casting
Polymorphic segment carries out ingot casting and sheet fabrication.Aluminum alloy sheet material surface obtained is polished and cleaned, the greasy dirt on surface is removed
And oxidation film, and surface heat zinc-plated processing is used, zinc coating thickness is 0.1~50 μm, and galvanized layer thickness follows three principles: protecting
Under the premise of card plays enough protective effects, thickness is controlled as far as possible, and avoid the aggregation for occurring zinc on zinc coat.It will be zinc-plated
Treated, and solid-state aluminum alloy plate materials are preset in mold cavity, and in mold outsourcing heating mantle, preheat solid-state aluminium alloy and mould
Tool, preheating temperature is at 100~350 DEG C, time 1-10h.
Casting: second step under oxygen barrier and inert gas shielding atmosphere, removes outsourcing heating mantle, carries out casting combination.It pours
Casting temperature is 650-800 DEG C.After the completion of casting, soaking time 2-8 minutes, 100~500 DEG C of temperature.
Plastic deformation: third step carries out cold rolling, cold rolling amount 5%-98% to block obtained by multilayer aluminium alloy.
4th step forms multiple grain scale: to the sample after rolling, annealing, annealing temperature is 200-400 DEG C, when annealing
Between be 1-3h.
The present invention has a significant advantage that referring now to the prior art
1. the invention patent uses dual alloy or more molding methods of alloy solid-liquid composite casting, have greatly microcosmic
Structure designs directive property and flexibility, can adjust alloy selection according to demand, prepares a series of multiple grain scale reinforced aluminums and closes
Gold.Alloy obtained gets both the toughness and intensity of soft phase and hard phase to a certain extent, obtains the outstanding high-strength height of comprehensive performance
Tough double systems or polyphyly refined crystalline strengthening aluminium alloy.
2. multiple grain scale reinforced aluminium alloy had both had preferable heat resistance, and intensity is significantly larger than the conjunction of conventional uniform aluminium
Gold.Multiple grain scale microstructure is mixed without apparent directionality, suitable for applying on multidirectional stressed component.
3. the present invention can prepare large scale, and the number of plies and the controllable multilayer aluminium alloy of thickness, it is better able to meet industry and answers
Demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pretreatment schematic diagram of embodiment；
The casting schematic diagram of Fig. 2 embodiment；
The ingot casting and rolling schematic diagram of Fig. 3 embodiment；
The annealing schematic diagram of Fig. 4 embodiment；
The formation multiple grain scale schematic diagram of Fig. 5 embodiment.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment carries out under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention
Implement, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, it using solid-state AA8006 aluminium alloy and liquid Al-0.1Mg aluminium alloy as embodiment, provides detailed
Embodiment and concrete operations, it includes: pretreatment, casting, plastic deformation, multiple grain ruler that following embodiment, which is related to three-procedure,
Degree, in which:
As shown in Figure 1, surface carries out chemical cleaning by solid-state AA8006 aluminium alloy material, greasy dirt and the oxidation on surface are removed
Object, then surface zinc-plated processing is carried out, zinc coat uses plating mode, and zinc coating thickness is 30 μm.By treated, solid-state fine aluminium is pre-
It sets intracavitary in 1 type of mold.Then in mold outsourcing heating mantle 2, solid-state fine aluminium and mold 1 are preheated, preheating temperature at 200 DEG C, when
Between be 2h.
As shown in Fig. 2, removal outsourcing heating mantle 2 carries out casting combination under oxygen barrier and inert gas shielding atmosphere.It will
Liquid Al-0.1Mg aluminium alloy is poured into from cast gate, until riser overflows, cast temperature is 700 DEG C or so, after casting complete, rapidly
Heating mantle heat preservation is wrapped, soaking time 2 minutes, 200 DEG C of temperature, forms perfect metallurgical bonding to help solid liquid interface.
As shown in figure 3, forming ingot casting 3, mode cuts MULTILAYER COMPOSITE Al-0.1Mg/ on ingot casting 3 as illustrated
AA8006 Al alloy block 5, and aluminium alloy block 5 is rolled along the face C direction by milling train 6, finally obtain rolling state multilayer
Al-0.1Mg/AA8006 aluminium alloy block 7.
As shown in figure 4, in the case where argon gas protects atmosphere, carrying out 250 DEG C to sample, the annealing of 1h is complete with vacuum high temperature furnace 8
At processing.The multiple grain scale reinforced aluminium alloy of acquisition, microstructure schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b.Due to Al-0.1Mg
Recrystallization state, the grain refining effect difference of aluminium alloy and AA8006 at 250 DEG C, form such a multiple grain scale
Mixed microstructure.
A kind of layer is successfully made by the alloying process for inlaying casting solid-liquid combination and heat treatment in the present invention
The high-performance aluminium alloy of chip architecture.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, characterized by comprising: pretreatment, casting,
Plastic deformation and four step process of multiple grain scale, select the aluminium alloy of two or more heterogeneity, carry out inlaying casting,
MULTILAYER COMPOSITE aluminium alloy cast ingot is made in solid-liquid combination heterogeneity aluminum alloy；Plastic deformation is carried out again obtains what fine and close, multicomponent mixed
Blank；Finally by subsequent heat treatment, obtains multiple grain scale and strengthen multi-layer sheet structure aluminum alloy materials.
2. the preparation method that multiple grain scale according to claim 1 strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that institute
Stating pretreating process is specially by solid aluminium alloy, and surface carries out chemical cleaning, removes the greasy dirt and oxide on surface, then carry out
Plating, hot-dip, thermal spraying or vapor deposition can be used in surface zinc-plated processing, zinc coat, and zinc coating thickness is 0.1~50 μm；It will
Treated, and solid-state aluminium alloy is preset at that specifically to inlay casting mould type intracavitary；Then in mold outsourcing heating mantle, pre- thermosetting
State aluminium alloy and mold, preheating temperature is at 100~350 DEG C, time 1-10h.
3. the preparation method that multiple grain scale according to claim 2 strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that institute
The solid aluminium alloy stated is plate, bar, mesh-shaped.
4. the preparation method that multiple grain scale according to claim 1 strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that institute
State casting process are as follows: under oxygen barrier and inert gas shielding atmosphere, remove outsourcing heating mantle, carry out casting combination.Pouring temperature
It is 650~800 DEG C.After the completion of casting, wraps heating mantle and keep the temperature, soaking time 2-8min, 100~500 DEG C of temperature.
5. the preparation method that multiple grain scale according to claim 1 strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that institute
State plastic deformation and multiple grain scale technique are as follows: roll to multilayer aluminum alloy block, roller temperature is 100~200 DEG C.It is logical
Crossing rolling can control layer thickness.It anneals to the sample after rolling, annealing temperature is 200-400 DEG C, and annealing time is
1-3h。
6. a kind of multiple grain scale of the described in any item method preparations of claim 1-5 strengthens multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810307275.8A CN110343909A (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-04-08 | A kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy |
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| CN201810307275.8A CN110343909A (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-04-08 | A kind of multiple grain scale strengthens the preparation method of multi-layer sheet structure aluminium alloy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111589892A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 南京理工大学 | Preparation method of layered aluminum-based composite material plate |
| CN113145709A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-07-23 | 重庆大学 | Sheet forming soft die structure with enhanced additive manufacturing insert and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115094277A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-23 | 上海交通大学 | Mixed crystal structure aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023165636A1 (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-09-07 | 江苏大学 | Heterogeneous alloy bar and preparation method therefor |
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| CN1426857A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2003-07-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Liquid phase rolling method for preparing metal composite material |
| CN105537564A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing bimetal composite material by solid and liquid bonding and rolling on solid aluminum material in combined manner |
| JP2017185548A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | Centrifugal casting hot-rolling compound roll |
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| CN1426857A (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2003-07-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Liquid phase rolling method for preparing metal composite material |
| CN105537564A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing bimetal composite material by solid and liquid bonding and rolling on solid aluminum material in combined manner |
| JP2017185548A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | Centrifugal casting hot-rolling compound roll |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| TENG LIU 等: "An investigation into aluminum–aluminum bimetal fabrication by squeeze casting", 《MATERIALS AND DESIGN》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111589892A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 南京理工大学 | Preparation method of layered aluminum-based composite material plate |
| CN111589892B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-06-22 | 南京理工大学 | Preparation method of layered aluminum-based composite material plate |
| CN113145709A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-07-23 | 重庆大学 | Sheet forming soft die structure with enhanced additive manufacturing insert and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115094277A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-23 | 上海交通大学 | Mixed crystal structure aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115094277B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-01-24 | 上海交通大学 | Mixed crystal structure aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023165636A1 (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-09-07 | 江苏大学 | Heterogeneous alloy bar and preparation method therefor |
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Application publication date: 20191018 |