CN111587842B - Integrated-scale breeding method for Muscovy ducks - Google Patents
Integrated-scale breeding method for Muscovy ducks Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated-scale Muscovy duck breeding method which comprises (1) reinforcing Muscovy ducks in 0-7 days old, keeping the duck shed at 31-32 ℃ and keeping the density at 45-55 feather/m2(ii) a Feeding the reinforced duckling feed A every day; when the duck shed is 8-21 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is 28-30 ℃; feeding the reinforced duckling feed B every day; when the duck shed is 22-35 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is 21-23 ℃; feeding the reinforced duckling feed C every day; (2) feeding in different columns, namely transferring to a net bed for feeding at 4 weeks old, and feeding in different columns; after the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, the temperature of the duck shed is 19-20 ℃, and after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, the daily feeding amount is increased to 4.5-5.0% of the weight;the breeding method provided by the invention enhances the immunity of the ducklings bred at high density, improves the adaptability of the ducklings bred at high density, is stable in development and short in breeding period, realizes efficient and stable integrated large-scale breeding of the Muscovy ducks, and is high in survival rate and good in marketing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding, in particular to an integrated-scale breeding method for Muscovy ducks.
Background
Muscovy ducks, also known as quail geese and musk ducks, belong to different species with common domestic ducks, are native in tropical regions in central and south America, are mainly bred in south, are excellent meat ducks, are good in meat quality, low in fat, high in lean meat and high in protein content, and are popular with consumers due to rich nutrition. With the continuous development of poultry breeding industry, the raised Muscovy ducks are gradually developed into large-scale breeding from the past farmer free-ranging so as to improve the economic benefit of farmers.
However, due to unreasonable scale cultivation technology and management, the problems of economic benefits of scale cultivation of Muscovy ducks and unstable marketing amount are often caused, and particularly for Muscovy ducks within 4-5 weeks, the Muscovy ducks have poor cold resistance, low resistance, susceptibility to epidemic diseases and easy mass death of Muscovy ducks, so that the Muscovy ducks are low in survival rate and high in morbidity, the cultivation period is long, and the development of integrated scale cultivation of Muscovy ducks is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an integrated-scale Muscovy duck breeding method.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an integrated-scale Muscovy duck breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
placing 0-7 days old young Muscovy ducks in a duck shed at the temperature of 31-32 ℃ at the feather/m of 45-55 feather/m2The density is raised, and 24 hours of continuous illumination is provided every day; feeding the reinforced duckling feed A for the first-stage reinforcement 8-10 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed A is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are added into the duckling feed by 0.5-1 wt%, and the daily feeding amount is 0.6-0.8% of the weight of the duckling;
when the Muscovy ducks are 8-21 days old, cooling the duck shed to 28-30 ℃, cooling to 24-26 ℃ at a rate of 0.5-1 ℃ per day from 10 days old, and providing illumination for 19-21 hours per day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed B for a second stage of enhancement 5-6 times every day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed B is a mixture formed by adding 3-5 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder into duckling feed, and 0.02-0.04% of galactomannan-oligosaccharides and 0.05-0.1% of composite probiotics; the daily feeding amount is 1.0-1.5% of the weight of the ducklings;
when the Muscovy ducks are 22-35 days old, cooling the duck shed to 21-23 ℃; providing natural illumination for 10-12 hours every day; feeding reinforced duckling feed C for 4-5 times every day for a third stage of reinforcement, wherein the reinforced duckling feed C is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are 6-10% by weight, galactomannan-oligosaccharides which are 0.06-0.08% and composite probiotics which are 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the duckling, and the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the duckling;
(2) feeding in columns:
when Muscovy ducks are 4 weeks old, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, and meanwhile, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, wherein the feeding density is 20-25 feather/m2(ii) a After the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, adjusting the temperature of the duck shed to be 19-20 ℃, feeding Muscovy ducks with feed for 3-5 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount of Muscovy ducks is weight4.0-4.5%, wherein the daily feeding amount of the female ducks is 3.5-4.0% of the body weight; after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, increasing the daily feeding amount of Muscovy duck feed of male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks to 4.5-5.0% of the weight, and feeding Muscovy duck feed for 2-3 times every day; regularly adopt the mode of ultraviolet irradiation and spray rinsing combination to disinfect, wash duck house and net bed. On the one hand, the muscovy duck is intensively raised by stages according to different development stages of the muscovy duck, the muscovy duck is intensively raised for 3 times by feeding the mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder with different amounts into feed of the muscovy duck, galactomannan oligosaccharide and composite probiotics are fed by stages, the intestinal development and digestion and absorption capacity of the muscovy duck are improved, the immunity of high-density raising is enhanced, meanwhile, the raising temperature and the illumination condition of the muscovy duck are regulated and controlled, and the transition and adaptation of the muscovy duck to the temperature are enhanced by adopting a shorter illumination condition in a mode of regulating the raising temperature in a stepped mode when the muscovy duck is 8-21 days old, the growth and development of the high-density raising of the muscovy duck are promoted, and the survival rate is improved. On the other hand, according to different growth stages of the Muscovy ducks, the Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, the Muscovy ducks are fed in a combined mode of a duck shed and a net bed, the feeding density and the feeding amount are adjusted, domestication of the Muscovy ducks in different growth environments is facilitated, the movement capacity of the Muscovy ducks is improved, the Muscovy ducks are stable in development, the breeding period is effectively shortened, accordingly, high-efficiency and stable high-density integrated scale Muscovy duck breeding is achieved, the survival rate is high, and the marketing quality is good.
Further, after the Muscovy ducks are aged to 7 weeks, 1-5% of shrimp and crab shell powder, egg shell powder and rice hull powder by weight are added into the Muscovy duck feed; the mass ratio of the shrimp crab shell powder to the egg shell powder to the rice husk powder is (3-7): (1-3): (1-3). After 7 weeks old muscovy ducks are fed with the shrimp and crab shell powder, the egg shell powder and the rice husk powder in an auxiliary mode, digestion and absorption of the muscovy ducks in the feed are promoted, and the feather wings of the muscovy ducks grow plump and glossy.
Further explaining, the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder in the reinforced duckling feed A is as follows: (13-15), (7-9), (0.1-0.5).
Further explaining, the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder in the reinforced duckling feed B is as follows: (13-15), (7-9), (1-2).
Further explaining, the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder in the reinforced duckling feed C is as follows: (13 to 15), (7 to 9) and (3 to 5).
Further, the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mass ratio of (1-3) - (5-8) - (1-3). Improving the intestinal development and digestion of the ducklings, enhancing the resistance and reducing the infection morbidity.
Further explaining, the duckling feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of wheat flour, 3-8 parts of corn protein powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 0.5-1 part of amino acid, 0.02-0.08 part of mineral additive and 0.05-0.15 part of vitamin additive.
Further, the Muscovy duck feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of wheat flour, 1-2 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-8 parts of puffed soybean, 3-6 parts of rice bran, 2-4 parts of corn protein powder, 1-3 parts of shell powder, 1-3 parts of bone meal, 0.5-1 part of egg white powder, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.8-1.5 parts of amino acid, 0.03-0.05 part of mineral additive and 0.08-0.1 part of vitamin additive.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a mode of carrying out staged intensive feeding on the young muscovy ducks, reasonably and scientifically carries out 3 times of intensive feeding on the young muscovy ducks by feeding the mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder with different amounts into the feed of the young muscovy ducks according to different development stages of the young muscovy ducks, and feeds galactomannan oligosaccharide and compound probiotics in stages, thereby improving the intestinal tract and skeleton development of the young muscovy ducks, improving the digestion and absorption capacity of the young muscovy ducks and enhancing the immunity of the young muscovy ducks cultured at high density. In addition, according to different growth stages of the Muscovy ducks, the Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns in a proper growth period, the Muscovy ducks are fed in a combined mode of a duck shed and a net bed, the feeding density and the feeding amount are correspondingly adjusted, the Muscovy ducks are domesticated in different growth environments, the movement capability and the adaptability of the Muscovy ducks are enhanced, the growth is stable, the breeding period is shortened, the high-efficiency and stable high-density integrated scale Muscovy duck breeding is realized, the survival rate is high, and the slaughtering quality is good.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Embodiment 1-an integrated scale muscovy duck breeding method, comprising the steps of:
(1) c, young muscovy duck strengthening:
placing 0-7 days old Muscovy duck into duck shed at 31 deg.C to obtain duck shed with feather/m2The density is raised, and 24 hours of continuous illumination is provided every day; feeding the reinforced duckling feed A for the first stage reinforcement by 8 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed A is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are mixed into the duckling feed by 0.5 wt%, and the daily feeding amount is 0.6% of the weight of the duckling;
when the Muscovy ducks are 8-21 days old, cooling the duck shed to 28 ℃, cooling to 24 ℃ at the rate of 1 ℃ per day from 10 days old, and providing illumination for 19 hours per day; feeding reinforced duckling feed B for the second stage of reinforcement by 5 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed B is a mixture of 3 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder, 0.02% of galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.05% of composite probiotics; the daily feeding amount is 1.0 percent of the weight of the ducklings;
when the Muscovy ducks are 22-35 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is reduced to 21 ℃; providing natural illumination for 10h every day; feeding reinforced duckling feed C for a third stage of reinforcement by 4 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed C is prepared by mixing 6 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder in duckling feed, 0.06% of galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.1% of composite probiotics, and the daily feeding amount is 2% of the weight of the duckling;
(2) feeding in columns:
when Muscovy ducks are 4 weeks old, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, and the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, wherein the feeding density is 20 feather/m2(ii) a After the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, adjusting the temperature of the duck shed to be 19 ℃, feeding Muscovy ducks for 3 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount of male Muscovy ducks is 4.0% of the body weight, and the daily feeding amount of female ducks is 3.5% of the body weight;
after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, the Muscovy duck feed of male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks is fed to 4.5% of the body weight every day, and Muscovy duck feed is fed for 2 times every day; regularly adopt the mode of ultraviolet irradiation and spray rinsing combination to disinfect, wash duck house and net bed.
Embodiment 2-an integrated scale muscovy duck breeding method, comprising the steps of:
(1) c, young muscovy duck strengthening:
placing 0-7 days old Muscovy duck into duck shed at 32 deg.C with a feather/m of 55 feather2The density is raised, and 24 hours of continuous illumination is provided every day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed A for a first stage enhancement 10 times a day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed A is a mixture of 1 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder, and the mass ratio of the mung bean powder to the water chestnut powder to the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7:0.1, wherein the daily feeding amount is 0.8 percent of the weight of the ducklings;
when the Muscovy ducks are 8-21 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is reduced to 30 ℃, the duck shed is reduced to 26 ℃ at the rate of reducing the temperature by 0.5 ℃ every day from 10 days old, and light is provided for 21 hours every day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed B for the second stage enhancement 6 times a day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed B is prepared by doping a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder with 5% by weight, 0.04% galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.1% composite probiotics, and the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7: 1; the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1:5:1:1, and the daily feeding amount is 1.5% of the weight of the duckling;
when the Muscovy ducks are 22-35 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is reduced to 23 ℃; providing natural illumination for 12h every day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed C for a third stage of enhancement by 5 times every day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed C is prepared by adding 10 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder into duckling feed, and 0.08% of galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.3% of composite probiotics, and the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7:3, wherein the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1:5:1: 1; the daily feeding amount is 3 percent of the weight of the ducklings;
wherein, the duckling feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wheat flour, 3 parts of corn protein powder, 5 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of fish meal, 0.5 part of amino acid, 0.02 part of mineral additive and 0.05 part of vitamin additive.
(2) Feeding in columns:
when Muscovy ducks are 4 weeks old, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, and the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, wherein the feeding density is 25 feather/m2(ii) a After the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, adjusting the temperature of the duck shed to be 20 ℃, feeding Muscovy ducks with feed 5 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount of male Muscovy ducks is 4.5% of the body weight, and the daily feeding amount of female ducks is 3.5% of the body weight;
after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, increasing the Muscovy duck feed daily feeding amount of male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks to 5.0 percent of the body weight, and feeding Muscovy duck feed 3 times every day;
the Muscovy duck feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wheat flour, 1 part of fermented soybean meal, 2 parts of expanded soybean, 3 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of corn protein powder, 1 part of shell powder, 1 part of bone meal, 0.5 part of egg white powder, 0.05 part of choline chloride, 0.8 part of amino acid, 0.03 part of mineral additive and 0.08 part of vitamin additive. Regularly adopt the mode of ultraviolet irradiation and spray rinsing combination to disinfect, wash duck house and net bed.
Embodiment 3-an integrated scale muscovy duck breeding method, comprising the steps of:
(1) c, young muscovy duck strengthening:
selecting ventilated and dried duck shed, cleaning, sterilizing, and placing 0-7 days old Muscovy duck into the duck shed at 31 deg.C to obtain duck shed with 50 feather/m2The density is raised, and 24 hours of continuous illumination is provided every day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed A for a first stage enhancement by 9 times every day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed A is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are added into the duckling feed by 0.8 weight percent, and the mass ratio of the mung bean powder to the water chestnut powder to the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7:0.5, wherein the daily feeding amount is 0.7 percent of the weight of the ducklings;
when the Muscovy ducks are 8-21 days old, cooling the duck shed to 29 ℃, cooling to 25 ℃ at a rate of 0.5 ℃ per day from 10 days old, and providing light for 20 hours per day; feeding reinforced duckling feed B for the second stage reinforcement by 6 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed B is a mixture of 4 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder, 0.03% of galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.08% of composite probiotics; the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder are in mass ratio: 13:7: 2; the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 3:8:3:3, and the daily feeding amount is 1.2% of the weight of the duckling;
when the Muscovy ducks are 22-35 days old, the temperature of the duck shed is reduced to 22 ℃; providing natural illumination for 12h every day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed C for a third stage of enhancement by 5 times every day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed C is prepared by doping 8 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder into a duckling feed, and 0.07 wt% of galactomannan oligosaccharide and 0.2 wt% of composite probiotics, and the mass ratio of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7:5, wherein the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 3:8:3: 3; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the ducklings;
wherein, the duckling feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of wheat flour, 8 parts of corn protein powder, 10 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of fish meal, 1 part of amino acid, 0.08 part of mineral additive and 0.15 part of vitamin additive.
(2) Feeding in columns:
when Muscovy ducks are 4 weeks old, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, and the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, wherein the feeding density is 23 feather/m2(ii) a After the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, adjusting the temperature of the duck shed to be 19 ℃, feeding Muscovy ducks for 4 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount of male Muscovy ducks is 4.3% of the body weight, and the daily feeding amount of female ducks is 3.8% of the body weight;
after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, increasing the Muscovy duck feed of male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks to 4.6 percent of the weight per day, and feeding Muscovy duck feed for 3 times every day;
the Muscovy duck feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of wheat flour, 2 parts of fermented soybean meal, 8 parts of expanded soybean, 6 parts of rice bran, 4 parts of corn protein powder, 1-3 parts of shell powder, 3 parts of bone meal, 1 part of egg white powder, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 1.5 parts of amino acid, 0.05 part of mineral additive and 0.1 part of vitamin additive. Regularly adopt the mode of ultraviolet irradiation and spray rinsing combination to disinfect, wash duck house and net bed.
Example 4-an integrated scale muscovy duck farming method according to example 3, with the difference that: after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, 1-5% of shrimp and crab shell powder, egg shell powder and rice hull powder by weight are mixed into Muscovy duck feed; the mass ratio of the shrimp crab shell powder to the egg shell powder to the rice husk powder is 5: 2: 2, the rest is the same as example 3.
Comparative example 1-an integrated scale muscovy duck farming method according to example 3, with the following differences: in the process of reinforcing 8-21 days old muscovy ducks, the muscovy ducks are kept at the temperature of 24 ℃ in the duck shed for the second stage of reinforcement, the reinforcement mode is the same as that of the embodiment 3, 24 hours of light is provided every day, and the rest steps are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 2-an integrated scale muscovy duck farming method according to example 3, with the following differences: in the process of reinforcing young muscovy ducks at the age of 0-35 days, the three-stage reinforcement is to mix the mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder with the weight percentage of 4% into the feed of the young muscovy ducks, wherein the mass ratio of the mung bean powder to the water chestnut powder to the moringa oleifera leaf powder is as follows: 13:7:3, the feeding amount per strengthening day is the same as that of the example 3, and the rest steps are the same as those of the example 3.
Comparative example 3-an integrated scale muscovy duck farming method according to example 3, with the following differences: when Muscovy ducks are 5 weeks old, feeding male and female Muscovy ducks in different columns; after the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, the daily feeding amount is the same as that of the example 3, and the rest steps are the same as those of the example 3.
According to the integrated scale Muscovy duck breeding method, 500 Muscovy ducks which are just hatched and have the average weight of 55g are selected, the Muscovy ducks which are just hatched and have the shells are divided into 5 experimental groups according to the breeding methods of the examples 3-4 and the comparative examples 1-3, each group comprises 100 Muscovy ducks, the survival rate and the morbidity of the Muscovy ducks (before 5 weeks of age) under different breeding conditions and methods, the number of Muscovy ducks for slaughtering, the slaughtering time and the slaughtering weight are respectively counted, and the results are as follows:
the integrated-scale breeding method for the muscovy ducks has the advantages that the survival rate of the muscovy ducks can reach more than 99%, the morbidity is obviously reduced, the slaughter quantity is stable, the slaughter weight of the muscovy ducks is obviously increased under the same slaughter time, the growth rate of the muscovy ducks is improved, and the slaughter time of the muscovy ducks is effectively shortened. In example 4, after 7 weeks old cairina moschata is fed with shrimp and crab shell powder, egg shell powder and rice husk powder in an auxiliary mode, digestion and absorption of cairina moschata on feed can be further promoted, the average slaughtering weight of cairina moschata is further increased, the growth rate of cairina moschata is accelerated, and the cairina moschata grows plump and has good glossiness.
Comparing the data of the embodiment 3 with the data of the comparative example 1, it can be seen that in the growth stage of the young muscovy ducks aged 8-21 days, the mode of adjusting the cultivation temperature in a stepped manner under a shorter illumination condition is adopted, so that the transition and adaptation of the young muscovy ducks to the temperature can be enhanced, the good growth and development of the high-density cultivation of the young muscovy ducks are promoted, the survival rate and the growth quality of the young muscovy ducks are improved, the stable development of the muscovy ducks from middle ducks to adult ducks is guaranteed, and the stable slaughtering quantity and weight are guaranteed. Compared with the comparative example 2, the invention has the advantages that according to different development stages of the young muscovy ducks, the young muscovy ducks are fed with the mixture of the mung bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder in different amounts and are mixed into the feed of the young muscovy ducks for 3 times of intensive feeding, the digestion and absorption capacity of the young muscovy ducks is favorably improved, the immunity of high-density breeding is enhanced, the survival rate of the young muscovy ducks is improved, the morbidity is reduced, the development is stable, and the growth rate is improved. Compared with the comparative example 3, the method selects the proper Muscovy duck growth period for the fence feeding and the duck shed and net bed combined periodic feeding, is beneficial to domestication of Muscovy ducks in different growth environments, improves the motor ability of Muscovy ducks, is stable in development, is easy to cause stress reaction of Muscovy ducks too early or too late, slows down the growth rate of Muscovy ducks, and influences the development effect and the fence appearance effect of Muscovy ducks.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. An integrated-scale Muscovy duck breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) c, young muscovy duck strengthening:
placing 0-7 days old young Muscovy ducks in a duck shed at the temperature of 31-32 ℃ at the feather/m of 45-55 feather/m2The density is raised, and 24 hours of continuous illumination is provided every day; feeding the reinforced duckling feed A for the first-stage reinforcement 8-10 times every day, wherein the reinforced duckling feed A is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are added into the duckling feed by 0.5-1 wt%, and the daily feeding amount is 0.6-0.8% of the weight of the duckling; the green bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder are in mass ratio: (13-15): (7-9) (0.1 &)0.5);
When the Muscovy ducks are 8-21 days old, cooling the duck shed to 28-30 ℃, cooling to 24-26 ℃ at a rate of 0.5-1 ℃ per day from 10 days old, and providing illumination for 19-21 hours per day; feeding an enhanced duckling feed B for a second stage of enhancement 5-6 times every day, wherein the enhanced duckling feed B is a mixture formed by adding 3-5 wt% of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder into duckling feed, and 0.02-0.04% of galactomannan-oligosaccharides and 0.05-0.1% of composite probiotics; the daily feeding amount is 1.0-1.5% of the weight of the ducklings; the green bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder are in mass ratio: (13-15): (7-9) and (1-2);
when the Muscovy ducks are 22-35 days old, cooling the duck shed to 21-23 ℃; providing natural illumination for 10-12 hours every day; feeding reinforced duckling feed C for 4-5 times every day for a third stage of reinforcement, wherein the reinforced duckling feed C is a mixture of mung bean powder, water chestnut powder and moringa oleifera leaf powder which are 6-10% by weight, galactomannan-oligosaccharides which are 0.06-0.08% and composite probiotics which are 0.1-0.3% of the weight of the duckling, and the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the duckling; the green bean powder, the water chestnut powder and the moringa oleifera leaf powder are in mass ratio: (13-15): (7-9) and (3-5);
(2) feeding in columns:
when Muscovy ducks are 4 weeks old, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are transferred to a ventilated and dry net bed for feeding, and meanwhile, the male Muscovy ducks and the female Muscovy ducks are fed in different columns, wherein the feeding density is 20-25 feather/m2(ii) a After the Muscovy ducks are 6 weeks old, adjusting the temperature of the duck shed to be 19-20 ℃, feeding Muscovy ducks with feed 3-5 times every day, wherein the daily feeding amount of the Muscovy ducks is 4.0-4.5% of the body weight, and the daily feeding amount of the Muscovy ducks is 3.5-4.0% of the body weight; after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, increasing the daily feeding amount of Muscovy duck feed of male Muscovy ducks and female Muscovy ducks to 4.5-5.0% of the weight, and feeding Muscovy duck feed for 2-3 times every day; regularly adopt the mode of ultraviolet irradiation and spray rinsing combination to disinfect, wash duck house and net bed.
2. The integrated scale Muscovy duck cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after the Muscovy ducks are 7 weeks old, 1-5% of shrimp and crab shell powder, egg shell powder and rice hull powder by weight are mixed into Muscovy duck feed; the mass ratio of the shrimp crab shell powder to the egg shell powder to the rice husk powder is (3-7): (1-3): (1-3).
3. The integrated scale Muscovy duck cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, clostridium butyricum and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mass ratio of (1-3) - (5-8) - (1-3).
4. The integrated scale Muscovy duck cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the duckling feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of wheat flour, 3-8 parts of corn protein powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 0.5-1 part of amino acid, 0.02-0.08 part of mineral additive and 0.05-0.15 part of vitamin additive.
5. The integrated scale Muscovy duck cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the Muscovy duck feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of wheat flour, 1-2 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-8 parts of puffed soybean, 3-6 parts of rice bran, 2-4 parts of corn protein powder, 1-3 parts of shell powder, 1-3 parts of bone meal, 0.5-1 part of egg white powder, 0.05-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.8-1.5 parts of amino acid, 0.03-0.05 part of mineral additive and 0.08-0.1 part of vitamin additive.
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