CN111585499A - Control device, vehicle system, and control method - Google Patents
Control device, vehicle system, and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585499A CN111585499A CN202010089534.1A CN202010089534A CN111585499A CN 111585499 A CN111585499 A CN 111585499A CN 202010089534 A CN202010089534 A CN 202010089534A CN 111585499 A CN111585499 A CN 111585499A
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- control
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- loss
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a control device, a vehicle system and a control method capable of improving power consumption. The control device is provided with: a data acquisition unit that acquires torque data indicating a driving torque of a motor, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the motor, and direct-current voltage data indicating a direct-current voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an alternating current to the motor; a determination criterion deriving unit that derives a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and a control method determination unit that determines which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter, based on the determination criterion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control device, a vehicle system and a control method.
Background
Conventionally, vehicles using an Electric motor as a power source, such as Electric Vehicles (EV), Hybrid Vehicles (HV), and Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV), have been developed.
Single pulse control and pulse width modulation control have been developed as control methods for a converter that supplies an ac current to a motor mounted on the vehicle.
For example, the electric vehicle control device of patent document 1 has a unit that switches from the synchronous 1-pulse control mode to the multi-pulse control mode when the converter frequency in the synchronous 1-pulse control mode is within a specific frequency band.
[ Prior art documents ]
[ patent document ]
[ patent document 1 ]
Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2009-100548
However, although the electric vehicle control device described above can reduce the converter harmonic current in a specific signal band, there are cases where the power consumption cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a control device, a vehicle system, and a control method that can improve power consumption.
[ MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS ] to solve the problems
The control device, the vehicle system, and the control method of the present invention adopt the following configurations.
(1): a control device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a data acquisition unit that acquires torque data indicating a driving torque of a motor, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the motor; a determination criterion deriving unit that derives a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and a control method determination unit that determines which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter, based on the determination criterion.
(2): in the aspect (1) above, the control device further includes: a first loss estimating unit that estimates a first loss that is a total of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor, when the single pulse control is adopted as a control method of the converter; and a second loss estimating unit that estimates a second loss that is a sum of at least a part of the loss generated by the converter and the loss generated by the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter, wherein the determination reference deriving unit derives the determination reference indicating that the single pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter when the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit is smaller than the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit.
(3): in the aspect (1) above, the control device further includes: a first loss estimating unit that estimates a first loss that is a total of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor, when the single pulse control is adopted as a control method of the converter; and a second loss estimating unit that estimates a second loss that is a sum of at least a part of the loss generated by the converter and the loss generated by the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as the control method of the converter, wherein the criterion deriving unit derives the criterion indicating that the pulse width modulation control is adopted as the control method of the converter when the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit is smaller than the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit.
(4): in the aspect (1) described above, the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a monopulse control lower limit rotation speed that is a lower limit of the rotation speed of the motor when the monopulse control can be employed as the control method of the converter as a function of the dc voltage and the drive torque, and the control method determination unit determines, when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or greater than the monopulse control lower limit rotation speed, to employ the monopulse control as the control method of the converter.
(5): in the aspect (1) described above, the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed that is a lower limit of the rotation speed of the motor when the single-pulse control can be adopted as the control method of the converter as a function of the dc voltage and the drive torque, and the control method determination unit determines, as the control method of the converter, to adopt the pulse width modulation control when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is smaller than the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed.
(6): in the aspect (1) described above, the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a pulse width modulation control upper limit torque and a pulse width modulation control lower limit torque, which are upper and lower limits of the driving torque of the motor when the pulse width modulation control can be adopted as the control method of the converter, as the function of the rotation speed and the dc voltage, and the control method determination unit determines to adopt the single pulse control as the control method of the converter when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is smaller than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque or when the driving torque indicated by the torque data exceeds the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque.
(7): in the aspect (1) described above, the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a pulse width modulation control upper limit torque and a pulse width modulation control lower limit torque, which are upper and lower limits of the driving torque of the motor when the pulse width modulation control can be adopted as the control method of the converter, as a function of the motor rotation speed and the dc voltage, and the control method determination unit determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is equal to or greater than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque and equal to or less than the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque.
(8): a vehicle system according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a data acquisition unit that acquires torque data indicating a driving torque of an electric motor as a power source of a vehicle, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the electric motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the electric motor; a determination criterion deriving unit that derives a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and a control method determination unit that determines which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter, based on the determination criterion.
(9): the control method of an aspect of the present invention includes: a data acquisition step of acquiring torque data indicating a driving torque of a motor, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the motor; a determination criterion deriving step of deriving a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and a control method determining step of determining which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter based on the determination criterion.
[ Effect of the invention ]
According to (1) to (9), the control device determines which of the monopulse control and the pulse width modulation control is to be adopted, based on a criterion for determining the driving efficiency of the motor derived based on the use torque data, the rotation speed data, and the dc voltage data. Thus, the control device can improve power consumption.
According to (2), the control device derives a determination criterion indicating that the monopulse control is preferable as the control method of the converter when the first loss is smaller than the second loss. Thus, the control device can improve power consumption by adopting the single pulse control after confirming that the loss in the case of adopting the single pulse control is smaller than the loss in the case of adopting the pulse width modulation control.
According to (3), the control device derives a determination criterion indicating that the pulse width modulation control is preferable as the control method of the converter when the second loss is smaller than the first loss. Thus, the control device can improve power consumption by using the pulse width modulation control after confirming that the loss in the case of using the pulse width modulation control is smaller than the loss in the case of using the single pulse control.
According to (4), the control device derives the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed as a determination reference. The control device determines to adopt the single-pulse control when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or more than the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed. Thus, the control device can improve the power consumption by adopting the single pulse control in accordance with the driving torque of the motor 12 without executing the process of estimating the first loss in the case of adopting the single pulse control, the process of estimating the second loss in the case of adopting the pulse width modulation control, and the process of comparing the magnitude relation between the first loss and the second loss.
According to (5), the control device derives the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed as a determination reference. The control device determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is less than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed. Thus, the control device can improve the power consumption by adopting the single pulse control in accordance with the driving torque of the motor 12 without executing the process of estimating the first loss in the case of adopting the single pulse control, the process of estimating the second loss in the case of adopting the pulse width modulation control, and the process of comparing the magnitude relation between the first loss and the second loss.
According to (6), the control device derives the pwm control upper limit torque and the pwm control lower limit torque as the determination criteria. The control device determines to adopt the single pulse control when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is smaller than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque or when the driving torque indicated by the torque data exceeds the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque. Thus, the control device can improve the power consumption by adopting the single pulse control in accordance with the driving torque of the motor 12 without executing the process of estimating the first loss in the case of adopting the single pulse control, the process of estimating the second loss in the case of adopting the pulse width modulation control, and the process of comparing the magnitude relation between the first loss and the second loss.
According to (7), the control device derives the pwm control upper limit torque and the pwm control lower limit torque as the determination criteria. The control device determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is equal to or more than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque and equal to or less than the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque. Thus, the control device can improve the power consumption by adopting the single pulse control in accordance with the driving torque of the motor 12 without executing the process of estimating the first loss in the case of adopting the single pulse control, the process of estimating the second loss in the case of adopting the pulse width modulation control, and the process of comparing the magnitude relation between the first loss and the second loss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to a first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the first PDU and the control device of the first embodiment and their peripheral configurations.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter of the first embodiment when the sine wave pulse width modulation control is executed.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter of the first embodiment when the overmodulation pulse width modulation control is executed.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter of the first embodiment when the single pulse control is performed.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the driving torque of the motor, the rotation speed of the motor, and the dc voltage supplied to the converter and the first loss in the case where the single pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter of the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the driving torque of the motor, the rotation speed of the motor, and the dc voltage supplied to the converter and the second loss in the case where the pulse width modulation control is adopted as the control method of the converter of the first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing executed by the control device of the first embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of the single-pulse control lower limit rotational speed, the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque, and the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque derived by the control device of the second embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of processing executed by the control device of the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of a control device, a vehicle system, and a control method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
< first embodiment >
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to a first embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle 1 includes, for example, a motor generator 10, an engine 20, a first PDU (power Drive unit)30, a second PDU40, a battery 50, a Drive wheel 60A, a Drive wheel 60B, a transmission 62, an axle 64, and a control device 80.
The motor generator 10 includes a motor 12, a sensor 14, and a generator 16.
The motor 12 is a power source of the vehicle 1. The motor 12 is driven by, for example, an alternating current supplied from at least one of the first PDU30 and the generator 16. The first PDU30 converts the dc power supplied from the battery 50 into an ac current by the converter 38 and supplies the ac current to the motor 12. The power generated by the motor 12 is transmitted to an axle 64 via a transmission 62. The electric motor 12 functions as a regenerative generator when the vehicle 1 is braked. In this case, the electric motor 12 outputs the electric power generated by this action to the battery 50 via the first PDU 30.
The sensor 14 detects, for example, a driving torque and a rotation speed of the motor 12, and generates torque data indicating the driving torque and rotation speed data indicating the rotation speed.
The generator 16 receives power generated by the engine 20 and rotates to generate electric power. The electric power generated by the generator 16 is supplied to the battery 50 via the second PDU 40. The generator 16 may also be omitted. In this case, the electric motor 12 generates electric power instead of the generator 16 to supply electric power to the battery 50.
The engine 20 is a power source of the vehicle 1. The power generated by the engine 20 is transmitted to an axle 64 via a transmission 62. Alternatively, power generated by the engine 20 is transmitted to the generator 16.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the first PDU and the control device of the first embodiment and their peripheral configurations.
As shown in fig. 2, the first PDU30 includes the first voltage sensor 32, the booster 34, the second voltage sensor 36, the converter 38, and the current sensor 39.
The first voltage sensor 32 is connected between the battery 50 and the booster 34, and detects the voltage of the dc power input to the booster 34. The booster 34 amplifies the voltage and supplies the amplified voltage to the converter 38. The second voltage sensor 36 detects the dc voltage whose voltage is amplified by the booster 34, and generates dc voltage data indicating the dc voltage. The converter 38 converts the dc power supplied from the booster 34 into ac power and supplies the ac power to the motor 12. The current sensor 39 detects the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase currents supplied to the motor 12, and transmits data indicating each of the three currents to the control device 80.
As shown in fig. 2, the control device 80 includes a data acquisition unit 81, a first loss estimation unit 82, a second loss estimation unit 83, a determination criterion derivation unit 84, and a control method determination unit 85.
At least a part of the functions of the control device 80 is realized by executing a program (software) by a hardware processor such as a cpu (central processing unit). Some or all of these components may be realized by hardware (including circuit units) such as lsi (large Scale integration), asic (application Specific Integrated circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), gpu (graphics Processing unit), or the like, or may be realized by cooperation of software and hardware.
The data acquisition unit 81 acquires torque data, rotational speed data, and dc voltage data from the sensor 14, and acquires dc voltage data from the second voltage sensor 36.
When the single pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter 38, the first loss estimating unit 82 estimates a first loss that is the sum of all of the losses generated by the converter 38 and the losses generated by the motor 12. When Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control is employed as the control method of the converter 38, the second loss estimating unit 83 estimates a second loss that is the sum of all of the losses generated by the converter 38 and the losses generated by the motor 12.
The loss generated in the converter 38 is, for example, a heat generation loss generated by a current flow when the switching elements included in the converter 38 are in the on state, or a heat generation loss generated by a current flow when the switching elements are switched to the on state or the off state. The loss generated by the motor 12 is, for example, a heat generation loss generated by the resistance of the winding, an iron loss generated by the stator and the rotor, a wind loss generated by the friction between the rotor and the air inside the motor 12, or a mechanical loss generated in a bearing provided in the motor 12.
The pulse width modulation control is, for example, sine wave pulse width modulation control or overmodulation pulse width modulation control. The sine wave pulse width modulation control, the overmodulation pulse width modulation control and the single pulse control are controls for switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state of the switching element provided in the converter 38.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter according to the first embodiment when the sine wave pulse width modulation control is executed. In fig. 3, the vertical axis represents voltage, and the horizontal axis represents time. The sine wave pulse width modulation control is a control method for supplying an ac voltage equivalent to the ac voltage represented by sine wave W1 shown in fig. 3 to the motor 12 by adjusting the duty ratio of the voltage pulse. In the sine wave pulse width modulation control, the amplitude of the ac voltage represented by the sine wave W1 is set to be equal to or less than the amplitude of the voltage applied between the lines of the motor 12, and the pulse width modulation is performed, thereby maintaining the linearity of the voltage and the pulse width modulation control signal. Since the sine wave pulse width modulation control is control for maintaining the linearity, the number of times of switching for switching between the conductive state and the non-conductive state of the switching element provided in the converter 38 is performed is larger than that of the overmodulation pulse width modulation control and the single pulse control.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter in the first embodiment when the overmodulation pulse width modulation control is executed. In fig. 4, the vertical axis represents voltage, and the horizontal axis represents time. The overmodulation pulse width modulation control is a control scheme that allows non-linearity of the voltage and the pulse width modulation signal by performing pulse width modulation in a state where the amplitude of the alternating-current voltage represented by sine wave W2 shown in fig. 4 is larger than the amplitude of the voltage applied between the lines of motor 12. Thus, the overmodulation pulse width modulation control can distort the line-to-line voltage of the motor 12, which is a pseudo sine wave, so as to approach a rectangular wave, and increase the voltage use efficiency compared to the case where the line-to-line voltage is a pseudo sine wave.
As shown in fig. 4, at the slave time t1To time t2And from time t3To time t4In the nonlinear period (2), the absolute value of the voltage represented by the sine wave W2 is larger than the absolute value of the voltage actually applied. In these two non-linear periods, the line-to-line voltage of the motor 12 approaches a rectangular waveform from a sinusoidal waveform, and the voltage utilization rate increases. The overmodulation pulse width modulation control is control that does not maintain the linearity of the voltage and the pulse width modulation control signal, and therefore the number of times of switching is performed is smaller than that of the sine wave pulse width modulation control.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a waveform of a voltage output from the converter of the first embodiment when the single pulse control is performed. In fig. 5, the vertical axis shows voltage, and the horizontal axis shows time. The single pulse control performs switching twice for each cycle. For example, as shown in FIG. 5At time t equal to the period of sine wave W31To time t3At time t1And time t2The switching is performed at 2 time points. Comparing fig. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the single pulse control can increase the voltage utilization rate more than the overmodulation pulse width modulation control. Further, in the single pulse control, the number of times of switching is performed is smaller than that in the overmodulation pulse width modulation control.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the driving torque of the motor, the rotation speed of the motor, and the dc voltage supplied to the converter and the first loss in the case where the single-pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter of the first embodiment. Fig. 6 shows a first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit 82 when the vertical axis is the drive torque and the horizontal axis is the rotation speed, in each of the dc voltage Va, the dc voltage Vb, and the dc voltage Vc.
The first loss is larger in the region shown in fig. 6 where the dot-hatching is dense, and the first loss is smaller in the region shown in fig. 6 where the dot-hatching is sparse. Therefore, in the example shown in fig. 6, it is understood that, regardless of the drive torque, it is advantageous to use the pulse width modulation control as the rotation speed is smaller, and it is advantageous to use the single pulse control as the rotation speed is larger.
The broken line D shown in fig. 6 shows the range in which the drive torque and the rotation speed are limited by the limit of the output of the electric motor 12. The first loss corresponding to each point in fig. 6 may be calculated in advance, or may be calculated each time the first loss estimating unit 82 executes the process of estimating the first loss.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the driving torque of the motor, the rotation speed of the motor, and the dc voltage supplied to the converter and the second loss in the case where the pulse width modulation control is adopted as the control method of the converter of the first embodiment. Fig. 7 shows a second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit 83 when the vertical axis represents the driving torque and the horizontal axis represents the rotation speed, in each of the dc voltage Va, the dc voltage Vb, and the dc voltage Vc.
The second loss is larger in the region shown in fig. 7 where the dot-hatching is dense, and the second loss is smaller in the region shown in fig. 7 where the dot-hatching is sparse. Therefore, in the example shown in fig. 7, it is understood that it is advantageous to use the pulse width modulation control as the rotation speed is smaller, and it is advantageous to use the single pulse control as the rotation speed is larger, regardless of the driving torque.
The broken line D shown in fig. 7 shows the range in which the drive torque and the rotation speed are limited by the limit of the output of the electric motor 12. The second loss corresponding to each point in fig. 7 may be calculated in advance, or may be calculated each time the second loss estimating unit 83 executes the process of estimating the second loss.
The first loss estimating unit 82 and the second loss estimating unit 83 may not estimate the total loss of all the items described above. That is, the first loss estimating unit 82 may estimate the sum of some of the items described above as the first loss when the single pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter 38. Similarly, the second loss estimating unit 83 may estimate the sum of some of the items described above as the second loss when the single pulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter 38. Among them, it is preferable that the items included in the first loss and the items included in the second loss match each other.
The determination criterion deriving unit 84 derives a determination criterion based on the driving efficiency of the motor 12 using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data. For example, when the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit 82 is smaller than the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit 83, the decision criterion deriving unit 84 derives a decision criterion indicating that the monopulse control is preferable as the control method of the converter 38. Alternatively, the criterion deriving unit 84 derives a criterion indicating that the pulse width modulation control is preferable as the control method of the converter 38 when the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit 83 is smaller than the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit 82. The determination criterion deriving unit 84 may derive a determination criterion that combines the two determination criteria.
The control method determination unit 85 determines which of the monopulse control and the pulse width modulation control is used as the control method of the converter 38, based on the determination criterion.
Next, a process executed by the control device 80 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of processing executed by the control device of the first embodiment. The control device 80 executes the processing shown in fig. 8 at an arbitrary timing.
In step S11, the data acquisition unit 81 acquires torque data, rotational speed data, and dc voltage data.
In step S12, the first loss estimation unit 82 estimates the first loss. In step S12, the second loss estimation unit 83 estimates a second loss.
In step S13, the determination criterion deriving unit 84 derives a determination criterion based on the driving efficiency of the motor 12.
In step S14, the control method determination unit 85 determines whether or not the first loss is smaller than the second loss. When the control method determination unit 85 determines that the first loss is smaller than the second loss (yes at step S14), the process proceeds to step S15. On the other hand, when the control method determination unit 85 determines that the first loss is larger than the second loss (no in step S14), the process proceeds to step S16. When the first loss and the second loss are equal, the process may be advanced to step S15, or the process may be advanced to step S16.
In step S15, the control method determination unit 85 adopts the one-pulse control as the control method of the converter 38, and ends the processing.
In step S16, the control method determination unit 85 adopts pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter 38, and ends the processing.
The control device of the first embodiment has been described above. The control device 80 determines which of the monopulse control and the pulse width modulation control is to be used, based on a determination criterion derived from the driving efficiency of the motor 12 using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data. Thus, controller 80 determines a control method with higher driving efficiency of power consumption, thereby improving the power consumption of vehicle 1.
When the first loss is smaller than the second loss, the controller 80 derives a determination criterion indicating that the single-pulse control is preferable as the control method of the converter 38. Thus, control device 80 can improve the power consumption of vehicle 1 by the single pulse control after confirming that the loss in the case of using the single pulse control is smaller than the loss in the case of using the pulse width modulation control.
When the second loss is smaller than the first loss, the controller 80 derives a determination criterion indicating that the pulse width modulation control is preferable as the control method of the converter 38. Thus, control device 80 can improve the power consumption of vehicle 1 by using the pulse width modulation control after confirming that the loss in the case of using the pulse width modulation control is smaller than the loss in the case of using the single pulse control.
< second embodiment >
Hereinafter, a second embodiment will be described. In the description of the second embodiment, descriptions of items overlapping with those of the first embodiment are omitted as appropriate, and the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used for the same components and the like as those of the first embodiment. The control device of the second embodiment does not include the first loss estimating unit 82 and the second loss estimating unit 83 shown in fig. 2, but includes the data acquiring unit 81, the decision criterion deriving unit 84, and the control method determining unit 85 shown in fig. 2. In the second embodiment, the determination criterion deriving unit 84 and the control method determining unit 85 operate as described below.
For example, the determination reference deriving unit 84 derives, as the determination reference, a single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed, which is a lower limit of the rotation speed of the motor 12 when the single-pulse control can be adopted as the control method of the converter 38, as a function of the dc voltage and the driving torque.
In this case, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the single-pulse control as the control method of the converter 38 when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or higher than the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed. When the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is less than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter 38.
Fig. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of the single-pulse control lower limit rotational speed, the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque, and the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque derived by the control device of the second embodiment. Fig. 9 shows the single-pulse control lower limit rotational speed, the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque, and the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque when the vertical axis is the drive torque and the horizontal axis is the rotational speed, respectively, of the dc voltage Va, the dc voltage Vb, and the dc voltage Vc.
For example, when the dc voltage represented by the dc voltage data is the dc voltage Va, the boundary between the region where the pulse width modulation control is advantageous and the region where the single pulse control is advantageous becomes the curve S9. The dc voltage indicated by the dc voltage data has the same kind of curve as the curve S9 even if it is a dc voltage other than the dc voltage Va.
For example, when the drive torque indicated by the torque data is the drive torque indicated by a point on the straight line C91 shown in fig. 9 and the rotation speed data indicates that the rotation speed is in the region where the rotation speed is lower than the point L91, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control. On the other hand, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the single pulse control, for example, when the drive torque indicated by the torque data is the drive torque indicated by a point on the straight line C91 shown in fig. 9, and the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data coincides with the point L91 or is located in a region where the rotation speed is greater than the point L91. The point L91 is the intersection of the curve S9 and the straight line C91, and indicates the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed.
Next, a process executed by the control device 80 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of processing executed by the control device of the second embodiment. The control device 80 executes the processing shown in fig. 10 at an arbitrary timing.
In step S21, the data acquisition unit 81 acquires torque data, rotational speed data, and dc voltage data.
In step S23, the determination criterion deriving unit 84 derives a determination criterion based on the driving efficiency of the motor 12.
In step S24, the control method determination unit 85 determines whether or not the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or greater than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed. When the control method determination unit 85 determines that the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or greater than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed (yes in step S24), the process proceeds to step S25. On the other hand, when the control method determination unit 85 determines that the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is less than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed (no in step S24), the process proceeds to step S26.
In step S25, the control method determination unit 85 adopts the one-pulse control as the control method of the converter 38, and ends the processing.
In step S26, the control method determination unit 85 adopts pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter 38, and ends the processing.
The control device of the second embodiment has been described above. The control device 80 determines which of the monopulse control and the pulse width modulation control is to be used, based on a criterion for determining the driving efficiency of the motor 12 derived based on the use of the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data. Thus, control device 80 determines a control method that improves the driving efficiency of power consumption 2, thereby improving the power consumption of vehicle 1.
When the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or higher than the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed, the controller 80 determines to adopt the single-pulse control. Thus, the controller 80 can improve the power consumption of the vehicle 1 by performing the single pulse control in accordance with the rotation speed of the electric motor 12 without performing the process of comparing the magnitude relationship between the first loss in the case where the single pulse control is employed and the second loss in the case where the pulse width modulation control is employed.
When the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is less than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed, the control device 80 determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control. Thus, the controller 80 can improve the power consumption of the vehicle 1 by performing the pulse width modulation control in accordance with the rotation speed of the electric motor 12 without performing the process of comparing the magnitude relationship between the first loss in the case where the single pulse control is employed and the second loss in the case where the pulse width modulation control is employed.
In the second embodiment, the determination criterion deriving unit 84 derives the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed as the determination criterion, but the present invention is not limited to this.
For example, the determination reference deriving unit 84 may derive, as the determination reference, the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque and the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque, which are the upper limit and the lower limit of the driving torque of the electric motor 12 when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as the control method of the converter 38, as a function of the motor rotation speed and the dc voltage.
The control method determining unit 85 determines to adopt the single pulse control as the control method of the converter 38 when the drive torque indicated by the torque data is smaller than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque or when the drive torque indicated by the torque data exceeds the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque. The control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter 38 when the drive torque indicated by the torque data is equal to or higher than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque and equal to or lower than the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque.
For example, when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is the rotation speed indicated by the point on the straight line C92 shown in fig. 9 and the drive torque indicated by the torque data is indicated by the point on the line segment connecting the point U92 and the point L92, the point U92, or the point L92, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control. On the other hand, for example, when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is the rotation speed indicated by the point on the straight line C92 shown in fig. 9 and the drive torque indicated by the torque data is indicated by the point located at the portion excluding the line segment, the point U92, and the point L92 from the straight line C92, the control method determination unit 85 determines to adopt the single pulse control.
Thus, control device 80 can improve the power consumption of vehicle 1 by means of the single pulse control in accordance with the driving torque of electric motor 12 without performing the process of estimating the first loss in the case of using the single pulse control, the process of estimating the second loss in the case of using the pulse width modulation control, and the process of comparing the magnitude relationship between the first loss and the second loss.
While the present embodiment has been described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above at all, and various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A control device is characterized by comprising:
a data acquisition unit that acquires torque data indicating a driving torque of a motor, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the motor;
a determination criterion deriving unit that derives a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and
and a control method determination unit that determines which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter, based on the determination criterion.
2. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first loss estimating unit that estimates a first loss that is a total of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor, when the single pulse control is adopted as a control method of the converter; and
a second loss estimating unit that estimates a second loss that is a sum of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter,
the determination criterion deriving unit derives the determination criterion indicating that the monopulse control is adopted as the control method of the converter when the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit is smaller than the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit.
3. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first loss estimating unit that estimates a first loss that is a total of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor, when the single pulse control is adopted as a control method of the converter; and
a second loss estimating unit that estimates a second loss that is a sum of at least a part of a loss generated by the converter and a loss generated by the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter,
the determination criterion deriving unit derives the determination criterion indicating that the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter when the second loss estimated by the second loss estimating unit is smaller than the first loss estimated by the first loss estimating unit.
4. The control device according to claim 1,
the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed that is a lower limit of the rotation speed of the motor when the single-pulse control can be adopted as the control method of the converter as a function of the dc voltage and the drive torque,
the control method determining unit determines to adopt the single-pulse control as the control method of the converter when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is equal to or greater than the single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed.
5. The control device according to claim 1,
the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a single-pulse control lower limit rotation speed that is a lower limit of the rotation speed of the motor when the single-pulse control can be adopted as the control method of the converter as a function of the dc voltage and the drive torque,
the control method determining unit determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter when the rotation speed indicated by the rotation speed data is less than the single pulse control lower limit rotation speed.
6. The control device according to claim 1,
the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a pulse width modulation control upper limit torque and a pulse width modulation control lower limit torque, which are upper and lower limits of a driving torque of the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter, as a function of the rotation speed and the dc voltage,
the control method determining unit determines to adopt the single pulse control as the control method of the converter when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is smaller than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque or when the driving torque indicated by the torque data exceeds the pulse width modulation control upper limit torque.
7. The control device according to claim 1,
the determination reference derivation unit derives, as the determination reference, a pulse width modulation control upper limit torque and a pulse width modulation control lower limit torque, which are upper and lower limits of a driving torque of the motor when the pulse width modulation control is adopted as a control method of the converter, as a function of the rotation speed and the dc voltage,
the control method determining unit determines to adopt the pulse width modulation control as the control method of the converter when the driving torque indicated by the torque data is equal to or greater than the pulse width modulation control lower limit torque and equal to or less than a pulse width modulation control upper limit torque.
8. A vehicle system is characterized by comprising:
a data acquisition unit that acquires torque data indicating a driving torque of an electric motor as a power source of a vehicle, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the electric motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the electric motor;
a determination criterion deriving unit that derives a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and
and a control method determination unit that determines which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter, based on the determination criterion.
9. A control method, comprising:
a data acquisition step of acquiring torque data indicating a driving torque of a motor, rotational speed data indicating a rotational speed of the motor, and dc voltage data indicating a dc voltage supplied to a converter that supplies an ac current to the motor;
a determination criterion deriving step of deriving a determination criterion based on a driving efficiency of the motor using the torque data, the rotational speed data, and the dc voltage data; and
and a control method determining step of determining which of monopulse control and pulse width modulation control is to be adopted as a control method of the converter based on the determination criterion.
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| JP2019026744A JP6814830B2 (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | Control systems, vehicle systems, and control methods |
| JP2019-026744 | 2019-02-18 | ||
| JP2019-173978 | 2019-09-25 | ||
| JP2019173978A JP6989574B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Control device, vehicle system and control method |
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| CN111585499B CN111585499B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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