CN111585229A - Flexible waterproof sealing structure for wall penetration of underground direct-buried cable or optical cable and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible sealing structure for wall penetration of an underground direct-buried cable or an optical cable and a construction method thereof. The flexible sealing assembly with the prepressing pre-tightening adjusting mechanism is adopted between the cable or optical cable and the wall-through protection tube, so that the radial bidirectional positioning and the shaft side bidirectional positioning are realized, the sealing ring group in the sealing cavity is under three-way extrusion stress, and a static sealing zero space between the wall-through protection tube and the cable or optical cable is formed, thereby achieving the waterproof sealing effect.

Description

Flexible waterproof sealing structure for wall penetration of underground direct-buried cable or optical cable and construction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering in industrial buildings, civil buildings and municipal buildings, relates to a waterproof sealing technology when underground direct-buried cables and optical cables penetrate through an outer protective structure wall body, and particularly relates to a flexible waterproof sealing structure for penetrating underground direct-buried cables or optical cables through a wall and a construction method.

Background

At present, in the electrical engineering of industrial buildings, civil buildings and municipal works, when cables and optical cables are buried and pass through the walls of external enclosing structures such as buildings and structures, waterproof sealing effects are usually realized by adopting waterproof sealing structures shown in fig. 1A to 1D (see a first scheme, a second scheme, a third scheme, a fourth scheme and a fifth scheme of directly buried cables which are led into the buildings through walls in 12D101-05, p102 and p103 of a national standard design and construction atlas set 110kv and the following cable laying schemes, and a first method, a second method and a third method of leading underground cables and optical cables into the buildings in a way of leading the underground cables and the optical cables into the buildings in 05X101-2, p9 and p10 of an underground communication cable laying scheme, wherein the various waterproof sealing methods are summarized into three basic implementation modes shown in fig. 1A to 1D), and for underground water (including rainwater permeating underground of a ground surface layer) containing underground water basement, Along with the settlement deformation and the expansion deformation of buildings and structures and the expansion deformation caused by the current heat generation of cables and optical cables, the outside generates the field environment such as working vibration, distortion and the like, and the waterproof sealing structure has the following limitations:

in the first embodiment shown in fig. 1A, after passing through a reserved through-wall hole 011 pre-embedded in a wall 01, a through-wall protection tube 2 is placed at a predetermined position and is positioned at a slope according to requirements, and then waterproof mortar is filled between the wall and the protection tube to plug a gap between the wall and the protection tube. The gap between the cable or optical cable 1 and the wall-through protection tube 2 also needs to be sealed, the construction method is that the gap between the tube opening of the wall-through protection tube 2 at the upstream surface Z2 side (entrance end) and the cable or optical cable 1 is sealed by adopting 'blocking the oil hemp in the opening and pouring the asphalt or other waterproof materials', namely, the oil hemp with lower density is filled between the wall-through protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and the asphalt or other waterproof materials are poured and coated at the end opening.

The sealing method has the following defects:

1) because the reserved through-wall hole 011 of the wall 01 has small space, the periphery of the hole cannot be roughened, so that a leakage gap (cold front) exists between the blocked waterproof mortar layer 04 and the inner wall of the reserved through-wall hole 011, and the leakage gap is defined as a first leakage channel LC 1;

2) because the wall-through protection pipe 2 is made of metal, the expansion coefficients of the wall body 01 and the wall-through protection pipe 2 are different, an expansion leakage gap is generated between the wall body 01 and the wall-through protection pipe 2, and the expansion leakage gap is defined as a second leakage channel LC 2;

3) the strength grade of the waterproof mortar is lower than that of the original reinforced concrete structure wall, and corresponding strength reinforcement measures are not adopted, so that the integral structure of the wall has a short slab effect; one end of the upstream surface Z2 of the wall-through protection pipe 2 is in a transitional lengthening structure, the wall-through protection pipe 2 extends to the width of the water scattering surface of the outer structure of the building beyond 500mm, so that the water scattering surface of the building and the heat-insulating layer and the waterproof layer structure of the outer facade of the building cannot be damaged in the process of plugging for the convenience of later maintenance, and an additional destructive torque is generated at the intersection of the wall 01 and the wall-through protection pipe 2, so that the sealing effect of the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel fails early, and even the wall of the building structure at the intersection is damaged; 4) a sealing gap between the wall-through protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1 is a third leakage channel LC3, an oil-hemp type sealing structure 03 is adopted between the wall-through protection tube 2 at the upstream face Z2 and the cable or optical cable 1 to seal the third leakage channel, that is, oil hemp with lower density is filled between the wall-through protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and asphalt or other waterproof materials are poured and coated at the port. The sealing component is characterized in that the oil hemp is placed in an axial open space on the inner side of the protection pipe, the oil hemp only depends on rigid asphalt with too low strength grade to play a role in one-way restraint positioning, the extrusion three-way stress state of the sealing material cannot be formed, and then the static sealing effect of sealing science is played.

In the second embodiment shown in fig. 1B, in order to seal the process cold joint (the first leakage channel LC1) between the reserved through-wall hole 011 and the waterproof mortar layer 04 provided in the wall body 01, a construction method of completing one-time pouring of the through-wall protection tube 2 and the wall body 01 is adopted, and a wing ring plate 021 is welded on the outer wall of the through-wall protection tube 2 and is embedded in the wall body 01 to form a water stop plate; a third leakage channel LC3 is also arranged between the through-wall protection tube 2 pre-buried in the wall body 01 where the through-wall hole 011 is reserved and the cable or optical cable 1, and the waterproof sealing structure of the third leakage channel LC3 adopts the same oil hemp type sealing structure 03 as the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1A; the first leakage channel LC1 and the second leakage channel LC2 between the wall-through protective tube 2 and the wall 01 are sealed and waterproof by water stop plates, that is, the wing ring plate 021 welded to the tube of the wall-through protective tube 2 is embedded in the wall 01 to form a water stop plate. The improved structure still has the following defects:

1) the metal wall-through protection pipe 2 and the concrete are made of two different materials, and the physical expansion coefficients of the metal wall-through protection pipe and the concrete are different, so that expansion leakage gaps between the metal wall-through protection pipe and the concrete are inevitably generated; although the waterproof sealing effect of the water stop plate is higher than that of the first embodiment, the waterproof sealing function under the conditions of high underground water level and high osmotic pressure is difficult to ensure only by the single wing ring plate 021;

2) the lengthened wall-through protection tube 2 is pre-buried in the wall body 01 to form a cantilever type stress structure, so that the wall body 01 still needs to bear large torsion while being stressed in two directions, and great difficulty and construction cost increase are caused to positioning, supporting, wall structure reinforcing, formwork supporting, concrete pouring, later maintenance and the like in the construction process of the wall body 01.

In the third embodiment shown in fig. 1C and 1D, the waterproof sealing structure of the first leakage path LC1 and the second leakage path LC2 between the wall bushing 2 and the wall 01 is the same as that of the second embodiment shown in fig. 1B; a flange disc type sealing structure 02 is adopted for realizing waterproof sealing aiming at a second leakage channel LC2 existing between a cable or an optical cable 1 and a wall bushing 2, namely an inner flange 021 is welded on the outer side of a pipe orifice of the wall bushing 2, an oil-immersed hemp rope 023 is wound on the cable or the optical cable 1 and then pushed towards the inner flange 021, an outer flange 022 sleeved on the cable or the optical cable 1 is fastened on the inner flange by bolts, gaskets and nuts, and the oil-immersed hemp rope is extruded between the two flanges to seal the pipe orifice of the wall bushing 2. Although the seal structure after the improvement can form the extrusion force in the axial to guarantee the sealed between two ring flanges, sealing material is not in the closed cavity, can't form radial extrusion stress, and outer ring flange 022 has the distance with the wall bushing 2 mouth of pipe, and second leakage path LC2 position moves the distance of a ring flange backward, even there is the expansion effect in the water of oily rope 023, still can't form confined space (vertically there is open space), and this structure waterproof sealing effect easily loses efficacy. In addition, in this structure, the oil-immersed hemp rope 023 is wound outside the cable or optical cable 1, the winding form is not fixed, the winding quantity is not easy to quantify, and the standardization is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one or more of the problems, the invention provides a flexible waterproof sealing structure for a wall-through protective pipe of an underground direct-buried cable or an optical cable.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an underground buried cable or optical cable are flexible seal structure for wall-piercing for to passing underground buried cable or optical cable of wall body (01) seal, including being used for the wall-piercing protection tube (2) of suit cable or optical cable and set up flexible seal assembly (3) at the water-facing side of wall-piercing protection tube (2) at least, flexible seal assembly (3) include:

the end part of the long pipe hoop (31) is in threaded connection with the wall-through protection pipe (2), and a threaded adjusting check ring (32) is arranged inside the end;

an end locking gland (35) which is in threaded connection with the other end of the long pipe hoop (31); and

and the flexible sealing element is positioned inside the long pipe hoop (31) between the thread adjusting retainer ring (32) and the end locking gland (35), and is coated on the cable or the optical cable (1) and positioned between the inner wall of the wall-through protective pipe (2) and the outer wall of the cable or the optical cable (1) (for example, a sealing ring set is sleeved on the cable or the optical cable in a penetrating way, and an asbestos rope or an oil-immersed jute rope is wound on the cable or the optical cable).

In the flexible sealing structure for wall penetration of the underground directly-buried cable or the optical cable, the flexible sealing element is composed of two half joint sealing retaining rings (33), a sealing ring group (34) positioned between the two half joint sealing retaining rings (33), an asbestos rope and any one of oil-immersed jute ropes, and each half joint sealing retaining ring (33) is of a circular ring structure formed by split butt joint of two half circular rings; preferably, the half lines L of the two half joint sealing retainer rings (33) sleeved on the cable or the optical cable (1) are vertical to each other.

In the flexible sealing structure for the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable wall, the sealing ring group (34) is sleeved on the cable or the optical cable (1) in a penetrating manner and comprises at least two sealing rings in extrusion contact, and the cross section of each sealing ring is wedge-shaped or O-shaped.

In the flexible sealing structure for the wall penetration of the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable, the size of the inner hole of the thread adjusting retainer ring (32) is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or the optical cable (1) penetrated by the wall penetration protection tube (2), the inner diameter of the Hafu joint sealing retainer ring (33) is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or the optical cable (1), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop (31) and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting retainer ring (32).

In the flexible sealing structure for underground direct-buried cables or optical cables to penetrate through the wall, the end locking gland (35) comprises a thread part (351) and an end cover part (352), the thread part (351) extends into the long pipe hoop (31) and is in threaded connection with the long pipe hoop (31), and the end cover part (352) extends out of the end part of the long pipe hoop (31).

In the flexible sealing structure for the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable wall-through, the shape of the inner hole of the thread adjusting retaining ring (32) is a hexagonal hole, and the distance S between the opposite sides of the hexagonal hole is D +10mm, wherein D is the outer diameter of the maximum specification cable or the optical cable (1) which can be allowed to pass through by the wall-through protection tube (2).

In the flexible sealing structure for the wall penetrating of the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable, at least three wing ring plates (21) are welded on the pipe body of the wall penetrating protection pipe (2), and all the wing ring plates (21) are embedded into the wall body (01).

The invention also provides a sealing structure for penetrating through a wall of an underground direct-buried cable or an optical cable, which comprises the flexible sealing structure for penetrating through the wall of the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable and a reinforcing rib (013) arranged in the wall body (01), wherein the reinforcing rib (013) is arranged around the reserved through-wall hole (011) at an angle with the conventional distribution rib (012) in the wall body (01), and the reserved through-wall hole (011) is positioned at the position of the pre-buried through-wall protection pipe (2) in the wall body (01); preferably, the included angle between the regular distribution ribs (012) and the reinforcing ribs (013) is 45 degrees.

The invention also provides a construction method of the flexible waterproof sealing structure for the underground direct-buried cable or optical cable wall-through protection pipe, which comprises the following steps:

embedding a through-wall protection pipe (2) at a preset position of a wall body (01) in advance, so that a wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) is completely embedded in the wall body (01);

secondly, screwing a long pipe hoop (31) internally provided with a thread adjusting check ring (32) on a thread end (22) of the through-wall protection pipe (2), and then pre-sleeving a sealing ring group (34) and an end locking gland (35) on the cable or the optical cable (1); installing two selected Haff section sealing check rings (33) on a cable or an optical cable (1), enabling a sealing ring group (24) to be located between the two Haff section sealing check rings (33), and installing a flexible sealing element formed by the two Haff section sealing check rings (33) and a sealing ring group (34) in place;

and thirdly, sequentially extruding and pushing the flexible sealing elements into the long pipe hoop (31) until the flexible sealing elements contact with the thread adjusting retainer ring (32), and then screwing the threaded end of the end part locking gland (35) into the long pipe hoop (31) so as to enable the sealing ring group (34) in the sealed cavity to form enough pre-pressing pre-tightening force, namely the sealing ring group (34) is in a three-way stress state to form static seal.

In the above construction method, the first step specifically includes:

1) the method is characterized in that a reserved through-wall hole (011) is formed in the position where a through-wall protection pipe (2) is embedded in a wall body (01), and reinforcing ribs (013) (the preferred angle is 45 degrees) are distributed on the periphery of the reserved through-wall hole (011) at an angle with conventional distribution ribs (012) on the basis of the vertical and horizontal conventional distribution ribs (012) of the wall body (01);

2) binding or welding and fixing a wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) with conventional distribution ribs (012) of a wall body (01);

3) and (3) carrying out template support and wall body pouring, and embedding the wall-through protective tube (2) in the wall body (01).

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

1) the invention adopts the flexible sealing component with the prepressing pre-tightening adjusting mechanism between the cable or the optical cable and the wall-through protection pipe, the flexible sealing component realizes the functions of radial bidirectional positioning and axial side bidirectional positioning, namely, the radial positioning is a uniform sealed cavity formed by the wall-through protective sleeve and the periphery of the cable or the optical cable, the flexible sealing element is in the completely closed cavity, the axial side positioning is an axial two-way restraint device formed by a threaded retainer ring and a half joint retainer ring between locking end covers, the sealing ring group in the sealing cavity is under three-way extrusion stress through pre-pressing and pre-tightening of the thread locking gland to form a static sealing null space on a third leakage channel LC3, therefore, the waterproof sealing effect is achieved, meanwhile, the sealing assembly has enough mechanical strength, and the preset waterproof sealing effect is achieved under reasonable settlement of the building and stress deformation of the cable; the whole sealing structure is not low in the strength of the whole wall body, the short board effect of the strength of the wall body caused by the original sealing structure is avoided, the sealing assembly is usually arranged on the Z2 side of the upstream face (outdoor), even if the upstream face is sealed and fails, earth excavation maintenance work is not needed, the device can be directly additionally arranged on the Z1 of the back face (indoor) in the building, the 'redundancy technology' is realized, and when the wall-penetrating cable and the optical cable are sealed under the extreme environment of seepage pressure in a flowing sand layer, the method of simultaneously installing the sealing structure in two directions can be directly adopted;

2) according to the invention, the flexible sealing element is an assembly of two Haff-section sealing check rings and a sealing ring group positioned between the two Haff-section sealing check rings, the friction force between the flexible sealing element and the outer wall of the cable in a three-dimensional stress state plays a role in positioning the cable or the optical cable at the home end, and after the cable or the optical cable is penetrated and arranged in place, the split Haff-section sealing check ring is installed, so that the situation that the Haff-section sealing check ring generates friction with the cable or the optical cable in the crossing process and damages the outer insulating layer of the cable or the optical cable can be avoided, and the installation of the flexible sealing element is more;

3) the flexible sealing assembly changes the open space of the original sealing gap, and the high strength performance of the two-component half joint sealing retainer ring is utilized to make up the low strength of the flexible sealing ring set, so that the strength of the whole sealing structure and the building wall is ensured to be equal; meanwhile, the assembly clearance of the half joint sealing retainer ring is utilized to play a role in water blocking and flow limiting, namely a role of a pressure reducing pore plate in the water supply and drainage profession, so that the overall sealing performance is improved;

4) aiming at a first leakage channel LC1 between the wall-through protection pipe and the wall body, at least three wing ring plates are arranged on the pipe body, and all the wing ring plates are embedded into the wall body, so that a labyrinth structure in mechanical sealing is formed to play a role of multiple water stop plates in architectural sealing, meanwhile, the connection strength of the wall-through protection pipe and the wall body is improved, and the construction difficulty and the construction cost are reduced; aiming at the stress concentration at the intersection of the longer through-wall protection pipe and the wall body, the invention adopts the shorter through-wall protection pipe, and the horizontal length between the two ends of the through-wall protection pipe and the wall body of the building structure only needs to meet the installation operation space of the flexible sealing assembly and the normal operation space of the cable or the optical cable during the through-wall process.

Drawings

FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a waterproof seal for wall penetration of an existing underground direct-buried cable or optical cable;

FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of waterproof sealing when a conventional underground direct-buried cable or optical cable is penetrated through a wall;

FIG. 1C is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a waterproof seal in the case of wall penetration of an existing underground direct-buried cable or optical cable;

FIG. 1D is an enlarged schematic view of region K of FIG. 1C;

FIG. 2A is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the flexible waterproof and sealing structure of the invention;

FIG. 2B is a schematic structural view of a flexible seal assembly;

FIG. 2C is a schematic structural view of a half joint gasket;

FIG. 2D is a schematic view of the assembly of the half joint seal ring;

FIG. 2E is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a threaded adjustment check ring;

FIG. 2F is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of an end locking gland;

FIG. 2G is a schematic view of the reinforcement of the wall structure around the wall-through protective tube according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the flexible waterproof sealing structure of the invention.

The reference numbers in the figures denote:

01-wall body, 011-reserved through-wall holes, 012-conventional distribution ribs and 013-reinforcing ribs;

02-flange disc type sealing structure, 021-inner flange disc, 022-outer flange disc, 023-oil immersed hemp rope;

03-a hemp type sealing structure; 04-waterproof mortar layer;

LC 1-first leakage path, LC 2-second leakage path; LC 3-third leakage channel H-Haff gap, L-Haff line;

1-an electrical or optical cable;

2-wall-penetrating protection tube, 21-wing ring plate, 22-thread end;

3-a flexible sealing component, 31-a long pipe hoop, 32-a thread adjusting retainer ring, 33-a half joint sealing retainer ring, 34-a sealing ring group, 35-an end part locking gland, 351-a thread part and 352-an end cover part;

z1-the back (indoor) and Z2-the upstream (outdoor).

Detailed Description

The flexible waterproof sealing structure for underground direct-buried cables or optical cables to penetrate through walls and the construction method thereof are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2A, the flexible waterproof sealing structure is used for sealing an underground direct-buried cable or optical cable 1 passing through a wall 01, and includes a wall-through protection tube 2 and a flexible sealing component 3, the wall-through protection tube 2 is inserted into a reserved hole provided in the wall 01, the cable or optical cable 1 is inserted into the wall-through protection tube 2, and the flexible sealing component 3 is at least arranged on the upstream Z2 side of the wall-through protection tube 2 to seal a third leakage channel LC3 formed between the wall-through protection tube 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, wherein:

the structure of the conventional wall-through protection pipe 2 is shown in fig. 1A to 1C, the wall-through protection pipe 2 is pre-buried or inserted into the reserved through-wall hole 011 of the wall 01, because a leakage channel LC1 exists between the wall-through protection pipe 2 and the wall 01, in order to prevent water leakage from the leakage channel LC1, when the wall-through protection pipe 2 is pre-buried or inserted, a waterproof mortar layer 04 is usually filled around the wall-through protection pipe 2, or a wing ring plate 21 is welded on the pipe body of the wall-through protection pipe 2, because the wall-through protection pipe 2 and the wall 01 (concrete) belong to different types of building materials, the difference of thermal expansion coefficients is large, a leakage gap is generated between the wall-through protection pipe 2 and the wall 01, and the waterproof mortar layer 04 acting on the wall and the single wing ring plate 21 wrapped in the wall cannot guarantee the waterproof sealing effect when the underground water level is high and the permeation pressure is high.

In order to prevent the leakage phenomenon caused by the leakage gap between the mutual contacts, in this embodiment, at least three wing ring plates 21 are welded on the pipe body of the wall-through protection pipe 2, all the wing ring plates 21 are embedded into the wall body 01 to form a labyrinth structure in mechanical sealing, which is equivalent to a multi-layer 'water stop plate' effect in architectural sealing, even if a gap is reserved between the wing ring plate 21 and the wall body 01, if water leakage needs to penetrate to the Z1 side (indoor) of the back water surface (indoor) of a common building, the water leakage needs to sequentially cross each wing ring plate, and the water leakage needs to go through a 90-degree climbing process once every time the water leakage passes through one wing ring plate, the process rapidly reduces the osmotic pressure, plays the role of water blocking and stopping, and the labyrinth sealing structure formed by the plurality of wing ring plates sequentially consumes the osmotic pressure of the leakage water, so that the leakage water cannot penetrate through the last defense line and further penetrates into the interior of the building.

The construction of the existing pre-buried through-wall protection pipe 2 is usually carried out by breaking off the steel bars at the wall body position of the pre-buried through-wall protection pipe 2 to form a reserved through-wall hole 011, which causes the local strength reduction of the reserved through-wall hole 011 of the wall body 01, even causes the anti-seismic parameters of the wall body 01 to be out of the requirements, therefore, the invention adopts the structure reinforcement measure according to the factors of the position of the reserved through-wall hole 011, the size of the casing specification, the damage degree of the wall body 01 and the like to ensure that the reserved through-wall hole 011 can not reduce the strength performance of the original wall body, see fig. 2E, the concrete reinforcement structure is that the number of broken bars is reduced as much as possible on the basis of the conventional distribution bars 012 of the vertical and horizontal directions of the wall body 01, and the reinforcing bars 013 are arranged at the periphery of the reserved through-wall hole 011 and form an angle with the conventional, the local strength of the wall 01 is compensated by this structure.

When the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 is manufactured, all the wing ring plates 21 are fully welded with the tube body of the wall-penetrating protection tube 2. Wear wall protection pipe 2 and cooperate structure reinforcement work when 01 pre-buried at the wall body, the process of specific pre-buried wall protection pipe 2 as follows: firstly, welding and reinforcing a wing ring plate 21 of a through-wall protection pipe 2 and conventional distributed ribs 012 of a wall body 01, then laying reinforcing ribs 013, and performing support of a pouring template; secondly, pouring a wall body 01; and after the curing period is finished after the pouring is finished, the template is dismantled. The wall-through protection pipe 2 generally extends out of the wall 01 by 1m on the upstream surface (outdoor) Z2 side, and has a proper waterproof slope (inclined to the upstream surface side by 5-10 degrees).

Referring to fig. 2A, in this embodiment, a flexible seal assembly 3 is provided at the end of the through-wall protection pipe 2, and the flexible seal assembly 3 is installed at least at the service end of the through-wall protection pipe 2 on the upstream surface Z2 side, and if necessary, the flexible seal assembly 3 may be installed at the end of the through-wall protection pipe 2 on both the downstream surface Z1 side and the upstream surface Z2 side. Specifically, the end of the wall-through protection pipe 2 is provided with a threaded end 22, and the flexible sealing component 3 is in threaded connection with the threaded end 22 of the wall-through protection pipe 2.

Referring to fig. 2B, in this embodiment, the flexible sealing assembly 3 includes a long pipe clamp 31, a flexible sealing element located inside the long pipe clamp 31, and an end locking gland 35 installed at the end of the long pipe clamp 31, wherein the long pipe clamp 31 is a hollow pipe body, a thread adjusting collar 32 is provided inside the long pipe clamp 31, the inner diameter of the thread adjusting collar 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, and a sufficient penetrating space is reserved for the cable or optical cable 1 penetrating through the inside of the long pipe clamp 31 to prevent the outer skin of the cable or optical cable 1 from being worn during penetrating; the two end parts of the long pipe hoop 31 are respectively provided with internal threads, one end of the long pipe hoop is matched and connected with the threaded end 22 of the wall bushing 2, and the other end of the long pipe hoop is used for installing an end part locking gland 35; two Haff section sealing check rings 33 and a flexible sealing element formed by a sealing ring group 34 are arranged between the thread adjusting check ring 32 and the end part locking gland 35, the sealing ring group 34 is positioned between the two Haff section sealing check rings 33, the inner diameter of the Haff section sealing check ring 33 is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting check ring 32. The screw thread adjusting retainer ring 32 and the end part locking gland 35 are matched with the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 to form a sealing cavity with the inner wall of the wall-through protective tube 2, the sealing ring group 34 is positioned in the sealing cavity, the end part locking gland 35 compresses the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 to further extrude the sealing ring group 34 in the sealing cavity, so that the sealing ring group 34 is in a three-way stress state, an assembly gap in the cavity is blocked to form a sealing zero space, and the sealing ring group 34 is respectively in a contact stress state under the combined action of the wall-through protective tube 2, the sealing surface of the cable or the optical cable 1 (namely the inner wall of the wall-through protective tube 2 and the outer wall of the cable or the optical cable 1) and the two-side half sealing retainer rings. The threaded adjusting retainer ring 32 and the end locking gland 35 have the function of axially positioning and restraining the half joint sealing ring 32.

The external thread that screw thread adjustment retaining ring 32 was equipped with cooperates with the internal thread of long pipe hoop 31, and the specification of hough section sealing retainer 33 is selected according to the clearance size between the external diameter of cable or optical cable 1 and the long pipe hoop 31 internal diameter, adjusts the axial interval of the sealed cavity between screw thread adjustment retaining ring 32 and the tip locking gland 35 through adjustment screw thread adjustment retaining ring 32 and then adjustment to cooperate with the hough section sealing retainer 33 of different specifications, make the sealing washer group 34 that is located in the sealed cavity form radial and axial extrusion stress.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2E, in this embodiment, the inner hole of the thread adjusting collar 32 is a hexagonal hole, and a hexagonal wrench is used to match the inner hole of the thread adjusting collar 32 to adjust the position of the thread adjusting collar 32 in the long pipe hoop 31, wherein the distance S between opposite sides of the hexagonal hole is determined according to the outer diameter D of the maximum size cable or optical cable 1 that the through-wall protection tube 2 can pass through, preferably, S is D +10mm, so that the long pipe hoop 31 of the same size can use the thread adjusting collar 32 of the same size; here, the electric cable or optical cable 1 is an electric cable or optical cable of various specifications which is easily purchased in the existing market.

In principle, the inner diameter of the hough section sealing collar 33 is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 (without considering the reserved assembly clearance), the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting collar 32, and considering that both the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the hough section sealing collar 33 are in accordance with the dynamic assembly requirement, the reserved assembly clearance is matched with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 according to the specification of the wall-through protection pipe 2, for example, the inner diameter of the hough section sealing collar 33 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable 1 by 2mm-4mm, the outer diameter of the hough section sealing collar 33 is preferably smaller than the thread inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31 by 2mm-4mm, and the hough section sealing collar 33.

As shown in fig. 2F, the end locking gland 35 includes a threaded portion 351 and an end cap portion 352, the threaded portion 351 extends into the interior of the long pipe clamp 31 and is threadedly connected with the long pipe clamp 31, the end cap portion 352 extends out of the long pipe clamp 31, and the outer diameter of the end cap portion 352 is larger than the outer diameter of the long pipe clamp 31. Preferably, the end cap portion 352 is hexagonal in shape to facilitate the use of the wrench mating end cap portion 352 to lock the end lock gland 35 in place on the long clamp 31.

Preferably, the inside of long pipe hoop 31 is equipped with logical long internal thread, one end is connected with the screw thread end 22 cooperation of wall-penetrating protection tube 2, the other end is used for installing tip locking gland 35, the internal diameter dimension D of tip locking gland 35 is determined by the external diameter dimension D of the biggest specification cable or optical cable 1 that this wall-penetrating protection tube 2 allows to pass through, i.e. D ═ D +10mm, so that the long pipe hoop 31 of same specification can use the tip locking gland 35 of same specification (another use of tip locking gland 35 is to improve the intensity between wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and cable or optical cable 1, guarantee with wall 01 with intensity, play the water blocking effect simultaneously, reduce and improve the sealed effect of flexible seal subassembly 3).

The sealing ring set 34 in the sealing cavity may be a wedge-shaped rubber ring or an O-shaped rubber ring (i.e. the section of the sealing ring is wedge-shaped or O-shaped), or may be replaced by an asbestos rope or an oil-immersed jute rope. Preferably, the seal ring set 34 is a plurality of wedge-shaped rubber seal rings, and the wedge-shaped rubber seal rings have sufficient elasticity.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the flexible sealing assemblies 3 are respectively arranged at two ends of the through-wall protection pipe 2, wherein the flexible sealing assembly 3 on the back water surface Z1 side of the through-wall protection pipe 2 is a backup of the flexible sealing assembly 3 on the upstream surface Z2 side.

Referring to fig. 2C, the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 is a circular ring structure formed by two semicircular ring bodies, the inner diameter of the circular ring structure should be larger than the outer diameter of the cable, preferably 2mm to 4mm larger, and the outer diameter of the circular ring structure should be smaller than the inner diameter of the thread of the long pipe clamp 31, preferably 2mm to 4mm smaller. In order to facilitate processing and reduce production cost, the manufacturing process of the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 can adopt an integral ring cutting process, namely, the integral ring is divided into two bodies by using a metal wire cutting process, and a half gap H (a gap formed at the butt joint of the two half ring split bodies of the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 is called as a half gap H) between half lines L (a gap formed at the butt joint of the two half ring split bodies of the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 is called as a half gap H) brought by the processing process meets the preset requirement (when a non-metal nylon material is used, a cutting gap can exist).

When the flexible sealing assembly 3 is installed, firstly, one end of a long pipe hoop 31 with a thread adjusting retainer ring 32 arranged inside is screwed on the thread end 22 of the wall bushing 2, and then a sealing ring group 34 and an end part locking gland 35 are sleeved on the cable or the optical cable 1 in advance in a penetrating way, because the sealing ring of the sealing ring group 34 has enough elasticity, the inner aperture of the end part locking gland 35 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or the optical cable 1, and the laying of the cable or the optical cable 1 cannot be influenced; after the cable or the optical cable 1 is laid in place, selecting a half joint sealing retainer ring 33 with the inner diameter of corresponding specification according to the specification of the cable or the optical cable 1, and installing the two selected half joint sealing retainer rings 33 with the corresponding specification on the cable or the optical cable 1, so that the sealing ring group 34 is positioned between the two half joint sealing retainer rings 33, preferably, the half lines L of the two half joint sealing retainer rings 33 are mutually vertical (see fig. 2D); after the flexible sealing elements formed by the two half joint sealing check rings 33 and the sealing ring group 34 are installed in place, the flexible sealing elements are sequentially pushed into the long pipe hoop 31 in a pressing mode until the flexible sealing elements contact with the thread adjusting check ring 32, and then the threaded end of the end portion locking gland 35 is screwed into the long pipe hoop 31, so that the sealing ring group 34 forms a pre-tightening and compressing three-way stress state.

The flexible sealing assembly 3 with the structure is installed in place after the cable or the optical cable 1 is laid and installed, and is installed in a state of not cutting off the cable or the optical cable 1, meanwhile, the sealing ring group 34 is extruded by the Haff-section sealing check rings 33 to enable the sealing ring group 34 to compress the cable or the optical cable 1 to play a role in positioning the cable or the optical cable 1, meanwhile, the wall-penetrating protection tube 2 and the periphery of the cable or the optical cable 1 form an even sealing cavity, the two Haff-section sealing check rings 33 are respectively under the action of the bidirectional constraint locking pressure of the thread adjusting check ring 32 and the end locking gland 35, the wedge-shaped rubber ring is in the completely sealed cavity and reasonably and hermetically flows according to a preset direction, extrusion stress is generated on the inner wall of the sealing cavity, a flowing sealing zero space is formed.

The structure can be used for plugging and sealing the pipe orifice of the inlet end and the outlet end of the peripheral retaining wall of the building structure, and can also be arranged in a segmented electric well with a ring network structure to serve as a stop valve (defined as an electric well backflow prevention stop valve) for enabling accumulated water to flow between stop pipe diameters, so that the technical problems of unreasonable gradient of an outer pipe network of an electric room and backflow of the accumulated water can be solved.

The engineering application of the flexible waterproof sealing structure for the underground direct-buried cable and the optical cable wall-through is explained by taking a cement plant in east asia zone as an example.

The cement plant is located in an east Asia region, the geological and hydrological conditions are complex, the underground water level is high, the osmotic pressure is high, an existing crosslinked polyethylene power cable with the specification YJV-10 KV/3X 95 is about to penetrate through a protective wall outside a kiln head workshop close to a crushing workshop to enter a cable trench in the workshop so as to connect a plurality of grate cooler devices in the kiln head workshop, the thickness of a wall body 01 is 500mm, and the outer wall is of a reinforced concrete structure.

The power cable of the cement plant has the following characteristics: the power cable can generate obvious temperature change along with the current, and the intersection of the wall-through protection tube 2 and the cable has larger radial and longitudinal distortion deformation due to the close proximity to a heavy industrial factory building of an ore crushing workshop; the surrounding environment is severe, the geological condition is complex, and the building has serious settlement and vibration deformation phenomena.

The above characteristics determine that the flexible sealing assembly 3 (see fig. 3) of the present invention should be installed at both ends of the through-wall protection pipe 2.

Looking up a table by a national standard GB12706-2008 to obtain the YJV-10KV/3 × 95 cable outer diameter D as 62mm, wherein the wall-through protection tube 2 is made of a galvanized steel tube DN100, and looking up a waterproof sleeve 02S404 to obtain that the outer diameter R1 of the wall-through protection tube 2 is 108mm, the wall thickness TH1 of the wall-through protection tube is 4.5mm, and the inner diameter R2 is 108mm-2 × 4.5mm as 99 mm; by looking up DN100 standard pipe clamp dimensions, the standard pipe clamp has an outer diameter R3 of 120mm, a pipe wall thickness TH2 of 5mm, and an inner diameter R4 of 120mm to 2 × 5mm of 110 mm.

The specification and dimensions of the thread adjusting retainer 32, the huff section sealing retainer 33, the long pipe hoop 31 and the end locking gland 35 are determined according to the above design, wherein:

according to the regulations of 110kv and the following cable laying 12D101-05 and underground communication cable laying 05X101-2, the pipe diameter of the through-wall protection pipe 2 is not less than 1.5 times the cable outer diameter, and when the through-wall protection pipe 2 of DN100 type is used, the maximum cable outer diameter Dmax passing through the through-wall protection pipe 2 is R2/1.5-99 mm/1.5-66 mm, which meets the requirement.

The inner hole of the thread adjusting retainer ring 32 is hexagonal, and the matching clearance between the maximum cable outer diameter Dmax plus the inner diameter of the cable and the thread adjusting retainer ring 32 is 66mm plus 9mm which is 75 mm; the outer diameter of the thread adjusting retainer 32 is G4 inch pipe thread with the outer diameter, the axial thickness is 10mm, and the material is Q235A (the welding technical requirement refers to 'waterproof sleeve' 02S404, the component is suitable for various cables passing through in DN100 specification).

The outer diameter of the half joint sealing check ring 33 is equal to the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31, and the fit clearance between the half joint sealing check ring 33 and the long pipe hoop 31 is equal to 110mm-5mm and equal to 105 mm; the inner diameter of the half joint sealing retainer ring 33 is 62mm +5mm, which is 67mm, of the fit clearance between the outer diameter of the cable and the half joint sealing retainer ring 33; the axial thickness is 10mm (metal material) or 15mm (nylon material), and the material of the half joint sealing ring 33 may be carbon steel, cast copper or nylon, preferably Q235 carbon steel. The half joint sealing retainer ring 33 can be produced in a standardized, serialized and marketized mode according to the configuration of the passing-through cable.

Design of the sealed cavity between the long pipe clamp 31 and the cable:

the radial clearance of the unilateral sealing cavity is (the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop 31-the outer diameter of the cable)/2 is (110mm-62mm)/2 is 24 mm; the seal ring group 34 is composed of two O-shaped seal rings, the line diameter of the seal ring is equal to the radial gap of the unilateral sealing cavity is equal to 24mm, the inner diameter of the seal ring is equal to 62mm of the outer diameter of the cable, and the outer diameter of the obtained seal ring is equal to the inner diameter of the seal ring plus 2 times the line diameter of the seal ring is equal to 62mm plus 2 times 24mm is equal to 110 mm; the axial seal length is 2 × the line diameter of the seal ring is 2 × 24mm is 48mm (when sealing materials such as asbestos rope or oil-immersed jute rope are used, the axial seal length is not less than the specification of the wedge seal length and the O-shaped seal length of the flexible waterproof sleeve in the 02S404 waterproof sleeve atlas); similarly, the seal ring set 34 can be standardized, serialized, and marketable according to the configuration of the cable to be passed through.

Design for end locking gland 35:

the inside diameter of the end locking gland 35 is maximum crossing cable outside diameter + crossing fit clearance is 66mm +10mm is 76mm, the outside diameter of the end locking gland 35 is G4 inch pipe thread, the axial length is 60mm, and the material is preferably Q235 carbon steel.

Design of the long pipe clamp 31:

the long pipe hoop 31 is a DN100 conical pipe made of Q235 carbon steel, and the effective screwing length of the thread is 27 mm; the axial length of the long pipe clamp 31, i.e., the screwing length + the guaranteed clearance + the axial thickness of the thread adjusting retainer 32 + the axial thickness of the 2 × hough section retainer 33 + the axial seal length of the seal ring set 34 + the locking distance, is 27mm +10mm +10mm +2 × 10mm +48mm +27mm, i.e., 142mm, and therefore the axial length of the long pipe clamp 31 is 150 mm.

The sealing design of the wall-penetrating protection pipe 2 and the wall body 01 is as follows:

the through-wall protection tube 2 is pre-buried in a wall body 01 in a structural mode of three wing ring plates 21 (see 02S404 waterproof casing design atlas); the outside diameter of the wing ring plate 21 is 210mm, the inside diameter of the wing ring plate 21 is 108mm +2mm + 110mm, the outside diameter of the wall-penetrating protective tube 2 + the fit clearance, and the thickness of the wing ring plate 21 is 10 mm; the material is Q235A, and the welding technology refers to '02S 404 waterproof sleeve atlas'.

Because the periphery of the construction site does not have external processing capacity, the method of on-site manufacturing is adopted, the pipe body of the through-wall protection pipe 2 is a standard DN200 common steel pipe, and the wing ring plate 21 is formed by welding a standard DN200 flange sheet and the pipe body of the through-wall protection pipe 2; in the current corresponding specification, the wedge-shaped rubber ring and the O-shaped rubber ring are not serialized and standardized. At present, O-shaped rubber ropes are processed into O-shaped sealing rings on site, or materials such as asbestos ropes, oil-immersed jute ropes and the like are directly adopted to replace the O-shaped rubber rings, and good effects are also achieved.

Specifically, the construction method of the flexible waterproof sealing structure comprises the following steps:

step one, pre-burying a through-wall protection pipe 2 at a preset position of a wall body 01, so that a wing ring plate 21 of the through-wall protection pipe 2 is completely buried in the wall body 01.

Specifically, the method comprises (see fig. 2E):

1) a reserved through-wall hole 011 is arranged at the position where the through-wall protection pipe 2 is embedded in the wall body 01, and reinforcing ribs 013 (preferably 45 degrees) are distributed around the reserved through-wall hole 011 at an angle with the conventional distribution ribs 012 on the basis of the vertical and horizontal conventional distribution ribs 012 of the wall body 01;

2) binding or welding and fixing a wing ring plate 21 of the through-wall protection pipe 2 with structural steel bars (conventional distribution ribs 012) of a wall body 01;

3) and (4) carrying out template support and wall body pouring, and embedding the through-wall protection tube 2 into the wall body 01.

Secondly, screwing the long pipe hoop 31 internally provided with the thread adjusting check ring 32 on the thread end 22 of the wall-through protection pipe 2, and then pre-sleeving the sealing ring group 34 and the end part locking gland 35 on the cable or the optical cable 1; two selected Haff-section sealing check rings 33 with corresponding specifications are installed on the cable or optical cable 1, so that the sealing ring group 34 is positioned between the two Haff-section sealing check rings 33, and the flexible sealing element formed by the two Haff-section sealing check rings 33 and the sealing ring group 34 is installed in place.

And step three, sequentially extruding and pushing flexible sealing elements formed by the two half joint sealing check rings 33 and the sealing ring group 34 into the long pipe hoop 31 until the flexible sealing elements contact with the thread adjusting check ring 32, and then screwing the threaded end of the end part locking gland 35 into the long pipe hoop 31, so that the sealing ring group 34 in the sealed cavity forms enough pre-pressing pre-tightening force, namely the sealing ring group 34 is in a three-way stress state to form static seal.

After the installation, yellow grease is smeared at the threaded connection parts of the long pipe hoop 31, the through-wall protection pipe 2, the end locking gland 35, the long pipe hoop 31 and the like, glass fiber cloth is wound, the emulsified asphalt is used for anticorrosion treatment, fine sand is used for backfilling the peripheries of the through-wall protection pipe 2 and the cable or optical cable 1, and a protection plate is covered above the backfilled soil (the construction process is referred to '02S 404 waterproof casing design atlas').

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and that various equivalent modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an underground buried cable or optical cable are flexible seal structure for wall-piercing for to passing underground buried cable or optical cable of wall body (01) and seal, including being used for suit cable or optical cable wear wall protection tube (2), its characterized in that still includes flexible seal assembly (3) of setting at the upstream side of wall protection tube (2) at least, and flexible seal assembly (3) include:

the end part of the long pipe hoop (31) is in threaded connection with the wall-through protection pipe (2), and a threaded adjusting check ring (32) is arranged inside the end;

an end locking gland (35) which is in threaded connection with the other end of the long pipe hoop (31); and

the flexible sealing element is positioned inside the long pipe hoop (31) between the thread adjusting retainer ring (32) and the end locking gland (35), and the flexible sealing element is coated on the cable or the optical cable (1) and forms static seal with the sealing surface of the wall-penetrating protection pipe (2) and the cable or the optical cable (1) respectively.

2. The flexible sealing structure for the wall penetration of the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the flexible sealing element is composed of two half joint sealing retaining rings (33), and any one of a sealing ring group (34), an asbestos rope and an oil-immersed jute rope which are positioned between the two half joint sealing retaining rings (33), and each half joint sealing retaining ring (33) is a circular ring structure formed by split butt joint of two half circular rings; preferably, the half lines L of the two half joint sealing retainer rings (33) sleeved on the cable or the optical cable (1) are vertical to each other.

3. The flexible sealing structure for the underground direct-buried cable or optical cable wall penetration according to claim 2, wherein the sealing ring set (34) is sleeved on the cable or optical cable (1) and comprises at least two sealing rings in extrusion contact, and the cross section of each sealing ring is wedge-shaped or O-shaped.

4. The underground direct-buried cable or optical cable wall-penetrating flexible sealing structure according to claim 2, wherein the size of the inner hole of the thread adjusting retainer ring (32) is larger than the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1) which the wall-penetrating protection tube (2) passes through, the inner diameter of the hough section sealing retainer ring (33) is consistent with the outer diameter of the cable or optical cable (1), and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the long pipe hoop (31) and larger than the inner diameter of the thread adjusting retainer ring (32).

5. A flexible sealing structure for underground buried cable or optical cable wall penetration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end locking gland (35) comprises a threaded portion (351) and an end cap portion (352), the threaded portion (351) extends into the interior of the long pipe hoop (31) and is in threaded connection with the long pipe hoop (31), and the end cap portion (352) extends out of the end of the long pipe hoop (31).

6. The underground buried cable or optical cable wall-penetrating flexible sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner hole shape of the thread adjusting collar (32) is a hexagonal hole, and the distance S between opposite sides of the hexagonal hole is D +10mm, wherein D is the outer diameter of the largest-sized cable or optical cable (1) which the wall-penetrating protection tube (2) can pass through.

7. The flexible sealing structure for the wall penetration of underground direct-buried cables or optical cables according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least three wing ring plates (21) are welded on the tube body of the wall penetration protection tube (2), and all the wing ring plates (21) are embedded into the wall body (01).

8. A sealing structure for penetrating through walls of underground directly-buried cables or optical cables is characterized by comprising the flexible sealing structure for penetrating through walls of the underground directly-buried cables or the optical cables as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 and reinforcing ribs (013) arranged in a wall body (01), wherein the reinforcing ribs (013) are arranged around reserved through-wall holes (011) at an angle with conventional distribution ribs (012) in the wall body (01), and the reserved through-wall holes (011) are positioned at the positions of the pre-buried through-wall protection pipes (2) in the wall body (01); preferably, the included angle between the regular distribution ribs (012) and the reinforcing ribs (013) is 45 degrees.

9. A construction method of the waterproof sealing structure for the wall penetration of the underground direct-buried cable or the optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

embedding a through-wall protection pipe (2) at a preset position of a wall body (01) in advance, so that a wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) is completely embedded in the wall body (01);

secondly, screwing a long pipe hoop (31) internally provided with a thread adjusting check ring (32) on a thread end (22) of the through-wall protection pipe (2), and then pre-sleeving a sealing ring group (34) and an end locking gland (35) on the cable or the optical cable (1); installing two selected Haff section sealing check rings (33) on a cable or an optical cable (1), enabling a sealing ring group (24) to be located between the two Haff section sealing check rings (33), and installing a flexible sealing element formed by the two Haff section sealing check rings (33) and a sealing ring group (34) in place;

and thirdly, sequentially extruding and pushing the flexible sealing elements into the long pipe hoop (31) until the flexible sealing elements contact with the thread adjusting retainer ring (32), and then screwing the threaded end of the end part locking gland (35) into the long pipe hoop (31) so as to enable the sealing ring group (34) in the sealed cavity to form enough pre-pressing pre-tightening force, namely the sealing ring group (34) is in a three-way stress state to form static seal.

10. The construction method according to claim 9, wherein the first step specifically comprises:

1) the method is characterized in that a reserved through-wall hole (011) is formed in the position where a through-wall protection pipe (2) is embedded in a wall body (01), and reinforcing ribs (013) (the preferred angle is 45 degrees) are distributed on the periphery of the reserved through-wall hole (011) at an angle with conventional distribution ribs (012) on the basis of the vertical and horizontal conventional distribution ribs (012) of the wall body (01);

2) binding or welding and fixing a wing ring plate (21) of the through-wall protection pipe (2) with conventional distribution ribs (012) of a wall body (01);

3) and (3) carrying out template support and wall body pouring, and embedding the wall-through protective tube (2) in the wall body (01).

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