CN111585044A - Compensation network of 5G antenna feed network - Google Patents
Compensation network of 5G antenna feed network Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585044A CN111585044A CN202010408030.1A CN202010408030A CN111585044A CN 111585044 A CN111585044 A CN 111585044A CN 202010408030 A CN202010408030 A CN 202010408030A CN 111585044 A CN111585044 A CN 111585044A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network, which comprises a phase compensation network and/or an impedance compensation network; the phase compensation network is used for carrying out phase compensation on the corresponding radiation unit according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested phase and the designed phase; and the impedance compensation network is used for carrying out impedance compensation on the corresponding feed network according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested impedance and the designed impedance. The embodiment of the invention compensates the tolerance and other deviations in the engineering and material manufacturing process by changing the number and characteristics of the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network, thereby realizing the rapid development and consistency debugging of the 5G antenna feed network; the phase compensation network can reduce snakelike broken line layout and reduce the wiring loss and the wiring layout difficulty of the whole machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network.
Background
With the application and development of mobile communication technology and 5G large-scale array technology, the 5G array antenna has realized downward inclination angle adjustment of the vertical plane of the directional diagram, and further realized the optimized signal coverage effect.
At present, the frequency band of a 5G system is higher than that of a 4G system, the distance between array unit groups is smaller, the matching design and development are carried out on the frequency band and the main equipment, the space of the phase shifter layout and the transmission layout of a feed network part is limited, a printed circuit board is mainly adopted as the feed network and the coupling network, the phase and impedance consistency of the feed network is influenced by factors such as the processing precision of the printed circuit board, the dielectric constant stability of a substrate, the array coupling and the like, so that the difference between an actual design product and a theoretical design is caused, and the actual debugging and; in addition, the working frequency of 5G is higher than that of 4G, the influence of the processing precision and the material consistency on the orientation indexes is more serious, the printing plate throwing period after the printed circuit board is debugged is long, the cost is high, and the production and design period and the cost are further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a compensation network for a 5G antenna feed network that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned existing phase or impedance consistency problems.
The embodiment of the invention provides a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network, which comprises a phase compensation network and/or an impedance compensation network;
the phase compensation network is used for performing phase compensation on the corresponding radiation unit according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested phase and the designed phase;
and the impedance compensation network is used for carrying out impedance compensation on the corresponding feed network according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested impedance and the designed impedance.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Optionally, the phase compensation network and the impedance compensation network are integrated on a feed network of the array antenna, and the corresponding radiation unit is located right above the feed network, where the feed network of the array antenna is in the form of a feed microstrip line, a stripline, a coaxial line, a suspended microstrip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
Optionally, the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network are integrated on a feed network of the array antenna, and the corresponding radiation unit is located right above the feed network, where the feed network of the array antenna is in the form of a feed microstrip line, a stripline, a coaxial line, a suspended microstrip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
Optionally, the phase compensation network includes at least one phase compensation unit, and each phase compensation unit includes at least one phase compensation unit.
Optionally, the first-stage phase compensation unit includes at least one main path phase compensation unit, and the nth-stage phase compensation unit includes at least one branch path phase compensation unit, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the main circuit phase compensation unit is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and the branch circuit phase compensation unit is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
and the phase compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit phase compensation units or the branch circuit phase compensation units in each stage of phase compensation unit.
Optionally, the main path phase compensation unit or the branch path phase compensation unit is composed of a dielectric substrate and a metal layer;
and adjusting the phase of the feed network by adjusting the dielectric constant, the coverage thickness and the coverage length of the dielectric substrate.
Optionally, the impedance compensation network includes at least one stage of impedance compensation unit, and each stage of impedance compensation unit includes at least one impedance compensation unit.
Optionally, the first-stage impedance compensation unit includes at least one main circuit impedance compensation unit, and the nth-stage impedance compensation unit includes at least one branch circuit impedance compensation unit, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the main circuit impedance compensation unit is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and the branch circuit impedance compensation unit is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
and the impedance compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit impedance compensation units or the branch circuit impedance compensation units in each level of impedance compensation units.
Optionally, the main circuit impedance compensation unit or the branch circuit impedance compensation unit is composed of a dielectric substrate and two metal layers;
and adjusting the impedance of the feed network by adjusting the dielectric constant, the coverage thickness and the coverage length of the dielectric substrate.
Optionally, the radiating element array applied to the feed network is a continuous array or a discrete array, where the continuous array is a P row and Q column radiating element array or a sub-array in the P row and Q column radiating element array, the discrete array includes a part of radiating elements in the P row and Q column radiating element array, the part of radiating elements includes a plurality of discontinuous radiating elements, and P, Q is a positive integer.
Optionally, each radiating element in the radiating element array is realized by one of die casting, a printed circuit board, sheet metal bending, a chip array, an LCP liquid crystal polymer, and a PPS industrialized liquid crystal polymer.
Optionally, the phase compensation network or the impedance compensation network may adopt a feeding microstrip line or a strip line or a coaxial line or a suspended microstrip line or a coplanar waveguide, and may be packaged in a form similar to a chip resistor for chip assembly or connection.
According to the compensation network of the 5G antenna feed network provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network are/is added on the feed network of the antenna array, so that the tolerance and other deviations in the engineering and material manufacturing processes are compensated, and the rapid development and consistency debugging of the 5G antenna feed network are realized; the phase compensation network can reduce snakelike broken line layout and reduce the wiring loss and the wiring layout difficulty of the whole machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a feeding network of a conventional 5G antenna;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a first feeding network including a phase compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a schematic front view of a first feed network including a phase compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a second feed network including an impedance compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a schematic front view of a second feed network including an impedance compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross section of a conventional microstrip line structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross section of a phase compensation network;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross section of a device including an impedance compensation network;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-section with a phase compensation network;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-section view of an impedance compensation network.
In the drawings, the names of the components represented by the respective reference numerals are as follows:
1. the compensation network, 2, the phase compensation network, 201, the branch phase compensation unit, 202, the main path phase compensation unit, 2011, the top dielectric layer, 2012, the first bottom metal layer, 2013, the phase compensation unit connecting layer, 3, the impedance compensation network, 301, the branch impedance compensation unit, 302, the main path impedance compensation unit, 3011, the first top metal layer, 3012, the first middle dielectric layer, 3013, the second bottom metal layer, 3014, the impedance compensation unit connecting layer, 4, the feed network, 401, the feed point, 402, the feed microstrip line, 4021, the second top metal layer, 4022, the second middle dielectric layer, 4023, the third bottom metal layer, 403, and the column feed microstrip line.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the feed network of the existing 5G-standard large-scale antenna array, the problem of inconsistent phase or impedance is solved. As shown in fig. 1, a compensation network 1 of a 5G antenna feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a phase compensation network 2 and/or an impedance compensation network 3, where an abbreviated letter of the compensation network 1 is CN, an abbreviated letter of the phase compensation network 2 is PCN, and an abbreviated letter of the impedance compensation network 3 is ZCN.
The phase compensation network 2 is used for performing phase compensation on corresponding radiation units according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested phase and the designed phase so as to compensate phase difference caused by engineering and material reasons; and the impedance compensation network 3 is used for performing impedance compensation on the corresponding feed network according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested impedance and the designed impedance so as to compensate the impedance difference caused by engineering and material reasons.
In the embodiment of the invention, the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network are/is added on the feed network of the antenna array to compensate tolerance and other deviations in engineering and material manufacturing processes, so that the rapid development and consistency debugging of the 5G antenna feed network are realized; the phase compensation network can reduce snakelike broken line layout and reduce the wiring loss and the wiring layout difficulty of the whole machine.
As an optional embodiment, the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network are integrated on a feed network of the array antenna, and the corresponding radiation unit is located right above the feed network, wherein the feed network of the array antenna is in the form of a feed microstrip line, a strip line, a coaxial line, a suspended microstrip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
It will be appreciated that in embodiments of the present invention, the compensation network of the feed network comprises a phase compensation network and/or an impedance compensation network, which may take the form of a plurality of microwave transmission lines, such as feed microstrip lines or stripline or coax lines or suspended microstrip lines or coplanar waveguides. The radiating element applied by the feed network is located directly above the feed microstrip line or stripline or coaxial line or suspended microstrip line or coplanar waveguide.
As an alternative embodiment, the phase compensation network 2 includes at least one stage of phase compensation unit, and each stage of phase compensation unit includes at least one phase compensation unit.
The first-stage phase compensation unit comprises at least one main path phase compensation unit 202, the Nth-stage phase compensation unit comprises at least one branch path phase compensation unit 201, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
each main circuit phase compensation unit 202 is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and each branch circuit phase compensation unit 201 is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
the phase compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit phase compensation unit 202 or the branch circuit phase compensation unit 201 in each stage of phase compensation unit.
Wherein each main circuit phase compensation unit 202 or each branch circuit phase compensation unit 201 is composed of a dielectric substrate and a metal layer, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is changedr1The covering thickness h1 and the covering length L1 change the phase of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the phase difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network. The larger the number of the branch phase compensation units 201 and the main phase compensation units 202, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrater1The larger the coverage thickness h1 and the longer the coverage length L1, the more the phase of compensation, and the more the phase lag of the feed network.
As an alternative embodiment, the impedance compensation network 3 includes at least one stage of impedance compensation unit, and each stage of impedance compensation unit includes at least one impedance compensation unit.
The first-stage impedance compensation unit comprises at least one main circuit impedance compensation unit 302, the Nth-stage impedance compensation unit comprises at least one branch circuit impedance compensation unit 301, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
a main circuit impedance compensation unit 302 is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and a branch circuit impedance compensation unit 301 is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
the impedance compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit impedance compensation unit 302 or the branch circuit impedance compensation unit 301 in each stage of impedance compensation unit.
Wherein each branch impedance compensation unit 301 or each main path impedance compensation unit 302 comprises a dielectric substrate and two metal layers, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is changedr2The coverage thickness h2 and the coverage length L2 change the impedance of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the impedance difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network.
As an optional embodiment, the 5G electrically tunable antenna applied to the feeding network has M phase compensation networks and N impedance compensation networks in the compensation network, where M, N is a positive integer.
As an alternative embodiment, the array of radiation elements used in the feeding network is a continuous array or a discrete array, where the continuous array is a P row and Q column array of radiation elements or a sub-array in the P row and Q column array of radiation elements, the discrete array includes a part of radiation elements in the P row and Q column array of radiation elements, and the part of radiation elements includes a plurality of radiation elements that are discontinuous, where P, Q is a positive integer.
It is to be understood that the radiation element array applied in the embodiment of the present invention is a continuous array or a discrete array, where, for example, one radiation element array includes 6 rows and 8 columns of radiation elements, and the continuous array refers to a sub-array in the radiation element array including the entire 6 rows and 8 columns or 6 rows and 8 columns, for example, a sub-array in 2 rows and 2 columns; the discrete array includes discontinuous portions of the radiation elements in the 6 rows and 8 columns of radiation element arrays, for example, any 4 radiation elements in the 6 rows and 8 columns of radiation element arrays, where the 4 radiation elements are discontinuous.
It should be noted that the compensation network of the 5G antenna feed network provided by the embodiment of the present invention mainly has three expression forms, the first expression is that the compensation network 1 includes a phase compensation network 2; in a second form, the compensation network 1 comprises an impedance compensation network 3; in a third form, the compensation network 1 includes a phase compensation network 2 and an impedance compensation network 3.
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention, a feeding network of an existing common 5G antenna is introduced as a comparative case, where the comparative case is a feeding network of a specific antenna array, where fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the feeding network of the common 5G antenna, and the number of row elements of the corresponding radiating element array is P ═ 6, and the number of column elements Q ═ 8, and there are 48 radiating elements. Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a feed network of the conventional 5G antenna, and as shown in fig. 2, the feed network 4 of the feed network of the 5G antenna mainly consists of 2-arrangement feed microstrip lines 403, each column feed microstrip line 403 consists of 3 feed points 401 and a plurality of sections of feed microstrip lines 402, and as shown in fig. 2, the feed network 4 consists of 32 column feed microstrip lines 403, and 96 feed points 401 in total. It can be seen that each column of feeding microstrip lines 403 has a feeding microstrip line 402 with a serpentine curve, which has the disadvantage that the multiple feeding microstrip lines 402 are mutually coupled and affect each other, and occupy a large layout area of the feeding network 4, thereby severely restricting the electrical performance index and other structural layouts.
In order to solve the above disadvantages of the feeding network of the common 5G antenna, the embodiment of the present invention provides a feeding network of a first antenna including a phase compensation network, and as shown in fig. 3, a schematic front view of the feeding network of the first antenna including the phase compensation network 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 3, in addition to the column feed microstrip lines 403 included in the feed network 4, a branch phase compensation unit 201 and a main path phase compensation unit 202 are added to each column feed microstrip line 403, as shown by black circles in the figure. Each column feed microstrip line 403 includes 3 branch phase compensation units 201 and 1 main phase compensation unit 202, and the whole feed network 4 includes 32 column feed microstrip lines, and totally 96 branch phase compensation units 201 and 32 main phase compensation units 202. Through comparison between fig. 3 and fig. 2, only the phase compensation network 2 is added locally, and the feeding microstrip line 402 of the embodiment of the present invention in fig. 3 is significantly symmetrical and simpler than the feeding microstrip line 402 in fig. 2, so that mutual coupling of the feeding microstrip line 402 is greatly reduced, and phase consistency is further improved. In addition, the invention avoids the wiring of the feed microstrip line 402 in a serpentine microstrip line wiring form, greatly improves the layout space of the feed network 4, and as can be seen by comparing fig. 3 with fig. 2, the feed microstrip line 402 of the first antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple wiring form, is basically in a linear form, has little influence on structural assembly, and has larger degree of freedom. For a large-scale array antenna, in terms of space size, the freedom of layout wiring and structure is greatly improved, and the wiring loss of the whole machine and the wiring and layout difficulty are reduced.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a front schematic diagram of a first feed network including a phase compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen that the phase compensation network 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is connected to a feed microstrip line 402 and mainly includes a branch phase compensation unit 201, a position of the branch phase compensation unit is indicated by a phase P in the schematic diagram, the branch phase compensation unit 201 is located on the feed microstrip line 402, and one end of the branch phase compensation unit is a feed point 401. The phase relationship of the feeding point 401 is changed by changing the number and characteristics of the branch phase compensation units 201. Similarly, the compensation method of the main path phase compensation unit 202 is the same, and the phase relationship of the three branch feeding points 401 of the column feeding microstrip line 403 where the main path phase compensation unit 202 is located is changed by changing the number and characteristics of the main path phase compensation units 202.
Fig. 5 shows a second feeding network with an impedance compensation network for an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, where fig. 5 is a schematic front view of the second feeding network with an impedance compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, in addition to the column feed microstrip lines 403 included in the feed network 4, a branch impedance compensation unit 301 and a main path impedance compensation unit 302 are added to each column feed microstrip line 403, as shown by black circles in the figure. Each column feed microstrip line 403 includes 3 branch impedance compensation units 301 and 1 main impedance compensation unit 302. The whole feed network 4 contains 32 column feed microstrip lines, and 96 branch impedance compensation units 301 and 32 main circuit impedance compensation units 302 in total.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a front schematic diagram of a second feed network including an impedance compensation network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen that the impedance compensation network 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention is connected to a feed microstrip line 402, and mainly includes a branch impedance compensation unit 301, and the position of the branch impedance compensation unit is indicated by impedance Z in the schematic diagram. The branch impedance compensation unit 301 is located on the feeding microstrip line 402, and one end is a feeding point 401. The impedance matching relationship of the feeding point 401 is changed by changing the number and characteristics of the branch impedance compensation units 301. Similarly, the compensation method of the main path impedance compensation unit 302 is the same, and the impedance matching relationship of the three branch feeding points 401 of the column feeding microstrip line 403 where the main path impedance compensation unit 302 is located is changed by changing the number and characteristics of the main path impedance compensation units 302.
In the third antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, a feed network including a phase compensation network and an impedance compensation network, that is, a compensation network 1 including a phase compensation network 2 and an impedance compensation network 3, is combined as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5, in addition to the row feed microstrip lines 403 included in the feed network 4, a branch phase compensation unit 201, a main path phase compensation unit 202, a branch impedance compensation unit 301, and a main path impedance compensation unit 302 are added to each row feed microstrip line 403, and the compensation principle and method of the feed network of the former two antennas are the same as the compensation principle and method of the feed network of the former two antennas, and a description thereof is not repeated here.
By adopting one of the compensation networks of the feed network of the antenna array provided by the above three embodiments, the phase and/or impedance relationship of each feed point 401 of the feed network 4 can be compensated. In the case of a finite array, any number of feeding points 401 in the P columns and Q rows of the array, i.e. any subarray in any P × Q array is changed, may take any value from 1 × 1 to P × Q, where P ≧ 1 integer and Q ≧ 1 integer.
Wherein, each radiating element in the radiating element array can be realized by one of die casting, printed circuit board, sheet metal bending, surface mount device array, LCP liquid crystal polymer and PPS industrialized liquid crystal polymer.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional microstrip line structure in a side view cross section, which schematically shows that a conventional microstrip feed line 402 includes three parts, i.e., a second top metal layer 4021, a second intermediate dielectric layer 4022, and a third bottom metal layer 4023, wherein the second intermediate dielectric layer 4022 has a relative dielectric constant ofr。
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross-section of a phase compensation network with branches in the upper half of the diagramThe phase compensation unit 201, as shown in the figure, the phase compensation unit 201 mainly includes three portions, namely, a top dielectric layer 2011, a first bottom metal layer 2012 and a phase compensation unit connection layer 2013. The lower half shown in the figure is a structural schematic diagram of an existing ordinary microstrip line, and includes three parts, namely, a second top metal layer 4021, a second intermediate dielectric layer 4022, and a third bottom metal layer 4023. The top dielectric layer 2011 mainly changes the phase speed of signal propagation on the feeder 401, and further changes the phase of signal propagation; the first bottom metal layer 2012 is mainly used to ensure good transmission characteristics of signal propagation. The branch phase compensation unit 201 may include the first bottom metal layer 2012, or may remove the first bottom metal layer 2012 as needed; the phase compensation unit connection layer 2013 is mainly used for connecting the phase compensation unit 201 and the feed microstrip line 402, and the phase compensation unit connection layer 2013 may be metal or nonmetal and may be implemented by various connection forms or processes such as welding, hot melting or clamping. As shown in FIG. 8, the characteristics of the substrate of the top dielectric layer 2011 mainly include the dielectric constantr1A cover thickness h1 and a cover length L1. By changing the dielectric constant of the substrate in the top dielectric layer 2011r1The covering thickness h1 and the covering length L1 change the phase of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the phase difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network. The main path phase compensation unit 202 and the branch path phase compensation unit 201 have the same composition and principle, and are not described again.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross section of an impedance compensation network. The upper half portion of the diagram is the branch impedance compensation unit 301, and the branch impedance compensation unit 301 mainly includes a first top metal layer 3011, a first intermediate dielectric layer 3012, a second bottom metal layer 3013, and an impedance compensation unit connection layer 3014. The lower half shown in the figure is a structural schematic diagram of a common microstrip line, and includes three parts, namely, a second top metal layer 4021, a second intermediate dielectric layer 4022, and a third bottom metal layer 4023. The second bottom metal layer 3013 is mainly used to ensure good transmission characteristics of signal propagation, and the branch impedance compensation unit 301 may include the second bottom metal layer 3013, or may remove the second bottom metal layer 3013 as needed. Impedance (L)The compensation unit connection layer 3014 mainly connects the impedance compensation unit 301 and the feed microstrip line 402, and the impedance compensation unit connection layer 3014 may be metal or nonmetal and may be implemented by various connection forms or processes such as welding, hot melting, or clamping. As shown in FIG. 9, the characteristics of the substrate of the top dielectric layer 3012 mainly include the dielectric constantr2A cover thickness h2 and a cover length L2. The branch impedance compensation unit 301 and the microstrip line 402 are re-configured to form a new strip line structure by changing the dielectric constant of the substrate of the intermediate layer medium 3012r2The coverage thickness h2 and the coverage length L2 change the impedance of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the impedance difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network. The main path impedance compensation unit 302 and the branch path impedance compensation unit 301 have the same composition and principle, and are not described again.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-section with a phase compensation network. As shown in fig. 10, the shape of the branch phase compensation unit 201 is similar to the packaging form of the patch component, and the phase compensation network 2 may be tested and then packaged, and then the absolute phase patches with different specifications and fixed values may be made. The surface mount type packaging form is adopted, the section size is small, the requirement on the structural size of the whole machine layout is small, and the weight of the whole machine is light; the patch mode can realize batch production and automatic welding, automatic manufacturing and high consistency of circuit parameter indexes. The branch phase compensation unit 201 shown in fig. 10 mainly includes three portions, i.e., a top dielectric layer 2011, a first bottom metal layer 2012 and a phase compensation unit connection layer 2013. The feed microstrip line 402 is connected through the first bottom metal layer 2012, the cover length of the top dielectric layer 2011 is L1, and the equivalent phase of the feed microstrip line 402 is changed by changing the cover length L1 of the top dielectric layer 2011.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a front cross section of the impedance compensation network 3. As shown in fig. 11, the shape of the branch impedance compensation unit 301 is similar to the packaging form of the patch component, and the impedance compensation network may be tested and then packaged, and then the impedance patch with different specifications and fixed values may be made. The surface mount type packaging form is adopted, the section size is small, the requirement on the structural size of the whole machine layout is small, and the weight of the whole machine is light; the patch mode can realize batch production and automatic welding, automatic manufacturing and high consistency of circuit parameter indexes. The branch impedance compensation unit 301 shown in fig. 11 mainly includes four portions, i.e., a first top metal layer 3011, a first intermediate dielectric layer 3012, a second bottom metal layer 3013, and an impedance compensation unit connection layer 3014. The feed microstrip line 402 is connected through the second bottom metal layer 3013, the coverage length of the top dielectric layer 3012 is L2, and the equivalent impedance of the feed microstrip line 402 is changed by changing the coverage length L2 of the top dielectric layer 3012.
The embodiment of the invention provides a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network, which comprises a phase compensation network 2 and/or an impedance compensation network 3. The phase compensation network 2 changes the number and characteristics of the phase compensation network 2, that is, the number and characteristics of the branch phase compensation unit 201 and the main phase compensation unit 202, and the branch phase compensation unit 201 and the main phase compensation unit 202 are both composed of a dielectric substrate and a metal layer, and in principle, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is changedr1The covering thickness h1 and the covering length L1 change the phase of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the phase difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network. The impedance compensation network 3 changes the number and characteristics of the impedance compensation network 3, that is, the number and characteristics of the branch impedance compensation unit 301 and the main path impedance compensation unit 302, thereby changing the branch impedance compensation unit 301 and the main path impedance compensation unit 302. By varying the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate in principler2The coverage thickness h2 and the coverage length L2 change the impedance matching characteristic of the feed network, and further achieve the purpose of compensating the impedance difference caused by the engineering design error of the feed network.
The embodiment of the invention provides a compensation network of a 5G antenna feed network, which comprises a phase compensation network and/or an impedance compensation network. The embodiment of the invention compensates the tolerance and deviation in the engineering manufacturing process by changing the number and the characteristics of the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network, thereby realizing the consistency debugging of the 5G antenna feed network; the phase compensation network can reduce snakelike broken line layout and reduce the wiring loss of the whole machine and the wiring and layout difficulty; the packaging form of a similar chip resistor is adopted, the section size is small, the requirement on the structural size of the whole machine layout is small, and the whole machine is light in weight; the patch mode can realize batch production and automatic welding, automatic manufacturing and high consistency of circuit parameter indexes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The compensation network of the 5G antenna feed network is characterized by comprising a phase compensation network and/or an impedance compensation network;
the phase compensation network is used for performing phase compensation on the corresponding radiation unit according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested phase and the designed phase;
and the impedance compensation network is used for carrying out impedance compensation on the corresponding feed network according to the deviation between the actually debugged or tested impedance and the designed impedance.
2. The compensation network of claim 1, wherein the phase compensation network and/or the impedance compensation network are integrated on a feed network of an array antenna, and the corresponding radiating element is located directly above the feed network, wherein the feed network of the array antenna is in the form of a feed microstrip line, a stripline, a coaxial line, a suspended microstrip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
3. The compensation network of a 5G antenna feeding network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phase compensation network comprises at least one stage of phase compensation unit, each stage of phase compensation unit comprising at least one phase compensation unit.
4. The compensation network for a 5G antenna feeding network according to claim 3, wherein the first stage phase compensation unit comprises at least one main path phase compensation unit, and the Nth stage phase compensation unit comprises at least one branch path phase compensation unit, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the main circuit phase compensation unit is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and the branch circuit phase compensation unit is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
and the phase compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit phase compensation units or the branch circuit phase compensation units in each stage of phase compensation unit.
5. The compensation network for a 5G antenna feed network of claim 4, wherein the main path phase compensation unit or the branch path phase compensation unit is composed of a dielectric substrate and a metal layer;
and adjusting the phase of the feed network by adjusting the dielectric constant, the coverage thickness and the coverage length of the dielectric substrate.
6. The compensation network for a 5G antenna feeding network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impedance compensation network comprises at least one stage of impedance compensation unit, each stage of impedance compensation unit comprising at least one impedance compensation unit.
7. The compensation network for a 5G antenna feeding network according to claim 6, wherein the first stage impedance compensation unit comprises at least one main path impedance compensation unit, and the Nth stage impedance compensation unit comprises at least one branch path impedance compensation unit, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the main circuit impedance compensation unit is connected in series with a main circuit of the feed network, and the branch circuit impedance compensation unit is connected in series with a branch circuit of the feed network;
and the impedance compensation of the feed network is realized by changing the number and polarity of the main circuit impedance compensation units or the branch circuit impedance compensation units in each level of impedance compensation units.
8. The compensation network of claim 5G antenna feed network of claim 5, wherein the main path impedance compensation unit or the branch path impedance compensation unit is composed of a dielectric substrate and two metal layers;
and adjusting the impedance of the feed network by adjusting the dielectric constant, the coverage thickness and the coverage length of the dielectric substrate.
9. The compensation network of claim 1 or 2, wherein the array of radiating elements applied by the feeding network is a continuous array or a discrete array, wherein the continuous array is a subarray in a P-row and Q-column array of radiating elements or a P-row and Q-column array of radiating elements, the discrete array comprises a partial radiating element in the P-row and Q-column array of radiating elements, the partial radiating element comprises a plurality of discontinuous radiating elements, and P, Q is a positive integer.
10. The compensation network for a 5G antenna feed network of claim 9, wherein each radiating element in the array of radiating elements is implemented by one of die casting, printed circuit board, sheet metal bending, patch array, LCP liquid crystal polymer, PPS industrialized liquid crystal polymer.
11. The compensation network of claim 1, wherein the phase compensation network or the impedance compensation network is formed by a feeding microstrip line or a strip line or a coaxial line or a suspended microstrip line or a coplanar waveguide, and is packaged in a form similar to a chip resistor for chip assembly or connection.
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