CN113594669A - Antenna and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antenna and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113594669A CN113594669A CN202110873048.3A CN202110873048A CN113594669A CN 113594669 A CN113594669 A CN 113594669A CN 202110873048 A CN202110873048 A CN 202110873048A CN 113594669 A CN113594669 A CN 113594669A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an antenna and a preparation method thereof. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the sub-antenna comprises an auxiliary substrate, a phase shifter and a first metal electrode positioned on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric function layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric function layer; the second metal electrode includes a plurality of transmission electrodes; the auxiliary substrates of the sub-antennas are the same auxiliary substrate. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the antenna gain is difficult to improve in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna and a preparation method thereof.
Background
An antenna is an important radio device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and it can be said that there is no communication device without an antenna.
The phased array antenna is an upgrade of the traditional antenna, can quickly and flexibly change antenna beams and pointing shapes according to targets, and can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves of all frequency bands in the whole space, namely, the tasks of searching, tracking, capturing, identifying and the like of a plurality of targets can be accurately completed. In order to improve the antenna radiation gain and realize communication at a longer distance, the scale of the phased array antenna can only be improved.
However, increasing the size of a phased array antenna can introduce new problems that make it difficult to increase the antenna gain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antenna and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the gain of the antenna is difficult to improve in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, where the antenna includes:
a plurality of sub-antennas including an auxiliary substrate, a phase shifter, and a first metal electrode on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiators;
each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric functional layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer; the second metal electrode comprises a plurality of transmission electrodes;
the auxiliary substrates of the sub-antennas are the same auxiliary substrate.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing an antenna, where the method for manufacturing an antenna includes:
providing an auxiliary substrate and a plurality of phase shifters; wherein, a first metal electrode is arranged on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiation modules; the plurality of radiation modules correspond to the plurality of phase shifters one by one; each radiation module comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric functional layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer; the second metal electrode comprises a plurality of transmission electrodes;
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate to form the antenna.
Compared with the assembly precision in the prior art, the bonding precision is higher, the relative position precision between the antennas is improved, the limitation of splicing precision is avoided, and the difficulty in improving the antenna gain is caused; meanwhile, the assembly difficulty is simplified, and the production efficiency of the antenna is improved; because need not to reserve the region and be used for setting up the structure that bolt etc. are used for two adjacent antennas, and the laminating precision is higher for move the looks ware and move the gap between the looks ware less, do benefit to the miniaturized design of antenna, when being applied to in the equipment, be favorable to the miniaturization of equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic top view of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic top view of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing another antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing another antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, a conventional spliced antenna is manufactured by using a single antenna 10 ', and then a plurality of antennas 10' are spliced by using bolts or other methods to form an integral structure, so as to increase the scale of an antenna array and further increase the radiation gain of the antenna.
However, as can be seen from fig. 1, when a plurality of antennas 10 ' are spliced by bolts or other methods, since the splicing method belongs to module splicing, the mechanical structure such as a bolt has a large size and limited splicing precision, which makes it difficult to improve the antenna gain, where fig. 1 illustrates that a plurality of antennas 10 ' are spliced by bolts 20 '; and the assembly efficiency is slow; in addition, an enlarged area ZZ ' needs to be reserved between the adjacent antennas 10 ' for arranging a bolt and other structures for fixing the two adjacent antennas 10 ', so that a gap between the antennas 10 ' and 10 ' is large, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antennas. And the relative position between the antennas is difficult to guarantee accurately.
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including: a plurality of sub-antennas including an auxiliary substrate, a phase shifter, and a first metal electrode on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric functional layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer; the second metal electrode comprises a plurality of transmission electrodes; the auxiliary substrates of the sub-antennas are the same auxiliary substrate. That is to say, the radiators of the antennas are arranged on the same auxiliary substrate at one time, the phase shifters are prepared separately, and finally the phase shifters are arranged on the auxiliary substrate in a laminating mode to prepare the large-scale antenna array; because need not to reserve the region and be used for setting up the structure that bolts etc. are used for two adjacent antennas, and the laminating precision is higher for move the looks ware and move the gap between the looks ware less, be favorable to the miniaturized design of antenna, when being applied to in the equipment, be favorable to the miniaturization of equipment.
The above is the core idea of the present invention, and the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of sub-antennas 10, the sub-antennas 10 including an auxiliary substrate 20, a phase shifter 30, and a first metal electrode 40 on the auxiliary substrate 20; the first metal electrode 40 includes a plurality of radiators 41; each phase shifter 30 includes a second metal electrode 31, a third metal electrode 32 and a dielectric functional layer 33, the second metal electrode 31 and the third metal electrode 32 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer 33; the second metal electrode 31 includes a plurality of transfer electrodes 311; the auxiliary substrates 20 of the plurality of sub-antennas 10 are the same auxiliary substrate.
The dielectric functional layer 33 may be a functional layer that can change the dielectric constant, such as a liquid crystal layer or a photodielectric changing layer. When the dielectric functional layer 33 is a liquid crystal layer, the transmission electrode 311 may transmit a high-frequency signal introduced into the antenna; meanwhile, a bias voltage (positive voltage or negative voltage) can be applied to the transmission electrode 311 to generate an electric field under the coaction with the third metal electrode 32 so as to drive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to deflect, and the phase of a high-frequency signal transmitted on the transmission electrode 311 is changed through the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the phase shifting function of the high-frequency signal is realized. When the dielectric functional layer 33 is a photo-dielectric change layer, the transmission electrode 311 transmits only a high-frequency signal introduced into the antenna. The dielectric constant of the photodielectric change layer can be controlled to change by controlling the light intensity; the wavelength may also be used to control the change in the dielectric constant of the photo-induced dielectric change layer, which is not limited in this embodiment as long as the dielectric constant of the photo-induced dielectric change layer can be changed. The dielectric constant of the photodielectric change layer changes, and the phase of the high-frequency signal transmitted on the transmission electrode 311 is shifted, so that the phase shift function of the high-frequency signal is realized. For example, when the dielectric functional layer 33 is a photo-dielectric change layer, the material of the photo-dielectric change layer may include azo dye, azo polymer, or the like.
After the phase of the high frequency signal transmitted on the transmission electrode 311 is changed, the high frequency signal is finally coupled to the radiator 41, and the high frequency signal is radiated to the outside through the radiator 41. The plurality of radiators 41 are independent radiators 41, and each radiator 41 radiates a signal to the outside.
In this embodiment, all radiators 41 of the antenna are disposed on the same auxiliary substrate 20 at one time, the plurality of phase shifters 30 are separately prepared, and then the plurality of prepared phase shifters 30 are disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20, for example, the plurality of phase shifters 30 may be disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20 by bonding, so as to prepare a large-scale antenna array. The radiator 41 may be prepared, for example, by: arranging a layer of first metal electrode 31 on the auxiliary substrate 20, and then patterning the first metal electrode 31 through a photolithography process to form a plurality of radiators 41, wherein the arrangement accuracy of the radiators 41 on the auxiliary substrate 20 is high due to the inherent high accuracy of the photolithography process, and the relative position accuracy between the sub-antennas 10 is improved due to the high attachment accuracy (the phase shifters 30 are arranged on the auxiliary substrate 20), so that the problem that the antenna gain is difficult to improve due to the limited module splicing accuracy in the prior art is solved; and because the laminating precision is higher for move looks ware 30 and move the gap between the ware 30 less, only need reserve the laminating error can, be favorable to the miniaturized design of antenna, when being applied to in the equipment, be favorable to the miniaturization of equipment. And because all radiators 41 are arranged on the same auxiliary substrate 20 at one time, it is not necessary to separately arrange corresponding radiators 41 for each sub-antenna 10, which simplifies the assembly difficulty and improves the production efficiency of the antenna.
The shape of the transmission electrode 311 may be a block shape, a linear shape, or the like, and this embodiment is not particularly limited. When the transmission electrode 311 is linear, the path through which the high-frequency signal is transmitted becomes long, and the influence of the dielectric functional layer 33 on the high-frequency signal increases. It is understood that when the transmission electrode 311 is shaped like a line, the transmission electrode 41 may have a serpentine shape, a W shape formed by connecting a plurality of straight line segments, a U shape connected to each other, or the like (not shown).
It should be noted that the radiation substrate may be provided with an alignment mark (not shown), for example, a hollow pattern is provided on the substrate, so as to facilitate the attachment of the plurality of phase shifters 30.
Optionally, the electric signal transmitted by the transmission electrode 311 may be, for example, a high-frequency signal, and the frequency of the high-frequency signal is, for example, greater than or equal to 1GHz, so that the antenna can be applied to a vehicle, a satellite, a base station, and other devices that propagate at a high speed and in a long distance.
It is understood that the electrical signal transmitted by the transmitting electrode 311 includes, but is not limited to, the above examples.
Optionally, the third metal electrode 32 is provided with a fixed potential. For example, the third metal electrode 32 is disposed to be grounded.
Optionally, the first metal electrode is located on a side of the auxiliary substrate facing away from the phase shifter; or the first metal electrode is positioned on one side of the auxiliary substrate close to the phase shifter. Fig. 2 illustrates the first metal electrode 40 on the side of the auxiliary substrate 20 away from the phase shifter 30.
When the first metal electrode is positioned on one side of the auxiliary substrate close to the phase shifter, namely the radiator is positioned in the auxiliary substrate, the radiator can be protected by the arrangement, and the radiator is prevented from being damaged to influence the outward radiation of high-frequency signals.
It can be understood that, in actual installation, there are multiple modes for the structure of the antenna, the operating principle of the antenna with different structures is slightly different, and the installation positions of the first metal electrode, the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are also slightly different. A typical example will be described in detail below. In which, the dielectric function layer includes a liquid crystal layer as an example. The following is not a limitation of the present application.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, each phase shifter 30 further includes: a first substrate 34 and a second substrate 35 disposed opposite to each other; the first substrate 34 is located on a side of the second substrate 35 facing away from the auxiliary substrate 20; the frame sealing glue 36 is arranged between the first substrate 34 and the second substrate 35, and the first substrate 34, the second substrate 35 and the frame sealing glue 36 form an accommodating space; the second metal electrode 31 is positioned on the side of the first substrate 34 facing the second substrate 35, and the third metal electrode 32 is positioned on the side of the second substrate 35 facing the first substrate 34; the dielectric function layer 33 is positioned in the frame sealing glue, namely in the formed accommodating space; the dielectric functional layer 33 includes a liquid crystal layer; the third metal electrode 32 includes a first hollow structure 321 and a second hollow structure 322, a vertical projection of the first hollow structure 321 on the plane of the auxiliary substrate 20 is located in a vertical projection of the transmission electrode 311 on the plane of the auxiliary substrate 20, and a vertical projection of the second hollow structure 322 on the plane of the auxiliary substrate 20 is located in a vertical projection of the radiator 41 on the plane of the auxiliary substrate 20, and is also located in a vertical projection of the transmission electrode 311 on the plane of the auxiliary substrate 20.
Illustratively, a high frequency signal is coupled to the transmission electrode 311 at the first hollow structure 321, so that the high frequency signal is transmitted in the liquid crystal layer along the transmission electrode 311, the transmission electrode 311 and the third metal electrode 32 generate an electric field to drive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to deflect, the phase of the high frequency signal is changed by the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules, thus, the phase of the high frequency signal is changed, and finally, an electric signal is coupled to the radiator 41 at the second hollow structure 322, and the radiator 41 radiates the signal outwards.
It should be noted that the auxiliary substrate 20 and the second substrate 35 may be respectively provided with a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark (not shown in the drawings), and when different phase shifters 30 are attached to the auxiliary substrate 20, the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark may be used for alignment, which is convenient for attachment and improves alignment accuracy.
In the embodiment, when the antenna is a liquid crystal antenna, the radiator 41 of the liquid crystal antenna is arranged on the same auxiliary substrate 20 at one time, the phase shifters 30 are prepared separately, and finally the phase shifters 30 are arranged on the auxiliary substrate 20 in a laminating manner to prepare a large-scale liquid crystal antenna array; the assembly difficulty is simplified, and the production efficiency of the liquid crystal antenna is improved; and the gap between the phase shifter 30 and the phase shifter 30 is small, which is advantageous for the miniaturization design of the liquid crystal antenna, and when being applied to equipment, is advantageous for the miniaturization of the equipment.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes an adhesive layer 50 located between the auxiliary substrate 20 and the phase shifter 30. The auxiliary substrate 20 and the phase shifter 30 are fixed together by an adhesive layer 50. The adhesive layer 50 may include, for example, an OC optical adhesive.
Alternatively, with continued reference to fig. 4, an adhesive layer 50 is disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20. That is, the adhesive layer 50 corresponding to each phase shifter 30 can be formed on the auxiliary substrate 20 at one time, and it is not necessary to provide an adhesive layer 50 on each phase shifter when manufacturing the phase shifters 30, so that the process steps are simplified and the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna is improved.
When the antenna includes the adhesive layer 50, the structure of the antenna is not limited to the structure shown in fig. 4, and the dielectric functional layer is not limited to the liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the antenna further includes a plurality of supporting structures 60 located between the second substrate 35 and the auxiliary substrate 20; wherein the plurality of support structures 60 and the plurality of phase shifters 30 are disposed correspondingly; each support structure 60 comprises a plurality of support units 61.
Considering that the second substrate 35 may have unevenness, when the second substrate 35 is uneven, a loss of the transmitted high frequency signal may occur. Based on this, in this embodiment, by providing the supporting structure 60 between the second substrate 35 and the auxiliary substrate 20, the gap between the second substrate 35 and the auxiliary substrate 20 is kept uniform, the problem of loss of the transmitted high-frequency signal due to unevenness of the second substrate 35 is avoided, and the performance of the antenna is improved.
It should be noted that, the specific position of the supporting unit 61 in the supporting structure 60 can be set by a person skilled in the art according to actual situations, and the embodiment is not limited in particular.
Alternatively, with continued reference to fig. 5, the support structure 60 is disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20. That is, the supporting structure 60 corresponding to each phase shifter 30 can be formed on the auxiliary substrate 20 at one time, and it is not necessary to provide the supporting structure 60 on each phase shifter when the phase shifters 30 are manufactured, so that the process steps are simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna is improved.
As described above, according to the above example, when the dielectric functional layer includes the liquid crystal layer, by disposing the plurality of phase shifters on the same auxiliary substrate, the relative position accuracy of each structure in the liquid crystal antenna is improved, the production efficiency of the liquid crystal antenna is improved, and the miniaturization design of the liquid crystal antenna is facilitated; the auxiliary substrate is also provided with an adhesive layer, and the process steps are simplified while the phase shifter and the auxiliary substrate are fixed; and the supporting structure is arranged on the auxiliary substrate, so that the gap between the second substrate and the auxiliary substrate is kept uniform, the process steps are simplified, and the preparation efficiency of the liquid crystal antenna is improved.
On the basis of the above solutions, optionally, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the sub-antenna 10 further includes: a feed power distribution network 70 and a radio frequency signal connector 80; the rf signal connector 80 is electrically connected to the feeding power dividing network 70.
Specifically, the rf signal connector 80 feeds a high frequency signal into the feeding power dividing network 70. The power supply distribution network 70 transmits the high frequency signal to the transmission electrode 311.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 6, the first metal electrode 40 further includes a feed power dividing network 70.
Specifically, when the first metal electrode 40 includes the feeding power dividing network 70, the feeding power dividing network 70 is distributed in a tree shape and includes a plurality of branches, one branch partially overlaps one transmission electrode 311, and the feeding power dividing network 70 couples the high-frequency signal to the transmission electrode 311.
In this embodiment, the feeding power dividing network 70 and the radiator 41 are disposed on the same layer, and there is no need to separately set a metal layer to set the feeding power dividing network 70, and when the radiator 41 is manufactured, the radiator 41 is manufactured at the same time, that is, the radiator 41 and the feeding power dividing network 70 are manufactured on the auxiliary substrate 20 at the same time, so that the process steps are simplified, and the antenna is light and thin; as can be seen from the foregoing, for example, the first metal electrode 31 formed on the auxiliary substrate 20 may be patterned by a photolithography process to form the radiator 41 and also form the feed power dividing network 70, due to the inherent high precision of the photolithography process, the arrangement precision of the radiator 41 and the feed power dividing network 70 on the auxiliary substrate 20 is high, the relative position precision between the sub-antennas 10 is improved, and the problem that in the prior art, the splicing precision is limited, and the antenna gain is difficult to improve is further solved.
Optionally, fig. 7 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the feeding power dividing networks 70 corresponding to a plurality of sub-antennas 10 are connected to share one rf signal connector 80.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience of explaining the positional relationship between the radio frequency signal connector 80 and the feed power dividing network 70, fig. 7 simply shows the relative positional relationship between the radio frequency signal connector 80, the feed power dividing network 70, the radiator 41 and the phase shifter 30, and does not show the specific structure of the phase shifter 30.
In this embodiment, when the feeding power dividing networks 70 corresponding to the multiple sub-antennas 10 are also disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20, the feeding power dividing networks 70 corresponding to the multiple sub-antennas 10 are connected to each other and then share one rf signal connector 80; in other words, when the first metal electrode 40 is etched, the radiators 41 and the feeding power dividing networks 70 are formed, the radiators 41 corresponding to each sub-antenna 10 are independent from each other, the radiators 41 between the sub-antennas 10 and 10 are also independent from each other, and the feeding power dividing networks 70 corresponding to each sub-antenna 10 are connected to each other, so that only one position of the radio frequency signal connector 80 needs to be reserved on the auxiliary substrate 20, and the purpose of narrow frame is achieved.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 7, the plurality of sub-antennas 10 form an array structure of M rows and N columns; wherein M and N are positive integers, M is more than or equal to 1, and N is more than or equal to 2; or M and N are positive integers, M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 1. Fig. 7 illustrates an example of an array structure in which the plurality of sub antennas 10 form 2 rows and 2 columns, but in other alternative embodiments, the plurality of sub antennas 10 may form an array structure in 3 rows and 3 columns, 4 rows and 4 columns, and the like.
In this embodiment, since the feeding power dividing network 70 is disposed on the auxiliary substrate 20, and the feeding power dividing networks 70 corresponding to the multiple sub-antennas 10 are connected to share one rf signal connector 80, the positions of the rf signal connectors 80 of the sub-antennas 10 do not need to be considered, so that the positions of the sub-antennas 30 are relatively flexible.
Optionally, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the second metal electrode 31 further includes a feeding power dividing network 70. The antenna in fig. 8 is described by way of example as a liquid crystal antenna, but the present application is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the second metal electrode 31 further includes a feeding power dividing network 70, that is, the feeding power dividing network 70 and the transmission electrode 311 are disposed on the same layer, and it is not necessary to separately dispose a metal layer to dispose the feeding power dividing network 70, and when the transmission electrode 311 is manufactured, the feeding power dividing network 70 is simultaneously manufactured, so that the process steps are simplified, and the antenna is light and thin. When the feeding power dividing network 70 and the transmission electrode 311 are disposed on the same layer, the feeding power dividing network 70 is directly electrically connected to the transmission electrode 311, for example, so that the high-frequency signal can be directly transmitted to the transmission electrode 311 without coupling, thereby avoiding the problem of electrical signal loss caused by coupling.
It is understood that when the feeding power dividing network 70 is disposed on the same layer as the transmission electrode 311, the structure of the antenna may be set according to the type of the dielectric functional layer 33 to change the manner in which the high frequency signal is transmitted between the feeding power dividing network 70 and the transmission electrode 311. For example, when the dielectric functional layer 33 is a photo-induced dielectric change layer, the power supply distribution network 70 is directly connected to the transmission electrode 311, and the high-frequency signal on the power supply distribution network 70 is directly transmitted to the transmission electrode 311; when the dielectric functional layer 33 is a liquid crystal layer, the feeding power dividing network 70 is not connected to the transmission electrode 311, but has a certain gap, where the gap corresponds to the hollow in the dc-blocking device (not shown) in the second metal electrode 32, and the electrical signal on the feeding power dividing network 70 is coupled to the dc-blocking device through the hollow, and then coupled to the transmission electrode 311.
Optionally, fig. 9 is a schematic top view structure diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, a plurality of sub-antennas form an array structure with M rows and N columns; wherein M and N are positive integers, M is 2, and N is more than or equal to 2; or M and N are both positive integers, N is 2, and M is more than or equal to 2.
In consideration of the fact that each sub-antenna 10 may be provided with the rf signal connector 80, in order to facilitate the subsequent arrangement of the rf signal connector 80, the present embodiment arranges the plurality of sub-antennas in an array structure with 2 rows and N columns, or in an array structure with M rows and 2 columns, so that the sub-antennas 10 can be spliced, and the arrangement of the rf signal connector 80 can be facilitated.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 9, the sub-antenna 10 further includes: a feed power distribution network 70 and a radio frequency signal connector 80; the radio frequency signal connector 80 is electrically connected to the feed power distribution network 70, and the radio frequency signal connector 80 is configured to feed a high frequency signal into the feed power distribution network 70; the auxiliary substrate 20 includes a functional region Y1 and a binding region Y2; binding region Y2 at least partially surrounds functional region Y1; the rf signal connector 80 of the sub-antenna 10 is located at the bonding area Y2.
The advantage of this configuration is that the gap between the sub-antennas 10 and 10 is reduced, and the problem of increasing the gap between the sub-antennas 10 and 10 when the rf signal connector 80 is located in the functional region Y1 is avoided, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.
Optionally, fig. 10 is a schematic top view structure diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, the sub-antenna 10 further includes: a feed power distribution network 70 and a radio frequency signal connector 80; the radio frequency signal connector 80 is electrically connected to the feed power distribution network 70, and the radio frequency signal connector 80 is configured to feed a high frequency signal into the feed power distribution network 70; the auxiliary substrate 20 includes a functional region Y1 and a binding region Y2; the binding region Y2 includes a first binding region Y21 and a second binding region Y22 which are opposite; the function region Y1 is located between the first binding region Y21 and the second binding region Y22; the antenna comprises 2 rows and N columns of sub-antennas 10, the radio frequency signal connector of the sub-antenna 10 in the first row is located in a first bonding area Y21, and the first bonding area Y21 is a bonding area on one side of the sub-antenna 10 in the first row, which is far away from the sub-antenna 10 in the second row; the rf signal connector 80 of the sub-antenna 20 in the second row is located in the second bonding region Y22, the second bonding region Y22 is the bonding region at the side of the sub-antenna 10 in the second row away from the sub-antenna 10 in the first row, and fig. 10 illustrates that the antenna includes 2 rows and 3 columns of sub-antennas 10. Or, optionally, fig. 11 is a schematic top view structural diagram of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, the antenna includes M rows and 2 columns of sub-antennas 10, the rf signal connector 80 of the sub-antenna 10 in the first column is located in the first bonding region Y21, and the first bonding region Y21 is a bonding region on a side of the sub-antenna 10 in the first column away from the sub-antenna 10 in the second column; the rf signal connector 80 of the sub-antenna 10 in the second column is located in the second bonding region Y22, and the second bonding region Y22 is the bonding region at the side of the sub-antenna 10 in the second column away from the sub-antenna 10 in the first column.
In this embodiment, the rf signal connectors of the sub-antennas 10 in the first row are located in the first bonding area Y21, the rf signal connectors 80 of the sub-antennas 20 in the second row are located in the second bonding area Y22, and the first bonding area Y21 and the second bonding area Y22 are arranged relatively, so that only two bonding areas need to be reserved, and no bonding area needs to be arranged on each edge, which can effectively reduce the area of the bonding area Y2, and further realize the narrow frame of the antenna.
It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the gaps between two adjacent sub-antennas 10 may be the same, may also be different, and may also be gapless, and those skilled in the art may set the gaps according to the required radiation signal (main lobe in lobe). This is because the main lobe of the antenna when radiating signals presents a grating lobe. The presence and/or the size of the gap determine the size of the grating lobe, for example, the larger the gap, the larger the grating lobe is, and therefore the radiated signal appears in the non-antenna scanning direction, and the signal is prone to be lost, so those skilled in the art can determine the presence and/or the size of the gap between the adjacent sub-antennas 10 according to the required radiated signal.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing an antenna, where the method for manufacturing a display panel is used to manufacture the display panel shown in fig. 2 in the foregoing embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the display panel in the foregoing embodiment, and the same points can be understood by referring to the explanation of the display panel above, and are not described again below.
Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 12, the method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
s110, providing an auxiliary substrate and a plurality of phase shifters; wherein, the auxiliary substrate is provided with a first metal electrode; the first metal electrode includes a plurality of radiation modules; the plurality of radiation modules correspond to the plurality of phase shifters one by one; each radiation module comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric function layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric function layer; the second metal electrode includes a plurality of transmission electrodes for transmitting an electrical signal.
And S120, aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate to form the antenna.
According to the preparation method of the antenna, the radiator of the antenna is arranged on the same auxiliary substrate at one time, the phase shifters are prepared separately, and the phase shifters are arranged on the auxiliary substrate in a laminating mode to prepare the large-scale antenna array; because need not to reserve the region and be used for setting up the structure that bolts etc. are used for two adjacent antennas, and the laminating precision is higher for move the looks ware and move the gap between the looks ware less, be favorable to the miniaturized design of antenna, when being applied to in the equipment, be favorable to the miniaturization of equipment.
Optionally, before aligning and attaching the plurality of phase shifters to the auxiliary substrate, the method further includes:
providing an adhesive layer on the auxiliary substrate;
with a plurality of looks wares with the auxiliary substrate is counterpointed the laminating, include:
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters with the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer.
In the embodiment, the bonding layer corresponding to each phase shifter can be formed on the auxiliary substrate at one time, and the bonding layer is not required to be arranged on each phase shifter when the phase shifters are manufactured, so that the process steps are simplified, and the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna is improved.
On the basis of the foregoing solution, optionally, fig. 13 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 13, the method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
s210, providing an auxiliary substrate and a plurality of phase shifters; wherein, the auxiliary substrate is provided with a first metal electrode; the first metal electrode includes a plurality of radiation modules; the plurality of radiation modules correspond to the plurality of phase shifters one by one; each radiation module comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric function layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric function layer; the second metal electrode includes a plurality of transmission electrodes for transmitting an electrical signal.
And S220, arranging an adhesive layer on the auxiliary substrate.
And S230, splicing the phase shifters.
S240, an auxiliary substrate is disposed on the plurality of phase shifters after the phase shifters are spliced so that the adhesive layer faces the phase shifters.
It should be noted that step S220 and step S230 may be exchanged. The radiator can be arranged on the auxiliary substrate firstly, and then the bonding layer is arranged on the auxiliary substrate; the adhesive layer may be provided on the auxiliary substrate, and then the radiator may be provided on the auxiliary substrate. When the radiator is arranged later, the damage to the radiator when the bonding layer is arranged is avoided.
Compare in the counterpoint precision of moving looks ware and auxiliary substrate counterpoint laminating in-process need consider horizontal, vertical and high three orientation, in this embodiment, splice a plurality of phase shifters earlier, only need consider at this moment each move looks ware horizontal and vertical counterpoint precision, then set up auxiliary substrate on a plurality of phase shifters after the concatenation with the mode that the bond line moved the looks ware, auxiliary substrate only need consider the counterpoint precision of direction of height this moment, effectively reduce the concatenation degree of difficulty.
The adhesion layer may be provided on the auxiliary substrate, but this is not a limitation of the present application, and in another alternative embodiment, the adhesion layer may be provided on the phase shifter. Specifically, before the phase shifter and the auxiliary substrate are aligned and attached, the method further includes:
disposing an adhesive layer on each phase shifter;
with a plurality of looks wares and auxiliary substrate counterpoint laminating, include:
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer.
For example, an adhesive layer may be provided on each phase shifter after a plurality of phase shifters are manufactured.
On the basis of the foregoing solution, optionally, fig. 14 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 14, the method for manufacturing an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
s310, providing an auxiliary substrate and a plurality of phase shifters; wherein, the auxiliary substrate is provided with a first metal electrode; the first metal electrode includes a plurality of radiation modules; the plurality of radiation modules correspond to the plurality of phase shifters one by one; each radiation module comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric function layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric function layer; the second metal electrode includes a plurality of transmission electrodes for transmitting an electrical signal.
And S320, arranging an adhesive layer on each phase shifter.
And S330, splicing the phase shifters.
And S340, arranging auxiliary substrates on the spliced phase shifters.
It should be noted that step S320 and step S330 may be exchanged. Namely, an adhesive layer can be arranged on each phase shifter, and after the arrangement is finished, the phase shifters are spliced; or a plurality of phase shifters may be spliced, and then an adhesive layer may be disposed on the spliced phase shifters.
Compare in moving looks ware and auxiliary substrate to counterpoint laminating in-process need consider horizontal, vertical and the high three precision of counterpointing in side, in this embodiment, splice a plurality of looks wares earlier, only need consider at this moment each move looks ware horizontal and vertical counterpoint precision, then set up the auxiliary substrate on a plurality of looks wares after the concatenation, the auxiliary substrate only need consider the precision of counterpointing of direction of height this moment, effectively reduces the concatenation degree of difficulty.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. An antenna, comprising:
a plurality of sub-antennas including an auxiliary substrate, a phase shifter, and a first metal electrode on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiators;
each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric functional layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer; the second metal electrode comprises a plurality of transmission electrodes;
the auxiliary substrates of the sub-antennas are the same auxiliary substrate.
2. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer between the auxiliary substrate and the phase shifter.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the adhesive layer is disposed on the auxiliary substrate.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the phase shifters further comprises:
the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; the first substrate is positioned on one side of the second substrate, which is far away from the auxiliary substrate;
the frame sealing glue is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the second metal electrode is positioned on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the third metal electrode is positioned on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate; the dielectric functional layer is positioned in the frame sealing glue; the dielectric functional layer includes a liquid crystal layer;
the third metal electrode comprises a first hollow structure and a second hollow structure, the vertical projection of the plane of the auxiliary substrate is located in the vertical projection of the plane of the transmission electrode in the plane of the auxiliary substrate, and the vertical projection of the plane of the auxiliary substrate is located in the vertical projection of the radiator in the plane of the auxiliary substrate in the second hollow structure.
5. The antenna of claim 4, further comprising a plurality of support structures located between the second substrate and the auxiliary substrate;
wherein a plurality of the support structures and a plurality of the phase shifters are correspondingly arranged; each of the support structures includes a plurality of support units.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the support structure is disposed on the auxiliary substrate.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the sub-antenna further comprises:
a feed power division network and a radio frequency signal joint; the radio frequency signal joint is electrically connected with the feed power distribution network.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the first metal electrode further comprises the feed power splitting network.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the feeding power dividing network connections corresponding to a plurality of sub-antennas share one rf signal connector.
10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein a plurality of the sub-antennas form an array structure of M rows and N columns;
wherein M and N are positive integers, M is more than or equal to 1, and N is more than or equal to 2; or,
m and N are positive integers, M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 1.
11. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the second metal electrode further comprises the feed power splitting network.
12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the sub-antennas form an array structure of M rows and N columns;
wherein M and N are positive integers, M is 2, and N is more than or equal to 2; or,
m and N are positive integers, N is 2, and M is more than or equal to 2.
13. The antenna of claim 12, wherein the sub-antenna further comprises:
a feed power division network and a radio frequency signal joint; the radio frequency signal joint is electrically connected with the feed power distribution network;
the auxiliary substrate comprises a functional region and a binding region; the binding region at least partially surrounds the functional region;
and the radio frequency signal connector of the sub-antenna is positioned in the binding region.
14. The antenna of claim 12, wherein the sub-antenna further comprises:
a feed power division network and a radio frequency signal joint; the radio frequency signal connector is electrically connected with the feed power distribution network and is used for feeding an electric signal into the feed power distribution network;
the auxiliary substrate comprises a functional region and a binding region; the binding region comprises a first binding region and a second binding region which are opposite; the functional region is located between the first binding region and the second binding region;
the antenna comprises 2 rows and N columns of sub-antennas, the radio frequency signal joint of the sub-antenna positioned in the first row is positioned in the first binding region, and the first binding region is the binding region at one side of the sub-antenna in the first row, which is far away from the sub-antenna in the second row; the radio frequency signal connectors of the sub-antennas in the second row are located in the second binding region, and the second binding region is the binding region at one side, away from the first row of sub-antennas, of the sub-antennas in the second row; or,
the antenna comprises M rows and 2 columns of sub-antennas, the radio frequency signal joint of the sub-antenna positioned in the first column is positioned in the first binding region, and the first binding region is the binding region at one side of the sub-antenna positioned in the first column, which is far away from the sub-antenna positioned in the second column; the radio frequency signal connectors of the sub-antennas in the second row are located in the second binding region, and the second binding region is a binding region at one side of the sub-antennas in the second row, which is far away from the sub-antennas in the first row.
15. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first metal electrode is located on a side of the auxiliary substrate facing away from the phase shifter; or,
the first metal electrode is positioned on one side of the auxiliary substrate close to the phase shifter.
16. A method for manufacturing an antenna, comprising:
providing an auxiliary substrate and a plurality of phase shifters; wherein, a first metal electrode is arranged on the auxiliary substrate; the first metal electrode comprises a plurality of radiation modules; the plurality of radiation modules correspond to the plurality of phase shifters one by one; each radiation module comprises a plurality of radiators; each phase shifter comprises a second metal electrode, a third metal electrode and a dielectric functional layer, wherein the second metal electrode and the third metal electrode are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the dielectric functional layer; the second metal electrode comprises a plurality of transmission electrodes;
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate to form the antenna.
17. The method of manufacturing an antenna according to claim 16, wherein before the step of aligning and bonding the plurality of phase shifters to the auxiliary substrate, the method further comprises:
providing an adhesive layer on the auxiliary substrate;
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate, including:
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer.
18. The method of manufacturing an antenna according to claim 17, wherein before the step of aligning and bonding the plurality of phase shifters to the auxiliary substrate via the adhesive layer, the method further comprises:
splicing a plurality of phase shifters;
the phase shifters are attached to the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer in an aligned manner, and the method includes:
the auxiliary substrate is disposed on the plurality of phase shifters after the splicing in such a manner that the adhesive layer faces the phase shifters.
19. The method of manufacturing an antenna according to claim 16, wherein before the step of aligning and bonding the plurality of phase shifters to the auxiliary substrate, the method further comprises:
disposing an adhesive layer on each of the phase shifters;
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate, including:
and aligning and attaching the phase shifters and the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer.
20. The method of manufacturing an antenna according to claim 19, wherein before the step of aligning and bonding the plurality of phase shifters to the auxiliary substrate via the adhesive layer, the method further comprises:
splicing a plurality of phase shifters;
the phase shifters are attached to the auxiliary substrate through the bonding layer in an aligned manner, and the method includes:
and arranging the auxiliary substrates on the spliced phase shifters.
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| US12062852B2 (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2024-08-13 | Chengdu Tianma Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. | Antenna and fabrication method |
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