CN111585034A - Design method of impedance matching type metamaterial - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic functional materials. The invention provides a design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial, which can be used for designing structural parameters of the metamaterial based on an impedance matching principle according to specific wave-absorbing frequency band requirements. The invention has the characteristics of simple design method and good broadband absorption effect, has high practical application feasibility, and has wide application in the fields of microwave broadband stealth skin, wave-absorbing devices and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic functional materials, in particular to a design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial.
Background
The wave-absorbing material technology has gradually become an important technical approach for improving the radar stealth performance of modern weaponry, and is the key for the survival and the defense outburst of weapons such as aircrafts and the like. The precondition for realizing high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption of the wave-absorbing material is that the surface impedance of the material must be matched with the wave impedance of free space, so that the electromagnetic waves enter the material as much as possible, and then the loss property of the material is utilized to convert the electromagnetic waves into heat energy and the like for dissipation. For the traditional radar wave absorbing material, the main way for realizing broadband impedance matching and broadband absorption is to adopt the scheme of Jaumman absorber, multi-layer impedance matching, sandwich structure wave absorbing material and the like, to make the electromagnetic wave enter the material through the gradual change of impedance, and to reduce the electromagnetic reflection. However, broadband matching requires each layer to have an accurate dielectric constant value, which has a high requirement for the preparation of materials, and the conventional carbon materials and other absorbents have poor dielectric constant dispersion characteristics, and the absorption performance needs to be improved by increasing the structure thickness or the content of the absorbent, so that the broadband wave-absorbing effect under a small thickness is often difficult to realize.
Along with the continuous improvement of the performance of the absorbent and the design and preparation level of materials, the improvement space of the performance of the wave-absorbing material in the traditional structural form is reduced and increased and tends to be limited. The metamaterial technology is a new technology expected to break through the bottleneck, and the metamaterial can realize the regulation and control of the sub-wavelength structural unit on the large-wavelength electromagnetic wave through the design and the periodic arrangement of the structural unit. On one hand, the impedance matching of different electromagnetic wave frequency bands can be realized through the adjustment of the parameters of the structural units and the properties of the material such as the resistivity and the like. On the other hand, although the electromagnetic resonance metamaterial is generally single-frequency or multi-frequency absorption, the loss characteristic of the material can be used for the wave-absorbing material, and broadband absorption is realized through the design of the capacitive resistance type metamaterial. Meanwhile, the metamaterial has the characteristics of thin thickness, strong designability and the like, and can effectively overcome the limitations of the traditional wave-absorbing material and wave-absorbing structure in the aspects of thickness and dispersion characteristics. However, the design of the existing broadband wave-absorbing metamaterial is still relatively dependent on design experience, parameter scanning and other methods, and the requirement of design according to requirements is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the research utilizes the simple metamaterial structure to provide a design method of the broadband impedance matching wave-absorbing metamaterial which can be designed according to requirements, and the design method has great practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the design flexibility of the existing broadband wave-absorbing metamaterial structure is not enough according to needs. In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:
the invention provides a design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f) of the metamaterial1,f2) And dielectric constant of the initial dielectric layer materialsCalculating the thickness t of the dielectric layer material, using the symmetry of the metamaterial electromagnetic response, taking the resonance frequency of the dielectric layer material as the central frequency position of the metamaterial absorption frequency band, and calculating by adopting the following formula in combination with the propagation speed c of electromagnetic waves to obtain the thickness t of the dielectric layer material;
s2, judging whether the thickness t of the dielectric layer material is within a reasonable range;
s3, in order to enable broadband electromagnetic waves to effectively enter the material and be efficiently absorbed, matching between the surface of the metamaterial and the impedance of air must be achieved within a broadband range, and according to impedance matching conditions, a relation (R-f) of change of an equivalent lumped resistance R of a square ring periodic structure on the surface of the wave-absorbing metamaterial along with frequency f and a relation (LC-f) of change of an equivalent inductance L and an equivalent capacitance C of the square ring periodic structure along with frequency f are calculated;
s4, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) At a cut-off frequency f1Or f2Equivalent lumped resistance R of surface periodic structure0Equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0A value of (d);
s5, Total resistance R obtained from S40Equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0The surface impedance Z of the wave-absorbing metamaterial is calculatedin0And in frequency band (f)1,f2) Internal rate of absorption of electromagnetic waves α0，
S6, judging the absorptivity α0In the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) If the contents are all more than or equal to 90 percent, if not, keeping L0、C0Is adjusted on the basis of constant value of0Repeating the step S5 to make the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) The condition is satisfied;
s7, according to the equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0Calculating and determining the relation and specific numerical value of the square ring unit line width s, the period p and the outer edge length d, and further according to the surface layer square ring period structure actual equivalent lumped resistance R0And calculating square resistance R of the square ringsThe value is obtained.
Furthermore, the impedance metamaterial comprises a bottom metal copper plate (1), a middle medium substrate (2) and a surface layer square ring film layer (3), wherein the square ring film layer (3) is formed by resistance type square ring units in a periodic configuration.
Furthermore, the square ring unit of the invention adopts carbon black slurry or metal alloy and the sheet resistance of the material is adjustable.
Furthermore, after the metamaterial is designed by the parameters of S1-S7, the absorptivity of the metamaterial in a 4-12 GHz band is higher than 90%.
Furthermore, after the metamaterial is designed according to the parameters of S1-S7, the absorptivity of the metamaterial in the 8-18 GHz band is higher than 90%.
The effective benefits of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the design method of the impedance matching type metamaterial, the resistive type wide-frequency wave-absorbing metamaterial which is periodically distributed by the structural units with different sheet resistances is designed by the method, the broadband impedance matching of different frequency bands can be adjusted, the high-efficiency absorption of different broadband frequency bands such as 4-12 GHz and 8-18 GHz can be realized, and the design method has obvious advantages compared with the traditional narrow-band absorption of the resonant type wave-absorbing metamaterial.
2. According to the design method of the impedance matching type metamaterial, the design can be carried out according to the requirements of the wave-absorbing frequency band by adopting the method, aiming at the same target wave-absorbing frequency band, the preset wave-absorbing target can be realized by combining various parameters according to the actual dielectric constant of the medium base material and the actual processing capacity of the square ring line width, and the design flexibility is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional design method of the metamaterial.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing a resistance-matching-based wave-absorbing metamaterial according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistive wave-absorbing metamaterial according to the present invention;
wherein: 1-a bottom copper plate, 2-an intermediate medium substrate and 3-a surface layer square ring film layer;
FIG. 3 shows the surface layer periodic structure and some parameters of the resistive wave-absorbing metamaterial according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a curve of the equivalent lumped resistance (R) of the square ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial in the embodiment 1 along with the change of the frequency (f);
FIG. 5 is a curve showing the change of equivalent inductance (L) and equivalent capacitance (C) with frequency (f) of the square-ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a variation curve of the electromagnetic wave absorption rate within 8-18 GHz of the metamaterial designed in example 1 when the initial square ring line width(s) is 0.3 mm;
FIG. 7 is a normalized impedance variation curve of the impedance of the designed metamaterial as a whole compared with the impedance of air in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a variation curve of the electromagnetic wave absorption rate within 8-18 GHz of the metamaterial designed in example 1 when the initial square ring line width(s) is 0.5 mm;
FIG. 9 is a curve showing the variation of equivalent inductance (L) and equivalent capacitance (C) with frequency (f) of the square-ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial in example 2;
FIG. 10 is a curve showing the variation of equivalent inductance (L) and equivalent capacitance (C) with frequency (f) of the square-ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial in example 2;
FIG. 11 is a variation curve of the electromagnetic wave absorption rate of the metamaterial with 4-12 GHz designed under different lumped resistances in example 2;
FIG. 12 is a variation curve of the electromagnetic wave absorption rate within 8-18 GHz for the metamaterial designed according to example 2, wherein the lumped resistance is 240 ohm;
fig. 13 is a normalized impedance variation curve of the impedance of the designed metamaterial as a whole compared with the impedance of air in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial, which is used for designing the surface impedance of the metamaterial based on an impedance matching principle and a frequency symmetry mode and realizing broadband impedance matching and efficient electromagnetic absorption of the metamaterial in a target wave-absorbing frequency band, thereby providing design guidance for the broadband impedance matching type wave-absorbing metamaterial.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial, and a flow chart of the design method is shown in figure 1. The design method adopts the design idea of combining broadband impedance matching and frequency symmetry, and adjusts the surface impedance of the metamaterial through the unit parameters of the surface layer periodic structure and the variance of the sheet resistance on the basis of the dielectric constant and the thickness of the dielectric material, so that broadband incident electromagnetic waves can effectively enter the material and are efficiently absorbed by the metamaterial.
The structure of the metamaterial adopted by the invention is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the impedance matching type metamaterial comprises a bottom layer copper plate 1, a middle medium substrate 2 and a surface layer square ring film layer 3, the square ring film layer 3 adopts a resistance type square ring unit with a periodic configuration, the material adopts carbon black slurry or metal alloy, the sheet resistance of the material is adjustable, and the period, the length, the line width and the sheet resistance of the square ring unit are designed by the design method. The design method of the present invention is not limited to the metamaterial with such a structure, and other prior art metamaterial structures are also applicable to the design method of the present invention.
The design method of the invention is realized by the following steps:
s1, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f) of the metamaterial1,f2) And dielectric constant of the initial dielectric layer materialsCalculating the thickness t of the dielectric layer material, considering the influence of the electrical thickness of the dielectric layer material, adopting a frequency symmetry design method, wherein the constraint condition is that the resonance frequency of the dielectric layer material is used as the central frequency of the absorption frequency band of the metamaterial, further calculating the thickness t by adopting the following formula in combination with the propagation speed c of the electromagnetic wave, and specifically calculating by adopting the formulas (1) and (2). Because the electrical thickness and the resonant frequency position of the dielectric layer material are known, the resonant frequency of the dielectric layer material is used as the central frequency of the metamaterial absorption frequency band during design, the metamaterial electromagnetic corresponding symmetry can be utilized for design, the design process is simplified, and the absorption effect is improved.
S2, judging whether the thickness t of the dielectric layer material is in a reasonable range or not, and adjusting the dielectric constantsThe thickness t is optimized, and the judgment is specifically carried out by adopting a formula (3). The left part of the formula represents the minimum value of the thickness of the metamaterial and embodiesThe causal relationship between the metamaterial thickness and the electromagnetic absorption rate of the metamaterial; the right part of the formula shows that the maximum thickness of the metamaterial does not exceed the quarter wavelength of the central frequency, the quarter wavelength thickness is the thickness commonly adopted by the conventional wave-absorbing material, and the limitation can reflect the advantage of lightness and thinness of the metamaterial.
S3, calculating a relation (R-f) of the equivalent lumped resistance (R) of the square ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial along with the change of frequency (f) according to impedance matching conditions, and a relation (LC-f) of the equivalent inductance (L) and the equivalent capacitance (C) of the square ring periodic structure along with the change of frequency (f), specifically, for the square ring single-layer resistance metamaterial, the impedance Z of the material of the dielectric layersAnd impedance Z of square ring periodic structuremAs shown in equations (4) and (5), respectively:
the total surface input impedance value is then:
for free space, impedance Z0377 Ω and 0 imaginary part, so for the absorbing material the impedance matching condition is
It is possible to obtain:
thereby obtaining the R-f and LC-f change relation formula when the impedance is matched, wherein the R-f change curve is according to the frequency
Is periodically changed and
the center is in axisymmetric distribution.
S4, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) At a cut-off frequency f1Or f2Equivalent lumped resistance (R) of periodic structure of surface layer0) Equivalent inductance (L)0) Equivalent capacitance (C)0) The value of (c).
The above values can be calculated by a person skilled in the art according to the expert knowledge, and the invention provides a method for calculating.
According to the symmetry of the R-f curve, R0Value at cut-off frequency f1Or f2The values at (a) are equal.
According to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) According to the formula (11), calculating the actual equivalent inductance L of the surface layer square ring periodic structure0And equivalent capacitance C0The value of (c).
According to the (LC-f) variation relationship, respectively at the cut-off frequency f1Or f2Calculating to obtain two LC variation curves, and determining C from the intersection point of the two curves0、L0The numerical value of (c).
S5, according to the surface layer square ring periodic structure actual equivalent lumped resistance R0Equivalent inductance L0And a capacitor C0According to the formulas (12) and (13), calculating the surface impedance (Z) of the wave-absorbing metamaterialin0) And in frequency band (f)1,f2) Internal rate of absorption of electromagnetic waves α0，
S6, judging the absorptivity α0In the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) If the contents are all more than or equal to 90 percent, if not, keeping L0、C0Is adjusted on the basis of constant value of0Repeat step S5 and recalculate the absorbance α0Until the electromagnetic absorption rate meets the condition that the electromagnetic absorption rate is more than or equal to 90 percent.
S7, calculating the actual equivalent inductance L of the surface square ring periodic structure0And an equivalent capacitance C0Calculating the value of the initial square ring line width s, specifically calculating the value of the period p and the value of the outer edge length d of the square ring periodic structure by the following formula;
According to the surface layer square ring periodic structure actual equivalent lumped resistance (R)0) And structural parameters of the square ring, and calculating the sheet resistance (R) of the square ring according to the formula (20)s) The value is obtained.
The whole design process of the invention is summarized. In the prior art, the wave-absorbing characteristics of the metamaterial are usually optimized through a large amount of calculation and simulation of structural parameters, and the related design parameters are of various types, so that the calculation amount is large, and the design flexibility is poor. The design method provided by the invention can be directly designed according to the target wave-absorbing frequency band, the numerical value of each parameter can be accurately determined, and the design is more flexible and efficient.
According to the design method of the impedance matching type metamaterial, the absorption rate of the metamaterial in a 4-12 GHz wave band is higher than 90% after parameter optimization; after parameter optimization, the absorptivity of the metamaterial in a wave band of 8-18 GHz is higher than 90%.
According to the design method of the impedance matching type metamaterial, the bottom layer material is copper, and the material is easy to obtain; the dielectric layer material and the surface periodic film layer material can be flexibly selected according to the actual dielectric constant and the material sheet resistance respectively, so the implementation feasibility is high. Three examples of specific implementations of the invention are given below.
Example 1
By taking the design of an impedance matching type broadband wave-absorbing metamaterial with an absorption frequency band of 8-18 GHz as an example, the design is carried out by referring to the design flow of fig. 1 and the metamaterial structures of fig. 2 and 3. The thickness of the bottom copper plate is 0.1mm, the initial dielectric constant of the intermediate dielectric layer material is 1.33, the loss tangent is 0.01, according to the design steps of the invention,
s1, according to the requirement of the metamaterial wave-absorbing frequency band of 8-18 GHz and the dielectric constant of the material of the initial dielectric layersThe center frequency was 13GHz, and the thickness t was calculated to be 5 mm.
And S2, judging that the thickness t of the dielectric layer material is within a reasonable range of 2.06< t < 5.77.
S3, calculating a relation (R-f) of the equivalent lumped resistance (R) of the square ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial along with the change of the frequency (f) according to the impedance matching condition, and a relation (LC-f) of the equivalent inductance (L) and the equivalent capacitance (C) of the square ring periodic structure along with the change of the frequency (f). For example, fig. 4 and 5 are the variation curves of R-f and LC-f (at frequency points of 8GHz and 18 GHz), respectively. Therefore, the R-f and LC-f change relation formula when the impedance is matched can be obtained, wherein the period of the R-f change curve is 26GHz, and the R-f change curve is axially symmetrically distributed at the center of 13 GHz.
S4, calculating the actual equivalent lumped resistance R of the surface square ring periodic structure0139.87 ohms, calculated from the intersection of the LC-f curves at the 8GHz and 18GHz frequency points, C0＝0.61×10-13Faraday, L0＝2.93×10-9Is prepared from the Chinese-medicinal materials including henry's gizzard-skin.
S5, calculating the total impedance value (Z) of the wave-absorbing metamaterialin0) And an electromagnetic wave absorption rate (α) within 8 to 18GHz0)。
S6, the designed metamaterial has the electromagnetic wave absorption rate within 8-18 GHz as shown in figure 6, the absorption rates are all more than or equal to 0.9, the simulation is carried out by adopting the same equivalent lumped resistance, the obtained electromagnetic absorption rate curve is closer to the result of the method, and therefore the effectiveness of the method is verified. The difference between the two is probably because the absorption rate of the electromagnetic wave is higher than the simulation result in order to consider the influence of the dielectric loss on the wave transmittance by only considering the dielectric constant when the dielectric property of the dielectric material is processed. The process of the present invention is still highly accurate since the loss of dielectric material is generally small. In addition, fig. 7 is a comparison of the overall impedance of the metamaterial designed by the method and the impedance of air, and it can be seen that the metamaterial and the air have good impedance matching characteristics in the whole target frequency band.
S7, using the value of the initial square ring line width (S) as 0.3mm, from the actual equivalent inductance (L)0) Equivalent capacitance (C)0) And the value of the initial square ring line width(s) can be calculated to obtain the value of the period (p) of 8.6mm and the value of the outer side length (d) of 6.5mm, and the actual equivalent lumped resistance (R) is obtained according to the surface square ring period structure0) And the structural parameters of the square ring, and calculating the sheet resistance (R) of the square rings) The value was 21.47 ohms/square.
To verify the flexibility of the design of the method of the present invention, in step S7, the initial square loop width S is adopted with a value of 0.5mm, which is determined by the actual equivalent inductance (L)0) Equivalent capacitance (C)0) And the value of the initial square ring line width(s), the value of the period (p) can be calculated to be 10.1mm, and the value of the outer side length (d) to be 7.5 mm. The electromagnetic wave absorption rate of the designed metamaterial within 8-18 GHz is shown in FIG. 8, the absorption rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and the obtained electromagnetic absorption rate curve is closer to the result of the invention.
Example 2
Taking the design of an impedance matching type broadband wave-absorbing metamaterial with an absorption frequency band of 4-12 GHz as an example, the structure of the metamaterial is shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the metamaterial comprises a bottom copper plate, a middle medium substrate and a surface layer with a variable sheet resistance film layer with a periodic configuration, wherein the thicknesses of the bottom copper layer and the surface layer square ring are both 0.1 mm. The initial dielectric constant of the interlayer dielectric layer material was 1.69, the loss tangent was 0.001, and according to the design procedure of the present invention,
s1, according to the requirement of the metamaterial wave-absorbing frequency band of 4-12 GHz and the dielectric constant of the material of the initial dielectric layersThe center frequency was 8GHz, and the thickness t was calculated to be 7.2 mm.
And S2, judging that the thickness t of the dielectric layer material is within a reasonable range of 5.15< t < 9.38.
S3, calculating a relation (R-f) of the equivalent lumped resistance (R) of the square ring periodic structure on the surface layer of the wave-absorbing metamaterial along with the change of the frequency (f) according to the impedance matching condition, and a relation (LC-f) of the equivalent inductance (L) and the equivalent capacitance (C) of the square ring periodic structure along with the change of the frequency (f). For example, fig. 9 and 10 are the variation curves of R-f and LC-f (at the frequency points of 4GHz and 12 GHz), respectively. Therefore, the R-f and LC-f change relation formula when the impedance is matched can be obtained, wherein the period of the R-f change curve is 16GHz, and the R-f change curve is axially symmetrically distributed at the center of 8 GHz.
S4, calculating the actual equivalent lumped resistance R of the surface square ring periodic structure0139.87 ohms, calculated from the intersection of the LC-f curves at the 4GHz and 12GHz frequency points, C0＝1.46×10-13Faraday, L0＝3.63×10-9Is prepared from the Chinese-medicinal materials including henry's gizzard-skin.
S5, calculating the total impedance value (Z) of the wave-absorbing metamaterialin0) And an electromagnetic absorption rate (α) within 4-12 GHz0)。
S6, as shown in FIG. 11, the electromagnetic absorption rate curve of the metamaterial under different equivalent lumped resistances shows that when the equivalent lumped resistance of the metamaterial is R0That is, 139.87 ohms, the electromagnetic absorption rate cannot reach more than 0.9 in 4 to 12GHz, and increasing the value of the lumped resistance is beneficial to improving the absorption rate.
By adjusting R0To 240 ohms, and an electromagnetic absorption rate (α) within 4 to 12GHz0) The values are all equal to or larger than 0.9, as shown in fig. 12, a comparison curve graph of the design result and the simulation structure under the lumped resistance value is shown, and the results of the design result and the simulation structure are very close to each other, so that the effectiveness of the invention is verified. Since the loss tangent of the dielectric material is only 0.001, the loss of the dielectric material to the electromagnetic wave is negligible, and therefore, the electromagnetic absorption curve of this example is closer to the simulation result than that of example 1. As shown in fig. 13, which is a comparison of the overall impedance of the metamaterial and the impedance of the air at the lumped resistance value, it can be seen that the metamaterial and the air have good impedance matching characteristics in the whole target frequency band.
S7, using the value of the initial square ring line width (S) as 0.3mm, from the actual equivalent inductance (L)0) Equivalent capacitance (C)0) And the value of the initial square ring line width(s), the value of the period (p) can be calculated to be 8.5mm, and the value of the outer side length (d) is 8.2 mm. According to the surface layer square ring periodic structure actual equivalent lumped resistance (R)0) And the structural parameters of the square ring, and calculating the sheet resistance (R) of the square rings) The value was 26.34 ohmsMu/square.
Claims (5)
1. A design method of an impedance matching type metamaterial is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f) of the metamaterial1,f2) And dielectric constant of the initial dielectric layer materialsCalculating the thickness t of the dielectric layer material, using the symmetry of the metamaterial electromagnetic response, taking the resonance frequency of the dielectric layer material as the central frequency position of the metamaterial absorption frequency band, and calculating by adopting the following formula in combination with the propagation speed c of electromagnetic waves to obtain the thickness t of the dielectric layer material;
s2, judging whether the thickness t of the dielectric layer material is within a reasonable range;
s3, in order to enable broadband electromagnetic waves to effectively enter the material and be efficiently absorbed, matching between the surface of the metamaterial and the impedance of air must be achieved within a broadband range, and according to impedance matching conditions, a relation (R-f) of change of an equivalent lumped resistance R of a square ring periodic structure on the surface of the wave-absorbing metamaterial along with frequency f and a relation (LC-f) of change of an equivalent inductance L and an equivalent capacitance C of the square ring periodic structure along with frequency f are calculated;
s4, according to the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) At a cut-off frequency f1Or f2Equivalent lumped resistance R of surface periodic structure0Equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0A value of (d);
s5, Total resistance R obtained from S40Equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0The surface impedance Z of the wave-absorbing metamaterial is calculatedin0And in frequency band (f)1,f2) Internal rate of absorption of electromagnetic waves α0
S6, judging the absorptivity α0In the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) If not, repeating step S5 and keeping L0、C0Adjusting R on a value-invariant basis0Of the wave-absorbing frequency band (f)1,f2) The condition is satisfied;
s7, according to the equivalent inductance L0And an equivalent capacitance C0Calculating and determining the relation and specific numerical value of the square ring unit line width s, the period p and the outer edge length d, and further according to the surface layer square ring period structure actual equivalent lumped resistance R0And calculating square resistance R of the square ringsThe value is obtained.
2. The design method of the impedance matching type metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial comprises a bottom layer metal copper plate (1), an intermediate medium substrate (2) and a surface layer square ring film layer (3), and the square ring film layer (3) is formed by adopting a resistance type square ring unit with a periodic configuration.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the square ring unit is made of carbon black slurry or metal alloy, and the sheet resistance of the material is adjustable.
4. The method for designing the impedance matching type metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial has an absorption rate higher than 90% in a 4-12 GHz band after being designed according to parameters of S1-S7.
5. The method for designing the impedance matching type metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial has an absorption rate higher than 90% in a 8-18 GHz band after being designed according to parameters of S1-S7.
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