CN111580840A - Method for realizing ECU (electronic control Unit) updating based on distributed memory management - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management, which comprises the steps of setting a TCU (trusted control unit) as a main storage unit, setting each ECU as an auxiliary storage unit, and dividing a nonvolatile memory in the main storage unit and a nonvolatile memory in the auxiliary storage unit into a plurality of storage modules; acquiring an available storage module and generating a relevant record; the main storage unit downloads the upgrading software through a server and selects a plurality of available storage modules to jointly complete the storage of the upgrading software; when the designated ECU needs to be updated, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the reading result is transmitted to the designated ECU; and the designated ECU acquires the reading result, and buffers and refreshes the reading result to finish upgrading. The method utilizes the nonvolatile memory in the vehicle-mounted ECU to store the downloaded upgrade software, reduces the requirement on TCU storage resources, reduces the production cost and improves the ECU updating speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a remote OTA (over the air) upgrading technology for each ECU (electronic control unit) software of a passenger vehicle, in particular to a method for realizing ECU (electronic control unit) updating based on distributed memory management.
Background
Along with the increasing requirements of people on the dynamic property, the safety and the comfort of automobiles, Electronic Control Units (ECUs) are increased, and the individualization of the ECU functions is continuously upgraded and replaced. Software upgrades to the ECU are relatively frequent, even requiring repeated, throughout the vehicle life cycle. Software upgrading of the ECU can improve the customer satisfaction, improve the driving safety of the vehicle, and is necessary to improve the customer satisfaction. The traditional ECU software upgrading method mainly depends on a vehicle dealer to complete, the vehicle dealer can send out notice to a vehicle owner after a manufacturer issues software updating, the owner is required to return the vehicle to the dealer to facilitate the software updating, the traditional software upgrading method which depends on the dealer to complete often means low efficiency and high cost, and meanwhile, the vehicle enterprises can bear huge cost of brand value loss. This means that traditional dealer-dependent point-to-point upgrade methods have become increasingly unable to meet market needs.
In recent years, with the increasing number of ECUs in automobiles, each electronic control unit has not only been simply connected with a load device, but also has been more in information backup and communication with peripheral devices and other ECUs, and has issued control instructions through complex control decision operations. A large amount of data information is exchanged and shared among different ECUs, so that development conditions are provided for realizing remote OTA technology upgrade of the ECUs. Current OTA (Over-the-Air Technology) upgrade techniques enable ECUs to automatically download OTA upgrade packages, primarily Over a wireless communication network, and complete the automatic upgrade, such that the cost of the vendor for software installation is greatly reduced, or even eliminated altogether.
At present, OTA technology upgrades have gained increasing acceptance as a means of upgrading all ECU software in automobiles, and are becoming increasingly important in ECU software upgrades. In the current stage of OTA technology upgrade, a software upgrade package is downloaded from a server through a Telematics unit (TCU), the downloaded software upgrade package is generally stored in the TCU, and then the TCU sends the software upgrade package to an ECU that needs to be upgraded, so as to complete the upgrade process of the designated ECU. This storage and delivery mode of the software upgrade package requires that the TCU must be able to provide a large amount of non-volatile memory resources, which increases the production cost of the TCU to some extent, and is also not conducive to increasing the update speed of each ECU, resulting in a reduced user experience. Most importantly, for a particular ECU installed in a vehicle, manufacturers typically require the ECU supplier to reserve a certain amount of non-volatile memory in the ECU, which is common in the industry, and the reserved non-volatile memory is not used at a later stage, which causes a certain waste of resources. In view of this, the present technical solution provides a distributed memory management for the nonvolatile memories distributed in the ECUs, so as to alleviate the storage task of the TCU and achieve the purpose of quickly updating the ECUs.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management, which is based on a plurality of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) arranged on a vehicle and a remote information processing control unit (TCU) in communication connection with each Electronic Control Unit (ECU), wherein each ECU and the TCU are respectively provided with a nonvolatile memory, and the TCU is in communication connection with an external server; the method comprises the following steps:
the TCU is set as a main storage unit, each ECU is respectively set as an auxiliary storage unit, and nonvolatile memories in the main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit are respectively divided into a plurality of storage modules;
acquiring an available storage module and generating a relevant record;
the main storage unit downloads the upgrading software through a server and selects a plurality of available storage modules to finish the storage of the upgrading software together;
when the designated ECU needs to be updated, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the reading result is transmitted to the designated ECU;
and the designated ECU acquires the reading result, and buffers and refreshes the reading result to finish upgrading.
Further, the nonvolatile memories in the main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit are divided into a plurality of storage modules with equal size, and the size of each storage module is 512 bytes or 1 KB.
Further, the step of acquiring available storage modules and generating relevant records includes:
the auxiliary storage unit accesses a nonvolatile memory available for the local ECU, and sends an access result to the main storage unit, and the main storage unit stores a corresponding access result;
the main storage unit accesses a nonvolatile memory available for the local ECU and stores an access result;
the main storage unit analyzes all the access results to obtain all available storage modules and generates a relevant record.
Further, the main storage unit downloads the upgrade software through a server, and selects a plurality of available storage modules to jointly complete the storage step of the upgrade software, including:
receiving an upgrading software downloading request;
downloading the upgrading software through the server according to the downloading request;
the upgraded software is stored into a plurality of available memory modules and a table is formulated to record the specific location of the selected memory module.
Furthermore, the upgrade software is divided according to the image or binary file of the upgrade software and stored in a plurality of available storage modules.
Further, after the step of storing the upgrade software into a plurality of available storage modules and making a table to record specific locations of selected storage modules, the method further includes: and setting and storing the check code to improve the safety.
Furthermore, the main storage unit downloads the upgrade software through the server, and a plurality of available storage modules are selected to jointly complete the storage step of the upgrade software, and all the plurality of storage modules used for storing the upgrade software come from the auxiliary storage unit.
Furthermore, in the step of downloading the upgrade software by the server in the main storage unit and selecting a plurality of available storage modules to jointly complete the storage of the upgrade software, the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software are distributed in at least two ECUs.
Further, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the read result is transmitted to the designated ECU, including:
checking the table, and determining the specific position of the selected storage module;
when the selected storage module is positioned in the TCU, the main storage unit directly reads the selected storage module and sends a reading result to the designated ECU;
when the selected storage module is located in the other ECU except the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, so that the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module and sends the reading result to the designated ECU.
Further, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the read result is transmitted to the designated ECU, including:
checking the table, and determining the specific position of the selected storage module;
when the selected storage module is positioned in the TCU, the main storage unit directly reads the selected storage module and sends a reading result to the designated ECU;
when the selected storage module is located in the other ECU except the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module according to the instruction, the read result is sent to the main storage unit, and the main storage unit further sends the read result to the designated ECU.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management, which utilizes nonvolatile memories in various vehicle-mounted ECUs to store downloaded upgrade software, reduces the requirement on TCU storage resources and is beneficial to reducing the production cost of TCUs. Most importantly, the utilization of the nonvolatile memory in the vehicle-mounted ECU greatly improves the speed of the upgrade software written into the nonvolatile memory, obviously shortens the downloading time of the upgrade software, is beneficial to improving the updating speed of the ECU and improving the experience of users.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship among the TCU, the ECU, and the server in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the update ECU1 in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a storage path for software upgrade to the ECU1 in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a record table in example 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of reading each memory module and updating the ECU in embodiment 1.
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted; the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts; the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand for those skilled in the art and will therefore make the scope of the invention more clearly defined.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management, which is based on a plurality of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) arranged on a vehicle and a remote information processing control unit (TCU) in communication connection with each Electronic Control Unit (ECU). In this embodiment, the TCU may be communicatively connected to the ECUs by a CAN, an ethernet, or the like, so that the TCU CAN communicate information with the ECUs and transmit files, and the TCU and the ECUs are each provided with a spare nonvolatile memory. In addition, the TCU is also in communication connection with an external server, downloads required upgrade software through the external server, and transmits the upgrade software to the nonvolatile memories of the ECUs for storage, and when the ECUs need to be updated by using the upgrade software, the TCU reads the nonvolatile memories and transmits the read results to the ECUs to be upgraded, as shown in fig. 1 specifically.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for implementing ECU update based on distributed memory management specifically includes the following steps:
101. the TCU is set as a main storage unit, each ECU is set as an auxiliary storage unit, and nonvolatile memories in the main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit are divided into a plurality of storage modules.
In this embodiment, the nonvolatile memories in the main storage unit and each of the auxiliary storage units are divided into a plurality of storage modules with equal size, and the size of the storage module can be predefined and is generally defined as 512 bytes or 1KB, preferably 512 bytes. Of course, the size of the memory module may also be directly configurable.
102. The available memory modules are retrieved and the associated records are generated.
In order to have a full understanding of all available memory modules, the TCU needs to know and understand its locally available memory modules and the available memory modules within each ECU, respectively. Specifically, each auxiliary storage unit is used for accessing the nonvolatile memory available to its local ECU, that is, each auxiliary storage unit accesses the nonvolatile memory of its corresponding ECU, and sends the access result to the main storage unit, and the main storage unit stores the corresponding access result. Then, the main storage unit is used to access the nonvolatile memory available in the local ECU of the TCU and save the access result. Finally, the main storage unit analyzes all the access results to obtain all the available storage modules and generate related records, and the related records are stored in the main storage unit. The relevant records may be summary information for all ECUs, or may be a record corresponding to each ECU, and the recording manner is not limited herein. Through the generated related records, the main storage unit can clearly know the specific positions of all available storage modules and the total number of the available storage modules, and simultaneously know the number of the available storage modules in each ECU.
103. The main storage unit downloads the upgrading software through the server and selects a plurality of available storage modules to finish the storage of the upgrading software together.
Before downloading the upgrade software, the main storage unit needs to send a download request of the upgrade software, and only after receiving the download request, the main storage unit downloads the needed upgrade software through the connected external server. Once the upgrade software is downloaded, the downloaded upgrade software is divided according to the image or the binary file, that is, the downloaded upgrade software is divided into a plurality of shares according to the image or the binary file, and then the plurality of shares of software data are stored in a plurality of available storage modules. Of course, other prior art means may also be used to perform the cutting and partitioning process on the upgrade software, which is not limited herein. Here, various choices can be made for the selection of the storage module, for example, all the upgrade software is stored in a plurality of storage modules in the TCU until the available memory resources of the TCU are used up, and of course, the main storage module can also distribute the upgrade software to other ECUs for storage even if the memory resources of the TCU are not used up. In other words, the main storage unit may select several storage modules from all available storage modules, and use the selected storage modules to collectively complete the storage of each piece of data of the upgrade software, and the selected storage modules may be from the TCU or from other ECUs. Of course, in order to facilitate subsequent searching and reading of the selected memory module, the main memory module tracks and records the memory path, and makes a table to record the specific location of the selected memory module. To improve the security of data storage, a check code is typically provided, which is typically stored separately from the stored data, e.g., in ECU2, and in ECUs other than ECU 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the storage process of the upgrade software will now be exemplified. Suppose that the vehicle is equipped with three ECUs, ECU1, ECU2 and ECU3, and ECU1, ECU2 and ECU3 are respectively connected to the TCU in communication. When the ECU1 needs to be updated, the TCU downloads corresponding upgrade software through the server, divides the downloaded upgrade software into several parts, and then optionally stores part of the content of the upgrade software in an available storage module in the TCU, or optionally stores part of the content of the upgrade software in an available storage module in the ECU2, or optionally stores part of the content of the upgrade software in an available storage module in the ECU3, and regardless of whether a single ECU is used for storage or a plurality of ECUs are selected to cooperate with each other to complete storage, the main storage module needs to track and record the storage location of each part of the upgrade software to form a table, as shown in fig. 4, so as to facilitate subsequent quick search and location of the upgrade software.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, all of the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software are from the auxiliary storage unit, that is, the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software are distributed on other vehicle-mounted ECUs except the TCU, which is beneficial to increasing the download speed of the upgrade software and realizing quick update of the ECU. Of course, the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software are preferably distributed in different ECUs, at least in two different ECUs, which is beneficial to disperse the storage task to a certain extent, and avoids the reduction and even failure of the download and reading speed of the upgrade software caused by the insufficient storage space of a single ECU.
104. When the designated ECU needs to be updated, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the reading result is transmitted to the designated ECU.
To read the selected storage modules, the primary storage module first needs to look at the table to determine where each selected storage module is located. The selected memory modules are located at different positions, and the reading paths of the memory modules are different. If the selected memory module is located in the TCU, the main memory unit may directly read the selected memory module and send the read result to the designated ECU. However, if the selected memory module is located in an ECU other than the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit in which the selected memory module is located, so that the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected memory module and sends the read result to the designated ECU.
Certainly, the read path of the memory module is not unique, and may be preset as needed, for example, as shown in fig. 5, after the specific position of the selected memory module is determined after the table is checked, the selected memory module in the TCU is still directly read by the main memory unit, and the read result is sent to the designated ECU, which is the same as the above read process; and aiming at the selected storage module in other ECUs except the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module according to the instruction, the read result is sent to the main storage unit, and finally the main storage unit further sends the read result to the designated ECU. Although the transmission method is relatively complex, the connection relation is relatively simple, direct connection among the ECUs is reduced to a certain degree, mutual influence is avoided, and cost reduction is facilitated.
105. And the designated ECU acquires the reading result, and buffers and refreshes the reading result to finish upgrading.
Once the designated ECU needing to be updated acquires the reading results transmitted by each ECU or TCU, the received reading results are sequentially buffered and refreshed until all the reading results related to the updated software are buffered, and then the automatic updating of the ECU is completed.
It is worth noting that when the TCU needs to be updated, the downloading and the split storage processes of the upgrade software are basically unchanged, and the only difference is that when the selected storage module is read, when the selected storage module is located in the TCU, the main storage unit directly reads the selected storage module and performs buffer refreshing on the read result; when the selected storage module is located in other ECUs, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, so that the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module, sends the read result to the TCU, and the TCU performs buffering and refreshing.
According to the method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management, the spare nonvolatile memories of all ECUs on the automobile are used for storing the upgrading software, so that the cost is greatly reduced, the writing and reading speeds of the upgrading software are improved, and the updating time of the ECUs is obviously shortened. In other words, assuming that there are 12 similar ECUs in the automobile, where the similarity refers to similar nonvolatile resources, and one of the ECUs is used as the telematics control unit, i.e., the TCU, under such a structure, if the updating method disclosed in the present technical solution is not adopted, the upgraded software is only downloaded to the TCU, and the software download is completed and the software is written into the nonvolatile memory, which takes about 60 minutes, but if the updating method disclosed in the present technical solution is used, the 12 ECUs can be used to write the software into the nonvolatile memory together, so that the software download and writing are completed, which only takes about 5 minutes to complete, and the efficiency of upgrading the new version in the remote range is significantly improved.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management is characterized in that based on a plurality of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) arranged on a vehicle and a remote information processing control unit (TCU) in communication connection with each Electronic Control Unit (ECU), each ECU and the TCU are respectively provided with a nonvolatile memory, and the TCU is in communication connection with an external server; the method comprises the following steps: the TCU is set as a main storage unit, each ECU is respectively set as an auxiliary storage unit, and nonvolatile memories in the main storage unit and the auxiliary storage unit are respectively divided into a plurality of storage modules;
acquiring an available storage module and generating a relevant record;
the main storage unit downloads the upgrading software through a server and selects a plurality of available storage modules to finish the storage of the upgrading software together;
when the designated ECU needs to be updated, the selected storage module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the reading result is transmitted to the designated ECU;
and the designated ECU acquires the reading result, and buffers and refreshes the reading result to finish upgrading.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nonvolatile memories in the primary and secondary storage units are each divided into equal-sized storage modules, and the size of the storage modules is 512 bytes or 1 KB.
3. The method for updating the ECU based on the distributed memory management as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the available storage modules and generating the relevant records comprises:
the auxiliary storage unit accesses a nonvolatile memory available for the local ECU, and sends an access result to the main storage unit, and the main storage unit stores a corresponding access result;
the main storage unit accesses a nonvolatile memory available for the local ECU and stores an access result;
the main storage unit analyzes all the access results to obtain all available storage modules and generates a relevant record.
4. The method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main storage unit downloads the upgrade software through a server, and selects a plurality of available storage modules to jointly complete the step of storing the upgrade software, comprising:
receiving an upgrading software downloading request;
downloading the upgrading software through the server according to the downloading request;
the upgraded software is stored into a plurality of available memory modules and a table is formulated to record the specific location of the selected memory module.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the upgraded software is partitioned according to an image or binary file of the upgraded software and stored in a plurality of available storage modules.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein after the steps of storing the upgrade software in a plurality of available storage modules and creating a table to record specific locations of selected storage modules, the method further comprises: and setting and storing the check code to improve the safety.
7. The method for realizing ECU updating based on distributed memory management as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main storage unit downloads the upgrade software through a server, and a plurality of available storage modules are selected to jointly complete the step of storing the upgrade software, and all the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software come from the auxiliary storage unit.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of downloading the upgrade software from the server in the main storage unit and storing the upgrade software by using a plurality of available storage modules, the plurality of storage modules for storing the upgrade software are distributed in at least two ECUs.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of updating the ECU based on distributed memory management, wherein the selected memory module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the read result is transmitted to the designated ECU, comprises:
checking the table, and determining the specific position of the selected storage module;
when the selected storage module is positioned in the TCU, the main storage unit directly reads the selected storage module and sends a reading result to the designated ECU;
when the selected storage module is located in the other ECU except the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, so that the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module and sends the reading result to the designated ECU.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of updating the ECU based on distributed memory management, wherein the selected memory module is read by the corresponding ECU, and the read result is transmitted to the designated ECU, comprises:
checking the table, and determining the specific position of the selected storage module;
when the selected storage module is positioned in the TCU, the main storage unit directly reads the selected storage module and sends a reading result to the designated ECU;
when the selected storage module is located in the other ECU except the designated ECU, the main storage unit sends an instruction to the auxiliary storage unit where the selected storage module is located, the auxiliary storage unit reads the selected storage module according to the instruction, the read result is sent to the main storage unit, and the main storage unit further sends the read result to the designated ECU.
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