CN111579127A - Layered water temperature automatic measuring method and system - Google Patents
Layered water temperature automatic measuring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111579127A CN111579127A CN202010621742.1A CN202010621742A CN111579127A CN 111579127 A CN111579127 A CN 111579127A CN 202010621742 A CN202010621742 A CN 202010621742A CN 111579127 A CN111579127 A CN 111579127A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
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Abstract
The invention discloses a layered water temperature automatic measuring method and a system, comprising: distributing n water gauges marked as P1, P2 and … … Pn on a slope surface from the shore to the river; the zero point elevations of the n water gauges are respectively recorded as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn; arranging a temperature self-recording sensor at the zero point elevation position of each water gauge, measuring the temperature of the zero point of each water gauge in real time, and recording the temperature as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn respectively; drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature; and linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature. Under the condition of no floating body, the invention monitors the temperature-elevation distribution curve of the section in real time by depending on a water gauge, and can realize the self-recording of the layered water temperature based on the temperature-elevation distribution curve; the self-recording measurement of the water temperature of the existing pontoon without a hydrology pontoon and a river reach where a floating pontoon cannot be arranged is solved, and meanwhile, the layered water temperature and the shore temperature can be monitored in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water temperature observation, in particular to a layered water temperature automatic measurement method and a layered water temperature automatic measurement system.
Background
Water temperature observation is one of important observation factors of hydrological tests, and the water temperature is observed by a water temperature meter with the scale not higher than 0.2 ℃ according to the current industrial technical specification. When the water depth is more than 1m, the water thermometer is placed at a position 0.5m below the water surface; when the water depth is less than 1m, the water can be placed to the half-depth position; when the water is too shallow, the water can be obliquely put into the water, but the water does not touch the river bottom. In order to meet the requirement of observation depth, water temperature self-recording equipment can be arranged on a pontoon at the river reach with a hydrological pontoon; a floating pontoon can be installed on a river section without a pontoon, and water temperature self-recording equipment is installed on the pontoon to realize the self-recording of the water temperature.
Therefore, the key of the water temperature self-recording lies in the selection of the mounting carrier; for a river section with a pontoon or a floating pontoon, the water temperature self-recording can be easily realized; however, for mountainous rivers, the water temperature self-recording device has the characteristics of large specific gravity, high flow speed, large water level amplitude and more floating objects, and is difficult to record in a technical way due to the lack of a floating installation carrier when a hydrological pontoon or a floating buoy cannot be arranged from the safety and economic aspects.
For river reach which cannot be provided with water temperature self-recording equipment, only manual timing observation can be adopted at the present stage; it has the following disadvantages:
on one hand, the automation level is low, and the hydrologic modernization level is restricted;
on the other hand, because the people need to observe in the water, certain potential safety hazards are brought to the personal safety of observers during the flood period.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for automatically measuring the layered water temperature, which can realize the self-recording of the layered water temperature without depending on a floating installation carrier (a pontoon or a floating pontoon).
The invention discloses a layered water temperature automatic measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
distributing n water gauges marked as P1, P2 and … … Pn on a slope surface from the shore to the river; the zero point elevations of the n water gauges are respectively recorded as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn;
arranging a temperature self-recording sensor at the zero point elevation position of each water gauge, measuring the temperature of the zero point of each water gauge in real time, and recording the temperature as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn respectively;
drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature;
and linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method for laying n water gauges comprises the following steps:
according to the requirements of 'water level observation standard', n water gauges are sequentially arranged on the slope surface from the bank side to the river.
As a further improvement of the invention, the temperatures at different depths of water under the water are linearly interpolated on the temperature-elevation curve, namely the layered water temperatures.
As a further improvement of the invention, for the temperature-elevation distribution curve, the part below the real-time water level is the real-time layered water temperature, and the part above the real-time water level is the real-time layered bank temperature.
The invention also discloses a layered water temperature automatic measuring system, which comprises:
the n water gauges are arranged on the slope from the bank to the river; respectively recording n water gauges as P1, P2 and … … Pn, and respectively recording zero point elevations of the n water gauges as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn;
the n temperature self-recording sensors are correspondingly arranged at the zero point elevation of the water gauge; the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature of each water gauge at a zero point in real time and is respectively marked as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn;
the instrument room is connected with all the temperature self-recording sensors through cables; the system is used for drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and temperature; and linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature.
As a further improvement of the invention, the n water gauges are arranged on the slope from the bank to the river according to the requirements of 'water level observation standard'.
As a further improvement of the invention, the temperatures at different depths of water under the water are linearly interpolated on the temperature-elevation curve, namely the layered water temperatures.
As a further improvement of the invention, for the temperature-elevation distribution curve, the part below the real-time water level is the real-time layered water temperature, and the part above the real-time water level is the real-time layered bank temperature.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the instrument room comprises: the system comprises an acquisition control module, a power supply module and a communication module;
the acquisition control module is used for acquiring the real-time temperatures of the n temperature self-recording sensors through the cable and receiving the input zero elevation of the water gauge; drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature; linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the acquisition control module, the communication module and the temperature self-recording sensor;
and the communication module is used for transmitting the water temperature acquired by the acquisition control module to an external terminal.
As a further improvement of the invention, the instrument room further comprises a lightning protection module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the measuring method and the measuring system, under the condition of no floating body, the temperature-elevation distribution curve of the section is monitored in real time by depending on the water gauge, and the layered water temperature self-recording can be realized based on the temperature-elevation distribution curve; the self-recording measurement of the water temperature of the existing pontoon without a hydrology pontoon and a river reach where a floating pontoon cannot be arranged is solved, and meanwhile, the layered water temperature and the shore temperature can be monitored in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for automatically measuring a stratified water temperature;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic layered water temperature measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a frame diagram of the instrument room of fig. 2.
In the figure:
10. a water gauge; 20. a temperature self-recording sensor; 30. a cable; 40. an instrument room; 41. an acquisition control module; 42. a power supply module; 43. a communication module; 44. and a lightning protection module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for automatically measuring a layered water temperature, comprising:
step 1, distributing n water gauges on a slope surface from a bank side to a river; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
recording n water gauges as P1, P2 and … … Pn respectively, and arranging the number of the water gauges and the arranged vertical beams according to the requirements of water level observation standard; recording the zero point elevations of the n water gauges as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn respectively, and recording the zero point elevations of the n water gauges into a corresponding system in an instrument room to serve as a parameter for subsequently drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve;
step 2, distributing temperature self-recording sensors at the zero elevation position of each water gauge; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the temperature self-recording sensor can adopt the conventional temperature self-counting instrument and is used for measuring the temperature of each water gauge at a zero point in real time, and the temperature data are respectively marked as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn, and are used for being transmitted into a corresponding system in an instrument room and used as a parameter for subsequently drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve;
step 3, (Zp2, Tp2) … … (Zpn, Tpn) according to the corresponding zero point elevation and temperature, i.e., (Zp1, Tp 1); drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the temperature-elevation distribution curve is plotted as the curve on the right side of fig. 2;
step 3, linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level Z, wherein the temperature is the layered water temperature; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
linearly interpolating the temperatures at different underwater depths on the temperature-elevation curve to obtain the layered water temperature;
meanwhile, for the temperature-elevation distribution curve, the part below the real-time water level is the real-time layered water temperature, and the part above the real-time water level is the real-time layered bank temperature.
Example (b):
with the river bottom elevation as 0, if 8 sets of zero point elevation and temperature data measured are (0.5m, 10 ℃), (1m, 10.5 ℃), (1.5m, 11 ℃), (2m, 12 ℃), (2.5m, 13 ℃), (3m, 14 ℃), (3.5m, 18 ℃), and (4m, 21 ℃);
if the real-time water level Z of the river water is 2.8m, linearly interpolating a position 0.5m under the water on the temperature-elevation curve, namely 2.3m, which is between two groups of data of (2m, 12 ℃) and (2.5m and 13 ℃); according to the temperature-elevation distribution curve, taking the temperature of a point 2.3m on the curve as 12.5 ℃; the temperature of 12.5 ℃ is taken as the water temperature at 0.5m under water.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a layered water temperature automatic measuring system, comprising:
the n water gauges 10 are arranged on the slope from the bank side to the river; wherein, the n water gauges are respectively marked as P1, P2 and … … Pn, and the number of the water gauges and the arranged vertical beams are arranged according to the requirements of 'water level observation standard'; recording the zero point elevations of the n water gauges as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn respectively, and recording the zero point elevations of the n water gauges into a corresponding system in an instrument room to serve as a parameter for subsequently drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve;
the n temperature self-recording sensors 20 are correspondingly arranged at the zero point elevation of the water gauge 10; the temperature self-recording sensor can adopt the conventional temperature self-counting, is used for measuring the temperature at the zero point of each water gauge in real time and is respectively marked as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn, and the temperature data is used for being transmitted into a corresponding system in an instrument room and used as a parameter for subsequently drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve;
the instrument room 40 is connected with all the temperature self-recording sensors 20 through cables 30; for plotting temperature-elevation profiles from the corresponding zero point elevations and temperatures, i.e. (Zp1, Tp1), (Zp2, Tp2) … … (Zpn, Tpn); linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position (0.5m) on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature; wherein the plotted temperature-elevation distribution curve is as shown on the right side of fig. 2.
Further, for the temperature-elevation distribution curve, the part below the real-time water level is the real-time layered water temperature, and the part above the real-time water level is the real-time layered bank temperature.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the instrument room 40 of the present invention includes: an acquisition control module 41, a power supply module 42, a communication module 43 and a lightning protection module 44; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the acquisition control module 41 has a controller, an acquisition end, a display and an entry device; the acquisition end acquires the real-time temperatures of the n temperature self-recording sensors 20 through the cable 30 and inputs the zero elevation of the water gauge through the input equipment; the controller draws a temperature-elevation distribution curve on the display according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature; linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature;
the power supply module 42 is used for supplying power to the acquisition control module, the communication module and the temperature self-recording sensor;
the communication module 43 is used for transmitting the water temperature acquired by the acquisition control module to an external terminal;
the lightning protection module 44 may be implemented with conventional lightning protection equipment, such as a lightning rod.
Example (b):
with the river bottom elevation as 0, if 8 sets of zero point elevation and temperature data measured are (0.5m, 10 ℃), (1m, 10.5 ℃), (1.5m, 11 ℃), (2m, 12 ℃), (2.5m, 13 ℃), (3m, 14 ℃), (3.5m, 18 ℃), and (4m, 21 ℃);
if the real-time water level Z of the river water is 2.8m, linearly interpolating a position 0.5m under the water on the temperature-elevation curve, namely 2.3m, which is between two groups of data of (2m, 12 ℃) and (2.5m and 13 ℃); according to the temperature-elevation distribution curve, taking the temperature of a point 2.3m on the curve as 12.5 ℃; the temperature of 12.5 ℃ is taken as the water temperature at 0.5m under water.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the measuring method and the measuring system, under the condition of no floating body, the temperature-elevation distribution curve of the section is monitored in real time by depending on the water gauge, and the layered water temperature self-recording can be realized based on the temperature-elevation distribution curve; the self-recording measurement of the water temperature of the existing pontoon without a hydrology pontoon and a river reach where a floating pontoon cannot be arranged is solved, and meanwhile, the layered water temperature and the shore temperature can be monitored in real time.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A layered water temperature automatic measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
distributing n water gauges marked as P1, P2 and … … Pn on a slope surface from the shore to the river; the zero point elevations of the n water gauges are respectively recorded as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn;
arranging a temperature self-recording sensor at the zero point elevation position of each water gauge, measuring the temperature of the zero point of each water gauge in real time, and recording the temperature as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn respectively;
drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature;
and linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature.
2. The method for automatically measuring the layered water temperature according to claim 1, wherein the method for arranging the n water gauges comprises the following steps:
according to the requirements of 'water level observation standard', n water gauges are sequentially arranged on the slope surface from the bank side to the river.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperatures at different depths under water are linearly interpolated on the temperature-elevation curve to obtain the layered water temperatures.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein for the temperature-elevation profile, the real-time stratified water temperature is below the real-time water level and the real-time stratified bank temperature is above the real-time water level.
5. A hierarchical water temperature automatic measuring system is characterized by comprising:
the n water gauges are arranged on the slope from the bank to the river; respectively recording n water gauges as P1, P2 and … … Pn, and respectively recording zero point elevations of the n water gauges as Zp1 and Zp2 … … Zpn;
the n temperature self-recording sensors are correspondingly arranged at the zero point elevation of the water gauge; the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature of each water gauge at a zero point in real time and is respectively marked as Tp1, Tp2 and … … Tpn;
the instrument room is connected with all the temperature self-recording sensors through cables; the system is used for drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and temperature; and linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature.
6. The system for automatically measuring the layered water temperature as claimed in claim 5, wherein the n water gauges are arranged on the slope from the bank to the river according to the requirements of the Water level Observation Standard.
7. The system for automatically measuring the temperature of layered water according to claim 5, wherein the temperatures at different depths under water are linearly interpolated on the temperature-elevation curve to obtain the layered water temperatures.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein for a temperature-elevation profile, the real-time stratified water temperature is below the real-time water level and the real-time stratified bank temperature is above the real-time water level.
9. The system of claim 5, wherein the instrument room comprises: the system comprises an acquisition control module, a power supply module and a communication module;
the acquisition control module is used for acquiring the real-time temperatures of the n temperature self-recording sensors through the cable and receiving the input zero elevation of the water gauge; drawing a temperature-elevation distribution curve according to the corresponding zero point elevation and the temperature; linearly interpolating the temperature at the underwater preset position on the temperature-elevation curve according to the real-time water level to obtain the layered water temperature;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the acquisition control module, the communication module and the temperature self-recording sensor;
and the communication module is used for transmitting the water temperature acquired by the acquisition control module to an external terminal.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the instrumentation room further comprises a lightning protection module.
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| CN202010621742.1A CN111579127A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Layered water temperature automatic measuring method and system |
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| CN202010621742.1A CN111579127A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Layered water temperature automatic measuring method and system |
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Citations (5)
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| CN202947780U (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-05-22 | 河南黄河信息技术公司 | Wireless electronic water gauge |
| CN104296730A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 李闯 | Hydrologic flow data processing system and method |
| CN105043590A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-11-11 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Continuous and automatic observation device for observing change rule of reservoir dual thermocline and method for installing device |
| CN108287007A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-17 | 山东省水利勘测设计院 | A kind of intelligent water-level instrumentation based on Data fusion technique |
| CN110595418A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Pumped storage power station ice condition monitoring method and system |
-
2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202010621742.1A patent/CN111579127A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202947780U (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-05-22 | 河南黄河信息技术公司 | Wireless electronic water gauge |
| CN104296730A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 李闯 | Hydrologic flow data processing system and method |
| CN105043590A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-11-11 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Continuous and automatic observation device for observing change rule of reservoir dual thermocline and method for installing device |
| CN108287007A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-17 | 山东省水利勘测设计院 | A kind of intelligent water-level instrumentation based on Data fusion technique |
| CN110595418A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-20 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Pumped storage power station ice condition monitoring method and system |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |