CN111574183A - Backfill material suitable for karst region and backfill method thereof - Google Patents
Backfill material suitable for karst region and backfill method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111574183A CN111574183A CN202010554553.7A CN202010554553A CN111574183A CN 111574183 A CN111574183 A CN 111574183A CN 202010554553 A CN202010554553 A CN 202010554553A CN 111574183 A CN111574183 A CN 111574183A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- backfill material
- karst
- backfill
- backfilling
- heat exchange
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
Abstract
The invention discloses a backfill material suitable for karst areas and a backfill method thereof, wherein the backfill material comprises a backfill material I and a backfill material II, and the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion: sand and stone: 20% -30%, bentonite: 50% -60%, water-permeable gelling agent: 2% -4%, gypsum retarder: 2% -4%, water: 15% -25%; the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion: sand and stone: 25% -35%, bentonite: 60% -70%, water: 15% -25%, the method comprises: and when karst areas meet karst caves, grouting the heat exchange holes according to a layered grouting method, backfilling by adopting different backfilling materials during layered grouting, backfilling by adopting a backfilling material II at a karst cave section, and backfilling by adopting a backfilling material I at a karst cave section. According to the invention, in the karst cave section, after the gelling agent and the retarder are added, the backfill material of the karst cave section is solidified, so that the phenomenon that the backfill material of the karst cave section extrudes to a gap part after backfill is completed, and the ground subsides caused by instability of the backfill material in the hole is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground backfill materials in karst areas, and relates to a backfill material suitable for the karst areas and a backfill method of the backfill material suitable for the karst areas.
Background
At present, the economic growth of our country in recent decades has brought about great influence on the environment. Therefore, in order to develop clean energy to reduce the utilization of renewable energy, a ground source heat pump system for heating is proposed. The ground source heat pump system technology is fully applied to an air conditioning system by utilizing infinite geothermal energy. The ground source heat pump system has the advantages of low investment, no pollution, reduced floor area, environmental protection and the like, and is a great trend for utilizing renewable energy sources in the future.
However, in the actual construction process, the ground source heat pump system technology of some areas is hindered due to different geological conditions, and particularly in karst areas, the developed heat exchange holes may have a karst cave problem due to the complex geological condition structure. This results in poor backfill, resulting in poor heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchange tubes, and more seriously, increased post-maintenance work and maintenance costs. Effective solutions to these problems can also be taken in the face of particular geological conditions.
In a karst area, if a karst cave is met, the prior art easily causes that the stability of a backfill material in a hole is not high, and the ground surface sinks to different degrees after backfilling for a period of time. Therefore, in the karst area, the correct selection of the backfill materials in the heat exchange holes has significant meaning.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a backfill material suitable for karst areas and a backfill method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the backfill material suitable for the karst region comprises a backfill material I and a backfill material II, wherein the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 20 to 30 percent
Bentonite: 50 to 60 percent
Water-permeable gelling agent: 2 to 4 percent of
A gypsum retarder: 2 to 4 percent of
Water: 15% -25%;
the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 25 to 35 percent
Bentonite: 60 to 70 percent
Water: 15 to 25 percent.
The sand adopts crushed aggregates generated by punching, and the particle size is 100-120 meshes.
The bentonite is sodium bentonite.
The water-permeable gelling agent is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and magnesium chloride.
The gypsum retarder is a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum.
A backfill method of backfill materials suitable for karst areas comprises the following steps: and when karst areas meet karst caves, grouting the heat exchange holes according to a layered grouting method, backfilling by adopting different backfilling materials during layered grouting, backfilling by adopting a backfilling material II at a karst cave section, and backfilling by adopting a backfilling material I at a karst cave section.
A backfill method of backfill materials suitable for karst areas specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the backfill amount required by the heat exchange hole section below the karst cave by judging the position of the karst cave in the depth direction of the heat exchange hole;
(2) adding a set amount of backfill material II into a stirrer for stirring, and injecting the backfill material II into a first reinjection area of a heat exchange hole section below the karst cave through a reinjection pipe after stirring;
(3) calculating a first backfill material needed by the karst cave part, adding the prepared first backfill material into a stirrer, inserting the U-shaped heat exchange tube into the heat exchange hole for fixing, and injecting the mixture into a second reinjection area of the karst cave part of the heat exchange hole through a reinjection tube after stirring;
(4) and after the second reinjection area is solidified, filling the heat exchange holes with a second backfill material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the backfill material of the karst cave section is solidified after the gelling agent and the retarder are added into the karst cave section, so that the backfill material of the karst cave section is prevented from being extruded to a gap part after the backfill is finished, and the ground subsidence caused by instability of the backfill material in the hole is avoided. The invention has obvious heat exchange effect when meeting the karst cave, enhances the compactness, improves the heat exchange effect, improves the heat exchange stability and reduces the later maintenance work amount and the maintenance cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a formation in a karst area when encountering a cavern;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a backfill implementation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-stirrer, 2-grouting pipe, 3-heat exchange hole, 4-U type heat exchange pipe and 5-screen.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: the backfill material suitable for the karst region comprises a backfill material I and a backfill material II, wherein the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 20kg of
Bentonite: 50kg of
Water-permeable gelling agent: 2 kg of
A gypsum retarder: 2 kg of
Water: 15 kg;
the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 75kg of
Bentonite: 180kg
Water: 45 kg.
The sandstone is crushed material produced by punching, and the particle size is 100 meshes.
The bentonite is sodium bentonite.
The water-permeable gelling agent is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and magnesium chloride.
The gypsum retarder is a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum.
A backfill method of backfill materials suitable for karst areas comprises the following steps: and when karst areas meet karst caves, grouting the heat exchange holes according to a layered grouting method, backfilling by adopting different backfilling materials during layered grouting, backfilling by adopting a backfilling material II at a karst cave section, and backfilling by adopting a backfilling material I at a karst cave section.
A backfill method of backfill materials suitable for karst areas specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the backfill amount required by the heat exchange hole section below the karst cave by judging the position of the karst cave in the depth direction of the heat exchange hole;
(2) adding a set amount of backfill material II into a stirrer for stirring, injecting the backfill material II into a first reinjection area of a heat exchange hole section below the karst cave after stirring, and turning to the step (3) after the first reinjection area is refilled;
(3) calculating a first backfill material needed by the karst cave part, adding the prepared first backfill material into a stirrer, inserting the U-shaped heat exchange tube into the heat exchange hole for fixing, and injecting the mixture into a second reinjection area of the karst cave part of the heat exchange hole through a reinjection tube after stirring;
(4) and after the second reinjection area is solidified, filling the heat exchange holes with a second backfill material.
Example 2: the backfill material suitable for the karst region comprises a backfill material I and a backfill material II, wherein the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 90kg of
Bentonite: 60kg of
Water-permeable gelling agent: 4kg of
A gypsum retarder: 4kg of
Water: 25 kg;
the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 105kg of
Bentonite: 210kg of
Water: 75 kg.
The sandstone is crushed material produced by punching, and the particle size is 120 meshes.
The bentonite is sodium bentonite.
The water-permeable gelling agent is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and magnesium chloride.
The gypsum retarder is a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum.
Backfilling was performed using the backfilling method of example 1.
Example 3: the backfill material suitable for the karst region comprises a backfill material I and a backfill material II, wherein the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 25kg of
Bentonite: 55kg of
Water-permeable gelling agent: 3kg of
A gypsum retarder: 3kg of
Water: 20 kg;
the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 90kg of
Bentonite: 195kg
Water: 60 kg.
The sandstone is crushed material produced by punching, and the particle size is 110 meshes.
The bentonite is sodium bentonite.
The water-permeable gelling agent is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and magnesium chloride.
The gypsum retarder is a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum.
Backfilling was performed using the backfilling method of example 1.
The matching of the materials can solve the problem of subsidence of the ground surface caused by karst caves in the karst area. The material provided by the invention is matched with the backfill material in the hole, so that the stability is high, the fluidity is good, the backfill is convenient, and the service life of the ground source heat pump system is long. Meanwhile, the later engineering management and maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the environment-friendly problem advocated at present is met.
Specific examples are as follows: as shown in fig. 1-2, wherein the sand is originated from the original hole and has a weight of 20 kg; the bentonite adopted is sodium bentonite, and the weight is 50 kg.
The materials are mixed to prepare a second backfill material, wherein the mesh number of the backfill material is 100 meshes.
A backfill method of backfill materials in heat exchange holes comprises the following steps:
(1) screening the sandstone and the bentonite into required meshes through a screen 5, adding water with the mixture proportion of 15kg, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer 1 for stirring uniformly;
(2) inserting the grouting pipe 2 and the U-shaped heat exchange pipe 4 into the heat exchange hole 3, and injecting a backfill material II into the heat exchange hole through the grouting pipe 2The injection speed of the bottom of the hole (the first reinjection area on the figure) should be controlled well in the injection process, and the injection speed of the grouting pipe is q =0.1m3/min；
(3) Adopting layered grouting, slowly lifting the grouting pipe, removing original air and water in the hole, and stopping grouting after the grouting pipe is filled with 28m heat exchange holes;
(4) 20kg of sand stone from the original hole, 50kg of sodium bentonite, 4kg of permeable gelling agent, 4kg of gypsum retarder and 20kg of water are mixed to form a backfill material I, wherein the permeable gelling agent mainly comprises a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, magnesium chloride and the like; the gypsum retarder mainly comprises a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum and the like; screening the sandstone and the bentonite into required meshes through a screen 5, adding water with the mixture proportion of 20kg, and feeding the mixture into a stirrer 1 for stirring uniformly; inserting a grouting pipe 2 and a U-shaped heat exchange pipe 4 into a heat exchange hole 3, injecting backfill materials into the bottom of the heat exchange hole (a second reinjection area on the figure) through the grouting pipe 2, namely a karst cave section, wherein the injection speed is controlled well in the injection process, and the injection speed of the grouting pipe is q =0.1m3Min; slowly lifting the grouting pipe from a position of 28m to a position of 30m, removing original air and water in the hole, stopping grouting after the grouting is finished, and performing grouting in a third grouting area after the grouting pipe is stabilized;
(5) and (3) when grouting is carried out in a third grouting area, the grouting can be carried out according to the step (1) and the step (2), the grouting pipe is lifted at a constant speed from a position of 30m in the implementation process, and finally the whole heat exchange hole is backfilled.
The backfill method can be carried out according to a layered grouting method when the backfill method is used in karst caves in karst areas, and backfill materials used in the layered grouting are different. Backfilling the non-karst cave section according to a set material; in the karst cave section, the back filling material of the karst cave section is solidified after the gelling agent and the retarder are added. The phenomenon that the backfill materials in the cave sections extrude to the gaps after backfill is finished, so that the backfill materials in the holes are unstable to cause ground subsidence is avoided. The invention has obvious heat exchange effect when meeting the karst cave, enhances the compactness, improves the heat exchange effect, improves the heat exchange stability and reduces the later maintenance work amount and the maintenance cost.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a backfill material suitable for karst area which characterized in that: the backfill material I comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 20 to 30 percent
Bentonite: 50 to 60 percent
Water-permeable gelling agent: 2 to 4 percent of
A gypsum retarder: 2 to 4 percent of
Water: 15% -25%;
the backfill material II comprises the following raw materials in proportion:
sand and stone: 25 to 35 percent
Bentonite: 60 to 70 percent
Water: 15 to 25 percent.
2. The backfill material for karst areas according to claim 1, characterized by: the sand adopts crushed aggregates generated by punching, and the particle size is 100-120 meshes.
3. The backfill material for karst areas according to claim 1, characterized by: the bentonite is sodium bentonite.
4. The backfill material for karst areas according to claim 1, characterized by: the water-permeable gelling agent is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and magnesium chloride.
5. The backfill material for karst areas according to claim 1, characterized by: the gypsum retarder is a mixture of lime powder, desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum.
6. A method of backfilling a backfill material suitable for use in karst areas according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: and when karst areas meet karst caves, grouting the heat exchange holes according to a layered grouting method, backfilling by adopting different backfilling materials during layered grouting, backfilling by adopting a backfilling material II at a karst cave section, and backfilling by adopting a backfilling material I at a karst cave section.
7. The method for backfilling a backfill material suitable for karst areas according to claim 6, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the backfill amount required by the heat exchange hole section below the karst cave by judging the position of the karst cave in the depth direction of the heat exchange hole;
(2) adding a set amount of backfill material II into a stirrer for stirring, and injecting the backfill material II into a first reinjection area of a heat exchange hole section below the karst cave through a reinjection pipe after stirring;
(3) calculating a first backfill material needed by the karst cave part, adding the prepared first backfill material into a stirrer, inserting the U-shaped heat exchange tube into the heat exchange hole for fixing, and injecting the mixture into a second reinjection area of the karst cave part of the heat exchange hole through a reinjection tube after stirring;
(4) and after the second reinjection area is solidified, filling the heat exchange holes with a second backfill material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115490469A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Backfill material suitable for ground source heat pump vertical buried pipe drilling in karst area and preparation method thereof |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115490469A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-20 | 桂林理工大学 | Backfill material suitable for ground source heat pump vertical buried pipe drilling in karst area and preparation method thereof |
| CN115490469B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-03-10 | 桂林理工大学 | Backfill material suitable for ground source heat pump vertical buried pipe drilling in karst area and preparation method thereof |
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