CN111573588A - Medical ampoule bottle opener - Google Patents
Medical ampoule bottle opener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111573588A CN111573588A CN202010363423.5A CN202010363423A CN111573588A CN 111573588 A CN111573588 A CN 111573588A CN 202010363423 A CN202010363423 A CN 202010363423A CN 111573588 A CN111573588 A CN 111573588A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grinding wheel
- sleeve
- thumb
- medical ampoule
- thumb sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
- B67B7/00—Hand- or power-operated devices for opening closed containers
- B67B7/92—Hand- or power-operated devices for opening closed containers by breaking, e.g. for ampoules
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Opening Bottles Or Cans (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medical ampoule bottle opener, which belongs to the technical field of medical equipment and comprises a thumb sleeve, wherein three working surfaces, namely a grinding wheel surface, an anti-skid surface and a scrubbing surface, are uniformly distributed on the thumb sleeve in an annular shape; the grinding wheel surface is provided with an arc-shaped grinding wheel piece; the face scrubbing surface is provided with a disinfection sheet; and the anti-skid surface is provided with anti-skid grains. The novel ampoule cover is used by a finger of a user, is operated and used by the finger, is small in size, flexible and quick, and is not easy to cause ampoule breakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a medical ampoule bottle opener.
Background
In the fields of medical treatment, medicine and the like, in order to ensure the curative effect of clinically common injection medicines, vaccines, serum or other oral liquids, ampoules are mostly used for storage, and as the ampoules are hard glass containers which can be sealed by melting, when a nipple part and a bottle body are split when the ampoules are opened, glass is easily broken, medical staff is injured, or glass fragments and a lot of glass fragments which are invisible to naked eyes can fall into the liquid medicine to cause pollution. In clinical work, when dispensing medicine, medical staff need to continuously open the ampoule bottle, the ampoule bottle is opened in a mode that a cutting mark is firstly scratched at a bottle neck by a grinding wheel or other sharp objects, and then the ampoule bottle is broken by hands or directly knocked off by other instruments. As a plurality of ampoule bottles are required to be opened by medical staff every day, the steps are required for each ampoule bottle, the workload is high, the medical staff feels tired, and hands can be rubbed to cause long calluses and hard hands. Ampoule bottle opener on market, generally for fixed knot constructs mechanical part or the mechanical part of jaw type structure, the structure is complicated, and weight is big, leads to the ampoule to break easily when contacting with the ampoule, and the while is operated for a long time and has been tired easily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the medical ampoule bottle opener which is sleeved on the fingers of a user for use, is operated by the fingers for use, has small volume, is flexible and quick, and is not easy to cause ampoule breakage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a medical ampoule bottle opener comprises a thumb sleeve, wherein three working surfaces, namely a grinding wheel surface, an anti-skid surface and a scrubbing surface, are uniformly distributed on the thumb sleeve in an annular shape; the grinding wheel surface is provided with an arc-shaped grinding wheel piece; the face scrubbing surface is provided with a disinfection sheet; and the anti-skid surface is provided with anti-skid grains.
As a further improvement of the invention, an inner sleeve is arranged in the thumb sleeve; a ratchet ring for realizing unidirectional rotation of the thumb sleeve is arranged between the thumb sleeve and the inner sleeve.
As a further improvement of the invention, a groove is arranged on the scrubbing surface; the disinfection piece is fixed in the groove through the clamping frame.
As a further development of the invention, the sterilization sheet stack is provided with a plurality of layers.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ratchet ring consists of an outer ring and an inner ring; a pawl is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring; ratchets are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the inner ring.
As a further improvement of the invention, a cover plate for covering the upper part of the thumb sleeve is arranged on the inner sleeve; the housing plate is provided with a liquid medicine cavity for soaking the disinfection tablet; the bottom of the liquid medicine cavity is provided with a transverse notch, and a roller is arranged in the notch.
As a further improvement of the invention, the drum is cotton.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grinding wheel sheet and the disinfection sheet are arranged in a front-back staggered manner; and a grinding wheel groove matched with the grinding wheel is formed in the inner side face of the cover plate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the food finger sleeve also comprises a food finger sleeve; the outer wall of the index finger sleeve is provided with anti-skid grains.
As a further improvement of the invention, the grinding wheel is fixed on the mounting plate; the mounting plate is embedded in the thumb sleeve.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
as a further improvement of the present invention,
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention is sleeved on the thumb and the forefinger for use, has more free and flexible operation, is light and convenient, and can prevent the ampoule from being cracked.
2. The thumb sleeve is provided with three working surfaces, namely a grinding wheel, a disinfection piece and an anti-slip surface, which can respectively correspond to three operation steps when the ampoule is opened and respectively carry out disinfection, cutting and pulling on the ampoule, so that the function is stronger, and the use is more convenient.
3. The thumb sleeve adopts a double-layer sleeve structure, the inner sleeve is arranged in the thumb sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the thumb, the outer layer of the thumb sleeve can be controlled and adjusted to be in contact with the ampoule in a unidirectional rotation mode, the thumb sleeve can be rotated and adjusted to be in contact with the ampoule only by shifting the thumb sleeve with the index finger of the same hand, and the operation can be carried out with one hand, so that the flexibility and the convenience in use are greatly improved.
4. The thumb sleeve is externally provided with the cover plate, the liquid medicine cavity on the cover plate can disinfect the disinfection sheet, the use duration of the disinfection sheet is prolonged, the surface of the ampoule is ensured to be sterile, and meanwhile, the disinfection sheet is automatically disinfected in the rotation process of the thumb sleeve, so that the thumb sleeve is very flexible and convenient.
5. The cover plate can also be provided with a grinding wheel groove, and when the grinding wheel passes through the grinding wheel groove in the process of rotating and adjusting the working surface by the thumb sleeve, the grinding wheel groove can be used for scrubbing the grinding wheel to scrape glass fragments on the grinding wheel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end of a thumb sleeve;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional structural view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the sterilizing sheet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the chucking frame;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the thumb sleeve with an inner sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional structural view of the embodiment of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a ratchet ring construction;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional structural view of the inner sleeve with the shroud plate disposed thereon;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic exterior view of the embodiment of FIG. 9;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the index finger sleeve.
In the figure: 1. a thumb sleeve; 2. a grinding wheel sheet; 21. mounting a plate; 3. a groove; 4. disinfecting tablets; 5. clamping the frame; 51. buckling; 6. anti-skid lines; 7. an inner sleeve; 8. a cover plate; 81. a grinding wheel groove; 9. a liquid medicine cavity; 10. a drum; 11. a ratchet ring; 111. an outer ring; 112. an inner ring; 113. a pawl; 114. a ratchet; 12. provided is a forefinger sleeve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is given for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the present description is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, in a specific embodiment, a medical ampoule bottle opener includes a thumb sleeve 1, wherein three working surfaces, namely a grinding wheel surface, an anti-slip surface and a scrubbing surface, are uniformly distributed on the thumb sleeve 1 in an annular shape; the grinding wheel surface is provided with an arc-shaped grinding wheel piece 2; the disinfecting sheet 4 is arranged on the face scrubbing surface; and the anti-skid surface is provided with anti-skid grains 6.
The thumb sleeve 1 can be made of a soft silica gel sleeve, so that the thumb sleeve is more suitable for fingers and is more comfortable to use. The grinding wheel 2 is used for cutting the ampoule bottle; the scrubbing surface is used for cleaning the surface of the ampoule bottle; the anti-slip surface is generally of a thickened structure and is used for matching with another finger to pull the opening of the ampoule bottle. In the above embodiment, the thumb sleeve needs to be rotated to adjust the positions of the three working surfaces.
As shown in figures 5-8, as a preferred embodiment of the invention, an inner sleeve 7 is arranged in the thumb sleeve 1; a ratchet ring 11 for realizing the unidirectional rotation of the thumb sleeve 1 is arranged between the thumb sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 7.
The thumb sleeve 1 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 7, and the inner sleeve 7 is used for being sleeved on a thumb; at least two ratchet rings 11 are arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 7, and then the inner wall of the thumb sleeve 1 is connected with the ratchet rings 11. The ratchet ring 11 can realize that the thumb sleeve can only rotate in one direction and can not rotate in the reverse direction, so that when a grinding wheel is used for cutting the ampoule, the thumb sleeve 1 cannot be selected when a force is applied in the reverse direction, and when a working surface is selected, the thumb sleeve can be operated to rotate in the forward direction.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove 3 is provided on the cleaning face; the disinfection piece 4 is fixed in the groove 3 through a clamping frame 5. The disinfection piece is generally cotton gauze material, has alcohol or other medical antiseptic solution above that, and disinfection piece 4 is installed in recess 3 after, need change after having used for a long time.
As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sterilizing sheets 4 are stacked and provided with a plurality of layers. The disinfection piece needs to be changed after being used for a long time, so that multiple layers of disinfection pieces can be placed in the groove 3 at one time, when the uppermost disinfection piece is polluted more and cannot be used, the upper disinfection piece can be removed, and the lower clean disinfection piece is exposed.
As shown in FIGS. 7-8, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratchet ring 11 is composed of an outer ring 111 and an inner ring 112; a pawl 113 is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring 111; ratchet teeth 114 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the inner ring 112.
The outer ring 111 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the thumb sleeve, and the inner ring 112 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner sleeve; so that the thumb sleeve realizes unidirectional rotation adjustment on the inner sleeve. The ratchet 114 and the inner ring 112 can be of an integrated structure, and the pawls 113 are hinged on the inner side surface of the outer ring 111 and can be uniformly distributed; a spring or torsion spring may be provided at the hinge of the pawl 113 so that the pawl 113 is automatically pressed toward the ratchet teeth 114.
As shown in fig. 9-11, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cover plate 8 for covering the upper side of the thumb sleeve 1 is provided on the inner sleeve 7; the housing plate 8 is provided with a liquid medicine cavity 9 for soaking the disinfection sheet 4; the bottom of the liquid medicine cavity 9 is provided with a transverse notch, and a roller 10 is arranged in the notch.
The cross section of the cover plate 8 is arc-shaped, and the radian is matched with the thumb sleeve 1; can add medical alcohol in the liquid medicine chamber 9, when stirring 1 rotations of thumb stall, disinfection piece 4 rubs with cylinder 10 when 9 bottoms in liquid medicine chamber for cylinder 10 is rotatory, then derives the alcohol in the liquid medicine chamber 9 and contact with disinfection piece 4, makes alcohol disinfect the cleanness to the disinfection piece.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drum 10 is made of cotton. The cotton roller 10 can absorb more alcohol, so that the alcohol disinfectant in the liquid medicine cavity can be better smeared on the disinfection sheet.
In order to prevent the grinding wheel groove 81 from interfering with the liquid medicine cavity 9, as a preferred embodiment of the invention, the grinding wheel 2 and the disinfection plate 4 are arranged in a front-back staggered manner; and a grinding wheel groove 81 matched with the grinding wheel 2 is formed in the inner side surface of the cover plate 8. The width of the grinding wheel groove 81 is slightly larger than the thickness of the grinding wheel 2, so that the grinding wheel 2 can smoothly pass through, and meanwhile, part of stains and glass scraps on the grinding wheel 2 can be clearly removed; a sponge may be provided in the wheel groove 81.
Since the present invention requires the thumb and forefinger to operate, in order to reduce skin damage to the forefinger, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a forefinger sleeve 12 is further included; the outer wall of the index finger sleeve 12 is provided with anti-skid grains 6.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to improve the fixing firmness of the grinding wheel 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grinding wheel 2 is fixed on a mounting plate 21; the mounting plate 21 is embedded on the thumb sleeve 1.
The invention has the specific working principle that:
poking the thumb sleeve 1 with a forefinger to rotate so that the disinfection sheet 4 is positioned on the bottom surface of the thumb, matching the thumb with the thumb sleeve with the forefinger with the index finger sleeve, and disinfecting the surface of the ampoule bottle by using the disinfection sheet 4;
poking the thumb sleeve 1 by using a forefinger to rotate so that the grinding wheel sheet 2 is positioned on the bottom surface of the thumb, then matching the thumb with the thumb sleeve with the forefinger with the index sleeve, and cutting an annular mark on the surface of the ampoule bottle by using the grinding wheel sheet 2;
the thumb sleeve 1 is shifted by the forefinger to rotate, so that the anti-skid surface is positioned on the bottom surface of the thumb, and then the thumb with the thumb sleeve is matched with the forefinger sleeve to break the bottle mouth of the ampoule bottle.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The medical ampoule bottle opener is characterized by comprising a thumb sleeve (1), wherein three working surfaces, namely a grinding wheel surface, an anti-skid surface and a scrubbing surface, are uniformly distributed on the thumb sleeve (1) in an annular shape; the grinding wheel surface is provided with an arc-shaped grinding wheel piece (2); the face scrubbing surface is provided with a disinfection sheet (4); and the anti-skid surface is provided with anti-skid grains (6).
2. The medical ampoule bottle opener according to claim 1, characterized in that an inner sleeve (7) is arranged in the thumb sleeve (1); a ratchet ring (11) for realizing the unidirectional rotation of the thumb sleeve (1) is arranged between the thumb sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (7).
3. The medical ampoule bottle opener according to claim 1, wherein a groove (3) is provided on the cleaning face; the disinfection piece (4) is fixed in the groove (3) through the clamping frame (5).
4. A medical ampoule opener according to claim 3, characterized in that the sterilizing sheets (4) are arranged in a stack in layers.
5. The medical ampoule opener according to claim 2, characterized in that the ratchet ring (11) consists of an outer ring (111) and an inner ring (112); a pawl (113) is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring (111); ratchets (114) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the inner ring (112).
6. The medical ampoule bottle opener according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner sleeve (7) is provided with a cover plate (8) for covering the thumb sleeve (1); the housing plate (8) is provided with a liquid medicine cavity (9) for soaking the disinfection sheet (4); the bottom of the liquid medicine cavity (9) is provided with a transverse notch, and a roller (10) is arranged in the notch.
7. The medical ampoule opener according to claim 6, characterized in that the drum (10) is cotton.
8. The medical ampoule bottle opener according to claim 6, wherein the grinding wheel (2) and the disinfection plate (4) are arranged in a front-back staggered manner; and the inner side surface of the cover plate (8) is provided with a grinding wheel groove (81) matched with the grinding wheel (2).
9. The medical ampoule opener according to claim 1, further comprising a fingerstall (12); the outer wall of the index finger sleeve (12) is provided with anti-skid grains (6).
10. The medical ampoule bottle opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding wheel (2) is fixed on a mounting plate (21); the mounting plate (21) is embedded on the thumb sleeve (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010363423.5A CN111573588B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Medical ampoule bottle opener |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010363423.5A CN111573588B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Medical ampoule bottle opener |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111573588A true CN111573588A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
| CN111573588B CN111573588B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
Family
ID=72115170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010363423.5A Active CN111573588B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Medical ampoule bottle opener |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111573588B (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130193180A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Spectra Medical Devices, Inc. | Ampoule breakage device and methods of operation |
| KR20140019567A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-02-17 | 인제대학교 산학협력단 | Ampule cutting apparas |
| CN203683045U (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-07-02 | 青岛市市立医院 | Fingerstall type injection bottle opener |
| CN205061521U (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2016-03-02 | 张蓉 | Medical sand saw dactylotheca |
| CN106946203A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-14 | 郇晶晶 | A kind of sterile open method of medical ampoule bottle and device |
| CN206607011U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-11-03 | 安徽医学高等专科学校 | A kind of medical ampoule finger cap |
| CN207046817U (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-02-27 | 汤阴恒润昌医疗器材有限公司 | Anti-pollution ampoule bottle bottle opener |
| CN208054876U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-11-06 | 上海市肺科医院 | A kind of folding ampoule bottle gloves |
| CN110357016A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 朱世新 | A kind of medical ampoule bottle safety standard opener and its application method |
| CN209815636U (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-12-20 | 扬中市人民医院 | Safety type breaking-off and cutting-open device capable of scraping grinding wheel for disinfecting and cutting-open bottle mouth simultaneously |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202010363423.5A patent/CN111573588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130193180A1 (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Spectra Medical Devices, Inc. | Ampoule breakage device and methods of operation |
| KR20140019567A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-02-17 | 인제대학교 산학협력단 | Ampule cutting apparas |
| CN203683045U (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-07-02 | 青岛市市立医院 | Fingerstall type injection bottle opener |
| CN205061521U (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2016-03-02 | 张蓉 | Medical sand saw dactylotheca |
| CN206607011U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-11-03 | 安徽医学高等专科学校 | A kind of medical ampoule finger cap |
| CN106946203A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-14 | 郇晶晶 | A kind of sterile open method of medical ampoule bottle and device |
| CN207046817U (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-02-27 | 汤阴恒润昌医疗器材有限公司 | Anti-pollution ampoule bottle bottle opener |
| CN208054876U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-11-06 | 上海市肺科医院 | A kind of folding ampoule bottle gloves |
| CN209815636U (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-12-20 | 扬中市人民医院 | Safety type breaking-off and cutting-open device capable of scraping grinding wheel for disinfecting and cutting-open bottle mouth simultaneously |
| CN110357016A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 朱世新 | A kind of medical ampoule bottle safety standard opener and its application method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111573588B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN204972368U (en) | Surgical nursing apparatus cleaning and disinfection ware | |
| CN111573588B (en) | Medical ampoule bottle opener | |
| CN103288023B (en) | Folding instrument is broken in ampoule cutting | |
| CN106730288A (en) | Doser cleans in a kind of gynemetrics | |
| CN204938932U (en) | A kind of medical ampoule helps folding device | |
| CN205514951U (en) | Paediatrics medical treatment traumatism treater | |
| CN211044203U (en) | Anti-infection touch pen | |
| CN212141148U (en) | Injection type disposable disinfection brush bag | |
| CN219031726U (en) | Ampoule bottle opening device | |
| CN201703609U (en) | Opener for paper-covered medical cotton swabs | |
| CN217838341U (en) | Make things convenient for medical dactylotheca of nurse's operation | |
| CN2766830Y (en) | Bottle capable of accommodating sterilizing cotton swabs | |
| CN214912569U (en) | Water control tweezers | |
| CN2936258Y (en) | Medical sterilizing barrel | |
| CN218434836U (en) | Novel medical finger stall | |
| CN213047706U (en) | Alcohol square-head cotton swab for disinfecting positive-pressure joint | |
| CN211155341U (en) | Thermos bottle cap capable of preventing cross infection and scald | |
| CN213250325U (en) | Special cotton swab for ophthalmology | |
| CN220778740U (en) | Therapeutic pipeline external port omnibearing disinfection wiping device | |
| CN215022891U (en) | Disposable infusion joint disinfection cotton piece | |
| CN215756332U (en) | Novel ampoule breaks disconnected with fingers and thumb device | |
| CN212437789U (en) | Work auxiliary table for general surgery department nursing | |
| CN212334553U (en) | Dispensing fingerstall | |
| CN211355922U (en) | Multifunctional nursing tray | |
| CN214595870U (en) | ECG monitor with accomodate function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |