CN111570741B - Casting blank quality control method combining continuous casting process and soft reduction technology - Google Patents
Casting blank quality control method combining continuous casting process and soft reduction technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111570741B CN111570741B CN202010318464.2A CN202010318464A CN111570741B CN 111570741 B CN111570741 B CN 111570741B CN 202010318464 A CN202010318464 A CN 202010318464A CN 111570741 B CN111570741 B CN 111570741B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
Abstract
The invention relates to a casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology, belonging to the technical field of continuous casting in the metallurgical industry. The technical scheme is as follows: (1) quantitative control of the shrinkage compensation area under light pressure and the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure; (2) quantitatively calculating the shrinkage of the casting blank; (3) a strong cooling process in a soft reduction area; (4) a proper superheat degree casting process; (5) and (4) quantitatively dispensing under a light press. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method corrects the traditional technical bias, does not need any cost investment and technical transformation, well controls the segregation and the loosening defects of the core part of the casting blank, gives consideration to the stress of continuous casting machine equipment, and prolongs the service life of the continuous casting machine equipment. The reduction efficiency is improved by more than 30 percent, the segregation and loose defects of the core part of the casting blank are controlled to be less than 0.01 percent, and the service life of equipment in a reduction area is prolonged by more than 2 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology, belonging to the technical field of continuous casting in the metallurgical industry.
Background
In the continuous casting production, the segregation and the looseness of the casting blank have important influence on the quality and the performance of the plate, particularly the quality and the performance of high-grade inferior steel. The dynamic soft reduction technology inhibits the enrichment of segregation elements by reducing and shrinking the liquid core at the solidification tail end, compensates the solidification shrinkage, controls and reduces the occurrence of center segregation, and can effectively improve the internal quality of a casting blank. However, the solidification shrinkage and deformation of the casting blank are a complex process, the existing soft reduction technology only focuses on the parameter optimization of the soft reduction technology (including reduction, reduction interval, reduction distribution and the like), and ignores the important influence of the continuous casting process on the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank, so that the effects of improving the center compactness of the casting blank and relieving the center macrosegregation are not obvious.
Therefore, the proper soft reduction process needs to be comprehensively considered from two aspects of a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology, on one hand, the continuous casting process is used for accurately controlling the structure of the casting blank and the volume shrinkage of a mushy zone, on the other hand, the soft reduction technology is used for controlling the soft reduction amount and the solidification shrinkage amount, and the soft reduction rate and the solidification shrinkage rate to be accurately matched, so that the casting blank is ensured to generate enough mushy zone reduction amount in the soft reduction process, the body shrinkage of the center of the casting blank is supplemented, the occurrence of center segregation is controlled and reduced, and the internal quality of the casting blank is effectively improved.
However, how to reasonably match the continuous casting process with the soft reduction technology to improve the internal quality of the casting blank is still one of the technical problems which plague the current continuous casting production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology, which corrects the traditional technical bias and parameter quantification control by combining the continuous casting process optimization and the soft reduction technology optimization, does not need any cost investment and technical transformation, greatly improves the reduction efficiency and the process effect of the existing soft reduction technology, well controls the segregation and loosening defects of a casting blank core part, considers the stress of continuous casting equipment and prolongs the service life of the continuous casting equipment. The reduction efficiency is improved by more than 30 percent, the segregation and porosity defects of the core part of the casting blank are controlled to be less than 0.01 percent, the service life of equipment in a reduction area is prolonged by more than 2 times, and the problems in the background technology are effectively solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) quantitative control of the shrinkage compensation area under light pressure and the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure; (2) quantitatively calculating the shrinkage of the casting blank; (3) a strong cooling process in a soft reduction area; (4) a proper superheat degree casting process; (5) and (4) quantitatively dispensing under a light press.
The quantitative control of the soft-reduction shrinkage compensation area and the soft-reduction liquid core reflux area in the step (1) divides the soft-reduction area into a soft-reduction shrinkage compensation area (fs <0.3 and fs > 0.8) and a soft-reduction liquid core reflux area (fs = 0.3-0.8), and the reduction starting position of the soft-reduction liquid core reflux area is as close to the critical feeding solid phase rate fs =0.3 as possible (V-shaped segregation begins to form); the pressing end position of the liquid core reverse flow region under light pressure is as close as possible to the critical flow solid phase ratio fs =0.8 (a-shaped segregation starts to form).
The casting blank in the step (2) is contractedQuantitative calculation of the amount, the quantitative relation between the shrinkage when the casting blank is solidified and the carbon content d of the steel grade is that the steel grade is low-carbon steel, and when the carbon equivalent is less than 0.08, the calculation formula
(ii) a When the steel is peritectic steel and the carbon equivalent is 0.08-0.14, the calculation formula
(ii) a The steel grade is medium carbon steel, when the carbon equivalent is more than 0.14-0.20, the calculation formula
(ii) a The calculation formula is that the steel grade is high carbon steel and the carbon equivalent is more than 0.20
。
The forced cooling process of the soft reduction area in the step (3) is to enable the temperature difference between the surface of the casting blank and the core part of the casting blank to be equal to or larger than 550 ℃, achieve the effect of differential temperature rolling when the casting blank is subjected to soft reduction, improve the reduction efficiency, enable the surface of the casting blank to have a quenching layer structure of equal to or larger than 10mm and avoid secondary stress cracking of the casting blank in the subsequent process.
The proper superheat degree casting process in the step (4) is that the optimum continuous casting molten steel superheat degree range of the light reduction technology is 25 +/-10 ℃, the optimum smaller superheat degree range can be selected for specific steel types, 82B cord steel is slightly higher in superheat degree (25-35 ℃), and GCr15 is moderate in superheat degree (20-30 ℃).
In the quantitative distribution relation of the soft reduction in the step (5), when the liquid core of the casting blank is in a semi-liquid state, namely Fs =0.3, the reduction = 20% of the total reduction; and when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-solid state, namely Fs =0.7, the reduction = 80% of the total reduction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the traditional technical bias is corrected by combining the continuous casting process optimization and the soft reduction technology optimization, the parameter quantification control is realized, any cost input and technical transformation are not needed, the reduction efficiency and the process effect of the existing soft reduction technology are greatly improved, the segregation and the loosening defects of the casting blank core part are well controlled, the stress of continuous casting machine equipment is considered, and the service life of the continuous casting machine equipment is prolonged. The reduction efficiency is improved by more than 30 percent, the segregation and loose defects of the core part of the casting blank are controlled to be less than 0.01 percent, and the service life of equipment in a reduction area is prolonged by more than 2 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process and quality control under soft reduction in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the solidification shrinkage of a casting blank and the carbon content of a steel grade according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the light reduction distribution according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a strong-cooling casting blank in a soft reduction area according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a surface structure of a casting blank in a traditional soft reduction area weak cooling process;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of a casting blank by using the soft reduction area strong cooling process of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a small part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) quantitative control of the shrinkage compensation area under light pressure and the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure; (2) quantitatively calculating the shrinkage of the casting blank; (3) a strong cooling process in a soft reduction area; (4) a proper superheat degree casting process; (5) and (4) quantitatively dispensing under a light press.
The quantitative control of the soft-reduction shrinkage compensation area and the soft-reduction liquid core reflux area in the step (1) divides the soft-reduction area into a soft-reduction shrinkage compensation area (fs <0.3 and fs > 0.8) and a soft-reduction liquid core reflux area (fs = 0.3-0.8), and the reduction starting position of the soft-reduction liquid core reflux area is as close to the critical feeding solid phase rate fs =0.3 as possible (V-shaped segregation begins to form); the pressing end position of the liquid core reverse flow region under light pressure is as close as possible to the critical flow solid phase ratio fs =0.8 (a-shaped segregation starts to form).
And (3) quantitatively calculating the shrinkage of the casting blank in the step (2), wherein the quantitative relation between the shrinkage of the casting blank during solidification and the carbon content d of the steel grade is that the steel grade is low-carbon steel, and when the carbon equivalent is less than 0.08, the calculation formula
(ii) a When the steel is peritectic steel and the carbon equivalent is 0.08-0.14, the calculation formula
(ii) a The steel grade is medium carbon steel, when the carbon equivalent is more than 0.14-0.20, the calculation formula
(ii) a The calculation formula is that the steel grade is high carbon steel and the carbon equivalent is more than 0.20
。
The forced cooling process of the soft reduction area in the step (3) is to enable the temperature difference between the surface of the casting blank and the core part of the casting blank to be equal to or larger than 550 ℃, achieve the effect of differential temperature rolling when the casting blank is subjected to soft reduction, improve the reduction efficiency, enable the surface of the casting blank to have a quenching layer structure of equal to or larger than 10mm and avoid secondary stress cracking of the casting blank in the subsequent process.
The proper superheat degree casting process in the step (4) is that the optimum continuous casting molten steel superheat degree range of the light reduction technology is 25 +/-10 ℃, the optimum smaller superheat degree range can be selected for specific steel types, 82B cord steel is slightly higher in superheat degree (25-35 ℃), and GCr15 is moderate in superheat degree (20-30 ℃).
In the quantitative distribution relation of the soft reduction in the step (5), when the liquid core of the casting blank is in a semi-liquid state, namely Fs =0.3, the reduction = 20% of the total reduction; and when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-solid state, namely Fs =0.7, the reduction = 80% of the total reduction.
In practical application, the method comprises the steps of quantitative control of a shrinkage compensation area under light reduction and a liquid core reverse flow area under light reduction, quantitative calculation of casting blank shrinkage, a strong cooling process of the area under light reduction, a proper superheat degree casting process and quantitative distribution of the amount under light reduction, and the specific steps and parameters are as follows:
(1) quantitative control of shrinkage compensation zone under light pressure and liquid core reflux zone under light pressure
According to the invention, a soft-reduction area is divided into a soft-reduction shrinkage compensation area (the fs of the head end and the tail end of the reduction area is less than 0.3 and fs is more than 0.8) and a soft-reduction liquid core reverse flow area (the fs of the middle part of the reduction area is = 0.3-0.8) through research and practice, and the reduction starting position of the soft-reduction liquid core reverse flow area should be as close to the critical feeding solid phase rate fs =0.3 (V-shaped segregation begins to form); the depressing end position of the liquid core reverse flow region under light pressure should be as close as possible to the critical flow solid phase ratio fs =0.8 (a-shaped segregation starts to form). Theoretical research proves that the optimal soft reduction liquid core backflow area between the central segregation of the casting blank and the internal cracks of the casting blank is fs = 0.3-0.8, and the rest areas are harmful areas, as shown in figure 1. The compensation area is used for carrying out necessary compensation on the solidification shrinkage of the center of the casting blank under the soft reduction; the reverse flow area is slightly pressed down, so that the concentrated molten steel at the center of the casting blank flows reversely, and the enrichment of segregation elements is reduced.
(2) Quantitative calculation of casting blank solidification shrinkage
The practice of the invention shows that the shrinkage of the solidified casting blank has a close relationship with the carbon content of the steel grade, as shown in figure 2. Theoretical research and practical verification show that the quantitative relation between the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank and the carbon content of the steel is obtained, and the following table shows. The reduction under light pressure is basically consistent with the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank, and the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank is well compensated.
(3) Strong cooling process for area under light pressure
The invention is proved by research and practiceAlthough the prior traditional technology of weak cooling of the soft reduction area can improve the surface temperature of the casting blank in the soft reduction area and prevent the surface temperature of the casting blank from falling into the second sensitive crack of the steel
In the brittle region, the weak cooling of a soft reduction region leads the columnar crystal structure of the casting blank to be developed, and the reduction efficiency is low; and the equiaxed crystal structure of the surface quenching layer of the casting blank is too thin, so that the secondary stress cracking of the casting blank in the subsequent process is caused. The invention changes the soft reduction area into a strong cooling process: the temperature difference between the surface of the casting blank and the core of the casting blank is not less than 550 ℃, the effect of differential temperature rolling is achieved when the casting blank is reduced, and the reduction efficiency is improved by more than 30%. And the surface of the casting blank has a quenching layer structure of not less than 10mm by the forced cooling process, so that the secondary stress cracking of the casting blank in the subsequent process is avoided.
(4) Casting process with proper superheat degree
The existing continuous casting classical theory considers that: the lower the superheat degree of the continuous casting molten steel is, the lighter the center segregation of the continuous casting slab is. However, long-term theoretical research and production practice prove that: when the superheat degree is low, although the equiaxed grain structure of the center of the casting blank is developed, the density of the central equiaxed grain region is reduced (dendrite spacing is increased), and segregation points are distributed in the whole equiaxed grain region, so that the distribution range of the segregation points is wide, and the center segregation of the casting blank is more serious; under the same light pressure condition, the superheat degree is properly improved, columnar crystals are developed, but isometric crystal regions in the center are more compact (the center solidification time is shorter, the dendrite spacing is smaller), segregation is reduced, and center segregation points are distributed in a narrow range of the center, so that the uniformity of the solute concentration of steel in the thickness direction is improved, and the problems of difficult floating of inclusions in molten steel, poor melting of protective slag, nodulation of a tundish nozzle, even pouring interruption and the like caused by too low pouring temperature can be avoided. Therefore, the optimal continuous casting molten steel superheat degree range under the soft reduction technology is 25 +/-10 ℃, the optimal smaller superheat degree range can be selected for specific steel types, for example, 82B cord steel is higher in superheat degree (25-35 ℃) and GCr15 is moderate in superheat degree (20-30 ℃).
(5) Dosing at light depression
The distribution of the soft reduction of the traditional soft reduction technology is basically dependent on experience, and the scientific quantitative distribution relation is lacked, so that the quantitative distribution relation of the soft reduction is obtained through research and practice: when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-liquid state, namely Fs =0.3, the reduction = 20% of the total reduction; when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-solid state, namely Fs =0.7, the reduction = 80% of the total reduction, the segregation and loosening defects of the casting blank core are well controlled, the stress of continuous casting machine equipment is considered, and the service life of the continuous casting machine equipment is prolonged.
The invention is further illustrated by way of example in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method is characterized in that the super-high carbon 82B cord steel is produced in our factory, and the sector sections 6, 7 and 8 of a continuous casting machine with fs = 0.3-0.8 in a liquid core backflow area under light pressure; front segment fs of 6 th, 7 th and 8 th segments of continuous casting machine<0.3 and a rear sector fs>0.8 is a shrinkage compensation area under light reduction, wherein the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank is determined according to
The formula calculates (D is the thickness of the cast slab). The superheat degree of molten steel in a continuous casting tundish is 25-35 ℃, the total soft reduction of a casting blank is 6mm, and the distribution relation of the reductions is shown in figure 3. The strong cooling process in the soft reduction area comprises the steps of casting blank surface temperature of 500-550 ℃, casting blank center temperature of 1200-1250 ℃, and a quenching layer with the thickness of about 20mm on the casting blank surface layer, as shown in figure 4. The comparison of the casting blank surface structure and the traditional weak cooling process in the soft reduction area is shown in the comparison of fig. 5 and fig. 6, the casting blank surface structure is obviously refined, the secondary stress cracking resistance of the casting blank in the subsequent process is greatly improved, the final inspection result shows that the center segregation and the porosity grade of the casting blank are all qualified, and the internal quality qualification rate of the casting blank is improved to more than 99.99 percent from 94.50 percent in the past.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, and the invention is therefore not to be limited to the embodiments illustrated herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. A casting blank quality control method combining a continuous casting process and a soft reduction technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) quantitative control of the shrinkage compensation area under light pressure and the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure: dividing a light-pressure area into a light-pressure shrinkage compensation area and a light-pressure liquid core reverse flow area, wherein the light-pressure shrinkage compensation area is an area with fs <0.3 and fs >0.8, and the light-pressure liquid core reverse flow area is an area with fs = 0.3-0.8; the pressing starting position of the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure is as close as possible to the critical feeding solid phase rate fs =0.3, namely V-shaped segregation begins to form; the pressing termination position of the liquid core reverse flow area under light pressure is as close as possible to the critical flow solid phase rate fs =0.8, namely A-shaped segregation begins to form;
(2) quantitative calculation of casting blank solidification shrinkage, wherein the quantitative relation between the shrinkage during casting blank solidification and the carbon content d of the steel grade is that the steel grade is low-carbon steel, and when the carbon equivalent is less than 0.08, the calculation formula
(ii) a When the steel is peritectic steel and the carbon equivalent is 0.08-0.14, the calculation formula
(ii) a The steel grade is medium carbon steel, when the carbon equivalent is more than 0.14-0.20, the calculation formula
(ii) a The calculation formula is that the steel grade is high carbon steel and the carbon equivalent is more than 0.20
(ii) a Wherein D is the thickness of a casting blank; the reduction under light pressure is consistent with the solidification shrinkage of the casting blank;
(3) and (3) a strong cooling process of a region under light pressure: the temperature difference between the surface of the casting blank and the core of the casting blank is not less than 550 ℃, the effect of differential temperature rolling is achieved when the casting blank is slightly reduced, the reduction efficiency is improved, and the quenching layer structure with the thickness not less than 10mm is formed on the surface of the casting blank by the forced cooling process, so that the secondary stress cracking of the casting blank in the subsequent process is avoided;
(4) a proper superheat degree casting process, wherein the superheat degree range of continuous casting molten steel of a light reduction technology is 25 +/-10 ℃;
(5) quantitative distribution of soft reduction, wherein the reduction = 20% of the total reduction when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-liquid state, i.e. Fs = 0.3; and when the casting blank liquid core is in a semi-solid state, namely Fs =0.7, the reduction = 80% of the total reduction.
2. The method for controlling the quality of the continuous casting blank by combining the continuous casting process and the soft reduction technology according to claim 1, wherein in the proper superheat degree casting process in the step (4), the superheat degree of the continuous casting molten steel in the soft reduction technology of the 82B cord steel is 25-35 ℃.
3. The method for controlling the quality of the continuous casting blank by combining the continuous casting process and the soft reduction technology according to claim 1, wherein in the proper superheat degree casting process in the step (4), the superheat degree range of the continuous casting molten steel in the GCr15 steel soft reduction technology is 20-30 ℃.
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| JPH01249254A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for continuous casting |
| CN102189237A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-09-21 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | System integration technology for dynamic soft reduction of continuously-cast billet |
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