CN111570547A - Superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gear and forming method thereof - Google Patents

Superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gear and forming method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111570547A
CN111570547A CN202010380847.2A CN202010380847A CN111570547A CN 111570547 A CN111570547 A CN 111570547A CN 202010380847 A CN202010380847 A CN 202010380847A CN 111570547 A CN111570547 A CN 111570547A
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China
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die
cooling water
extrusion
discharging
superplastic forming
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CN202010380847.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
寇生中
丁瑞鲜
李晓诚
孙江龙
杨娜
樊建军
付小强
蒋希来
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Priority to CN202010380847.2A priority Critical patent/CN111570547A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/01—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion starting from material of particular form or shape, e.g. mechanically pre-treated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02—Dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C26/00—Rams or plungers; Discs therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work

Abstract

The invention discloses a superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear and a forming method thereof, and relates to the technical field of metal superplastic deformation, the superplastic forming extrusion die comprises a lower die component and an upper die component, wherein a forming cavity is formed between the lower die component and the upper die component, the superplastic forming extrusion die also comprises an extrusion mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a cooling system which are matched with the forming cavity, the lower die component comprises a lower die plate, a male die base plate and a male die fixing plate which are fixedly arranged from bottom to top, a male die is fixedly arranged on the male die fixing plate through a screw and a pin, the upper die component comprises a female die matched with the male die, the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging plate arranged between the male die and the female die, the discharging plate and the female die are fixedly arranged on the female die, and the male die penetrates through the discharging plate; the invention has better size precision, surface smoothness, strength and wear resistance, and can greatly improve the service life of the amorphous alloy flexible gear product.

Description

Superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gear and forming method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal superplastic deformation, in particular to a superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear and an extrusion grinding tool thereof, which are used for manufacturing the amorphous flexible gear.
Background
The flexible gear is used as the core of the harmonic reducer, is a key part for transmitting power in the harmonic reducer, bears complex alternating stress and friction and wear effects in the service process, is easy to generate fatigue fracture and wear damage, and has high requirements on the performance of the flexible gear. At present, the preparation material of the flexible gear mainly adopts medium carbon alloy steel materials such as 40CrMoNiA, 40CrA, 30CrMoNiA, 38Cr2Mo2VA and the like, and has the mechanical property indexes that: tensile Strength σbNot less than 980MPa, yield strength sigmas835MPa or more, 480MPa or more of fatigue strength, 98J/cm or more of impact toughness value akv2The hardness is less than or equal to 269 HB. Compared with the traditional metal alloy, the amorphous alloy has excellent mechanical properties due to the special microstructure, such as disordered long-range atomic arrangement and short-range order, and no defects of dislocation, grain boundary and the like of a crystal material, for example, the strength of the zirconium-based amorphous alloy is more than twice that of the titanium alloy, the yield strength of the zirconium-based amorphous alloy is 1800-2300 MPa, and the fatigue strength is as high as 1000MPa, which is the traditional metal alloyMetal materials are difficult to reach;
the amorphous alloy has the other characteristic that the amorphous alloy shows superplasticity in a supercooled liquid phase region, a flexible gear forming piece with the size precision and the surface roughness up to the standard is obtained by controlling the precision of a superplastic extrusion die, and the mechanical precision of the flexible gear outer teeth formed by the superplastic amorphous alloy can meet the precision requirement of parts, so that the flexible gear is manufactured in batch by a superplastic forming method by selecting a novel amorphous alloy, and the flexible gear is a feasible and efficient manufacturing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear and an extrusion grinding tool thereof, aiming at solving the technical problem that the flexible gear of the conventional harmonic reducer is easy to generate fatigue fracture and abrasion damage.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear comprises a lower die component and an upper die component, a molding cavity is formed between the lower die component and the upper die component, and the device also comprises an extrusion mechanism, a discharge mechanism and a cooling system which are matched with the molding cavity, the lower die component comprises a lower die plate, a male die backing plate and a male die fixing plate which are fixedly arranged from bottom to top in sequence, the male die fixing plate is provided with a male die through the fastening of a screw and a pin, the upper die component comprises a female die matched with the male die, the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging plate arranged between a male die and a female die, the discharging plate is fixedly arranged on the female die, the male die penetrates through the discharging plate part and extends into the female die, the male die is in clearance fit with the discharging plate, the surface of the male die positioned above the discharging plate is provided with an inward die drawing angle alpha, and the included angle between the surface of the male die and the surface of the male die perpendicular to the discharging plate is formed.
Further, the cooling water system include the multiunit cooling water course that sets up in the die, with multiunit cooling water course one-to-one complex multiunit cooling water subassembly, every group cooling water subassembly is including all including the decurrent U-shaped condenser tube of opening and two straight condenser tubes that correspond with the straight limit section of U-shaped condenser tube, straight condenser tube is partial interference fit and partial threaded connection with the cooling water course of die, the U-shaped condenser tube is interference fit with the cooling water course of die.
Furthermore, the cooling water channel of the female die is small in the middle and large in two ends, and the purpose is to facilitate installation of the straight cooling water pipe and the U-shaped cooling water pipe and reduce the circulating resistance of cooling water, and the diameter of the middle cooling water channel of the female die is the same as the inner diameters of the straight cooling water pipe 7 and the U-shaped cooling water pipe.
Furthermore, 8 straight cooling water pipes are provided, four U-shaped cooling water pipes are provided, every two adjacent straight cooling water pipes form a group and correspond to the U-shaped cooling water pipes one by one, two adjacent groups of straight cooling water pipes are in interference fit with the cooling water channel of the female die, and the other two groups of straight cooling water pipes are in threaded connection with the cooling water channel of the female die, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the formed piece can be taken out from the superplastic forming extrusion die, wherein the straight cooling water pipe and the U-shaped cooling water pipe have cooling water introduced and circulated after the superplastic forming is finished.
Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism comprises an upper die plate positioned above the female die, an extrusion rod fixing plate connected with the lower part of the upper die plate through screws, and an extrusion rod fixedly arranged below the extrusion rod fixing plate, wherein the extrusion rod and the extrusion rod fixing plate are fastened and positioned through screws and pins, an extrusion hole communicated with the forming cavity is formed in the upper part of the female die, and the lower part of the extrusion rod extends into the extrusion hole of the female die and is in clearance fit with the extrusion hole; the upper die plate is connected with the hydraulic machine through screws, and is connected with the discharging plate through discharging screws and discharging nuts so as to achieve the purpose that a formed piece is discharged from the male die.
Further, the value of the draft angle alpha is 1-2 degrees.
Further, the contact surface of the male die and the stripper is a first parting surface for unloading the formed piece from the male die, and the contact surface of the female die and the stripper is a second parting surface for taking the formed piece out of the extrusion die.
A superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing materials: preparing an amorphous alloy bar blank, and performing polishing and polishing on a surface oxide skin;
step 2, plastic forming: loading the amorphous alloy bar blank processed in the step 1 into a male die and a female die of a superplastic forming extrusion die, adjusting and fixing the dies to ensure the center of a position induction coil of the amorphous alloy bar blank, driving an extrusion rod to descend at a proper speed at a constant speed by a press machine when the temperature rises to a proper supercooled liquid region temperature until superplastic deformation is finished, and continuously blowing argon until cooling is finished;
and 3, cooling to finish the first forming: introducing cooling water after the treatment of the step 2, circulating through the straight cooling water pipe, the female die and the U-shaped cooling water pipe, cooling in the extrusion rod in pressure maintaining, and forming a superplastic forming piece after complete cooling;
step 4, taking a piece for the first time: after the cooling is completed, the discharging screw is provided with the discharging nut, the upper die of the press machine is provided with the discharging plate to move upwards together, the first parting surface is separated, and the superplastic forming piece is pulled out from the male die; suspending an upper die of the press machine, unscrewing a connecting screw between the female die and the stripper plate, continuously ascending the upper die of the press machine to a preset height, separating a second parting surface, taking out the superplastic forming piece from the superplastic forming extrusion die, and finishing a forming process;
step 5, secondary forming: and repeating the steps 2 to 4 to complete the secondary molding of the superplastic forming piece.
And 6, taking out the superplastic forming part to finish the work.
Further, before the forming process in the step 2, argon is continuously blown to the superplastic forming extrusion die for about 1-2 min, so that the oxygen content and the water vapor content in the local space are reduced.
Further, during the whole forming process, argon gas is continuously blown to the superplastic forming extrusion die, so that the oxidation and crystallization of a formed part are prevented.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has simple structure, compared with the traditional steel material, the flexible wheel manufacturing material selected by the invention is zirconium-based amorphous alloy with excellent performances such as high strength, high elasticity, high wear resistance and the like, has higher yield strength and fatigue strength, is more reasonable flexible wheel material selection, and has the other characteristic that the super plasticity is shown in a super-cooling liquid phase area, the flexible wheel forming piece with the standard size precision and surface roughness is obtained by controlling the precision of a super-plastic extrusion die, in addition, the defects such as internal shrinkage holes and the like are eliminated inside the super-plastic forming piece, the strength and the wear resistance of the product are further improved, the amorphous alloy flexible wheel manufactured by the invention has better size precision, surface smoothness, strength and wear resistance, the service life of the amorphous alloy flexible wheel product can be greatly prolonged, and the process scheme is a near-net forming process, namely in the subsequent processing process, only a small amount of processing is needed, so that the processing cost and the raw material cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a superplastic forming member;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a superplastic forming process;
reference numerals: the die comprises a lower die plate, a discharging nut, a male die cushion plate, a male die fixing plate, a male die, a discharging plate, a straight cooling water pipe, a female die, a U-shaped cooling water pipe, a squeezing rod fixing plate, a male die fixing plate, a female die fixing plate, a male die fixing plate, a female die fixing plate, a U-shaped cooling water pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally arranged when products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operated, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the embodiment provides a superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear, which includes a lower die assembly and an upper die assembly, wherein a forming cavity is formed between the lower die assembly and the upper die assembly, and further includes an extrusion mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a cooling system which are matched with the forming cavity, the superplastic forming extrusion die is characterized in that the lower die assembly includes a lower die plate 1, a punch backing plate 3 and a punch fixing plate 4 which are sequentially and fixedly arranged from bottom to top, a punch 5 is fixedly arranged on the punch fixing plate 4 through a screw and a pin, the upper die assembly includes a die 8 matched with the punch 5, the discharging mechanism includes a discharging plate 6 arranged between the punch 5 and the die 8, the discharging plate 6 is fixedly arranged on the die 8, the punch 5 penetrates through the discharging plate 6 and partially extends into the die 8, the punch 5 and the discharging plate 6 are in clearance fit, the surface of the male die 5 above the stripper plate 6 has an inward draft angle α, the value of which is 2 °.
The cooling water system include the multiunit cooling water course that sets up in die 8, with multiunit cooling water course one-to-one complex multiunit cold water subassembly, every group cold water subassembly is including all including the decurrent U-shaped condenser tube 9 of opening and two straight condenser tubes 7 that correspond with the straight limit section of U-shaped condenser tube 9, straight condenser tube 7 is partial interference fit and partial threaded connection with the cooling water course of die 8, U-shaped condenser tube 9 is interference fit with the cooling water course of die 8.
The cooling water channel of the female die 8 is small in the middle and large in two ends, and the purpose is to facilitate installation of the straight cooling water pipe 7 and the U-shaped cooling water pipe 9 and reduce the circulating resistance of cooling water, and the diameter of the middle cooling water channel of the female die 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the straight cooling water pipe 7 and the inner diameter of the U-shaped cooling water pipe 9.
8 straight cooling water pipes 7 are provided, four U-shaped cooling water pipes 9 are provided, every two adjacent straight cooling water pipes 7 form a group and correspond to the U-shaped cooling water pipes 9 one by one, wherein the cooling water channels of two adjacent straight cooling water pipes 7 and the female die 8 are in interference fit, and the cooling water channels of the other two groups of straight cooling water pipes 7 and the female die 8 are in threaded connection, so that the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; ensuring that the shaped article can be removed from the superplastic forming extrusion die.
The extrusion mechanism comprises an upper die plate 12 positioned above the female die 8, an extrusion rod fixing plate 11 connected below the upper die plate 12 through screws, and an extrusion rod (10) fixedly arranged below the extrusion rod fixing plate 11, wherein the extrusion rod 10 and the extrusion rod fixing plate 11 are fastened and positioned through screws and pins, an extrusion hole communicated with the forming cavity is formed above the female die 8, and the lower part of the extrusion rod 10 extends into the extrusion hole of the female die 8 and is in clearance fit with the extrusion hole; the upper template 12 is connected with the hydraulic machine through screws, the upper template 12 is connected with the discharging plate 6 through the discharging screws 13 and the discharging nuts 2, so that the formed piece is discharged from the male die 5, the discharging screws 13 and the discharging nuts 2 are matched only when discharging, and the discharging screws 13 and the discharging nuts 2 are irrelevant at other moments.
The contact surface of the male die 5 and the stripper 6 is a first parting surface for unloading the formed piece from the male die 5, and the contact surface of the female die 8 and the stripper 6 is a second parting surface for taking the formed piece out of the extrusion die.
In the invention, a lower template 1, a discharging nut 2, a male die backing plate 3 and a male die are fixedThe fixed plate 4, the male die 5, the discharging plate 6, the straight cooling water pipe 7, the female die 8, the U-shaped cooling water pipe 9, the extrusion rod 10, the extrusion rod fixing plate 11, the upper die plate 12 and the discharging screw 13 are all made of hot-working die steel (5 Cr)4W5Mo2V) manufacturing and forming.
As shown in fig. 1, the black filler in the concave die 8 is the amorphous alloy rod after extrusion forming; the position of the pressing lever 10 is a pressing initial position.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific dimensions of the superplastic extrusion are: the total height is 36 mm; upper end (exposed core) diameter 20mm, high 10mm is connected with middle section 2mm fillet, and middle section external diameter 26mm, lower extreme boss diameter are 27mm, high 8mm, and inner chamber lower extreme diameter is 24.5mm, and it is 23.2mm to upwards expand the degree of depth with the axis inclination for 2.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, a superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing materials: preparing an amorphous alloy bar blank, and performing polishing and polishing on a surface oxide skin;
step 2, plastic forming: loading the amorphous alloy bar blank processed in the step 1 into a male die 5 and a female die 8 of a superplastic forming extrusion die, adjusting and fixing the dies to ensure the center of a position induction coil of the amorphous alloy bar blank, giving a 0.1KN pre-pressure to the alloy amorphous alloy bar blank, starting to blow argon, after 2min, electrifying and heating the induction coil, driving an extrusion rod 10 to descend at a proper constant speed by a press machine when the temperature rises to a proper supercooled liquid region temperature until superplastic deformation is finished, and continuously blowing argon until cooling is finished;
and 3, cooling to finish the first forming: introducing cooling water after the treatment of the step 2, circulating through the straight cooling water pipe 7, the female die 8 and the U-shaped cooling water pipe 9, cooling down in the pressure maintaining process of the extrusion rod 10, and forming a superplastic forming piece after complete cooling;
step 4, taking a piece for the first time: after complete cooling, the discharging screw 13 with the upper discharging nut 2, the upper die of the press with the discharging plate 6 move upwards together, the first parting surfaces are separated, and the superplastic forming piece is pulled out from the male die 5; suspending an upper die of the press machine, unscrewing a connecting screw between the female die 8 and the stripper 6, continuously ascending the upper die of the press machine to a preset height, separating a second parting surface, taking out the superplastic forming piece from the superplastic forming extrusion die, and finishing a forming process;
step 5, secondary forming: and repeating the steps 2 to 4 to complete the secondary molding of the superplastic forming piece.
And 6, taking out the superplastic forming part to finish the work.
And (3) continuously blowing argon for about 1-2 min before the forming process in the step (2) to reduce the oxygen content and the water vapor content in the local space.
In the whole forming process, argon is continuously blown to the superplastic forming extrusion die, so that the oxidation and crystallization of a formed part are prevented.

Claims (10)

1. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing the amorphous flexible gear comprises a lower die component and an upper die component, wherein a forming cavity is formed between the lower die component and the upper die component, and the superplastic forming extrusion die further comprises an extrusion mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a cooling system which are matched with the forming cavity, and is characterized in that the lower die component comprises a lower die plate (1), a male die base plate (3) and a male die fixing plate (4) which are sequentially and fixedly arranged from bottom to top, a male die (5) is fixedly arranged on the male die fixing plate (4) through screws and pins, the upper die component comprises a female die (8) matched with the male die (5), the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging plate (6) arranged between the male die (5) and the female die (8), the discharging plate (6) is fixedly arranged on the female die (8), and the male die (5) penetrates through the discharging plate (6) and partially extends into the female die (8), the male die (5) is in clearance fit with the stripper plate (6), and the surface of the male die (5) above the stripper plate (6) has an inward die drawing angle alpha.
2. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous soft gears according to claim 1, wherein said water cooling system comprises a plurality of groups of cooling water channels arranged in the female die (8), and a plurality of groups of water cooling assemblies in one-to-one fit with the plurality of groups of cooling water channels, each group of water cooling assemblies comprises a U-shaped cooling water pipe (9) with a downward opening and two straight cooling water pipes (7) corresponding to straight edge sections of the U-shaped cooling water pipe (9), the straight cooling water pipes (7) and the cooling water channels of the female die (8) are in partial interference fit and partial threaded connection, and the U-shaped cooling water pipes (9) and the cooling water channels of the female die (8) are in interference fit.
3. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous soft gears according to claim 2, wherein the cooling water channel of the female die (8) is small in the middle and large in both ends, for the purpose of facilitating the installation of the straight cooling water pipe (7) and the U-shaped cooling water pipe (9), and for the purpose of reducing the circulation resistance of the cooling water, the diameter of the middle cooling water channel of the female die (8) is the same as the inner diameter of the straight cooling water pipe (7) and the U-shaped cooling water pipe (9).
4. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous soft gears according to claim 2, wherein 8 straight cooling water pipes (7) are provided, four U-shaped cooling water pipes (9) are provided, every two adjacent straight cooling water pipes (7) form a group and correspond to the U-shaped cooling water pipes (9) one by one, wherein two adjacent groups of straight cooling water pipes (7) are in interference fit with a cooling water channel of the female die (8), and the other two groups of straight cooling water pipes (7) are in threaded connection with the cooling water channel of the female die (8), so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient; ensuring that the shaped article can be removed from the superplastic forming extrusion die.
5. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gears according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion mechanism comprises an upper die plate (12) positioned above the female die (8), an extrusion rod fixing plate (11) connected below the upper die plate (12) through screws, and an extrusion rod (10) fixedly arranged below the extrusion rod fixing plate (11), wherein the extrusion rod (10) and the extrusion rod fixing plate (11) are fastened and positioned through screws and pins, an extrusion hole communicated with the forming cavity is arranged above the female die (8), and the lower part of the extrusion rod (10) extends into the extrusion hole of the female die (8) and is in clearance fit with the extrusion hole; the upper template (12) is connected with the hydraulic machine through screws, the upper template (12) is connected with the discharging plate (6) through the discharging screws (13) and the discharging nuts (2) so as to achieve the purpose that the formed piece is discharged from the male die (5), the discharging screws (13) and the discharging nuts (2) have a matching relation only when discharging is carried out, and the discharging screws and the discharging nuts are irrelevant at other times.
6. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear according to claim 1, wherein said draft angle α has a value of 1 ° to 2 °.
7. The superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible wheels according to claim 1, wherein the contact surface of the punch (5) and the stripper plate (6) is a first parting surface for removing the formed piece from the punch (5), and the contact surface of the die (8) and the stripper plate (6) is a second parting surface for removing the formed piece from the extrusion die.
8. A superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing materials: preparing an amorphous alloy bar blank, and performing polishing and polishing on a surface oxide skin;
step 2, plastic forming: loading the amorphous alloy bar blank processed in the step 1 on a male die (5) and a female die (8) of a superplastic forming extrusion die, adjusting and fixing the die to ensure the center of a position induction coil of the amorphous alloy bar blank, driving an extrusion rod (10) to descend at a constant speed at a proper speed by a press machine when the temperature rises to a proper supercooled liquid region temperature until superplastic deformation is finished, and continuously blowing argon until cooling is finished;
and 3, cooling to finish the first forming: introducing cooling water after the treatment of the step 2, circulating through a straight cooling water pipe (7), a female die (8) and a U-shaped cooling water pipe (9), cooling in pressure maintaining of an extrusion rod (10), and forming a superplastic forming piece after complete cooling;
step 4, taking a piece for the first time: after the cooling is completed, the discharging screw (13) is provided with the discharging nut (2), the upper die of the press machine is provided with the discharging plate (6) to move upwards together, the first parting surface is separated, and the superplastic forming piece is pulled out from the male die (5); the upper die of the press machine is suspended, the connecting screw between the female die (8) and the stripper plate (6) is unscrewed, the upper die of the press machine continuously moves to the preset height, the second parting surface is separated, the superplastic forming piece is taken out of the superplastic forming extrusion die, and the forming process is completed;
step 5, secondary forming: and repeating the steps 2 to 4 to complete the secondary molding of the superplastic forming piece.
And 6, taking out the superplastic forming part to finish the work.
9. The superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear according to claim 8, wherein argon gas is continuously blown into the superplastic forming extrusion die for about 1-2 min before the forming process in step 2, so as to reduce the oxygen content and the water vapor content in the local space.
10. The superplastic forming method for manufacturing an amorphous flexible gear according to claim 8, wherein argon gas is continuously blown to the superplastic forming extrusion die during the whole forming process, so as to prevent the oxidation and crystallization of the formed piece.
CN202010380847.2A 2020-05-08 2020-05-08 Superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gear and forming method thereof Pending CN111570547A (en)

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CN202010380847.2A CN111570547A (en) 2020-05-08 2020-05-08 Superplastic forming extrusion die for manufacturing amorphous flexible gear and forming method thereof

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CN112605142A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-06 兰州理工大学 Super-cooling liquid phase region superplasticity near-net forming die and method for amorphous flexible gear

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CN109073061A (en) * 2016-05-18 2018-12-21 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Driving member flexible
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CN1861289A (en) * 2006-06-15 2006-11-15 北京科技大学 Equipment for high efficiency drop-forging forming precision parts made of non-crystalline alloy
US20140326366A1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Kuan Wei CHEN Method for making metallic glass and device for making the same
CN109073061A (en) * 2016-05-18 2018-12-21 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Driving member flexible
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CN112605142A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-06 兰州理工大学 Super-cooling liquid phase region superplasticity near-net forming die and method for amorphous flexible gear

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