CN111567729A

CN111567729A - Health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111567729A
Application number: CN202010440543.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘庆
Original assignee: Beijing Yaoshi Congyuan Trading Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Yaoshi Congyuan Trading Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-22
Publication date: 2020-08-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of health-care food, in particular to health-care food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy and a preparation method thereof. The food is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of black quinoa, 8-15 parts of mulberry, 1-2 parts of cinnamon, 5-8 parts of black sesame, 5-8 parts of black date and 6-9 parts of black wolfberry, and can be used for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy to a certain extent.

Description

Health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of health-care food, in particular to health-care food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Diabetic nephropathy is a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is characterized by proteinuria and progressive renal insufficiency, and is a disease seriously harming human health along with the rise of the incidence of diabetes year by year at present, and is one of the leading causes and leading causes of death of end-stage renal disease. However, the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is complex, has the characteristics of rapid development and difficult disease control, and the pathogenesis is not completely clarified so far, and oxidative stress injury generated by continuous high-sugar stimulation is generally considered to be an important link in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Most of them can be treated by western medicine injection, oral medicine or Chinese medicinal decoction.

However, on the one hand, both traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine need to be metabolized through the kidney, and decomposition products are discharged out of the body, which may cause secondary burden or damage to the kidney. On the other hand, some Chinese herbs have renal toxicity. Development of a functional diet having a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy is very promising.

In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy, which can prevent and treat renal function injury to a certain extent.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy, which is simple and convenient to operate.

In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

a health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of black quinoa, 8-15 parts of mulberry, 1-2 parts of cinnamon, 5-8 parts of black sesame, 5-8 parts of black date and 6-9 parts of black wolfberry.

The preparation method of the health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the health food has the advantages that the health food is prepared by reasonably matching the black chenopodium quinoa according to specific nutrition, taking the black chenopodium quinoa and the mulberry as main raw materials, reasonably matching the black chenopodium quinoa and the mulberry with other components, giving consideration to nutrition and taste, playing a role in protecting the kidney from the pathological basis of glycolipid metabolism of diabetes, and playing an important role in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of immunohistochemical staining of mouse kidney tissues in the experimental examples of the present invention: a: a normal group; b: a model group; c: groups of examples.

Detailed Description

Chenopodium quinoa (scientific name: Chenopodium quinoa Willd) classification belongs to Chenopodiaceae, dicotyledonous plant. The annual herbaceous plant is broom-shaped, the plant height is 0.6-3 m, panicle inflorescence and flower amphipathy are achieved, and self-pollination is achieved. Native to the andes mountain area in south america, is a major traditional food for indigenous residents in printed and indigenous countries. Chenopodium quinoa is the only single plant which can meet the basic nutritional requirements of human bodies and is confirmed by the international Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United nations, is formally recommended to be perfect 'full-nutrition food' most suitable for human beings and has the reputation of 'super grain'.

Compared with quinoa with other colors, the black quinoa has the strongest antioxidant activity, contains rich free combined phenolic compounds and betanin, the betanin has very strong free radical scavenging capacity, and the black quinoa is a good dietary source of a single antioxidant such as lutein and tocopherol.

Mulberry (Latin name: mulberry) is also called mulberry fruit, mulberry fruit, and is the fruit of perennial woody plant mulberry of Morus of Moraceae. The mulberry is also called as folk cherry tomato because the mulberry has the characteristics of natural growth and no pollution due to the special growth environment of the mulberry. The mulberry fruit extract contains various functional components such as rutin, anthocyanin, resveratrol and the like, mulberry polysaccharide contained in mulberry has a function of removing hydroxyl free radicals and superoxide anion free radicals and blocking free radical reaction chains, and the mulberry fruit extract contains abundant phenolic substances and pigments, can obviously improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme, and has certain functions of resisting oxidation, preventing cancer, aging, ulcer, virus and the like.

Cinnamon (the scientific name of Latin: Cinnamomum cassia Presl), also called Yugui, Cinnamomum cassia, Jade Tree, Cinnamomum cassia, Pink Tree, Chinese cinnamon, is the dry bark of Cinnamomum cassia of Lauraceae. The traditional Chinese medicine considers that the cinnamon is pungent and sweet in flavor and is strongly hot in nature; entering kidney, spleen, heart and liver meridians; has the effects of tonifying fire, supporting yang, guiding fire to the origin, dispelling cold, relieving pain, and warming and dredging channels and collaterals. Cinnamon mainly contains a plurality of physiological active substances such as cinnamon essential oil, oleoresin, flavonoids, polysaccharides, polyphenols and the like, and has strong oxidation resistance.

Black sesame is a black seed of kenaf of the family benaceae, contains a large amount of fat and protein, and also contains nutritional ingredients such as sugars, vitamin a, vitamin E, lecithin, calcium, iron, chromium and the like, and is listed in the list of homology of medicine and food by the ministry of health due to the unique nutritional and health-care values. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine considers that the black sesame has the functions of tonifying liver and kidney, moistening the five internal organs, benefiting strength, growing muscles and filling brain marrow. The black sesame contains abundant vitamin E, has strong oxidation resistance, and can reduce the generation of free radicals and eliminate aged metabolites.

Black date is named as Jun Qian Zi (Diospyros Iotus Linn), as well as Rou Zao (compendium of materia Medica), milk jujube (Asclepias), Diospyros kaki, clove jujube, etc., in Ebenaceae, Diospyros, deciduous tree. The black date as green food has black fruit, sweet and delicious taste and high nutritive value. The black date is rich in calcium, iron, dietary fiber, pectin and tannin. Tannin belongs to plant polyphenols, and has good antibacterial, antiviral, free radical scavenging, antioxidant, blood lipid reducing, and blood glucose reducing effects.

Lycium ruthenicum Murr, also called Lycium ruthenicum Murr, belongs to perennial wild shrub plants, and is purple black after skin is mature. The product is sweet and juicy, has mild nature, and contains much original anthocyanin plant pigment. Contains rich amino acids, fat, vitamin C, vitamin B1, procyanidine, polysaccharide, total flavone, etc., and has good antioxidant activity and health promotion and medicinal value.

In some embodiments, the raw materials of the food can also comprise 60 parts of black quinoa, 9 parts of mulberry, 1 part of cinnamon, 5 parts of black sesame, 8 parts of black date and 6 parts of black wolfberry in parts by weight; 55 parts of black quinoa, 8 parts of mulberry, 1 part of cinnamon, 6 parts of black sesame, 8 parts of black date and 7 parts of black wolfberry; 50 parts of black quinoa, 9 parts of mulberry, 1 part of cinnamon, 6 parts of black sesame, 8 parts of black date and 8 parts of black wolfberry; 45 parts of black quinoa, 10 parts of mulberry, 2 parts of cinnamon, 8 parts of black sesame, 7 parts of black date and 9 parts of black wolfberry; 40 parts of black quinoa, 13 parts of mulberry, 2 parts of cinnamon, 7 parts of black sesame, 6 parts of black date, 8 parts of black wolfberry and the like (within the range, the result is basically consistent).

In some embodiments, the food product is made from the following raw materials, by weight: 45-55 parts of black quinoa, 10-12 parts of mulberry, 1-2 parts of cinnamon, 6-7 parts of black sesame, 6-7 parts of black date and 6-9 parts of black wolfberry.

In some embodiments, the raw materials of the food can also comprise 58 parts of black quinoa, 10 parts of mulberry, 2 parts of cinnamon, 5 parts of black sesame, 8 parts of black date and 7 parts of black wolfberry in parts by weight; 48 parts of black quinoa, 12 parts of mulberry, 1 part of cinnamon, 6 parts of black sesame, 7 parts of black date and 8 parts of black wolfberry; 40 parts of black quinoa, 11 parts of mulberry, 1 part of cinnamon, 5 parts of black sesame, 6 parts of black date, 9 parts of black wolfberry and the like (within the range, the result is basically consistent).

In some embodiments, the particle size of each raw material in the food product is less than 198 μm.

In some embodiments, the particle size of each raw material in the food product is less than 165 μm.

In some embodiments, the food product further comprises adjuvants and/or additives.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary materials and/or additives account for 1-20% of the food by mass.

In some embodiments, the mass percentage may also be 2%, 5%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 16%, 18%, etc. (results substantially consistent within this range).

In some embodiments, the additive comprises one or more of vegetable oil, sorbitol, xylitol, glucose, maltitol, dibutylhydroxytoluene, t-butyl p-hydroxyanisole, glutathione, ascorbic acid, xanthan gum, gum arabic, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, glycerol monostearate, methylcellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, croscarmellose sodium, sorbic acid, sodium methyl paraben, and benzoic acid.

The additives mentioned above are classified functionally and include diluents, suspending agents, antioxidants, emulsifiers, disintegrants, binders, preservatives and the like.

In some embodiments, the food product is in a dosage form selected from one or more of a powder, a tablet, a capsule, a granule, an oral liquid, a powder, and a teabag.

In some embodiments, the food product is in the form of a powder and/or tablet.

In some embodiments, the tablet comprises a biscuit, a lozenge, or the like.

In some embodiments, the invention is a mixed powder, which can be made into food or health food, and based on the above components, the mixed powder can be directly made into capsules, tablets, granules, oral liquid, powder, tea bags and the like, or can be added with proper edible or medicinal auxiliary materials or additives. The above edible or medicinal adjuvants or additives may include: diluent, suspending agent, antioxidant, emulsifier, disintegrant, adhesive and preservative.

The skilled in the art can select appropriate above adjuvants and/or additives according to the required preparation form and the general technical common knowledge and requirements of the preparation form in the art, on the basis of the above components, the raw material powder or extract is directly or added with appropriate edible or medicinal adjuvants or additives, and the preparation can be prepared according to the conventional preparation technology, and can be made into capsules, tablets, granules, oral liquid, powder, tea bags and the like.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy, which comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials.

In some embodiments, the food product includes adjuvants and/or additives, which are mixed with the raw materials.

In some embodiments, drying is performed after the mixing.

In some embodiments, the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃.

In some embodiments, the drying is spray drying.

In some embodiments, the food product of the invention is consumed in an amount of 75 to 120g per day, based on the weight of the starting material.

In some embodiments, the serving size may also be 80g, 85g, 90g, 95g, 100g, 105g, 110g, 120g, etc. (with substantially uniform results within this range).

The present invention also relates to a method for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy, which comprises administering an effective dose of the above health food to an individual.

In some embodiments, the subject is an animal.

In some embodiments, the subject is a primate.

In some embodiments, the individual is a human.

In some embodiments, the individual also has diabetes.

In some embodiments, the subject is an obese subject.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.

Example 1

Weighing the following raw materials: 60g of black quinoa, 11g of mulberry, 2g of cinnamon, 5g of black sesame, 5g of black date and 7g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 198 microns, and the raw materials are mixed.

Example 2

Weighing the following raw materials: 55g of black quinoa, 10g of mulberry, 1g of cinnamon, 7g of black sesame, 6g of black date and 8g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 165 mu m, the raw materials are added into a granulating pot to be mixed, and tablets are prepared by a tablet press.

Example 3

Weighing the following raw materials: 45g of black quinoa, 15g of mulberry, 1g of cinnamon, 8g of black sesame, 7g of black date and 9g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 165 mu m, 4g of glutathione and ascorbic acid are added, and the mixture is mixed.

Example 4

Weighing the following raw materials: 40g of black quinoa, 14g of mulberry, 2g of cinnamon, 8g of black sesame, 7g of black date and 8g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 165 mu m, and the raw materials are added into a granulating pot to be mixed and packaged to obtain the solid beverage.

Example 5

Weighing the following raw materials: 45g of black quinoa, 13g of mulberry, 2g of cinnamon, 5g of black sesame, 8g of black date and 9g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 165 mu m, and the raw materials are mixed.

Example 6

Weighing the following raw materials: 50g of black quinoa, 15g of mulberry, 2g of cinnamon, 6g of black sesame, 7g of black date and 8g of black wolfberry, wherein the particle size of each raw material is less than 165 mu m, and the raw materials are mixed.

Comparative example 1

The weight of the quinoa and lycium ruthenicum in example 5 was changed to 25g and 20g, respectively, and the total weight of the health food remained unchanged, i.e. the remaining components were increased in equal amounts to ensure that the total weight remained unchanged, and the rest were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 2

The quinoa component of example 5 was deleted, but the total mass of the health food remained unchanged, i.e., the remaining components were increased in equal amounts to ensure that the total mass remained unchanged, and the rest were the same as in example 5.

Comparative example 3

Food products equivalent to those of example 5 of the present application were prepared according to the ratios of the components in the specific embodiment of patent application No. CN 109953258A.

Examples of the experiments

1. Preparation of diabetic nephropathy animal model

Several ICR male mice were selected, and after 4 weeks of normal diet, 11 mice were randomly selected as normal group (normal diet feeding was continued). The other mice were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks, fasted for 12 hours, and then administered with STZ 100mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, and the same volume of citric acid-sodium citrate buffer was given to the normal group. After 7 days, blood is collected from the tail vein of the mouse, and the success of model building of the diabetic nephropathy mouse model is judged according to the condition that the fasting blood sugar is more than 11.1mmol/L and the urine microalbumin is more than 20 mg/L.

2. Grouping and administration method

Mice meeting the diabetic nephropathy model standard are randomly grouped according to blood sugar and weight, and are divided into 11 model groups and 44 kidney-protecting diet groups. Wherein the kidney-protecting diet group was divided into 11 each of the example group, the comparative group 1, the comparative group 2 and the comparative group 3, and each group of mice was administered 3 g/mouse of the food prepared in example 5, the comparative group 1, the comparative group 2 and the comparative group 3 of the present invention each day in the morning, and the high fat diet was administered the remaining time. The normal group was given 6 g/mouse/day of normal diet, and the model group mice were given 6 g/mouse/day of high-fat diet for 6 weeks.

3. Serum index detection and specimen collection and processing

After anesthesia, the mouse is provided with eyeballs and blood, the mouse is stood for 2 hours at room temperature and then centrifuged, and the upper serum is taken to detect the levels of urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). After the mice are sacrificed, bilateral kidneys are taken, surface blood is cleaned by 0.9% physiological saline solution, filter paper is used for sucking residual solution on the surfaces of the kidneys, weighing is carried out, and part of kidney tissues are fixed in formalin solution for subsequent HE staining.

4. Morphological observation of kidney tissue

Taking kidney tissues fixed by formalin solution, dehydrating by ethanol, carrying out xylene transparency, carrying out paraffin embedding, preparing paraffin sections, and observing under a microscope after HE staining.

5. Statistical method

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x ± s). And (3) performing normality test and homogeneity test of variance on the data by using SPSS20.0 software, wherein the two items are in accordance, and performing statistical calculation by adopting One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA). P <0.05 as difference was statistically significant.

6. Results

6.1 comparison of renal function in groups of mice

As can be seen from Table 1, the serum urea nitrogen (BUN) level and creatinine (Cr) level of the mice in the example group were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant, compared to the diabetic nephropathy model group (P < 0.01). Whereas each control group had no significant effect.

TABLE 1 mouse renal function comparison (x + -s; n ═ 11)

Note: in comparison to the set of models,^*P<0.05，^**P<0.01; in comparison with the normal group,^△P＜0.05，^△△P＜0.01。

6.2 comparison of Kidney tissue morphology in groups of mice

Kidneys of mice in the normal group, the example group and the model group were observed under a microscope after HE staining. In the normal group, the kidney was found to be morphologically intact and the glomeruli were regularly arranged with the tubules. In diabetic nephropathy model mice, morphological observation of kidney tissue showed significant glomerular hypertrophy, thickening of capillary basement membrane, proliferation of mesangial stroma, vacuolation of renal tubular epithelial cells. However, the lesion of the kidney injury was significantly reduced in the example group as compared with the model group, indicating that the health food of the present invention significantly reduced the vacuolation of the tubular epithelial cells and the glomerular hypertrophy (the results are shown in FIG. 1, A: normal group; B: model group; C: example group).

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A health food for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of black quinoa, 8-15 parts of mulberry, 1-2 parts of cinnamon, 5-8 parts of black sesame, 5-8 parts of black date and 6-9 parts of black wolfberry.

2. The food product according to claim 1, wherein the food product is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of black quinoa, 10-12 parts of mulberry, 1-2 parts of cinnamon, 6-7 parts of black sesame, 6-7 parts of black date and 6-9 parts of black wolfberry.

3. The food product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of each raw material in the food product is less than 198 μm, preferably less than 165 μm.

4. The food product according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising adjuvants and/or additives.

5. The food according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary materials and/or additives account for 1-20% by mass of the food.

6. The food product of claim 4, wherein the additive comprises one or more of vegetable oil, sorbitol, xylitol, glucose, maltitol, dibutylhydroxytoluene, t-butyl p-hydroxyanisole, glutathione, ascorbic acid, xanthan gum, gum arabic, ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, glycerol monostearate, methylcellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, croscarmellose sodium, sorbic acid, sodium methyl paraben, and benzoic acid.

7. The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is in a dosage form selected from one or more of powder, tablet, capsule, granule, oral liquid, powder and teabag.

8. The food product according to claim 7, wherein the food product is in the form of a powder and/or a tablet.

9. The method for preparing a health food for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: mixing the raw materials.

10. The production method according to claim 9, characterized in that drying is performed after mixing; preferably, the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃;

preferably, the drying is spray drying.