CN111564645A - Sealing element of metal polar plate fuel cell and metal polar plate fuel cell - Google Patents
Sealing element of metal polar plate fuel cell and metal polar plate fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111564645A CN111564645A CN202010468410.4A CN202010468410A CN111564645A CN 111564645 A CN111564645 A CN 111564645A CN 202010468410 A CN202010468410 A CN 202010468410A CN 111564645 A CN111564645 A CN 111564645A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- plate
- sealing
- layer
- seal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a sealing element of a metal polar plate fuel cell and the metal polar plate fuel cell, the fuel cell comprises: a metal polar plate and a catalytic layer; the sealing element is arranged between the metal polar plate and the catalytic layer; the seal comprises: an adhesive layer and a sealing layer; the sealing layer is bonded with the metal polar plate through the adhesive layer; the sealing layer is provided with more than three protrusions which protrude towards the direction departing from the adhesive layer; the catalyst layer and the sealing layer are pressed to form a sealed cavity between the adjacent protrusions. The sealing structure of the fuel cell can effectively improve the sealing performance of the fuel cell and reduce the harm of the fuel cell caused by gas leakage, and the sealing bulge structure of the cathode plate and the anode plate can greatly improve the service life of the fuel cell and has higher practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a sealing piece of a metal polar plate fuel cell and the metal polar plate fuel cell.
Background
Fuel Cells (FC) are a new type of power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of Fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical method, have the advantages of high energy conversion rate, no pollution, abundant raw material sources, and the like, and are called as a fourth generation power generation technology following water power, thermal power, and nuclear power. As a new generation of power generation technology, the fuel cell can be widely applied to various aspects such as portable mobile power sources, electric automobiles, power stations, aerospace, military ships and the like.
The fuel cell generally uses hydrogen, reformed gas, natural gas and purified gas as fuel, uses hydrogen and air as oxidant, if the sealing effect of the fuel cell is not good, the fuel and oxidant will be mixed directly, so it is easy to cause explosion. Therefore, the design of a sealing structure in the field of fuel cells is very necessary. In the prior art, the anode plate and the cathode plate of the fuel cell bipolar plate are sealed by adding a sealant line in a sealant groove or coating a sealant layer on a substrate and then adding a release film, or only coating a layer of glue on a substrate and directly pasting and sealing the cathode plate and the anode plate with a Membrane Electrode (MEA). The prior art has the following defects: the contact between the sealing rubber line and the anode plate or the cathode plate can affect the bonding performance between the sealing rubber line and the metal pole plate due to different pole plate surface treatment processes, and further affects the sealing effect. Meanwhile, the polar plate is sealed by stamping and pasting or dispensing, so that the method has the defects of low efficiency and yield, and is not suitable for large-scale industrial production of polar plate sealing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sealing piece of a metal polar plate fuel cell and the metal polar plate fuel cell, and the sealing structure can solve the problem of internal sealing between polar plates and membrane electrodes treated on the surfaces of different polar plates. Meanwhile, the problems of low production efficiency and low yield of the polar plate seal can be solved by applying the injection molding production process. And large-scale production of sealing of the polar plate is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a seal member for a metal plate fuel cell, the fuel cell comprising: a metal polar plate and a catalytic layer; the sealing element is arranged between the metal polar plate and the catalytic layer; the seal comprises: an adhesive layer and a sealing layer; the sealing layer is bonded with the metal polar plate through the adhesive layer; the sealing layer is provided with more than three protrusions which protrude towards the direction departing from the adhesive layer; the catalyst layer and the sealing layer are pressed to form a sealed cavity between the adjacent protrusions.
Preferably, the metal plate includes: an anode plate and a cathode plate; the catalytic layer is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate; the sealing elements are arranged between the anode plate and the catalyst layer and between the cathode plate and the catalyst layer.
Preferably, the fuel cell is formed by stacking a plurality of single fuel cells, the sealing element is also arranged between metal pole plates of adjacent single fuel cells, and after the protrusion of the sealing element is pressed against the adjacent metal pole plates, a sealing cavity is formed between the adjacent protrusions.
Preferably, the sealing element is arranged on one surface of the anode plate, and the sealing element is arranged on both surfaces of the cathode plate.
Preferably, the adhesive layer is formed by curing an insulating adhesive, and the adhesive is composed of one or more of polyurethane, polyimide, bismaleimide, allyl resin, furan resin, amino resin, alkyd resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and acrylic resin.
Preferably, the adhesive layer covers the outer edge of the metal plate.
Preferably, the sealing layer is made of one or more of organic silicon rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicon rubber and fluororubber.
Preferably, the fuel cell further comprises: gas diffusion layers arranged at two sides of the catalyst layer; a plurality of gas flow channels are arranged between the metal polar plate and the catalytic layer, and each gas flow channel comprises a plurality of anode cavities arranged in the middle area of the anode plate and a plurality of cathode cavities arranged in the middle area of the cathode plate; a water cavity is formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate of two adjacent single fuel cells; the peripheries of the anode cavity, the cathode cavity and the water cavity are provided with sealing buffer areas with the thickness of 1-20mm, and a space is provided for the compression of the die.
The invention also provides a metal polar plate fuel cell, which comprises the sealing member of the metal polar plate fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by arranging the adhesive layers among the cathode plate, the anode plate and the sealing layer, a transition layer can be formed among the cathode plate, the anode plate and the sealing layer, the binding force between the sealing layer and the cathode plate and the anode plate is improved, and the sealing effect of the polar plate is improved.
2. The adhesive layer is prepared by selecting glue with high insulation property and coated on the outer edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate to form an edge insulation area, so that the risk of short circuit at the outer edge of the pole plate can be reduced, and the safety performance of the battery in the use process is improved.
3. By arranging three or more protruding structures on the sealing layer, a plurality of sealed cavities can be formed between the two sides of the membrane electrode and the cathode plate and the anode plate. When one sealing cavity is aged and fails, the other sealing cavities can still seal the electrode plate, so that the sealing service life of the fuel cell stack is greatly prolonged.
4. By adding 1-20mm sealing buffer areas around the anode cavity, the cathode cavity and the water cavity on the anode plate and the cathode plate, the areas can provide space for the compression of a mold during primer coating and injection sealing, reduce the influence of the surface bending of the metal plate on the injection sealing and improve the yield of injection sealing products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a state of use of a seal member of a metal plate fuel cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an anode plate of a metal plate fuel cell of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a bottom schematic view of the cathode plate of the metal plate fuel cell of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a cathode plate of a metal plate fuel cell of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state of use of a seal member of a metal plate fuel cell according to the present invention. The fuel cell comprises metal plates and a catalytic layer 3. The metal plates include an anode plate 1 and a cathode plate 2. The catalytic layer 3 is arranged between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. Sealing elements are arranged between the anode plate 1 and the catalyst layer 3 and between the cathode plate 2 and the catalyst layer 3, and the sealing elements are arranged on the outer edge of the battery. The seal of the present invention comprises: an adhesive layer 4 and a sealing layer 5; the sealing layer 5 is bonded with the metal polar plate through the adhesive layer 4; the sealing layer 5 has three or more protrusions 6, and the protrusions 6 protrude in a direction away from the adhesive layer 4; the catalyst layer 3 and the sealing layer 5 are pressed to form a sealed cavity 11 between adjacent protrusions 6.
By providing three or more protrusions 6 on the sealing layer 5 of the cathode and anode, a plurality of sealed cavities 11 can be formed between the cathode and anode plates and both sides of the membrane electrode (catalyst layer 3). When one seal cavity 11 is aged and fails, the other seal cavities 11 can still seal the electrode plate, so that the seal service life of the fuel cell stack is greatly prolonged.
In some embodiments, the material of the sealing layer 5 is selected from one or more of silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, silicone rubber, and fluororubber.
The adhesive layer 4 is formed on the transition layer between the cathode plate and the anode plate and the sealing layer 5, so that the binding force between the sealing layer 5 and the cathode plate and the anode plate is improved, and the sealing effect of the polar plate is improved. The adhesive layer 4 is formed by curing insulating glue, and the components of the glue can be one or more than two of polyurethane, polyimide, bismaleimide, allyl resin, furan resin, amino resin, alkyd resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and acrylic resin.
The fuel cell further includes: and a gas diffusion layer 10 provided on both sides of the catalyst layer 3.
The plurality of single-layer structures of the fuel cell can be pressed and attached in a mechanical pressing and attaching mode initially, and the fuel cell is pressed into a cell formed by stacking the multiple-layer structures.
The fuel cell is generally formed by stacking a plurality of single fuel cells. The upper part of fig. 1 shows only a partial structure of another unit cell. In the invention, a sealing element is also arranged between the metal polar plates of the adjacent single fuel cells, and after the protrusions 6 of the sealing element of the single fuel cell are pressed against the adjacent metal polar plates, the adjacent protrusions 6 also form a sealing cavity 11. Taking fig. 1 as an example, a sealing material is adhered to one surface of an anode plate 1 and a sealing material is adhered to both surfaces of a cathode plate 2 of the metal plate fuel cell of fig. 1. The protrusion 6 of the sealing member bonded to the anode plate 1 is directed to the catalytic layer 3 of the unit fuel cell where it is located, and pressed against the catalytic layer 3. The sealing piece is adhered to one side of the cathode plate 2, the protrusion 6 points to the catalyst layer 3 of the single fuel cell where the protrusion is located and is pressed and adhered to the catalyst layer 3, and the protrusion 6 points to the anode plate 1 of the adjacent cell and is tightly pressed and sealed with the anode plate 1 of the adjacent cell and is adhered to the sealing piece on the other side of the cathode plate 2.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the adhesive layer 4 covers the outer edges of the metal plate (including the side portions of the metal plate in fig. 1). The adhesive layer 4 is prepared by selecting glue with high insulation to coat the outer edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate 1 to form an edge insulation area, so that the metal polar plate is prevented from being exposed, the risk of short circuit at the outer edge of the polar plate can be reduced, and the safety performance of the battery in the use process is improved.
The middle part of the metal polar plate is provided with a plurality of gas flow channels. The seal is disposed at the outer edge of the cell. The gas flow channel comprises a number of anode chambers 7 in the middle area of the anode plate 1 and a number of cathode chambers 8 in the middle area of the cathode plate 2. A water cavity 9 is formed between the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1 of two adjacent single fuel cells. The fuel cell stack is internally sealed and divided into three-cavity sealing, the three-cavity sealing comprises an anode cavity 7, a cathode cavity 8 and a water cavity 9, fuel gas flows in the anode cavity 7, oxidant flows in the cathode cavity 8, and cooling water flows in the water cavity 9 to cool the cell in the using process. Specifically, the water chamber 9 and the anode chamber 7 are respectively a cooling water flow passage and a hydrogen flow passage, and the cathode chamber 8 is an air or oxygen flow passage.
In some embodiments, the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are made of a metal alloy material such as stainless steel, titanium, etc., and the surfaces thereof are subjected to a surface treatment process such as gold plating, carbon plating, etc.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in some embodiments, the peripheries of the anode chamber 7, the cathode chamber 8 and the water chamber 9 of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 contain a 1-20mm sealing buffer region 12, and the sealing buffer region 12 is a space reserved on the battery plate for pressing the battery. The area can provide space for the compression of the die during primer coating and injection molding sealing, and the influence of the surface bending of the metal plate on the injection molding sealing is reduced. The novel high-energy-density metal pile needs to use a thin metal plate to improve the energy density, but the pole plate is easy to bend due to the reduction of the thickness, so that a buffer area needs to be designed in the injection molding and sealing process to provide a compression space for a mold, and the influence on the injection molding and sealing quality due to the bending of the pole plate is avoided.
The method for sticking the sealing layer 5 on the metal polar plate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of adopting glue dispensing, screen printing, spraying and other modes at the edges of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2, applying corresponding dies to tightly press the sealing buffer area 12, coating a layer of glue containing polyurethane, polyimide, bismaleimide, allyl resin, furan resin, amino resin, alkyd resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylic resin and the like, drying the glue after brushing to form an adhesive layer 4, then applying the corresponding dies to tightly press the sealing buffer area 12 again by an injection molding method, and adhering liquid rubber such as organic silicon rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicon rubber, fluororubber and the like to the surface of the adhesive layer 4 to form a cathode plate monomer and an anode plate monomer containing a sealing layer 5.
In conclusion, the sealing structure of the fuel cell can effectively improve the sealing performance of the fuel cell, reduce the harm of the fuel cell caused by gas leakage, greatly prolong the service life of the fuel cell by the sealing protrusion structure of the cathode plate and the anode plate, and has higher practical value.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A seal for a metal plate fuel cell, said fuel cell comprising: a metal plate and a catalyst layer (3); the sealing element is arranged between the metal polar plate and the catalytic layer (3); the seal comprises: an adhesive layer (4) and a sealing layer (5); the sealing layer (5) is bonded with the metal polar plate through the adhesive layer (4); the sealing layer (5) is provided with more than three protrusions (6), and the protrusions (6) protrude in the direction away from the adhesive layer (4); the catalyst layer (3) and the sealing layer (5) are pressed to form a sealed cavity (11) between the adjacent protrusions (6).
2. The seal for a metal plate fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein said metal plate comprises: an anode plate (1) and a cathode plate (2); the catalyst layer (3) is arranged between the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2); the sealing pieces are arranged between the anode plate (1) and the catalyst layer (3) and between the cathode plate (2) and the catalyst layer (3).
3. The seal of the metal plate fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the fuel cell is formed by stacking a plurality of unit fuel cells, the seal is arranged between the metal plates of the adjacent unit fuel cells, and after the protrusion (6) of the seal is pressed against the adjacent metal plates, a sealed cavity (11) is formed between the adjacent protrusions (6).
4. The seal for a metal plate fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein said seal is provided on one side of said anode plate (1) and said seal is provided on both sides of said cathode plate (2).
5. The sealing member of a metal plate fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer (4) is formed by curing an insulating glue, and the glue is one or more selected from polyurethane, polyimide, bismaleimide, allyl resin, furan resin, amino resin, alkyd resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and acrylic resin.
6. The seal for a metal plate fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein said adhesive layer (4) covers the outer edge of said metal plate.
7. The sealing member of the metal plate fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the sealing layer (5) is made of one or more of silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicone rubber, and fluororubber.
8. The seal for a metal plate fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein said fuel cell further comprises: gas diffusion layers (10) arranged on both sides of the catalyst layer (3); a plurality of gas flow channels are arranged between the metal polar plate and the catalytic layer (3), and each gas flow channel comprises a plurality of anode cavities (7) arranged in the middle area of the anode plate (1) and a plurality of cathode cavities (8) arranged in the middle area of the cathode plate (2); a water cavity (9) is formed between the cathode plate (2) and the anode plate (1) of two adjacent single fuel cells; the periphery of the anode cavity (7), the cathode cavity (8) and the water cavity (9) is provided with a sealing buffer area (12) with the thickness of 1-20mm, so that a space is provided for the compression of the die.
9. A metal plate fuel cell comprising the seal of the metal plate fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010468410.4A CN111564645A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Sealing element of metal polar plate fuel cell and metal polar plate fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010468410.4A CN111564645A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Sealing element of metal polar plate fuel cell and metal polar plate fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111564645A true CN111564645A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010468410.4A Pending CN111564645A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Sealing element of metal polar plate fuel cell and metal polar plate fuel cell |
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| CN (1) | CN111564645A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112002922A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 浙江海晫新能源科技有限公司 | Sealing structure of fuel cell stack |
| CN112599811A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell and manufacturing method thereof |
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