CN111562644A - Optical waveguide device and AR display apparatus - Google Patents
Optical waveguide device and AR display apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111562644A CN111562644A CN202010598418.2A CN202010598418A CN111562644A CN 111562644 A CN111562644 A CN 111562644A CN 202010598418 A CN202010598418 A CN 202010598418A CN 111562644 A CN111562644 A CN 111562644A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical waveguide device, which comprises an optical coupling-in unit and a plurality of waveguide units; the plurality of waveguide units are sequentially arranged along the emergent light path of the light coupling-in unit; wherein, the surface of each waveguide unit for reflecting the projection light beam is provided with a plurality of discretely distributed reflecting elements; the longer the distance between the waveguide unit and the light coupling-in unit is, the larger the proportion of the total area of each reflecting element on the surface of the waveguide unit is, so that the reflectivity of each waveguide unit to the projection light beam reaches the target reflectivity; the application only arranges a plurality of uniformly distributed reflecting elements with small areas on the surface of the optical waveguide unit; and the farther the distance from the light coupling-in unit, the larger the area ratio of the reflecting element is, so that the light waveguide unit simplifies the preparation process of the light waveguide device and reduces the device cost on the basis of ensuring the coupling-out uniformity of the projection light beam. The application also provides an AR display device with the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of optical technologies, and in particular, to an optical waveguide device and an AR display apparatus.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology of superimposing a virtual image on a real scene, and people at home and abroad pay attention to and research the technology at present, and corresponding products appear. The augmented reality display device combines a virtual image generated by a computer with a real scene to display for a user, so that the user can receive virtual information and observe the real scene at the same time, and sensory experience beyond reality is achieved.
There are many existing technologies for realizing AR, and in general, a geometric array optical waveguide is used to realize AR glasses with a large field angle. In order to enable the image light transmitted in the waveguide to be uniformly incident to human eyes, the dielectric film on each optical waveguide unit needs to be separately designed, so that each optical waveguide unit is coated with the dielectric film with different reflectivity. The optical waveguide unit brings inconvenience to the production and processing of the optical waveguide unit, and the production cost is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical waveguide device and an AR display device, which solve the problem of high production cost of waveguide units caused by different reflectivity of each waveguide unit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an optical waveguide device, including an optical coupling unit and a plurality of waveguide units; the waveguide units are sequentially arranged along the emergent light path of the light coupling-in unit;
the surface of each waveguide unit for reflecting the projection light beam is provided with a plurality of discretely distributed reflecting elements; and the longer the distance between the waveguide unit and the light coupling-in unit is, the larger the proportion of the total area of each reflecting element on the surface of the waveguide unit is, so that the reflectivity of each waveguide unit to the projection light beam reaches the target reflectivity.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the plurality of reflective elements of each of the waveguide unit surfaces are uniformly distributed.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reflective element on the waveguide unit is any one or more film layers of a circular reflective element, an elliptical reflective element, a square reflective element, and a regular polygon reflective element.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the reflection elements distributed on each lattice on the waveguide unit is not more than 4 mm.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reflective element is a metal film or a reflective grating.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reflective elements on each of the waveguide units are distributed in an array.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, the reflective element is a film layer formed on the surface of each waveguide unit by using different mask plates;
and the mask plate is provided with uniformly distributed opening through holes set according to the target reflectivity of each waveguide unit.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, each of the waveguide units is a surface for reflecting the projection light beam guided by the light coupling-in unit, and is further provided with an antireflection dielectric film, and the reflective elements are uniformly disposed on the surface of the antireflection dielectric film.
The present application also provides an AR display device comprising the light guide apparatus as described in any one of the above, and a projection device for emitting a projection beam to an incident surface of a light incoupling unit in the light guide apparatus.
The invention provides an optical waveguide device, which comprises an optical coupling-in unit and a plurality of waveguide units; the plurality of waveguide units are sequentially arranged along the emergent light path of the light coupling-in unit; the surface of each waveguide unit for reflecting the projection light beam is provided with a plurality of discretely distributed reflecting elements; the longer the distance between the waveguide unit and the light coupling-in unit is, the larger the proportion of the total area of each reflecting element on the surface of the waveguide unit is, so that the reflectivity of each waveguide unit to the projection light beam reaches the target reflectivity;
in the present embodiment, when the reflective element is disposed on the surface of each optical waveguide unit, compared to the prior art in which the reflective element is directly disposed on the entire surface of the optical waveguide unit, the present application only arranges a plurality of reflective elements with small areas on the surface of the optical waveguide unit, and the plurality of reflective elements are discretely distributed on the surface of the optical waveguide unit; further, the farther from the light incoupling unit in each optical waveguide unit, the larger the area ratio occupied by the reflective elements of the surface of the optical waveguide unit. Therefore, the reflectivity of the reflecting elements on each waveguide unit can be completely the same, when the reflecting elements are actually formed, the reflecting elements with one reflectivity are not required to be formed for each waveguide unit, and the reflectivity of each optical waveguide unit can be different according to the requirement of projection uniformity only by controlling different occupied area ratios of the reflecting elements, so that the optical waveguide units simplify the preparation process of the optical waveguide device on the basis of ensuring the coupling uniformity of projection beams, and the device cost is reduced.
The application also provides an AR display device with the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic arrangement diagram of a reflecting element on a waveguide unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of another waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an optical waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the optical waveguide device provided in the embodiment of the present application; fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of another waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application; the optical waveguide device may include:
a light incoupling unit 1 and a plurality of waveguide units 2; the waveguide units 2 are sequentially arranged along the emergent light path of the light coupling unit 1;
specifically, in the practical application process, the projection device projects a projection light beam to the light incoupling unit 1, the projection light beam is transmitted by the light incoupling unit 1 and is emitted to the first waveguide unit 2 closest to the light incoupling unit 1, the first waveguide unit partially reflects the incident projection light beam to human eyes, and partially transmits the incident projection light beam to the second waveguide unit 2 closest to the first waveguide unit 2, the second waveguide unit 2 also partially reflects the incident projection light beam to the human eyes, and partially transmits the incident projection light beam to the third waveguide unit 2, and so on, each waveguide unit 2 sequentially transmits the partially reflected projection light beam, and the human eyes view a projection picture through the light reflected by each waveguide unit 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the light-incoupling unit 1 and each waveguide unit 2 and the adjacent waveguide units 2 may be sequentially bonded to form an integral plate-shaped light-guiding element, and the light-incoupling element 1 and the waveguide units 2 have the same refractive index. A reflecting element 4 with a relatively small area is arranged on the reflecting interface 3 between the light incoupling unit 1 and the waveguide unit 2, and the reflecting element 4 can reflect the incident light beam; similarly, the interface between the waveguide units 2 is also provided with the reflective element 4.
As shown in fig. 3, in practical application, the light incoupling unit 1 and the waveguide unit 2 and the waveguide units 2 may not be glued, but may be separated from each other by a certain gap, that is, by a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to a light beam incident to a human eye, and the surfaces of the light incoupling unit 1 and the waveguide unit 2 facing each other and the surfaces of the adjacent waveguide units 2 facing each other are parallel to each other.
As can be seen from fig. 1, in order to make the brightness of the projection image viewed by human eyes more uniform, it is required that the energy of the reflected light reflected by each waveguide unit 2 into the human eyes is substantially the same, and therefore, the reflectivity of each waveguide unit 2 to the light beam, which is required to be increased from near to far from each waveguide unit 2 and the light coupling-in unit 1, needs to be increased one by one; and the light reflecting surface 3 is the surface on which the waveguide unit 2 receives the projection light beam.
In a conventional optical waveguide device, a reflective film covering the entire surface needs to be disposed on the reflective surface of each waveguide unit, and the reflectivity of the reflective film of each waveguide unit is different, so that the reflectivity of each waveguide unit meets the requirement of brightness of a projected picture. However, the design of the reflective film is too complex due to the arrangement mode, and in the actual manufacturing process, when the reflective film is manufactured for each waveguide unit, the manufacturing process needs to be adjusted for different waveguide units, so that the process for manufacturing the reflective film is more complex, and the use cost of the optical waveguide device is further increased.
Thus, another way of providing a reflective element is provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, at each of the light reflecting surfaces 3 of the waveguide units 2 for reflecting the projection light beams guided through the light incoupling unit 1, a plurality of reflecting elements 4 are provided in a discrete distribution; the farther the waveguide unit 2 is from the light coupling-in unit 1, the larger the proportion of the total area of the respective reflecting elements 4 on the corresponding reflecting surface 3 to the area of the reflecting surface 3 of the waveguide unit 2 is, so that the reflectivity of the respective waveguide unit 2 to the projection light beam reaches a target reflectivity.
That is, in the present application, the reflection element 4 is provided on the waveguide unit 2, a plurality of discretely distributed reflection elements 4 having a small area and the same reflectivity are provided on the light reflection surface, and the reflectivity of the entire waveguide unit 2 is changed by changing the area ratio of the reflection element 4.
Alternatively, a plurality of reflective elements 4 on the same waveguide unit 2 may be uniformly distributed on the surface of the waveguide unit 2, so that the uniformity of the light reflected by the surface of the waveguide unit 2 is improved.
To sum up, for the reflection film that each waveguide unit adopted and has different reflectivity among the prior art, reflection element in this application can adopt the reflection rete that has the same reflectivity, and only makes the reflectivity diverse of waveguide unit through the area percentage of reflection element, need not to carry out the independent design reflection film to every waveguide unit, has reduced the design degree of difficulty and the preparation degree of difficulty of reflection film to a great extent.
Alternatively, the area ratio of the reflecting elements of each waveguide unit can be controlled by combining the density and the area size of the reflecting elements, which will not be described in detail.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the target reflectivity of each waveguide unit 2 may specifically be such that:
wherein k isiN is the total number of waveguide units for a target reflectivity from the near to the i-th waveguide unit from the light incoupling unit.
Based on the target reflectance, the reflectance of each reflecting element 4 on the waveguide unit 2 and the area ratio can be set.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the shape of each reflective element 4 is not specifically limited in the present application, and may be a square, a triangle, an ellipse, a circle, a regular polygon, or the like. Of course, in practical applications, a centrally symmetric pattern of reflective elements should be used as much as possible.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, the reflective elements 4 with different shapes may be alternatively arranged, as long as the uniformity of the distribution of the reflective elements 4 on the reflective surface of the whole waveguide unit 2 can be ensured.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the diameter of each reflecting element 4 may be specifically not greater than 4 mm. The recognition degree of human eyes is 4 mm-6 mm, and the size of the reflecting element is set to be lower than the recognition range of human eyes, so that the non-reflecting elements discretely distributed on the waveguide unit 2 can be prevented from being recognized by the human eyes, and the visual effect of a projection picture is improved.
Similarly, the sizes of the reflective elements on the whole waveguide unit 2 may not be completely uniform, and a plurality of reflective elements 4 with different sizes may be alternately arranged, for example, an isosceles triangle reflective element is arranged at the center of three circular reflective elements with symmetric centers, and the like, and the present application is not limited thereto.
Although the present application may also apply reflective elements with completely uniform shapes, sizes and dimensions to each waveguide unit. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, circular reflective elements are used throughout, and the respective reflective elements are distributed in an array.
In the actual preparation of the reflecting element, various preparation processes can be adopted, and the method can be used for electroplating and stamping and can also be a chemical corrosion method. Specifically, when the reflective element 4 is formed on the surface of each waveguide unit 2, a corresponding mask plate may be designed for each waveguide unit 2 according to the target reflectivity, an open through hole is set in each mask plate, the mask plate is covered on the waveguide unit 2, and the reflective element 4 is formed at a position corresponding to the open through hole on the waveguide unit 2.
In addition, it is more preferable to select a metal reflective film having a better reflection effect, such as a metal copper film or a metal aluminum film; but also a reflective grating or other optical elements capable of deflecting the light transmission direction, which is not specifically limited in this application.
In the application, a plurality of discrete and uniformly distributed reflection elements are arranged on the surface of each waveguide unit, the area occupation ratio of the reflection elements is increased one by one, and the reflectivity of each waveguide unit to the projection light beams is further increased one by one; accordingly, the effect that the plurality of waveguide units uniformly reflect the projection light beams is achieved. When the waveguide units form the reflecting elements, reflecting film layers with different reflectivity do not need to be arranged for the waveguide units 2, the coating complexity of the reflecting element layers on the waveguide units is reduced to a certain extent, and the cost of the optical waveguide device is further reduced.
In another optional embodiment of the present application, an antireflection dielectric film is further disposed on each waveguide unit.
When the optical waveguide device is applied to an augmented reality device, a real virtual projection screen needs to be superimposed on a real screen. Therefore, light of the environment real object scene is required to be transmitted into the human eye through the waveguide unit. Therefore, in order to observe the object scene in the environment more clearly, the surface of the waveguide unit 2 may be provided with an antireflection dielectric film.
Optionally, the waveguide unit 2 is first provided with an anti-reflection dielectric film, and then a plurality of reflective elements 4 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the anti-reflection dielectric film.
The present application further provides an embodiment of an AR display device, which includes the optical waveguide device in any of the above embodiments, and a projection device for transmitting a projection beam to a light incoupling unit in the optical waveguide device.
The optical waveguide device that adopts among the AR display device that uses in this application, the reflection element in each waveguide unit adopts a plurality of discrete evenly distributed's reflection element to make the reflectivity of each waveguide unit reach the target reflectivity through controlling the reflection element area ratio on each waveguide unit, reduce the coating film cost of each waveguide unit reflection element to a great extent, and then reduce whole AR display device's cost.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include elements inherent in the list. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In addition, parts of the above technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, which are consistent with the implementation principles of corresponding technical solutions in the prior art, are not described in detail so as to avoid redundant description.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An optical waveguide device includes an optical coupling unit and a plurality of waveguide units; the waveguide units are sequentially arranged along the emergent light path of the light coupling-in unit;
the surface of each waveguide unit for reflecting the projection light beam is provided with a plurality of discretely distributed reflecting elements; and the longer the distance between the waveguide unit and the light coupling-in unit is, the larger the proportion of the total area of each reflecting element on the surface of the waveguide unit is, so that the reflectivity of each waveguide unit to the projection light beam reaches the target reflectivity.
2. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said reflecting members are uniformly distributed on the surface of each of said waveguide units.
3. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein the reflective element on the waveguide unit is any one or more of a circular reflective element, an elliptical reflective element, and a regular polygonal reflective element.
4. The optical waveguide device according to claim 3 wherein each of said reflective elements on said waveguide unit has a diameter of no more than 4 mm.
5. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 wherein said reflective element is a metal film or a reflective grating.
6. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1 wherein said reflective elements on each of said waveguide units are arranged in an array.
7. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein the reflective element is a film layer formed on the surface of each waveguide unit by using different mask plates;
and the mask plate is provided with an open through hole set according to the target reflectivity of each waveguide unit.
8. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, wherein each of the waveguide units has a surface for reflecting the projection beam guided by the light-coupling unit, and an antireflection dielectric film is further provided, and the reflective elements are uniformly provided on the surface of the antireflection dielectric film.
9. An AR display device comprising the light guide apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and a projection device for emitting a projection beam to an incident surface of the light incoupling unit in the light guide apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010598418.2A CN111562644A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Optical waveguide device and AR display apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010598418.2A CN111562644A (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Optical waveguide device and AR display apparatus |
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| CN111562644A true CN111562644A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114200570A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Multilayer diffraction optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display device |
| WO2022171031A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 | Display apparatus, head-up display, and transportation device |
-
2020
- 2020-06-28 CN CN202010598418.2A patent/CN111562644A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022171031A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 未来（北京）黑科技有限公司 | Display apparatus, head-up display, and transportation device |
| CN114200570A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Multilayer diffraction optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display device |
| WO2023126015A1 (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-06 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Multilayer diffractive optical waveguide device and near-eye display apparatus |
| CN114200570B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-10-03 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Multilayer diffraction optical waveguide device and near-to-eye display device |
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