CN111562225A - Method for testing proportion of variegated leaves contained in tobacco leaves in batches - Google Patents
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- CN111562225A CN111562225A CN202010437031.9A CN202010437031A CN111562225A CN 111562225 A CN111562225 A CN 111562225A CN 202010437031 A CN202010437031 A CN 202010437031A CN 111562225 A CN111562225 A CN 111562225A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the proportion of variegated leaves in tobacco leaves in batches, which comprises the following steps: sampling by taking batch tobacco leaves as inspection objects, wherein the sampling method is random sampling, and 5, 10, 15 or 20 samples are respectively taken according to different numbers of the batch tobacco leaves; about 200 pieces of tobacco leaves are randomly extracted from each sample piece, and the sample pieces are randomly rolled into 10 bundles after being de-bonded; randomly extracting 3 tobacco leaves from 10 tobacco leaves bundled by each piece of tobacco for testing the mottled leaves, and recording the number to be tested; bundle opening of the tobacco bundles to be inspected, inspecting each tobacco leaf piece by piece, and recording the number of the mottled leaves; and finally, calculating the proportion of the variegated leaves in the batch of tobacco leaves according to a given formula. The invention samples scientifically and reasonably, the inspection result is representative, and the invention is labor-saving, time-saving and convenient to operate. The method can greatly reduce the inspection time of the proportion of the tobacco leaves containing the variegated leaves in batches and improve the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of inspection, in particular to a method for inspecting the proportion of variegated leaves in a batch of tobacco leaves.
Background
The content of the total sugar in the leaves with mottled color is low, the ratio of sugar to alkali is low, and the chemical components are not coordinated; the maturity, the identity, the tissue structure and other appearance qualities are reduced to a different degree than that of the main group tobacco leaves; less fragrance, increased miscellaneous gas and irritation, and poorer smoking quality than the main group of tobacco leaves. In view of the fact that the overall quality of the mottled tobacco leaves is inferior to that of the main group of tobacco leaves, at present, a plurality of industrial enterprises do not purchase the mottled tobacco leaves any more, and commercial enterprises purchase the mottled tobacco leaves in batches less. As the tobacco leaves are crops, some variegated tobacco leaves still appear in the actual production and are influenced by the grading level and the quality of the tobacco growers, and a small part of the variegated tobacco leaves intentionally and unintentionally enter the main group of the tobacco leaves to influence the usability of the tobacco leaves and the stability of the cigarette quality. At present, the quality inspection of tobacco leaves takes a 'bundle' as a measurement unit, and one tobacco leaf is about 15-25, which contains a small amount of mottled leaves and is usually ignored, so that the inspection method taking the 'bundle' as the measurement unit is difficult to accurately inspect the mottled leaf proportion of the tobacco leaves in batches. If the tobacco leaf inspection is carried out by taking the 'handle' as a measurement unit instead of the 'sheet' as the measurement unit, the inspection workload is huge, the inspection time is long, the inspection progress is influenced, and the operability is low.
Therefore, the development of the inspection method which is labor-saving, time-saving and convenient to operate and can fully reflect the condition of the impurity-colored leaves in the tobacco leaves in batches according to the inspection result has important significance for guiding tobacco growers to reduce the impurity-colored leaves in the tobacco leaf production, guiding industrial enterprises to sort the tobacco leaves and remove the impurity-colored leaves and reasonably using the tobacco leaves containing different proportions of the impurity-colored leaves in the cigarette formula.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for testing the proportion of variegated leaves in tobacco leaves in batches. The method integrates the TRIZ innovation principles of increasing asymmetry, pre-acting, discarding and the like, independently detects and calculates the condition of the variegated leaves contained in the tobacco leaves in batch, and can accurately detect the proportion of the variegated leaves in a short time.
The invention provides a method for testing the proportion of variegated leaves in tobacco leaves in batches, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the number of sample pieces, taking the batch tobacco leaves as an inspection object for sampling, wherein the sampling method is random sampling, and the number of the sample pieces is 5, 10, 15 or 20 according to the number of the batch tobacco leaves;
(2) determining the number of sample bundles, extracting about 200 tobacco leaves in different areas in the cigarette packet of each piece of tobacco according to a five-point sampling method by using the sample pieces extracted in the step (1), and randomly binding the tobacco leaves into 10 tobacco leaves after removing the bonding;
(3) determining the number to be detected, randomly extracting 3 tobacco leaves from 10 tobacco leaves bundled by each tobacco leaf in the step (2), wherein the total number does not exceed 30, using the tobacco leaves for testing the mottled leaves, and recording the number to be detected;
(4) checking the mottled leaves, namely, removing stems of the checked tobacco stalks extracted in the step (3), checking each tobacco leaf piece by piece according to quality regulations in national standard of the people's republic of China, namely flue-cured tobacco (GB2635-1992), and recording the number of the mottled leaves;
(5) calculating the proportion of the leaves containing the variegated color in the batch of tobacco leaves, and calculating a formula:
the mottled leaf ratio (%) -mottled leaf number conversion number/number of leaves 100, wherein,
the number of mottled leaves was converted into the number of (number of mottled leaves)/(number to be examined 20),
the number of samples is 10.
The further preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step (1), the tobacco leaves in batches are packaged by taking 0.8 or 1 share as one piece, and the quantity of the tobacco leaves in batches is less than or equal to 5 pieces and all the tobacco leaves are extracted; randomly drawing 5 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 6-500 tobacco leaves in batch; randomly drawing 10 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 501-1000 tobacco leaves in batches; randomly extracting 15 pieces of 1001-2000 pieces; the tobacco quantity in batch is more than 2000 pieces, and 20 pieces are randomly drawn.
The further preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step (2), the five-point sampling method is that about 200 pieces of tobacco are sampled from one point in the middle of the tobacco bale and one point around the tobacco bale, about 20 pieces of tobacco are randomly pricked into 10 pieces of tobacco, and the number of the pieces of tobacco does not need to be accurate in order to save time.
The further preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step (2), "debonding" means that the extracted leaves need to be separated before binding if there is a bonding phenomenon, so as to improve the efficiency of the inspection of the mottled leaves in the step (4).
The further preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step (3), the tobacco bundles to be detected taken out from different samples are combined to record the number to be detected, the number to be detected of the same batch of tobacco leaves is not more than 30, only 30 tobacco bundles to be detected are detected, and the number to be detected is recorded as 30.
The further preferable technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the step (4), the Chinese national Standard of the people's republic of China, cured tobacco (GB2635-1992) is stipulated in: the mottle refers to color patches (not containing green yellow) with non-basic colors on the surface of tobacco leaves, such as slight feathering, local ash hanging, steaming, severe baking, severe flushing, whole leaf pollution, more green marks, leaves damaged by aphids, and the like, and leaves with mottle areas of 20% or more are regarded as mottle leaves.
The invention saves the inspection time through scientific and reasonable sampling, has representative inspection result, saves labor and time and is convenient to operate. It also has the following advantages: the proportion of the green and yellow tobacco in batch of tobacco leaves can be detected by the same method; the proportion of the variegated leaves and the green and yellow tobacco in batches of tobacco leaves can be simultaneously detected; if the method is combined with the daily industrial and commercial handover quality inspection or tobacco purchasing quality inspection and other works, the inspection time of the proportion of the tobacco leaves containing the variegated leaves in batches can be greatly reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the objects and technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
and (3) checking the proportion of the variegated leaves contained in 800C 3F grade tobacco leaves in a certain producing area.
Step 1: randomly drawing 10 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 501-1000 tobacco leaves in batches;
step 2: randomly drawing about 200 pieces of tobacco leaves for each piece, and randomly rolling about 20 pieces of tobacco leaves into 10 pieces of tobacco leaves;
and step 3: randomly extracting 3 bundles of the extracted tobacco bundles for testing the mottled leaves every 10 bundles of the extracted tobacco bundles, wherein the number to be tested is 30;
and 4, step 4: the number of leaves with variegated color was 18 in 30 cigarettes by the variegated leaf test.
The calculation is as follows:
sample number 10 to 100
Conversion of mottle leaf number (mottle leaf number)/(number to be examined 20)
＝(18*100)/(30*20)＝3
Cactus leaf ratio (%) is cactus leaf number conversion number/cactus leaf number 100: 3/100: 100: 3%
Example 2:
the proportion of variegated leaves and green and yellow tobacco in 300C 4F tobacco leaves in a certain producing area is checked.
Step 1: randomly drawing 5 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 6-500 tobacco leaves in batches;
step 2: randomly drawing about 200 pieces of tobacco leaves for each piece, and randomly rolling about 20 pieces of tobacco leaves into 10 pieces of tobacco leaves;
and step 3: randomly extracting 3 bundles of the extracted tobacco bundles for detecting the mottled leaves and the green and yellow tobacco, wherein the number to be detected is 15;
and 4, step 4: through the inspection of variegated leaves and green and yellow tobacco, the number of the variegated leaves is 12, and the number of the green and yellow tobacco leaves is 8 respectively obtained from 15 cigarettes.
The calculation is as follows:
sample number 10-5-10-50
Conversion of mottle leaf number (mottle leaf number)/(number to be examined 20)
＝(12*50)/(15*20)＝2
Cactus leaf ratio (%) is cactus leaf number conversion number/cactus leaf number 100: 2/50: 100: 4%
The number of green and yellow tobacco sheets is converted into the number (number of green and yellow tobacco sheets, number of samples)/(number to be detected, 20)
＝(8*50)/(15*20)＝1.33
Green-yellow tobacco ratio (%) -green-yellow tobacco sheet number conversion number/number of samples 100 ═ 1.33/50 ═ 100 ═ 2.66%
Example 3:
in the quality inspection work of industrial and commercial delivery, the proportion of variegated leaves contained in 2500 pieces of B2F grade tobacco leaves in a certain production place is inspected.
Step 1: randomly drawing 20 tobacco leaves with the quantity of more than 2000 tobacco leaves in batches;
step 2: randomly drawing about 200 pieces of tobacco leaves for each piece, and randomly rolling about 20 pieces of tobacco leaves into 10 pieces of tobacco leaves;
and step 3: 3 random extractions are carried out on each bundle of 10 cigarettes for testing the mottled leaves, the number to be tested is 60, the number exceeds 30, only 30 cigarettes are taken and marked, and the 60 cigarettes are returned to the bundle pile extracted in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: carrying out industrial and commercial handover quality inspection on the tobacco leaves extracted in the step 2 according to an industrial and commercial handover quality inspection program to obtain B2F 143, B3F 35 and B2L 22;
and 5: 30 marked cigarettes were found and subjected to a mottled leaf test to obtain 27 mottled leaves.
The calculation is as follows:
sample number 10-20-10-200
Conversion of mottle leaf number (mottle leaf number)/(number to be examined 20)
＝(27*100)/(30*20)＝4.5
Cactus leaf ratio (%) cactus leaf number conversion number/cactus leaf number 100 ═ 4.5/200 ═ 100%
The yield of the industrial and commercial handover grade is equal to the number of the original bundles/number of the bundles, 100 is equal to 143/200, 100 is equal to 71.5%.
Claims (7)
1. A method for testing the proportion of variegated leaves in tobacco leaves in batches is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the number of sample pieces, taking the batch tobacco leaves as an inspection object for sampling, wherein the sampling method is random sampling, and the number of the sample pieces is 5, 10, 15 or 20 according to the number of the batch tobacco leaves;
(2) determining the number of sample bundles, extracting about 200 tobacco leaves in different areas in the cigarette packet of each piece of tobacco according to a five-point sampling method by using the sample pieces extracted in the step (1), and randomly binding the tobacco leaves into 10 tobacco leaves after removing the bonding;
(3) determining the number to be detected, randomly extracting 3 tobacco leaves from 10 tobacco leaves bundled by each tobacco leaf in the step (2), wherein the total number does not exceed 30, using the tobacco leaves for testing the mottled leaves, and recording the number to be detected;
(4) checking the mottled leaves, namely, removing stems of the checked tobacco stalks extracted in the step (3), checking each tobacco leaf piece by piece according to quality regulations in national standard of the people's republic of China, namely flue-cured tobacco (GB2635-1992), and recording the number of the mottled leaves;
(5) calculating the proportion of the leaves containing the variegated color in the batch of tobacco leaves, and calculating a formula:
the mottled leaf ratio (%) -mottled leaf number conversion number/number of leaves 100, wherein,
the number of mottled leaves was converted into the number of (number of mottled leaves)/(number to be examined 20),
the number of samples is 10.
2. The method for detecting the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco leaves in batch according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the tobacco leaves in batch are packaged by 0.8 or 1 share, and the quantity of the tobacco leaves in batch is less than or equal to 5 shares and all the tobacco leaves are extracted; randomly drawing 5 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 6-500 tobacco leaves in batch; randomly drawing 10 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 501-1000 tobacco leaves in batches; randomly extracting 15 pieces of 1001-2000 pieces; the tobacco quantity in batch is more than 2000 pieces, and 20 pieces are randomly drawn.
3. The method for testing the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco leaves in batch according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), about 200 leaves are sampled from five points, namely one point in the middle of the tobacco bale and one point around the tobacco bale, and about 20 leaves are randomly bundled into 10 leaves, so that the time is saved without the need of accurately counting the leaves in each leaf.
4. The method for testing the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco batch according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), "debonding" means that the extracted leaves need to be separated before binding if any, so as to improve the efficiency of testing the variegated leaves in the step (4).
5. The method for detecting the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco leaves in batch according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the tobacco bundles to be detected taken out from different samples are combined and recorded with the number to be detected, the number to be detected of the tobacco leaves in the same batch does not exceed 30, only 30 tobacco bundles exceeding 30 tobacco bundles are detected, and the number to be detected is recorded as 30.
6. The method for testing the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco leaves in batch according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the general guidelines in national standards of the people's republic of China, flue-cured tobacco (GB 2635-1992): the mottle refers to color patches with non-basic colors on the surface of tobacco leaves, such as slight feathering, local ash, steaming, severe claying, severe flushing, whole leaf pollution, more green marks, aphid-damaged leaves, and the like, and leaves with mottle areas of up to or more than 20% are regarded as mottle leaves.
7. The method for detecting the proportion of the variegated leaves in the tobacco leaves in batch according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the tobacco leaves in batch are packaged by 0.8 or 1 share, and the quantity of the tobacco leaves in batch is less than or equal to 5 shares and all the tobacco leaves are extracted; randomly drawing 5 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 6-500 tobacco leaves in batch; randomly drawing 10 tobacco leaves with the quantity of 501-1000 tobacco leaves in batches; randomly extracting 15 pieces of 1001-2000 pieces; randomly drawing 20 tobacco leaves with the quantity of more than 2000 tobacco leaves in batches;
in the step (2), a five-point sampling method is that about 200 pieces of tobacco are sampled from one point in the middle of the tobacco bale and one point around the tobacco bale, about 20 pieces of tobacco are randomly pricked into 10 pieces of tobacco, and the number of the pieces of tobacco does not need to be accurate in order to save time; the 'de-bonding' is that if the extracted leaves have bonding phenomenon, the extracted leaves need to be separated before binding so as to improve the inspection efficiency of the mottled leaves in the step (4); in the step (3), the tobacco bundles to be detected taken out from different samples are combined to record the number to be detected, the number to be detected of the same batch of tobacco leaves is not more than 30, only 30 tobacco bundles to be detected are detected, and the number to be detected is recorded as 30; in the step (4), the Chinese national Standard of the people's republic of China, cured tobacco (GB2635-1992) is stipulated: the mottle refers to color patches with non-basic colors on the surface of tobacco leaves, such as slight feathering, local ash, steaming, severe claying, severe flushing, whole leaf pollution, more green marks, aphid-damaged leaves, and the like, and leaves with mottle areas of up to or more than 20% are regarded as mottle leaves.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112006318A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-01 | 福建武夷烟叶有限公司 | Threshing and redrying processing technology suitable for green and impurity-containing tobacco leaves with different degrees |
| CN112656026A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-16 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Quality control method for raw tobacco essence selection |
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| CN112006318A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-01 | 福建武夷烟叶有限公司 | Threshing and redrying processing technology suitable for green and impurity-containing tobacco leaves with different degrees |
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| CN112656026A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-16 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Quality control method for raw tobacco essence selection |
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