CN111562162A - Device and method for quickly separating plant root system tissues from attached soil samples - Google Patents
Device and method for quickly separating plant root system tissues from attached soil samples Download PDFInfo
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- CN111562162A CN111562162A CN202010552580.0A CN202010552580A CN111562162A CN 111562162 A CN111562162 A CN 111562162A CN 202010552580 A CN202010552580 A CN 202010552580A CN 111562162 A CN111562162 A CN 111562162A
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- connecting rod
- main connecting
- iron wire
- root system
- hemp rope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for quickly separating plant root tissues from an attached soil sample. The invention can provide rapid separation operation, directly carry out operation in situ, do not need to transfer a sample into a laboratory and then carry out separation operation, can be executed by a single person, does not need to use an additional electric power instrument, and has simple and easy operation method; meanwhile, the device can be suitable for a straight root system and also can be used for a fibrous root system, and the operation and the performance cannot be changed due to the shape and the size of the plant root system; the separated root system sample can be directly used for subsequent experiments after simple pretreatment, and the attached soil sample is a sample in an in-situ environment, so that the requirement of a culture experiment is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of separation, in particular to a device and a method for quickly separating plant root system tissues from an attached soil sample.
Background
The plant root system supports the growth and the standing of the plant body and is also the core for the growth and the propagation of other symbiotic microorganisms in the rhizosphere environment. A large amount of research on plant root system tissues or root system attachment soil samples is carried out, wherein in the first step, the root system tissues and the attachment soil samples thereof need to be separated, and then different test methods can be adopted for investigation and research aiming at the plant root systems and the attachment soil samples. In practice, researchers often separate bulk soil samples (or sediment samples) that encapsulate root system tissue from the in situ, and then separate the root system tissue from the attached soil samples in the laboratory by washing, sonication, and high speed centrifugation. During this period, considerable time is required for operation, and the operation is limited by the root form, size and fragility of different plants, and the operation requires a great deal of labor and operation fineness.
In addition, rhizosphere soil or rhizosphere sediments are active areas of microorganisms, a large number of carbon and nitrogen source elements are gathered at the rhizosphere, and various microorganisms are propagated and succeed in the microenvironment. In order to investigate microbial communities in such micro-environments, researchers have been eagerly required to rapidly extract DNA (or RNA) from the micro-environments and analyze information on key microorganisms. Long pre-experiments may result in large deviations of the investigation results from the in situ environment. Although the freeze-drying technology can effectively avoid the problem, the freeze-dried soil sample wrapping the root system tissue is easily homogenized, and the soil sample attached to the root system can not be accurately separated, so that the great deviation of the experimental result is caused. Moreover, the method is often not suitable for experiments in which the soil sample attached to the root system needs to be collected for cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a device and a method for quickly separating plant root system tissues from an attached soil sample, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and solving the technical problems that the prior separation method cannot be carried out in situ, needs complicated operation and cannot accurately position a rhizosphere environment microorganism sample for subsequent culture. Adopt this device can quickly separating out the root system tissue and the attached soil sample of plant in the normal position environment, and effectively avoid the experiment deviation brought by the experimenter operation.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a quick separation device for plant root tissues and an attached soil sample, which comprises a main connecting rod, wherein the bottom end of the main connecting rod is fixedly connected with a first weighting block, the bottom end of the first weighting block is rotatably connected with a base through a ball bearing, the top end of the main connecting rod is provided with a rotating assembly, and the side wall of the main connecting rod is provided with a root tissue fixing assembly;
the rotating assembly comprises a pressing cross rod, a lantern ring is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the pressing cross rod, the lantern ring is slidably sleeved on the main connecting rod and moves up and down along the main connecting rod, the two ends of the pressing cross rod are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the same hemp rope, the middle position of the hemp rope is fixed at the end part of the main connecting rod through a bolt, and the cross rod is rotationally pressed to enable the hemp rope to be wound on the main connecting rod.
Furthermore, be located fixed cover is equipped with the second weight on the main connecting rod of lantern ring below, the mass distribution of second weight and first weight is even, and the focus of second weight and first weight is all on the main connecting rod. The mass distribution is even, the stability is maintained when the main connecting rod and the main connecting rod rotate together, the high rotation inertia is kept, and resistance cannot be caused in the repeated rotation acceleration process.
Further, the subassembly is fixed to root system tissue includes first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second, the same one side of first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second all with the lateral wall fixed connection of main connecting rod, and form the contained angle between first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second, one side that main connecting rod was kept away from to first netted iron wire splint is connected through the hasp with one side that main connecting rod was kept away from to the netted iron wire splint of second.
Further, fixed mounting has long soft clamp on the netted iron wire splint of first, long soft clamp is sealed fixed with the opening part that seals the bag, seal the bag and be equipped with the sample that needs the separation in, seal the bag and put flatly and smoothly between netted iron wire splint of first netted iron wire splint and second to it is fixed through the hasp.
Further, the contained angle between first netted iron wire splint of net and the netted iron wire splint of second is 10 ~ 30.
Further, the hasp is a duckbill hasp.
The invention also comprises a method for quickly separating the plant root tissues from the attached soil samples, which comprises the following steps:
(1) two ends of a hemp rope are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the pressing cross rod, the middle position of the hemp rope is fixed at the end part of the main connecting rod through a bolt, and the pressing cross rod is rotated to wind the hemp rope on the main connecting rod; then the opening of the sealing bag filled with the separated sample is sealed and fixed with the long soft clamp, and the sealing bag is flatly placed between the first reticular iron wire clamping plate and the second reticular iron wire clamping plate and is fixed through a hasp;
(2) the pressing cross rod is pressed downwards, the hemp rope wound on the main connecting rod is stretched when the pressing cross rod is pressed downwards, the main connecting rod rotates along with the hemp rope, the hemp rope is reversely wound on the main connecting rod under the action of inertia, and the pressing cross rod moves upwards; continue to exert pressure to pressing the horizontal pole, under the repeated operation, the hemp rope is constantly twined, is stretched, presses the horizontal pole and reciprocates, and the rotation rate constantly rises, realizes that root system attached soil sample is effectively separated under high-speed centrifugation.
Has the advantages that: the device can provide rapid separation operation, directly operates in situ, does not need to transfer a sample into a laboratory for separation operation, can be executed by a single operator, does not need to use an additional electric power instrument, and has simple and easy operation method; meanwhile, the device can be suitable for a straight root system and also can be used for a fibrous root system, and the operation and the performance cannot be changed due to the shape and the size of the plant root system;
the device can be used for operating samples of terrestrial plants and samples of aquatic plants, the samples cannot be used due to the water content, the separated root system samples can be directly used for subsequent experiments after simple pretreatment, and the attached soil samples are samples of in-situ environments, so that the requirements of culture experiments are met; the invention is convenient to carry, easy to manufacture and suitable for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an initial state of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the device according to the present invention with the pressing bar at the lowest position;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the device of the present invention in the uppermost position when the pressing bar is operated.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the device for rapidly separating plant root tissue from an attached soil sample of the present invention comprises a main connecting rod 1 for connecting other components and serving as a main shaft for rotating the device during operation, which is required to be straight, not bent, and maintain a center of gravity not to topple during high-speed rotation, and in this embodiment, a hollow carbon fiber rod is adopted, which is light and not easy to bend; the bottom end of the main connecting rod 1 is fixedly connected with a first weight block 2, the side wall of the main connecting rod 1 is also fixedly sleeved with a second weight block 3, the first weight block 2 and the second weight block 3 are used for increasing the quality of the whole transposition and improving the inertia, the materials are lead blocks, the first weight block 2, the second weight block 3 and the main connecting rod 1 are completely fixed, the quality distribution is uniform, the gravity centers of the second weight block 3 and the first weight block 2 are on the main connecting rod, and the stability of the main connecting rod 1 during the common rotation is guaranteed; by increasing the rationality of the first weight 2 and the second weight 3, the high rotational inertia is maintained, and resistance is not caused to the repeated rotational acceleration process;
the bottom end of the first weighting block 2 is rotatably connected with the base 5 through the ball bearing 4, the first weighting block 2 and the base 5 can rotate relatively smoothly and rapidly without damping, and displacement caused by fixing plant root system tissues during rotation can be avoided; as shown in fig. 1, the bottom caliber of the first weight 2 is slightly smaller, so that the first weight can be better connected with the ball bearing 4; the base 5 can be firmly fixed on a horizontal surface and does not move along with the operation;
the top end of the main connecting rod 1 is provided with a rotating assembly 6, the rotating assembly 6 provides rotating power for the whole transposition, the rotating assembly 6 comprises a pressing cross rod 61, the middle position of the pressing cross rod 61 is fixedly provided with a lantern ring 62, the second weighting block 3 is fixed on the main connecting rod 1 below the lantern ring 62, the lantern ring 62 is sleeved on the main connecting rod 1 in a sliding mode and moves up and down along the main connecting rod 1, two ends of the pressing cross rod 61 are fixedly connected with two ends of the same hemp rope 63 respectively, the hemp rope 63 is a double-strand hemp rope, the middle position of the hemp rope 63 is fixed at the end portion of the main connecting rod 1 through a bolt 64, and the hemp rope 63 is wound on the main connecting rod; by pressing the pressing cross bar 61, the hemp rope 63 is stretched to drive the main connecting rod 1 to rotate anticlockwise until the pressing cross bar 61 slides downwards to the lowest position, and a state diagram as shown in fig. 3 is obtained; at the moment, the main connecting rod 1 still rotates anticlockwise, the hemp rope 63 is wound along with the rotation of the main connecting rod 1 under the driving of inertia effect, the pressing cross rod 61 is pulled to slide upwards, the hemp rope 63 is stretched after the pressing cross rod 61 slides upwards to the single highest position and is pressed downwards by applying force again to drive the main connecting rod 1 to rotate clockwise, and after repeated reciprocation, the pressing cross rod 61 can slide upwards to the highest position, as shown in fig. 4, and then the whole device can rotate at the maximum rotation angular velocity;
the side wall of the main connecting rod 1 is provided with a root system tissue fixing component 7, and the root system tissue fixing component 7 is used for fixing plant root system tissues carrying rhizosphere environment soil samples through clamping without damaging the tissue samples; the root tissue fixing assembly 7 comprises a first netted iron wire clamping plate 71 and a second netted iron wire clamping plate 72, the same sides of the first netted iron wire clamping plate 71 and the second netted iron wire clamping plate 72 are fixedly connected with the side wall of the main connecting rod 1, an included angle is formed between the first netted iron wire clamping plate 71 and the second netted iron wire clamping plate 72, the included angle between the first netted iron wire clamping plate 71 and the second netted iron wire clamping plate 72 is 10-30 degrees, one side, far away from the main connecting rod 1, of the first netted iron wire clamping plate 71 is connected with one side, far away from the main connecting rod 1, of the second netted iron wire clamping plate 72 through a hasp 73, and the hasp 73 is a duckbilled hasp;
the first reticular iron wire clamping plate 71 is fixedly provided with a long soft clamp 74, the long soft clamp 74 is fixed with an opening of the sealing bag 75 in a sealing way, a sample to be separated is filled in the sealing bag 75, the sealing bag 75 is flatly placed between the first reticular iron wire clamping plate 71 and the second reticular iron wire clamping plate 72 and is fixed through a buckle 73, as shown in figure 2, root tissues and attached soil samples are placed in the sealing bag 75 and are clamped between the first reticular iron wire clamping plate 71 and the second reticular iron wire clamping plate 72, and the root tissues can be kept flat;
the invention also comprises a method for quickly separating the plant root tissues from the attached soil samples, which comprises the following steps:
(1) two ends of a hemp rope 63 are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of a pressing cross rod 61, the middle position of the hemp rope 63 is fixed at the end part of the main connecting rod 1 through a bolt 64, and the pressing cross rod 61 is rotated to wind the hemp rope 63 on the main connecting rod 1; then the opening of the sealing bag 75 filled with the separated sample is sealed and fixed with the long soft clamp 74, and the sealing bag 75 is flatly placed between the first reticular iron wire clamp plate 71 and the second reticular iron wire clamp plate 72 and is fixed through the hasp 73;
(2) the pressing cross rod 61 is pressed downwards, the hemp rope 63 wound on the main connecting rod 1 is stretched when the pressing cross rod 61 is pressed downwards, and the main connecting rod 1 rotates along with the hemp rope until the pressing cross rod 61 slides downwards to the lowest position; at the moment, the main connecting rod 1 still rotates, and under the action of inertia, the hemp rope 63 is reversely wound on the main connecting rod 1 and pulls the pressing cross rod 61 to move upwards; after the pressing cross rod 61 slides to the single highest position, the hemp rope 63 is stretched to drive the main connecting rod 1 to rotate again, after repeated operation for many times, the hemp rope 63 is continuously wound and stretched, the pressing cross rod 61 moves up and down, the rotating speed is continuously increased, the pressing cross rod 61 can slide to the highest position, at the moment, the main connecting rod 1 can rotate at the maximum rotating angular speed, under the operation, the root system attached soil sample can be effectively separated under high-speed centrifugation, and can be quickly and effectively separated and collected to the bottom of the sealing bag 75;
in addition, the root tissue and the attached soil sample can be well separated by replacing the larger sealing bag 75 for the root system of the straight root system or the wet root system of the aquatic plant.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a quick separation device of plant roots tissue and adhering soil sample which characterized in that: the root system tissue fixing device comprises a main connecting rod, wherein the bottom end of the main connecting rod is fixedly connected with a first weighting block, the bottom end of the first weighting block is rotatably connected with a base through a ball bearing, a rotating assembly is installed at the top end of the main connecting rod, and a root system tissue fixing assembly is installed on the side wall of the main connecting rod;
the rotating assembly comprises a pressing cross rod, a lantern ring is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the pressing cross rod, the lantern ring is slidably sleeved on the main connecting rod and moves up and down along the main connecting rod, the two ends of the pressing cross rod are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the same hemp rope, the middle position of the hemp rope is fixed at the end part of the main connecting rod through a bolt, and the cross rod is rotationally pressed to enable the hemp rope to be wound on the main connecting rod.
2. The device for rapidly separating the plant root system tissue from the attachment soil sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the main connecting rod below the lantern ring is fixedly sleeved with a second weight, the mass distribution of the second weight and the mass distribution of the first weight are uniform, and the gravity centers of the second weight and the first weight are on the main connecting rod.
3. The device for rapidly separating the plant root system tissue from the attachment soil sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the subassembly is fixed to root system tissue includes first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second, the same one side of first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second all with the lateral wall fixed connection of main connecting rod, and form the contained angle between first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second, one side that main connecting rod was kept away from to first netted iron wire splint is connected through the hasp with one side that main connecting rod was kept away from to the netted iron wire splint of second.
4. The device for rapidly separating the plant root system tissue from the attachment soil sample as claimed in claim 3, wherein: fixed mounting has long soft clamp on the first netted iron wire splint, long soft clamp is sealed fixed with the opening part that seals the bag, seal the bag and be equipped with the sample that needs the separation in, seal the bag and place flatly between first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second to it is fixed through the hasp.
5. The device for rapidly separating the plant root system tissue from the attachment soil sample as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the included angle between first netted iron wire splint of first netted iron wire splint and the netted iron wire splint of second is 10 ~ 30.
6. The device for rapidly separating the plant root system tissue from the attachment soil sample as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the hasp is a duckbill hasp.
7. A method for rapidly separating plant root system tissues from an attached soil sample is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) two ends of a hemp rope are respectively and fixedly connected with two ends of the pressing cross rod, the middle position of the hemp rope is fixed at the end part of the main connecting rod through a bolt, and the pressing cross rod is rotated to wind the hemp rope on the main connecting rod; then the opening of the sealing bag filled with the separated sample is sealed and fixed with the long soft clamp, and the sealing bag is flatly placed between the first reticular iron wire clamping plate and the second reticular iron wire clamping plate and is fixed through a hasp;
(2) the pressing cross rod is pressed downwards, the hemp rope wound on the main connecting rod is stretched when the pressing cross rod is pressed downwards, the main connecting rod rotates along with the hemp rope, the hemp rope is reversely wound on the main connecting rod under the action of inertia, and the pressing cross rod moves upwards; continue to exert pressure to pressing the horizontal pole, under the repeated operation, the hemp rope is constantly twined, is stretched, presses the horizontal pole and reciprocates, and the rotation rate constantly rises, realizes that root system attached soil sample is effectively separated under high-speed centrifugation.
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| CN202010552580.0A CN111562162B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Device and method for quickly separating plant root system tissues from attached soil samples |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116678670A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-09-01 | 山东省林业保护和发展服务中心 | Platycladus orientalis soil root biomass collection separator and collection separation method |
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