CN111558855A - Process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts - Google Patents
Process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111558855A CN111558855A CN202010482712.7A CN202010482712A CN111558855A CN 111558855 A CN111558855 A CN 111558855A CN 202010482712 A CN202010482712 A CN 202010482712A CN 111558855 A CN111558855 A CN 111558855A
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- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- precision mechanical
- accessory part
- parts
- precision
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts, which comprises the following steps: s1, surface treatment; s2, chemical treatment; s3, mechanical polishing: spraying polishing liquid on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, and rotating a mechanical grinding wheel to polish the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part until the surface roughness of the high-precision mechanical accessory part is Ra0.1-0.2 mm, and stopping polishing; the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are 100% of the total weight: 2-8% of sodium tetraborate, 0.4-1.5% of benzisothiazolinone, 3-10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5-6% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.0-1.8% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1-3% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.2-1.0% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water. The method of the invention can not change the dimensional accuracy and appearance of the high-precision mechanical matching parts after polishing, obviously improve the glossiness, and greatly reduce the surface roughness of the parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, in particular to a process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts.
Background
Polishing is the main method for increasing the surface smoothness and reducing the roughness of the part at present, and the polishing methods commonly used for the metal parts at present approximately comprise the following steps: (1) the more important parts are polished manually by using an abrasive material and an electric tool; (2) when the burrs are less, the microscopic protrusions on the surface of the material are corroded in the electrolyte by using current; (3) parts that are not strictly easy to deform are polished using vibration.
The high-precision mechanical matching parts are mainly used for aerospace and automobile ships, the precision of the parts can influence the whole operation of the device, the surface roughness of the high-precision mechanical matching parts obtained by the existing polishing process method is large and cannot meet the use requirement, wherein the surface of the high-precision mechanical matching parts after being polished is uneven and smooth due to unreasonable formula of the polishing solution for the high-precision mechanical matching parts, the damaged layer is deep, larger errors are caused, and meanwhile, the polishing quality is adversely affected due to the fact that the polished surface is damaged deeply and the grains of the polishing particles are unreasonable in size design, the polishing particles are easily embedded into the surface, so that the process method for polishing the high-precision mechanical matching parts is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a process method for polishing high-precision mechanical accessories.
A process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts comprises the following steps:
s1, surface treatment: placing a high-precision mechanical accessory part to be polished on a workbench, cleaning metal scraps and sundries adhered to the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, washing the high-precision mechanical accessory part with clear water after cleaning, and drying;
s2, chemical treatment: spraying an acid solution on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, standing for 5-10 min, washing with the acid solution, washing with clear water, and drying;
s3, mechanical polishing: spraying polishing liquid on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, rotating a mechanical grinding wheel to polish the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, stopping polishing until the surface roughness of the high-precision mechanical accessory part is Ra0.1-0.2 mm, cleaning metal chips and impurities generated on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part at intervals in the polishing process, and spraying the polishing liquid after the cleaning is finished;
the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are 100% of the total weight: 2-8% of sodium tetraborate, 0.4-1.5% of benzisothiazolinone, 3-10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5-6% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.0-1.8% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1-3% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.2-1.0% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
Further, the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, based on 100% of the total weight: 5-8% of sodium tetraborate, 0.8-1.2% of benzisothiazolinone, 5-10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3-5% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.2-1.6% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2.5% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.6-0.8% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
Further, the polishing solution is prepared by the following steps: respectively grinding sodium tetraborate to an average particle size of 10-18 nm, grinding modified cubic boron nitride to an average particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m, grinding a diamond composite abrasive to an average particle size of 2-3.2 mu m, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; and (2) mixing and heating benzisothiazolinone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyether modified silicone oil, perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether and water to 50-75 ℃, adding the mixed powder at the stirring speed of 100-150 r/min, and stirring uniformly to obtain the polishing solution.
Furthermore, the modified cubic boron nitride is obtained by carrying out micro-oxidation treatment modification on the surface of the cubic boron nitride by adopting a muffle furnace.
Furthermore, the diamond composite abrasive is composed of a diamond core, a silica sol particle layer coated on the periphery of the diamond core and a silica sol reinforcing layer arranged on the periphery of the silica sol particle layer.
Further, the rotating speed of the mechanical grinding wheel is 180-220 r/min, and the interval time is 8-12 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the polishing process method of the invention can not change the dimensional accuracy and appearance of the high-precision mechanical matching parts after polishing, obviously improve the glossiness, greatly reduce the surface roughness of the parts and improve the corrosion resistance and the rust resistance of the parts on the premise of not influencing the surface structure of the parts. In addition, the surface of the part polished by the polishing process method is not damaged, and the raw materials are environment-friendly and pollution-free, so that the polishing process method is suitable for popularization and use.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
S1, surface treatment: placing a high-precision mechanical accessory part to be polished on a workbench, cleaning metal scraps and sundries adhered to the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, washing the high-precision mechanical accessory part with clear water after cleaning, and drying;
s2, chemical treatment: spraying an acid solution on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, standing for 5-10 min, washing with the acid solution, washing with clear water, and drying;
s3, mechanical polishing: spraying polishing liquid on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, rotating a mechanical grinding wheel at the rotating speed of 200r/min, polishing the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part until the surface roughness of the high-precision mechanical accessory part is Ra0.1-0.2 mm, stopping polishing, cleaning metal scraps and impurities generated on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part at intervals of 15min in the polishing process, and spraying the polishing liquid after cleaning;
the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are 100% of the total weight: 5% of sodium tetraborate, 1.2% of benzisothiazolinone, 6% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2.8% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.0% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.6% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water; the preparation method comprises the steps of grinding sodium tetraborate to an average particle size of 15nm, grinding modified cubic boron nitride to an average particle size of 0.16 mu m, grinding the diamond composite abrasive to an average particle size of 2.6 mu m, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing benzisothiazolinone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyether modified silicone oil, perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether and water, heating to 60 ℃, adding the mixed powder at the stirring speed of 120r/min, and stirring uniformly.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the polishing slurry was changed.
The polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are calculated according to the total weight of 100 percent: 6% of sodium tetraborate, 1.0% of benzisothiazolinone, 5% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 6% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.8% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5% of modified cubic boron nitride, 1.0% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
Example 3
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the polishing slurry was changed.
The polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are calculated according to the total parts by weight of 100 percent: 5% of sodium tetraborate, 0.4% of benzisothiazolinone, 3% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.2% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.2% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
Example 4
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the raw materials and the preparation procedure of the polishing slurry were different.
The polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are calculated according to the total parts by weight of 100 percent: 8% of sodium tetraborate, 1.0% of benzisothiazolinone, 10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.0% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 3% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.6% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water. Respectively grinding sodium tetraborate to an average particle size of 18nm, grinding modified cubic boron nitride to an average particle size of 0.1 mu m, grinding a diamond composite abrasive to an average particle size of 3.2 mu m, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing benzisothiazolinone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyether modified silicone oil, perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether and water, heating to 50 ℃, adding the mixed powder at the stirring speed of 100r/min, and stirring uniformly.
Example 5
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the composition of the raw materials and the preparation procedure of the polishing slurry were different.
The polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are calculated according to the total parts by weight of 100 percent: 2% of sodium tetraborate, 1.5% of benzisothiazolinone, 6% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 6% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.8% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 2% of modified cubic boron nitride, 1.0% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively grinding sodium tetraborate to an average particle size of 10nm, grinding modified cubic boron nitride to an average particle size of 0.2 mu m, grinding a diamond composite abrasive to an average particle size of 2 mu m, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing benzisothiazolinone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyether modified silicone oil, perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether and water, heating to 75 ℃, adding the mixed powder at the stirring speed of 150r/min, and stirring uniformly.
Effect test
The polishing process method of the embodiments 1 to 5 and the ordinary polishing process are respectively adopted to polish the high-precision mechanical matching parts, after polishing is finished, the surface flatness and the finish degree of the high-precision mechanical matching parts adopting the polishing process methods of the embodiments 1 to 5 reach within 0.2mm and 0.2mm respectively, the surface flatness and the finish degree of the high-precision mechanical matching parts adopting the ordinary polishing process methods are above 0.6mm and above 0.7mm respectively, the high-precision mechanical matching parts adopting the polishing process methods of the embodiments 1 to 5 have good anti-corrosion and anti-rust performance, and the high-precision mechanical matching parts adopting the ordinary polishing process methods have no anti-corrosion and anti-rust performance.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, surface treatment: placing a high-precision mechanical accessory part to be polished on a workbench, cleaning metal scraps and sundries adhered to the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, washing the high-precision mechanical accessory part with clear water after cleaning, and drying;
s2, chemical treatment: spraying an acid solution on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, standing for 5-10 min, washing with the acid solution, washing with clear water, and drying;
s3, mechanical polishing: spraying polishing liquid on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, rotating a mechanical grinding wheel to polish the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part, stopping polishing until the surface roughness of the high-precision mechanical accessory part is Ra0.1-0.2 mm, cleaning metal chips and impurities generated on the surface of the high-precision mechanical accessory part at intervals in the polishing process, and spraying the polishing liquid after the cleaning is finished;
the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the raw materials are 100% of the total weight: 2-8% of sodium tetraborate, 0.4-1.5% of benzisothiazolinone, 3-10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5-6% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.0-1.8% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1-3% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.2-1.0% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
2. The process method for polishing the high-precision mechanical accessory according to claim 1, wherein the polishing solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, based on 100% of the total weight: 5-8% of sodium diborate, 0.8-1.2% of benzisothiazolinone, 5-10% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3-5% of diamond composite abrasive, 1.2-1.6% of perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2.5% of modified cubic boron nitride, 0.6-0.8% of polyether modified silicone oil and the balance of water.
3. The process method for polishing high-precision mechanical accessories according to claim 1, wherein the polishing solution is prepared by the following steps: respectively grinding sodium tetraborate to an average particle size of 10-18 nm, grinding modified cubic boron nitride to an average particle size of 0.1-0.2 mu m, grinding a diamond composite abrasive to an average particle size of 2-3.2 mu m, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing and heating benzisothiazolinone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyether modified silicone oil, perfluoroalkyl polyoxyethylene ether and water to 50-75 ℃, adding the mixed powder at the stirring speed of 100-150 r/min, and stirring uniformly.
4. The process method for polishing the high-precision mechanical matching part according to claim 1, wherein the modified cubic boron nitride is obtained by modifying the surface of the cubic boron nitride through micro oxidation treatment by using a muffle furnace.
5. A process for polishing high-precision mechanical accessories as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diamond composite abrasive is composed of a diamond core, a silica sol particle layer coated on the periphery of the diamond core, and a silica sol reinforcing layer arranged on the periphery of the silica sol particle layer.
6. A process method for polishing high-precision mechanical accessories according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the mechanical grinding wheel is 180-220 r/min, and the time interval is 8-12 min.
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| CN202010482712.7A CN111558855A (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2020-06-01 | Process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts |
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| CN202010482712.7A CN111558855A (en) | 2020-06-01 | 2020-06-01 | Process method for polishing high-precision mechanical matching parts |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112222953A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-15 | 山东国晶新材料有限公司 | Method for polishing surface of clamping rod |
| CN114150353A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-08 | 苏州昊来顺精密制造有限公司 | Surface treatment process for aviation precision part |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112222953A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-15 | 山东国晶新材料有限公司 | Method for polishing surface of clamping rod |
| CN114150353A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-08 | 苏州昊来顺精密制造有限公司 | Surface treatment process for aviation precision part |
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Application publication date: 20200821 |