CN111558454A - Dry magnetic separator and control method thereof - Google Patents
Dry magnetic separator and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111558454A CN111558454A CN202010570544.7A CN202010570544A CN111558454A CN 111558454 A CN111558454 A CN 111558454A CN 202010570544 A CN202010570544 A CN 202010570544A CN 111558454 A CN111558454 A CN 111558454A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
Abstract
The invention relates to a dry magnetic separator and a control method thereof, wherein the dry magnetic separator comprises a feeding part, a sorting part, a power part, an annular collecting part, a supporting part and a power supply part; the power part is arranged on the supporting part, the sorting part is arranged on the power part, the feeding part comprises an upper support, a blanking hopper is arranged on the upper support, the annular collecting part comprises an annular magnetic particle collecting tank and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part does not rotate, and an upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part rotates at a constant speed; the sorting part adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting sorting quantity; the sorting quantity in unit time can be conveniently adjusted, faults can be rapidly eliminated, and the operation efficiency of the whole production line is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic separation equipment, and particularly relates to a dry magnetic separator for performing magnetic separation from powder and a control method thereof.
Background
In the history of mineral extraction of human beings, magnetic separation of minerals by adopting a magnetic field has been for over one hundred years, a traditional dry magnetic separator is generally a cylindrical magnetic separator, powder to be separated after screening is fed from the upper part of the magnetic separator through a distributor and is added from a feed hopper, the powder falls in a loose state when flowing to the upper part of a roller, and magnetic materials containing iron are quickly fallen onto the roller under the combined action of gravity and magnetic force and are adsorbed on the surface of the roller. The non-magnetic material without iron falls outside the magnetic material under the action of gravity. The materials rotate along with the cylinder body, and the nonmagnetic materials fall off the cylinder body under the action of gravity and are discharged from the chute. The iron-containing magnetic material is adsorbed on the surface of the cylinder body to continue rotating until the position without magnetic force falls down by self weight and is discharged by the belt conveyor. Finally, the mixed materials are divided into two products of iron-containing materials and iron-free materials. The magnetic separator is widely used in resource recovery, wood industry, mining industry, kiln industry, chemistry, biology, food and other application occasions.
In the dry magnetic separator in the prior art, no matter a permanent magnetic system or an electromagnetic magnetic system is adopted, the magnetic system mounting structure is complex, and when the magnetic system of the magnetic separator breaks down, the magnetic separator needs to be stopped for a long time to perform troubleshooting and dismounting and replacing parts, so that the production line is stopped, and the overall working efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a dry magnetic separator with a novel structure, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a dry magnetic separator comprises a feeding part, a sorting part, a power part, an annular collecting part, a supporting part and a power supply part; the power portion install on the supporting part, select separately the portion install on the power portion, its characterized in that: the feeding part comprises an upper support, a blanking hopper is mounted on the upper support, the annular collecting part comprises an annular magnetic particle collecting tank and an annular non-magnetic particle collecting tank, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part does not rotate, and the upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to the outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part rotates at a constant speed; the sorting part adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting sorting quantity.
Further, the sorting part comprises a material receiving box, an elastic hose and a magnetic separation part; the material distribution device comprises a material receiving box, a material distribution cone, a magnetic separation part and a control part, wherein the material receiving box is provided with the material distribution cone, the cone top of the material distribution cone is opposite to a discharge hole of the discharging hopper and used for guiding falling materials to slide to the separation part, and the magnetic separation part is specifically composed of a magnetic separation tube, an electromagnetic cavity, an electromagnetic coil and a contact switch; the material receiving box is of a box body structure with a regular polygon cross section, and the upper part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening for receiving powder discharged by the discharging hopper; the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening, and each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part through a respective elastic hose, so that powder enters a magnetic separation pipe of the magnetic separation part through the opening and the elastic hose; the magnetic separation part and the corresponding elastic hose are of detachable and replaceable structures.
Further, the outside of magnetic separation pipe is provided with the electromagnetism chamber, the electromagnetism chamber sets up to surround wholly the outer wall of magnetic separation pipe is installed in the magnetic separation pipe solenoid surrounds equally the outer wall of whole magnetic separation pipe, install outside the electromagnetism chamber contact switch, can after the solenoid circular telegram form the magnetic field in the pipeline of magnetic separation pipe, contact switch is used for control the break-make of solenoid power supply.
Further, the power part comprises a rotating column, a contact rod, a transmission mechanism and a motor; the supporting part comprises a middle supporting frame, a bottom supporting frame and a power distribution mounting groove, and the middle supporting frame and the power distribution mounting groove are both mounted on the bottom supporting frame; the power part is arranged on the supporting part; the rotating column is of a hollow structure.
Furthermore, the middle part of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the middle support frame through an upper bearing, the lower part of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the power distribution mounting groove through a lower bearing, the bottom of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the bottom support frame through a bottom bearing, the bottom bearing is preferably a thrust bearing, the top of the rotary column is fixedly connected to the central position of the bottom of the material receiving box, the motor is mounted on the bottom support frame, and the motor transmits power to the rotary column through the transmission mechanism, so that the rotary column rotates to drive the whole sorting part to rotate; the middle support frame is preferably of a round table structure, the power distribution mounting groove is preferably of a rectangular box structure, and the lower bearing and the bottom bearing are arranged inside the power distribution mounting groove and are fixed in position through a fixing sleeve.
Further, the contact lever is mounted on the upper portion of the rotary column, the distal end of the contact lever is engaged with the contact switch, the solenoid is de-energized when the contact lever is in contact with the contact switch, and the solenoid is energized when the contact lever is not in contact with the contact switch.
Further, it is characterized in that: the power supply part comprises an electric brush, a distribution ring, a conversion circuit, a direct current lead and an elastic spiral lead; the distribution ring sets up the column spinner lower part is located in the distribution mounting groove, the distribution ring is formed by the semi-circular ring butt joint that two conducting material made, two the butt joint department all is provided with the insulating block, the brush has two, and a connection power is anodal, and a connection power negative pole, every the brush head of brush and one rather than corresponding the contact in the semi-circular ring outside realizes the electrical property and switches on, every the inboard of semi-circular ring all is connected with a wire, and two wires are connected to in the converting circuit.
Further, the conversion circuit realizes stable direct current output through the direct current lead by a rectifier bridge and a voltage stabilizing capacitor circuit, the electric brush is arranged in the power distribution installation groove, and the conversion circuit is arranged in the inner channel of the rotary column; the direct current wire is along the internal channel of column spinner upwards extends, is being close to the position of material receiving box lower part divides into the multibeam, every bunch direct current wire is along material receiving box bottom to the magnetic separation portion extends, is being close to behind the position of magnetic separation portion the direct current wire passes through elasticity spiral wire electric connection to contact switch, through contact switch is for the solenoid supplies power.
Further, it is characterized in that: the whole connect the workbin inner wall, divide the material awl surface and the elastic hose with all be provided with polymer base self-lubricating material layer on the interior pipe wall of magnetic separation pipe.
The control method of the dry magnetic separator comprises the following operation steps in one operation period:
firstly, starting a motor of a power part, driving a rotary column to rotate by the motor through a transmission mechanism so as to drive the whole sorting part to rotate, wherein when the rotating speed of the motor is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between a magnetic separation part and a horizontal plane under the action of centrifugal force, and an outlet of a magnetic separation pipe corresponds to an upper end opening of an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank; the contact switch is disconnected with the contact rod, the contact switch is closed, and the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube after being electrified;
then, the powdery material to be sorted is added into the material receiving box through the discharging hopper, the powdery material is divided by the material dividing cone and then enters the magnetic separation pipe through the elastic hose through the opening on the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box, the ferromagnetic material in the powder to be sorted is adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe by the magnetic field under the action of the magnetic field, and the nonmagnetic material is discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe;
finally, after operation a period, the unloading of hopper under the stopping, close the operation of the motor of power portion after that, sorting portion stall gradually, the effect of centrifugal force disappears, magnetic separation portion is gradually by outside open position perpendicular to horizontal plane gradually, the upper end opening of the export correspondence annular magnetic particle collecting vat of magnetic separation pipe this moment, contact between contact switch and the contact lever, the contact switch disconnection, solenoid cuts off the power supply, the magnetic field in the magnetic separation pipe pipeline disappears, ferromagnetic material in the magnetic separation pipe pipeline loses the adsorption affinity and falls into annular magnetic particle collecting vat.
Compared with the prior art, the dry magnetic separator has the advantages that the dry magnetic separator with a new structure is adopted, the separation amount in unit time can be expanded by arranging the shape of the material receiving box in the separation part, and meanwhile, the side edges of the openings and the number of the magnetic separation parts connected with the side edges can be selectively increased or reduced according to actual separation requirements, so that the purpose of adjusting the separation amount in unit time is achieved; meanwhile, a redundant installation mode can be adopted, when one or more magnetic separation parts have faults, the magnetic separation part with the faults can be conveniently and directly replaced, or the magnetic separation part with the faults is sealed, the work of other normal magnetic separation parts is not influenced, the operation efficiency of the whole production line is effectively improved, and the magnetic separator has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main view of a magnetic separator according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator in a rotating state according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a magnetic separator according to the first embodiment in a rotating state;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator in the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the magnetic separator of the second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is the main view of the magnetic separator in the third embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the main structure of a magnetic separator in the third embodiment;
FIG. 9 shows a detailed structure of a power supply unit of a magnetic separator;
FIG. 10 is a top view structural view of a plural kinds of sorting units in the fourth embodiment
Description of the reference numerals
1. A feeding section; 11. an upper bracket; 12. a flush pipe; 121. a low pressure flush pipe; 122. a high pressure flush pipe; 13. a slurry pipe; 14. a discharge pipe; 141. discharging and necking; 15. feeding a hopper;
2. a sorting section; 21. a material receiving box; 211. a baffle plate; 212. a material separating cone; 22. an elastic hose; 23. a magnetic separation section; 231. a magnetic separation tube; 232. an electromagnetic cavity; 233. an electromagnetic coil; 234. a contact switch;
3. a power section; 31. a spin column; 32. a contact lever; 33. a transmission mechanism; 34. a motor;
4. an annular collecting portion; 41. a magnetic particle collection tank; 42. a non-magnetic particle collection tank;
5. a support portion; 51. a middle support frame; 511. an upper bearing; 52. a bottom support frame; 53. a power distribution mounting groove; 531. a lower bearing; 532. fixing a sleeve; 533. a bottom bearing;
6. a power supply unit; 61. an electric brush; 62. a distribution ring; 622. an insulating block; 63. a conversion circuit; 631. a rectifier bridge; 632. a voltage stabilizing capacitor; 64. a direct current lead; 65. an elastic spiral wire.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.
Example one
Referring to FIG. 1, the magnetic separator includes a feed section 1, a sorting section 2, a power section 3, an annular collecting section 4, a support section 5, and a power supply section 6.
Referring to fig. 2, the magnetic separator is a wet magnetic separator for magnetically separating slurry mixed with magnetic materials, and a feeding part 1 of the magnetic separator is provided with an upper bracket 11, a flushing pipe 12, a slurry pipe 13 and a discharging pipe 14; the upper bracket 11 is arranged at the upper part of the whole wet magnetic separator, and the flushing pipe 12, the slurry pipe 13 and the discharge pipe 14 are fixed through the upper bracket 11; the flushing pipe 12 and the slurry pipe 13 are respectively provided with a valve, and the valves can be manual valves or electric control valves; the flushing pipe 12 is filled with clear water for flushing, the slurry pipe 13 is filled with prepared slurry to be magnetically separated, the flushing pipe 12 and the slurry pipe 13 are both communicated with the discharge pipe 14, and the discharge pipe 14 supplies liquid to the separation part 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the sorting part 2 of the magnetic separator comprises a material receiving box 21, an elastic hose 22 and a magnetic separation part 23; the magnetic separation part 23 is composed of a magnetic separation tube 231, an electromagnetic cavity 232, an electromagnetic coil 233 and a contact switch 234; the material receiving box 21 is of a rectangular structure, and the upper part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening for receiving liquid discharged from the outlet of the material discharging pipe 14; the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 is provided with an opening, each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part 23 through a respective elastic hose 22, so that liquid enters the magnetic separation part 23 through the opening and the elastic hose 22, the specific elastic hose 22 is communicated with an inlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, and the magnetic separation part 23 and the corresponding elastic hose 22 are of a detachable and replaceable structure. An electromagnetic cavity 232 is arranged outside the magnetic separation tube 231, an electromagnetic coil 233 is arranged in the electromagnetic cavity 232 and close to the outer wall of the magnetic separation tube 231, a contact switch 234 is arranged outside the electromagnetic cavity 232, the electromagnetic coil 233 can form a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified, and the contact switch 234 is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply of the electromagnetic coil 233; preferably, openings at two sides of the lower portion of the material receiving box 21 are rectangular structures, the corresponding pipeline cross sections of the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation tube 231 are also rectangular structures, the magnetic separation tube 231 is preferably made of paramagnetic materials, and the elastic hose 22 is preferably made of high polymer materials such as rubber.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the power section 3 of the magnetic separator comprises a rotary column 31, a contact rod 32, a transmission mechanism 33 and a motor 34; the supporting part 5 of the magnetic separator comprises a middle supporting frame 51, a bottom supporting frame 52 and a power distribution mounting groove 53, wherein the middle supporting frame 51 and the power distribution mounting groove 53 are both mounted on the bottom supporting frame 52; the power part 3 of the magnetic separator is installed on the supporting part 5, the middle part of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the middle supporting frame 51 through the upper bearing 511, the lower part of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the power distribution installation groove 53 through the lower bearing 531, the bottom of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the bottom supporting frame 52 through the bottom bearing 533, the bottom bearing 533 is preferably a thrust bearing, the top of the rotating column 31 is fixedly connected to the central position of the bottom of the material receiving box 21, and the rotating column 31 is of a hollow structure; the motor 34 is arranged on the bottom support frame 52, the motor 34 transmits power to the rotary column 31 through the transmission mechanism 33, so that the rotary column 31 rotates to drive the whole sorting part 2 to rotate, the transmission mechanism 33 is arranged between the middle support frame 51 and the power distribution installation groove 53, and can be in various forms such as belt transmission, chain transmission, gear transmission and the like, and the belt transmission structure is drawn in the drawing; the contact lever 32 is installed on the upper portion of the rotary column 31, the distal end of the contact lever 32 cooperates with the contact switch 234 of the sorting section 2, the contact switch 234 is a normally closed switch in normal operation, the electromagnetic coil 233 is de-energized when the contact lever 32 contacts the contact switch 234, and the electromagnetic coil 233 is energized when the contact lever 32 does not contact the contact switch 234; the lower part of the bottom support frame 52 is provided with an adjustable support leg; the middle support frame 51 is preferably in a circular truncated cone structure, the upper bearing 511 is arranged at the upper part of the middle support frame, the power distribution installation groove 53 is preferably in a rectangular box structure, and the lower bearing 531 and the bottom bearing 533 are arranged in the power distribution installation groove 53 and are positioned and fixed through a fixing sleeve 532;
referring to fig. 2-4, the annular collecting portion 4 of the magnetic separator includes a magnetic particle collecting tank 41 and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42, both the magnetic particle collecting tank 41 and the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 are circular grooves, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank 41, when the sorting portion 2 does not rotate, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank 41 corresponds to an outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231, and when the sorting portion 2 rotates at a constant speed, an upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 corresponds to an outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231; the inner side wall of the preferred magnetic particle collecting tank 41 is fixedly connected with a middle supporting frame 51 of a circular truncated cone structure.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 9, the power supply part 6 of the magnetic separator comprises a brush 61, a distribution ring 62, a conversion circuit 63, a direct current lead 64 and an elastic spiral lead 65; the distribution ring 62 of the power supply part 6 is arranged at the lower part of the rotary column 31 and positioned in the distribution mounting groove 53, the distribution ring 62 is formed by butting two semicircular rings made of conductive materials, an insulating block 622 is arranged at the butt joint of the two semicircular rings, so that electrical isolation exists between the two semicircular rings, two brushes 61 are provided, one brush is connected with a power supply anode and the other brush is connected with a power supply cathode, the brush head of each brush 61 is contacted with the outer side of one semicircular ring to realize electrical conduction, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a lead, the two leads are connected into a conversion circuit 63, stable direct current is output through a direct current lead 64 by a rectifier bridge 631 and a voltage stabilizing capacitor 632, the brushes 61 are arranged in the distribution mounting groove 53, and the conversion circuit 63 is arranged in an internal channel of the rotary column 31; the direct current lead 64 extends upwards along the internal channel of the rotary column 31 and is divided into a plurality of bundles at the position close to the lower part of the material receiving box 21, each bundle of direct current lead 64 extends towards the magnetic separation part 23 along the bottom of the material receiving box 21, the direct current lead 64 is electrically connected to the contact switch 234 through the elastic spiral lead 65 after the position close to the magnetic separation part 23, the contact switch 234 supplies power to the electromagnetic coil 233, and the structure of the elastic spiral lead 65 can effectively reduce the metal fatigue inside the lead and the lead fracture caused by the lead dragging of the magnetic separation part 23 during movement.
The working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 1-4 and 9, when the wet magnetic separator is used, firstly, the motor 34 of the power part 3 is started, the motor 34 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 33, the rotating column 31 drives the material receiving box 21 fixedly connected with the rotating column 31 to rotate, so as to drive the whole separation part 2 to rotate, when the separation part 2 rotates, the magnetic separation part 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually expands outwards from a position vertical to the horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, when the rotating speed of the motor 34 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation part 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is opened, the prepared slurry to be sorted is introduced into the discharge pipe 14, the slurry to be sorted is discharged into the material receiving box 21 of the sorting part 2 through the outlet of the discharge pipe 14, and enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings on the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22, due to the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted are adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, the nonmagnetic materials are discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, and the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the current magnitude of the electromagnetic coil 233, so that the ferromagnetic materials with different magnetic intensities can be selected.
Finally, after a period of time has elapsed, the valve in the slurry pipe 13 is closed, the feed of the slurry to be sorted is cut off, then the operation of the motor 34 of the power section 3 is turned off, the sorting section 2 gradually stops rotating, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes vertical to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the effect of the centrifugal force, at this time, the outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, at this time, the contact switch 234 is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, and opening the valve of the flushing pipe 12 to flush the whole sorting part 2 with clear water to assist the collection of ferromagnetic materials, and closing the valve of the flushing pipe 12 after flushing.
The operation process of the wet magnetic separator in one operation period is the above, and the specific operation time can be correspondingly adjusted and designed according to the actual material sorting condition.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5-6, the magnetic separator of this embodiment is an energy-saving wet magnetic separator, which is further modified to save energy on the basis of the first embodiment, in which the transmission mechanism 33 and the motor 34 in the power portion 3 in the first embodiment are removed, and the flushing pipe 12 is specifically divided into a low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and a high-pressure flushing pipe 122, the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 are both communicated with the discharge pipe 14, and the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 are both provided with respective valves, which may be manual valves or electric control valves, low-pressure clear water is introduced into the low-pressure flushing pipe 121, and high-pressure clear water is introduced into the high-pressure flushing pipe 122; in the embodiment, high-pressure slurry is introduced into the slurry pipe 13; a plurality of discharge throats 141 are installed on the outlet of the discharge pipe 14 for spraying out liquid.
Connect and be provided with a plurality of baffle 211 that is the radial distribution in center on the bottom of the case of workbin 21, the spout of ejection of compact throat 141 corresponds baffle 211 for when high-pressure clear water or high-pressure thick liquids erupt from ejection of compact throat 141, can strike the side of baffle 211, a plurality of ejection of compact throat 141 can produce the impact that lasts to a plurality of baffle 211, thereby drives and connects workbin 21 and whole sorting unit 2 to rotate.
The working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 5-6 and 9, when the energy-saving wet magnetic separator is used, firstly, the valve of the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 is opened, high-pressure clean water is ejected through the discharge pipe 14 and the discharge reducing ports 141 and impacts the side surface of the baffle 211, the discharge reducing ports 141 can continuously impact the baffle 211, so as to drive the material receiving box 21 and the whole separation part 2 to rotate, when the separation part 2 rotates, due to the action of centrifugal force, the magnetic separation part 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually opens outwards from a position perpendicular to the horizontal plane, when the rotation speed of the separation part 2 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation part 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the valve of the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 is closed, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is opened at the same time, the blended high-pressure slurry to be sorted is introduced into the discharge pipe 14, the high-pressure slurry to be sorted is ejected through the discharge pipe 14 and the discharge reducing ports 141 and impacts the side surfaces of the baffles 211 in the material receiving box 21, the high-pressure slurry ejected through the discharge reducing ports 141 can continuously impact the baffles 211 to adjust the pressure of the slurry, so that the sorting part 2 keeps the original rotating state, the slurry to be sorted enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings on the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22, due to the action of the magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted are adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, nonmagnetic materials are discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude, so that ferromagnetic materials with different magnetic strengths can be selected and sorted.
Finally, after a period of time, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is closed, the conveying of the high-pressure slurry to be sorted is cut off, the sorting part 2 stops rotating gradually, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes vertical to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the effect of the centrifugal force, at this time, the outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, at this time, the contact switch 234 is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, and opening the valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 to flush the whole sorting part 2 with clear water to assist the collection of ferromagnetic materials, and closing the valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 after flushing.
The working process of the energy-saving wet magnetic separator in one operation period is described above, and the specific operation time and the liquid pressure can be adjusted and designed correspondingly according to the actual material separation condition.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to the attached fig. 7-9, the magnetic separator of this embodiment is a dry magnetic separator, which is used for magnetic separation of dry powder materials, and is adapted on the basis of the first embodiment, the flushing pipe 12, the slurry pipe 13 and the discharging pipe 14 of the feeding portion 1 in the first embodiment are removed, the discharging hopper 15 is installed on the upper support 11 of the feeding portion 1, and the outlet of the discharging hopper 15 corresponds to the upper opening of the receiving box 21 in the separation portion 2; a material distributing cone 212 is arranged in the material receiving box 21, and the cone top of the material distributing cone 212 is opposite to the discharge hole of the lower hopper 15 and used for guiding the falling materials to slide to the sorting part 2.
Because the material being magnetically separated is dry powder material, in order to improve the separation efficiency of the magnetic separation part 23, the electromagnetic cavity 232 in the first embodiment is arranged to surround the outer wall of the whole magnetic separation tube 231, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic coil 233 arranged in the magnetic separation tube 231 also surrounds the outer wall of the whole magnetic separation tube 231, so that the strength of the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 can be improved, the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution therein can also be improved, and the capture capacity of the magnetic particles in the dry powder material is improved.
Polymer-based self-lubricating material layers, such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyimide (PI), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), Polyoxymethylene (POM), and the like, are arranged on the inner wall of the whole material receiving box 21, the outer surface of the material separating cone 212 and the inner pipe walls of the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation pipe 231, so that the material conveying capacity is improved;
the working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 7-9, when the dry magnetic separator is used, firstly, the motor 34 of the power section 3 is started, the motor 34 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 33, the rotating column 31 drives the material receiving box 21 fixedly connected with the rotating column 31 to rotate, so as to drive the whole separation section 2 to rotate, when the separation section 2 rotates, the magnetic separation section 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually opens outwards from a position vertical to the horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, when the rotating speed of the motor 34 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation section 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the powdery material to be sorted is added into the material receiving box 21 through the discharging hopper 15, the powdery material is divided by the material dividing cone 212 and then enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings at the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22 (the separation part drives the powdery material therein to generate centrifugal force when rotating and can assist the flowing of the powdery material), due to the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material in the powdery material to be sorted is adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, the nonmagnetic material is discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the current magnitude of the electromagnetic coil 233, and therefore the ferromagnetic material with different magnetic strengths can be selected and sorted.
Finally, after a period of time, the discharging of the hopper 15 is stopped, then the operation of the motor 34 of the power part 3 is closed, the separation part 2 stops rotating gradually, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes perpendicular to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the action of centrifugal force, the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is disconnected at this time, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, meanwhile, due to the adoption of the polymer-based self-lubricating material layer, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, volatile liquid such as methanol, ethanol and the like can be used for washing the whole magnetic separation part, or the, and (5) assisting the collection of ferromagnetic materials.
The operation process of the dry magnetic separator in one operation period is the above, and the specific operation time can be correspondingly adjusted and designed according to the actual material sorting condition.
Example four
Referring to fig. 10, the sorting part 2 is modified on the basis of the first, second and third embodiments, the material receiving box 21 is a cube or a regular hexagon cube, each side of the material receiving box 21 has an opening, each side is connected with the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation part 23, the openings, the elastic hoses 22 and the magnetic separation part 23 are sequentially communicated, the sorting amount in unit time can be expanded by setting the shape of the material receiving box 21 in the sorting part 2, and the number of the opening sides and the magnetic separation parts 23 connected with the opening sides can be selectively increased or decreased according to actual sorting requirements, so that the purpose of adjusting the sorting amount in unit time is achieved; meanwhile, a redundant installation mode can be adopted, when one or more magnetic separation parts 23 have faults, the magnetic separation part 23 with the faults can be directly replaced, or the magnetic separation part 23 with the faults is sealed, and the work of other normal magnetic separation parts 23 is not influenced.
The technical solutions in the above embodiments have clearly and completely described the contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dry magnetic separator comprises a feeding part (1), a sorting part (2), a power part (3), an annular collecting part (4), a supporting part (5) and a power supply part (6); power portion (3) is installed on supporting part (5), select separately portion (2) and install on power portion (3), its characterized in that: the feeding part (1) comprises an upper support (11), a blanking hopper (15) is installed on the upper support (11), the annular collecting part (4) comprises an annular magnetic particle collecting tank (41) and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42), the non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42) is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank (41), when the sorting part (2) does not rotate, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank (41) corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part (2), and when the sorting part (2) rotates at a constant speed, an upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42) corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part (2); the sorting part (2) adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting the sorting quantity.
2. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 1 wherein: the sorting part (2) comprises a material receiving box (21), an elastic hose (22) and a magnetic separation part (23); a material distributing cone (212) is arranged in the material receiving box (21), the cone top of the material distributing cone (212) is over against the discharge hole of the discharging hopper (15) and is used for guiding falling materials to slide to the sorting part (2), and the magnetic separation part (23) is specifically composed of a magnetic separation tube (231), an electromagnetic cavity (232), an electromagnetic coil (233) and a contact switch (234); the material receiving box (21) is of a box body structure with a regular polygon cross section, and the upper part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening for receiving powder discharged by the discharging hopper (15); the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box (21) is provided with an opening, each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part (23) through a respective elastic hose (22), so that powder enters a magnetic separation pipe (231) of the magnetic separation part (23) through the opening and the elastic hose (22); the magnetic separation part (23) and the corresponding elastic hose (22) are of a detachable and replaceable structure.
3. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 2 wherein: the outside of magnetic separation pipe (231) is provided with electromagnetism chamber (232), electromagnetism chamber (232) set up to surround wholly the outer wall of magnetic separation pipe (231) is installed in magnetic separation pipe (231) solenoid (233) surround equally the outer wall of whole magnetic separation pipe (231), install outside electromagnetism chamber (232) contact switch (234), can be in after solenoid (233) circular telegram form the magnetic field in the pipeline of magnetic separation pipe (231), contact switch (234) are used for control the break-make of solenoid (233) power supply.
4. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 3 wherein: the power part (3) comprises a rotating column (31), a contact rod (32), a transmission mechanism (33) and a motor (34); the supporting part (5) comprises a middle supporting frame (51), a bottom supporting frame (52) and a power distribution mounting groove (53), and the middle supporting frame (51) and the power distribution mounting groove (53) are mounted on the bottom supporting frame (52); the power part (3) is arranged on the supporting part (5); the rotating column (31) is of a hollow structure.
5. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 4 wherein: the middle part of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the middle support frame (51) through an upper bearing (511), the lower part of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the power distribution installation groove (53) through a lower bearing (531), the bottom of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the bottom support frame (52) through a bottom bearing (533), the bottom bearing (533) is preferably a thrust bearing, the top of the rotary column (31) is fixedly connected to the central position of the bottom of the material receiving box (21), the motor (34) is installed on the bottom support frame (52), and the motor (34) transmits power to the rotary column (31) through the transmission mechanism (33), so that the rotary column (31) rotates to drive the whole sorting part (2) to rotate; the middle support frame (51) is preferably of a circular truncated cone structure, the power distribution mounting groove (53) is preferably of a rectangular box structure, and the lower bearing (531) and the bottom bearing (533) are arranged inside the power distribution mounting groove (53) and are positioned and fixed through a fixing sleeve (532).
6. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 5 wherein: the contact lever (32) is mounted on the upper portion of the rotary column (31), the distal end of the contact lever (32) is engaged with the contact switch (234), the electromagnetic coil (233) is de-energized when the contact lever (32) contacts the contact switch (234), and the electromagnetic coil (233) is energized when the contact lever (32) does not contact the contact switch (234).
7. A dry magnetic separator as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein: the power supply part (6) comprises a brush (61), a distribution ring (62), a conversion circuit (63), a direct current lead (64) and an elastic spiral lead (65); distribution ring (62) set up and are in column spinner (31) lower part is located in distribution mounting groove (53), distribution ring (62) are formed by the semi-circular ring butt joint that two conducting material made, two butt joint department all is provided with insulating block (622), brush (61) have two, a connection power positive pole, a connection power negative pole, every brush head and the one that corresponds of brush (61) the semi-circular ring outside contact realizes the electrical conduction, every the inboard of semi-circular ring all is connected with a wire, two wires are connected to in converting circuit (63).
8. The dry magnetic separator as recited in claim 7 wherein: the conversion circuit (63) realizes stable direct current output through the direct current lead (64) through a rectifier bridge (631) and a voltage stabilizing capacitor (632) circuit, the electric brush (61) is arranged in the power distribution installation groove (53), and the conversion circuit (63) is arranged in an internal channel of the rotary column (31); direct current wire (64) are followed the interior passageway of column spinner (31) upwards extends, is being close to connect the position of workbin (21) lower part to divide into the multibeam, every bunch direct current wire (64) are followed connect workbin (21) bottom to magnetic separation portion (23) extend, be close to after the position of magnetic separation portion (23) direct current wire (64) pass through elasticity spiral wire (65) electric connection to contact switch (234), through contact switch (234) are for solenoid (233) power supply.
9. A dry magnetic separator as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 8 wherein: the inner wall of the material receiving box (21) is provided with polymer-based self-lubricating material layers on the outer surface of the material separating cone (212), the elastic hose (22) and the inner pipe wall of the magnetic separation pipe (231).
10. A dry magnetic separator control method using a dry magnetic separator as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 9, comprising the following steps during one operational cycle:
firstly, a motor (34) of a power part (3) is started, the motor (34) drives a rotary column (31) to rotate through a transmission mechanism (33), so that the whole sorting part (2) is driven to rotate, when the rotating speed of the motor (34) is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between a magnetic separation part (23) and the horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, and an outlet of a magnetic separation pipe (231) corresponds to an upper end opening of an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank (42); the contact switch (234) is separated from the contact rod (32), the contact switch (234) is closed, and the electromagnetic coil (233) generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube (231) after being electrified;
then, the powdery material to be sorted is added into the material receiving box (21) through the discharging hopper (15), the powdery material is divided by the material dividing cone (212) and then enters the magnetic separation pipe (231) through the opening on the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box (21) and the elastic hose (22), due to the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material in the powdery material to be sorted is absorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231) by the magnetic field, and the nonmagnetic material is discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank (42) through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe (231);
and finally, after the magnetic separation device runs for a period of time, stopping the feeding of the feeding hopper (15), then closing the running of the motor (34) of the power part (3), gradually stopping the rotation of the separation part (2), eliminating the action of centrifugal force, gradually enabling the magnetic separation part (23) to be gradually vertical to the horizontal plane from the outwards opened position, enabling the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe (231) to correspond to the upper end opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank (41), enabling the contact switch (234) to be in contact with the contact rod (32), disconnecting the contact switch (234), cutting off the electromagnetic coil (233), eliminating the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231), and enabling ferromagnetic materials in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231) to lose adsorption force and fall into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank (41).
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| CN111558454B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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