CN111552762A - Orchard planting digital map management method and system based on fruit tree coding - Google Patents
Orchard planting digital map management method and system based on fruit tree coding Download PDFInfo
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/02—Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of refined orchard management, and particularly relates to an orchard planting digital map management method based on fruit tree coding, which comprises the following steps of S1, acquiring orchard image information, and splicing and synthesizing the acquired orchard images into a big map; s2, identifying the crowns of the spliced pictures, and identifying all fruit trees from which the pictures are extracted; s3, calculating the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree by calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree in the image and the actual coordinate of the image reference point in the geographic information system; s4, embedding the image with the identified actual geographic coordinate position into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map; s5, codes are given to the fruit trees on the orchard planting digital map; the method can quickly count the number, the geographical position, the historical farming activities and the like of the fruit trees in a certain plot on the map, so that a farm manager can directly list the whole garden from the map, and the yield estimation, the cost control and the fine management of the orchard are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refined orchard management, and particularly relates to an orchard planting digital map management system based on fruit tree coding.
Background
Orchard fine management is an important component of agricultural informatization, the quantity and state information of cash crops are the key of agricultural planting, real-time and accurate information can help managers to better control cost, improve yield and avoid risks, and the method is also an effective way for improving orchard modernization management efficiency and increasing economic income. As modern orchards are getting bigger and bigger, orchard individual identification and counting by means of manual statistical methods are difficult. In addition, in order to adapt to the daily management of the orchard, the fruit tree identification and counting should be more accurate and have real-time performance. In the traditional large-scale crop planting, one fruit tree is difficult to count, the counting is performed primarily and slightly in a row-column mode, the accuracy is low, and the method is more difficult to apply to irregular terrains. Moreover, the fruit tree cannot be coded and documented, and the information of the historical condition, the current growth state and the like of the fruit tree is difficult to count. The individual identification and accurate counting of fruit trees are important data bases for orchard modernization applications such as accurate fertilization, accurate medication, yield prediction, agricultural insurance and the like. According to the fruit tree source informatization tracing method in Chinese patent application '201510449626.5', an 'electronic tag' is implanted in a fruit tree trunk, a radio frequency identification technology is used for positioning each fruit tree and giving coding management, although the identification statistical management of each fruit tree can be realized, the 'electronic tag' needs to be implanted in no fruit tree, the method is complex, the working intensity is high, more hardware is needed for assistance, and the use cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the dynamic data system of the planting base is established based on fruit tree codes and visually presented on a GIS system, the number, the geographic position, historical farming activities and the like of fruit trees in a certain plot can be rapidly counted on a map, a farm manager can conveniently list the whole garden directly from the map, and the yield assessment, the cost control and the fine management of the orchard are realized.
In order to solve the problems, the orchard planting digital mapping management method based on fruit tree coding comprises the following steps
S1, obtaining orchard image information, and splicing the obtained orchard images to form a big image;
s2, identifying the crowns of the spliced pictures, and identifying all fruit trees from which the pictures are extracted;
s3, calculating the actual geographic coordinate position of each fruit tree by calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree in the image and the actual coordinate of the image reference point in the geographic information system;
s4, embedding the image with the identified actual geographic coordinate position into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map;
and S5, endowing codes to the fruit trees on the orchard planting digital map, and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map.
Further, the step S2 identifying the crown includes:
s2-1 image preprocessing, preprocessing the large image spliced in the step S1, and converting the complex image into a color block;
s2-2, extracting colors of the tree crowns, and further eliminating most of backgrounds;
s2-3, denoising, namely denoising the image subjected to the color extraction in the step S2-2 to remove some noise points and blocks;
s2-4, modeling, marking the image of the fruit tree as a training sample library, and training the fruit tree training sample library for a fruit tree single plant recognition model to obtain the fruit tree single plant recognition model;
s2-5, matching and identifying, and making an orchard planting digital map by using the trained model to match and identify the fruit trees of the images.
Further, the step S3 includes setting an image reference point in the orchard, and calculating the actual coordinate position of the fruit tree on the geographic information system map by obtaining the actual coordinate position of the image reference point on the geographic information system map and simultaneously calculating the coordinate positions of the image reference point and the fruit tree in the image.
Further, the step S4 includes slicing the image obtained in the step S3 according to a mapping system, finding two obvious reference points in the image, finding out corresponding geographic coordinate positions in the map points, and slicing the image using a slicing tool.
Further, the method comprises the steps of counting and classifying the covering objects on the map, utilizing positioning equipment to collect position information of the garden, sending the positioning information to a server, and displaying the positioning information on the digital map planted in the garden.
The invention also provides an orchard planting digital management system based on fruit tree coding, which comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module, an image identification module and a GIS information module which are electrically connected with each other,
the image acquisition module acquires images of the orchard by using the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain an orchard aerial photograph;
the image processing module is used for cutting and splicing the clear aerial images of the orchard into a big image finished in the orchard;
the image identification module is used for identifying the fruit trees on the spliced orchard large image and calculating the actual geographic position information of the fruit trees;
and the GIS information module is used for embedding the image of the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map.
Furthermore, the image acquisition module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-definition camera, a flight control unit and a storage unit, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for carrying out aerial photography of the garden, and the high-definition camera is used for photographing an orthographic picture of the garden; the flight control unit is used for controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to a planned route, the park is completely photographed, and the storage unit is used for storing aerial image information.
Further, the image recognition module comprises a tree recognition unit and a position calculation unit,
the tree-shaped identification unit is used for identifying the fruit trees according to the color difference between the fruit trees and the surrounding environment;
the position calculation unit is used for calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree identification point in the image to deduce the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree, so as to realize the geographic position information of each fruit tree.
Further, the GIS information module comprises a slicing unit, a map covering unit, a data statistical unit and an internet of things control unit,
the slicing unit searches two obvious reference points on the aerial photography image, then finds out corresponding geographic position information on the map, and slices by using a slicing tool and embeds the information into the map;
the map covering unit is used for endowing codes to the fruit trees on the GIS map and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map;
the data statistical unit is used for counting statistical information of the actual object through the map covering unit;
and the Internet of things control unit is used for interfacing the equipment control interface of the park to a digital map so as to realize the direct operation of the park equipment on the map.
The system further comprises a positioning module, wherein the positioning module is used for acquiring real-time position information in the park, sending the positioning information to the server and displaying the positioning information on the digital map.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the high-altitude aerial photography technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle, can present the garden of the whole planting base, forms a garden digital map by calculating the geographical position information of the fruit trees and embedding the geographical position information into a GIS system, encodes the fruit trees identified by the image and records the farming information of the encoded fruit trees, establishes a unique electronic identity card for each fruit tree, refines the management to each fruit tree and one person, can rapidly count the number, the geographical position, the historical farming activities and the like of a certain plot on the map, is convenient for a farm manager to directly list the whole garden from the map, and realizes the yield estimation, the cost control and the fine management of the orchard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an image acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an image recognition module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a GIS information module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a digital map for orchard planting according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of fruit tree identification by digital map for orchard planting according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Orchard planting digital map management method based on fruit tree coding comprises the following steps
S1, obtaining orchard image information, and splicing the obtained orchard images to form a big image; in the embodiment, the high-altitude aerial photography technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted to acquire complete orchard image information, the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be 60-500 m, and a high-definition camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for shooting a positive photographic image of a garden. The shot high-definition pictures are spliced to synthesize a complete park picture, in the embodiment, a Pix4Dmap aerial photo splicing tool is adopted to splice aerial photos, and a high-definition png format synthetic picture is derived.
S2, identifying the crown of the spliced picture, identifying all fruit trees from which the picture is extracted, identifying the fruit trees by the color difference between the fruit trees and the surrounding environment, and manually correcting the partially complex environment in which the fruit trees cannot be accurately identified;
s2-1 image preprocessing, preprocessing the large image spliced in the step S1, and converting the complex image into a color block;
s2-2, extracting colors of the tree crowns, and further eliminating most of backgrounds;
s2-3, denoising, namely denoising the image subjected to the color extraction in the step S2-2 to remove some noise points and blocks and improve the recognition rate;
s2-4, modeling, marking the image of the fruit tree as a training sample library, and training the fruit tree training sample library for a fruit tree single plant recognition model to obtain the fruit tree single plant recognition model;
s2-5, carrying out matching identification by using the trained model to identify the fruit trees of the image, and making an orchard planting digital map.
S3, calculating the actual geographic coordinate position of each fruit tree by calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree in the image and the actual coordinate of the image reference point in the geographic information system; the step S3 includes setting an image reference point in the orchard, and calculating actual geographic coordinates of all fruit trees by obtaining actual coordinate positions of the image reference point in the geographic information system map, and calculating coordinate positions of the image reference point and the fruit trees in the image, and calculating actual coordinate positions of the fruit trees in the geographic information system map.
S4, embedding the image with the identified actual geographic coordinate position into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map; the step S4 includes first slicing the image obtained in the step S3 according to a mapping system, finding two obvious reference points in the image, then finding out the corresponding geographic coordinate positions in the map points, and slicing the image using a slicing tool.
And S5, endowing codes to the fruit trees on the orchard planting digital map, and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map. Each fruit tree corresponds to a unique code, orchard equipment information is added to an orchard map according to actual conditions, and the butt joint with a background database is achieved through ajax by utilizing control elements such as mark points, polygonal moments, drawing lines, prompt boxes and text boxes of the GIS map. The statistical information of the actual object represented by the map can be counted by selecting the covering object on the map in a frame mode, and the statistical information comprises the functions of automatically counting the number of mark points and the area after the multilateral distance frame selection and clicking the mark points to pop up and browse the information of the archives of the fruit trees.
Further, the method comprises the steps of counting and classifying the covering objects on the map, utilizing positioning equipment to collect position information of the garden, sending the positioning information to a server, and displaying the positioning information on the digital map planted in the garden. In order to improve the positioning accuracy in the implementation, the practical 5G high-precision positioning technology is used for positioning, and the position of each fruit tree can be accurately positioned in real time.
Example 2
The orchard planting digital management system based on fruit tree coding comprises an image acquisition module 1, an image processing module 2, an image recognition module 3 and a GIS information module 4 which are electrically connected with each other.
The image acquisition module 1 acquires images of the orchard by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain an orchard aerial photograph; the image acquisition module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle 12, a high-definition camera 12, a flight control unit 11 and a storage unit 14, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle 12 is used for carrying out aerial photography of a park, the flying height is 60-500 meters, the aerial photography is convenient, and the high-definition camera 12 is used for photographing an orthographic picture of the park; the flight control unit 11 is used for controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to a planned route and completely shooting a park; the storage unit 14 is used for storing aerial image information.
The image processing module 2 is used for cutting and splicing the clear aerial images of the orchard into a big image finished in the orchard; the synthesized orchard big image is a high-definition image and comprises the whole orchard, in the embodiment, the aerial images are spliced by using a Pix4Dmap aerial image splicing tool, and a high-definition png format synthesized image is derived.
The image recognition module 3 is used for recognizing the fruit trees on the spliced orchard large image and calculating the actual geographical position information of the fruit trees; the image recognition module 3 includes a tree recognition unit 31 and a position calculation unit 32, the tree recognition unit 31 is used for recognizing fruit trees and roads by the color difference of the fruit trees and the surrounding environment, and marking orchard roads and equipment on the image according to the actual situation. The position calculating unit 32 is used for calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree identification point in the image to deduce the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree, so as to calculate the geographic position information of each fruit tree. The tree-shaped recognition unit 31 extracts the fruit tree identifier to obtain the relative position of the identifier in the image, and the position of the fruit tree identifier on the map is calculated according to the actual coordinates of the image reference point on the geographic information system map.
And the GIS information module 4 is used for embedding the image of the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map. The GIS information module 4 comprises a slicing unit 41, a map covering unit 42, a data statistics unit 43 and an internet of things control unit 44; the slicing unit 41 searches for two obvious reference points on the aerial photography image, then finds out corresponding geographic position information on the map, and uses a slicing tool to slice and embed the map;
the map covering unit 42 is used for endowing codes to the fruit trees on the GIS map, and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map; and the docking with the background database is realized through ajax by utilizing control elements such as mark points, polygonal moments, drawing lines, prompt boxes, text boxes and the like of the GIS map. The data statistics unit 43 is used for counting the statistical information of the actual object by the map covering unit; the method comprises the functions of automatically counting the number of mark points and the area after selecting a multi-edge distance frame, clicking the mark points to pop up and browse the archive information of the fruit trees and the like. The internet of things control unit 44 is used for interfacing the equipment control of the garden to a digital map, so that the garden equipment can be directly operated on the map.
The system further comprises a positioning module 5, wherein the positioning module 5 is used for acquiring real-time position information in the park, sending the positioning information to a server and displaying the positioning information on a digital map. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, a 5G positioning technology may be adopted, and it is understood that positioning technologies such as GPS and beidou may also be used. Through high accuracy location, can be accurate know current operation position, the fruit tree that corresponds makes things convenient for the accurate farming information of record.
Based on the digital map, the plot can be divided quickly, fruit trees contained in the base can be counted automatically and accurately, the statistical method can be associated with other information systems, and information such as unique codes, planting time, tree ages, historical farming and the like of the fruit trees can be checked by clicking a certain fruit tree mark point on the digital map. On the digital map, the information such as the number, the area and the like of the fruit trees in the framed area can be displayed immediately by simply framing with a mouse.
The component embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software or a combination thereof, and in the foregoing embodiments, one or more steps may be implemented by flow instructions or signal instructions in a memory, that is, by encoding on a microprocessor or a signal processor, the functions of the method and module for implementing the method and apparatus for fast identifying key mechanical parameters of a main control structure plane in the present invention,
rather, all of the features disclosed in this specification, and any and all of the methods or apparatus so disclosed, may be used in isolation or in combination, except for the few modules and method uses which are mutually exclusive, in embodiments using the same.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital map management method is characterized by comprising the following steps
S1, obtaining orchard image information, and splicing the obtained orchard images to form a big image;
s2, identifying the crowns of the spliced pictures, and identifying all fruit trees from which the pictures are extracted;
s3, calculating the actual geographic coordinate position of each fruit tree by calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree in the image and the actual coordinate of the image reference point in the geographic information system;
s4, embedding the image with the identified actual geographic coordinate position into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map;
and S5, endowing codes to the fruit trees on the orchard planting digital map, and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map.
2. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital mapping management method of claim 1, wherein said step S2 crown identification comprises:
s2-1 image preprocessing, preprocessing the large image spliced in the step S1, and converting the complex image into a color block;
s2-2, extracting colors of the tree crowns, and further eliminating most of backgrounds;
s2-3, denoising, namely denoising the image subjected to the color extraction in the step S2-2 to remove some noise points and blocks;
s2-4, modeling, marking the image of the fruit tree as a training sample library, and training the fruit tree training sample library for a fruit tree single plant recognition model to obtain the fruit tree single plant recognition model;
s2-5, matching and identifying, and making an orchard planting digital map by using the trained model to match and identify the fruit trees of the images.
3. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital mapping management method of claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes setting an image reference point in the orchard, and calculating the actual coordinate position of the fruit tree on the geographic information system map by obtaining the actual coordinate position of the image reference point on the geographic information system map and simultaneously calculating the coordinate positions of the image reference point and the fruit tree in the image.
4. The fruit tree coding-based digital map management method for orchard planting according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 includes slicing the image obtained in step S3 according to a mapping system, finding two obvious reference points in the image, finding out corresponding geographic coordinate positions in the map points, and slicing the image by using a slicing tool.
5. The orchard planting digital mapping management method based on fruit tree coding according to claim 1, comprising the steps of carrying out statistical classification on the coverage on the map, utilizing positioning equipment to collect position information of a park, sending the positioning information to a server, and displaying the position information on the orchard planting digital map.
6. A fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital management system is characterized by comprising an image acquisition module, an image processing module, an image recognition module and a GIS information module which are electrically connected with each other,
the image acquisition module acquires images of the orchard by using the unmanned aerial vehicle to obtain an orchard aerial photograph;
the image processing module is used for cutting and splicing the clear aerial images of the orchard into a big image finished in the orchard;
the image identification module is used for identifying the fruit trees on the spliced orchard large image and calculating the actual geographic position information of the fruit trees;
and the GIS information module is used for embedding the image of the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree into a map to manufacture an orchard planting digital map.
7. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital management system according to claim 6, wherein the image acquisition module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high definition camera, a flight control unit and a storage unit, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for performing aerial photography of a garden, and the high definition camera is used for taking a photograph of an orthographic view of the garden; the flight control unit is used for controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to a planned route, the park is completely photographed, and the storage unit is used for storing aerial image information.
8. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital management system of claim 6, wherein the image recognition module comprises a tree recognition unit and a position calculation unit,
the tree-shaped identification unit is used for identifying the fruit trees according to the color difference between the fruit trees and the surrounding environment;
the position calculation unit is used for calculating the coordinate position of the fruit tree identification point in the image to deduce the actual geographic coordinate position of the fruit tree, so as to realize the geographic position information of each fruit tree.
9. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital management system of claim 6, wherein the GIS information module comprises a slicing unit, a map covering unit, a data statistics unit and an Internet of things control unit,
the slicing unit searches two obvious reference points on the aerial photography image, then finds out corresponding geographic position information on the map, and slices by using a slicing tool and embeds the information into the map;
the map covering unit is used for endowing codes to the fruit trees on the GIS map and adding information including representation fruit trees, boundaries and equipment elements on the map;
the data statistical unit is used for counting statistical information of the actual object through the map covering unit;
and the Internet of things control unit is used for interfacing the equipment control interface of the park to a digital map so as to realize the direct operation of the park equipment on the map.
10. The fruit tree coding-based orchard planting digital management system according to claim 6, further comprising a positioning module, wherein the positioning module is used for acquiring real-time position information in a park, sending the positioning information to a server and displaying the positioning information on a digital map.
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| CN112257908A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 嘉应学院 | Mountain agricultural multi-source heterogeneous data integration method and device |
| CN112379806A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-19 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Mark display method and device for farming activities, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112379806B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2024-04-16 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Mark display method and device for agricultural activities, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112836678A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-25 | 成都亚讯星科科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent planning method for intelligent agricultural park |
| CN112836678B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-11-22 | 成都亚讯星科科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent planning method for intelligent agricultural park |
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